阅读理解六选四-高二英语上学期期末复习分类汇编（上海专用）解析版

专题03阅读理解大选四

1（2023上•上海•高二上海南汇中学校考期末）InHelpingOthers,YouHelpYourself

Withmorethan500,000registerednonprofitscurrentlyoperatinginChina,thereareendlessopportunitiesto

makeapositiveimpactinyourcommunity.Whetheryouvolunteerinanorganizationthatspecializesinsocial

servicesoranimalwelfare,therearevariousbenefitsthatcomewiththeactofvolunteerism.1

Itisgoodforthecommunity.

2Bydoingvolunteeringactivitiestogetherwithyourneighborsandfriends,youaremorelikely

toobtainasenseofunity.Whenyouhelpsomeone,theywillbemorelikelytohelpyou.95%ofvolunteersfeel

thattheyarehelpingtomaketheircommunityabetterplace.

Itmakesyouhappyandreducesstress.

Oneresultofthispositiveimpactonthecommunity?Peoplefeelhappierandagreatersenseofpurposeinlife.

94%ofthemreportthatvolunteeringimprovestheirmood,and96%ofthemreportmorewillingnesstolivewith

aims.Moreover,thestatisticsalsoshowvolunteeringcouldhelprelievestress,whichcontributestothe

reconstructionoftheirinnersenseofprideandtheoutwardconnectionswithothers.3

Itkeepsyouhealthy.

Goodmood+Lessstress=Betterhealth

76%ofthemreportfeelingphysicallyhealthieraftervolunteering.

Volunteeringcanhelpthosewhoaredealingwithhealthissues.Aboutoneinfourvolunteerssaythatithelps

themmanageachronicillness.

4

Volunteeringcanalsohelppeoplecultivatewhattheyneedinordertothriveintheworkplace.Amongthose

whosaythatvolunteeringhashelpedtheircareers:87%reportthatvolunteeringhasupgradedtheirpeopleand

teamworkskills.75%feelthatithastaughtthemabouttimemanagement.

A.Checkoutwhatthosewhohavevolunteeredinthepast12monthshavetosayaboutthefeeling:

B.Infact,comparedwithnon-volunteers,76%ofthevolunteersreporthigherlevelsofself-esteemandricher

interpersonalrelationships.

C.Peoplewhoarecomparativelylesswillingtovolunteertheirtimeandenergytocommunityactivitiesare

foundtobelesshappy.

D.Makeatangibleimpactwhileengagingandconnectingwithpeopleinthecommunityyoumightnot

otherwisemeet.

E.Itdevelopsprofessionalskills.

F.Itfostersone'sdesireforpower.

【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.E

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过例举志愿服务的好处阐述了帮助别人就是帮助自己。

1.根据上文“Whetheryouvolunteerinanorganizationthatspecializesinsocialservicesoranimalwelfare,there

arevariousbenefitsthatcomewiththeactofvolunteerism.（无论你是在专门从事社会服务或动物福利的组织做

志愿者，志愿服务都有各种各样的好处。）”和下文中的段落小标题可知，空处承上启下，说明人们对志愿服

务的感受。A项：Checkoutwhatthosewhohavevolunteeredinthepast12monthshavetosayaboutthe

feeling:（看看那些在过去12个月里做过志愿者的人是怎么说这种感觉的）符合语境。故选A。

2.根据下文“Bydoingvolunteeringactivitiestogetherwithyourneighborsandfriends,youaremorelikelyto

obtainasenseofunity.（通过与你的邻居和朋友一起做志愿活动，你更有可能获得一种团结的感觉。）”可知，

在社区做志愿者能遇到很多同一社区里的人并产生影响——让社区更团结。D项：Makeatangibleimpact

whileengagingandconnectingwithpeopleinthecommunityyoumightnototherwisemeet.（在社区中与你可能

不常遇到的人接触和联系时，产生切实的影响。）符合语境。故选D。

3.根据上文“Moreover,thestatisticsalsoshowvolunteeringcouldhelprelievestress,whichcontributestothe

reconstructionoftheirinnersenseofprideandtheoutwardconnectionswithothers.（止匕夕卜，统计数据还显示，志

愿服务可以帮助缓解压力，这有助于重建他们内心的自豪感和与他人的外部联系。）”可知，志愿服务帮助人

们重建自豪感和拥有良好的人际关系。B项中的“higherlevelsofself-esteem"与"innersenseofpride”对应，

“richerinterpersonalrelationships"和"theoutwardconnectionswithothers”对应。B项：Infact,comparedwith

non-volunteers,76%ofthevolunteersreporthigherlevelsofself-esteemandricherinterpersonalrelationships.（事

实上，与非志愿者相比，76%的志愿者报告自尊水平更高，人际关系更丰富。）符合语境。故选B。

4.空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Volunteeringcanalsohelppeoplecultivatewhattheyneedinordertothrivein

theworkplace4志愿服务还可以帮助人们培养他们在职场中茁壮成长所需要的东西。厂可知，本段主要讲述

志愿服务对人们工作的好处。E项：Itdevelopsprofessionalskills.（培养专业技能。）符合语境。故选E。

2.（2023上•上海•高二华师大二附中校考期末）Whyshouldmankindexplorespace?Perhapsthebestanswer

liesinourgeneticmakeupashumanbeings.Whatpromptedourdistantancestorstomovefromthetreesintothe

plains,andonintoallpossibleareasandenvironments?5Thewiderthedistributionofaspecies,thebetter

itschanceofsurvival.

Explorationalsoallowsmineralsandotherpotentialresourcestobelocated.Additionalresourcesarealways

beneficialwhenusedwisely,andcanincreaseourchancesofsurvival.Knowledgeortechniquesacquiredthrough

exploration,orpreparingtoexplore,filterfromthedevelopersintosocietyatlarge.6.Also,wehave

alreadybenefitedfromotherby-products,includingimprovementsinearthquakeprediction-whichhassaved

manylives-insatellitesusedforweatherforecastingandincommunicationssystems.Evennon-sticksaucepans

andmirroredsunglassesareby-productsoftechnologicaldevelopmentsinthespaceindustry!

7.ThechancesofalargecomethittingtheEartharesmall,butitcouldhappenintime.Suchstrikesin

thepastmayaccountfortheextinctionofdinosaursandotherspecies.Humantechnologyisreachingthepoint

whereitmightbeabletodetectthepossibilityofthishappening,andenableustominimizethedamage,orprevent

itcompletely,allowingusasaspeciestoavoidextinction.

Incertaincircumstances,lifeonEarthmaybecomeimpossible:over-populationorwidespreaddiseases,for

instance,mighteventuallyforceustofindotherplacestolive.Whiletheearthistheonlyplanetknowntosustain

life,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowustoinhabitotherplanetsandmoons.Itistruethatthe

lifestylewouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.

8.

A.Thetechniquesmayhavemedicalapplicationswhichcanimprovethelengthorqualityofourlives.

B.Spaceallowsustoexpandandsucceed:forthesakeofeveryoneontheearth,nowandinthefuture,space

explorationisessential.

C.Themysteriousspaceobjectsvaryinginsizehavebeenfascinatedscientistsandscholarsforyears.

D.Itappearsthatwearedriventoensurethesuccessandcontinuationofnotjustourowngenes,butofthe

speciesasawhole.

E.Thereforeitstillposesaproblemforushumanbeingswhethertoexplorethespaceatthecostofourown

homelands.

F.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandexplanationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,it

alsoholdsdangers.

【答案】5.D6.A7.F8.B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述人类探索太空的原因和必要性。

5.根据上文“Whatpromptedourdistantancestorstomovefromthetreesintotheplains,andonintoallpossible

areasandenvironments?（是什么促使我们遥远的祖先从树上迁移到平原，并继续迁移到所有可能的地区和环

境?）"和下文"Thewiderthedistributionofaspecies,thebetteritschanceofsurvival.（一个物种的分布越广，它

的生存机会就越大。）”可知设空处应是回答上文，即物种会迁移的原因，所以D选项“似乎我们被驱使着不

仅要确保我们自己基因的成功和延续，还要确保整个物种的成功和延续。”起到承上启下的作用，符合题意，

故选D。

6.根据上文“Knowledgeortechniquesacquiredthroughexploration,orpreparingtoexplore,filterfromthe

developersintosocietyatlarge.（通过探索或准备探索而获得的知识或技术将从开发者那里渗透到整个社会

中。）”可推断下文应是进一步说明这些知识或技术在社会中的作用，所以A项“这些技术可能在医学上有应

用，可以延长我们的寿命或提高我们的生活质量。''符合题意，故选A。

7.根据下文“ThechancesofalargecomethittingtheEartharcsmall,butitcouldhappenintime.Suchstrikesin

thepastmayaccountfortheextinctionofdinosaursandotherspecies.（大彗星撞击地球的几率很小，但迟早会发

生。过去的这种撞击可能是恐龙和其他物种灭绝的原因。户可推断上文应是说明宇宙的运行应该存在危险，

故F选项“虽然太空中可能有许多关于宇宙如何形成或如何运作的奇迹和解释，但它也存在危险。”切题，

故选F。

8.木艮据上文“Whiletheearthistheonlyplanetknowntosustainlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswould

allowustoinhabitotherplanetsandmoons.Itistruethatthelifestylewouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeand

cultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.（虽然地球是已知的唯一能维持生命的行星，但人

类的适应能力肯定能让我们在其他行星和卫星上居住。生活方式确实会有所不同，但人类的生活和文化在

过去已经适应了，在未来肯定会适应。）”可知说的是探索探空的趋势和必要性，对探空探索进行总结，故B

选项“太空使我们得以扩张和成功：为了地球上的每个人，现在和将来，太空探索是必不可少的。”符合语境，

故选B。

3.（2023上•上海青浦•高二上海市青浦高级中学校考期末）“Theworstgiftisafruitcake,9,saidJohnny

CarsononceinhispopularTVshow."There'sonlyonefruitcakeintheentireworld,andpeoplekeepsendingitto

eachother.MostChinesehaveneverheardofCarson,abelovedAmericantelevisionhostwhodiedin2005.9

Mooncakesareoftendense,cloyinglysweet一and,asCarsonsuggested,re-gifted.Chinesepeopleusuallyeat

themwiththeirfamilymembers.Theyplayacentralroleincelebrationsofthetraditionalmidautumnfestival,a

popularChineseholidaythatfallsonSeptember10th.10

Despitetheoutbreakofthepandemic,thisyearChinaisexpectedtoproduce437,000tonesofmooncakes,

accordingtoiiMediaResearch,aconsultancy.Salesarelikelytoreach24bnyuan（$3.5bn）,upby11.8%compared

withlastyear.Asmostindustriesaregraduallyaccustomedtofunctioningalongwiththepandemic,themooncake

industry,likewise,isnowbouncingbacktoitspre-pandemicnorms.

Mostbakeriesandrestaurantsoffermooncakesintheirtraditionalform,withaheavycrustthatputsinfillings

suchasred-beanpaste,eggyolksorlotusseed.Butexpensivefillings,suchasshark'sfinandediblebird'snest,are

sometimesadded.11Somepeopleusetheseluxuriousmooncakepackagesasacleverbribingwaytobuy

themselvesuptheladdertowardsfameandpower.Thathasledtonewconcernsovercorruptionandisoutofstep

withthegovemmenfsdrivetoreduceinequalityandcontrolostentatious（炫耀的）wealth.

Officials,therefore,havebeeninspectingmooncakesforsaleinmalls,supermarkets,hotelsandrestaurants.

12Whoeversellsamooncakegiftsetforover500yuanmuststorethetransactiondatafor2yearsincaseof

investigation.

A.Themediahavepublishedphotosofstuffwearinguniformsonthehuntforoverpackagedandoverpriced

mooncakes.

B.However,theAmericanhostexpressedhisloveformooncakesonhisshowmanytimes.

C.Theexpensivematerials,however,comefromtheanimalsunderstrictprotectionbylaw.

D.Butinthemonthsleadinguptothecelebration,mooncakeshavebecometheobjectofintensegovernment

inspection.

E.Luxuryhotelsanddesignerbrandshavepackagedthesefancymooncakestogetherwithgoldleaf,jadeand

expensiveteaorliquor.

F.Yetmanywouldgethisjoke.Chinahasitsownfruitcakeequivalent:mooncake.

【答案】9.F10.D11.E12.A

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述中国中秋赠送月饼的习俗，现在月饼成了严查的对象，因为赠送

昂贵的月饼礼盒是贿赂的一种方式。

9.根据上文'“'There'sonlyonefruitcakeintheentireworld,andpeoplekeepsendingittoeachother.9,Most

ChinesehaveneverheardofCarson,abelovedAmericantelevisionhostwhodiedin2005.（“全世界只有一个水果

蛋糕，但人们一直在互相送。”大多数中国人从未听说过卡森，这位深受喜爱的美国电视主持人于2005年

去世）"和下文"Mooncakesareoftendense,cloyinglysweet一and,asCarsonsuggested,re-gifted.Chinesepeople

usuallyeatthemwiththeirfamilymembers.（月饼通常是浓稠的，甜得让人腻味----而且，正如卡森所说，是

转赠的）”可知，设空处承上启下，有水果蛋糕引出下文话题月饼。由此可知，F选项“但很多人会理解他的

笑话。中国也有自己的水果蛋糕：月饼。”符合语境。故选F。

10.根据上文“Theyplayacentralroleincelebrationsofthetraditionalmidautumnfestival,apopularChinese

holidaythatfallsonSeptember10由.（他们在9月io日的中国传统节日中秋节的庆祝活动中发挥着核心作用户

和下面三段可知，下文转到的话题是关于月饼成为一种受贿方式的介绍。此处上下文是转折关系。由此可

知，D选项“但在庆祝活动前的几个月里，月饼已经成为政府严格检查的对象。”符合题意，故选D。

11.根据上文“Butexpensivefillings,suchasshark'sfinandediblebird'snest,aresometimesadded.（但昂贵的馅

料，如鱼翅和可食用的燕窝，有时也会加入）"和下文"Somepeopleusetheseluxuriousmooncakepackagesasa

cleverbribingwaytobuythemselvesuptheladdertowardsfameandpower.（有些人用这些豪华的月饼包装作

为一种聪明的贿赂方式，让自己获得名望和权力）''可知，设空处说的是月饼如何被包装成豪华的月饼，成为

一种贿赂的方式的。由此可知，E选项“豪华酒店和设计师品牌将这些精美的月饼与金箔、玉石和昂贵的茶

或酒一起包装。”符合语境，故选E。

12.根据上文“Officials,therefore,havebeeninspectingmooncakesforsaleinmalls,supermarkets,hotelsand

restaurants.（因此，官员们一直在检查商场、超市、酒店和餐馆销售的月饼）”可知，下文应该解释查找高价月

饼的一些方式。由此可知,A选项“媒体刊登了一些穿着制服的人在寻找过度包装和定价过高的月饼的照片J

符合题意，紧密承接上文，故选A。

4.（2023上•上海奉贤•高二校考期末）DayoftheDead

Here'sonethingweknow:DiadelosMuertos,orDayoftheDead,isnotaMexicanversionofHalloween.

13WhereasHalloweenembracesterrorandmischiefonthelastnightofOctober,Dayofthe

DeadfestivitiesunfoldoverthefirsttwodaysofNovemberinanexplosionofcolorandlife-affirmingjoy.Sure,

thethemeisdeath,butthepointistodemonstrateloveandrespectfordeceasedfamilymembers.Intownsand

citiesthroughoutMexico,%ue/ers（狂欢者）do〃（穿上）funkymakeupandcostumes,holdparadesandparties,sing

anddance,andmakeofferingstolostlovedones.

DayoftheDeadoriginatedseveralthousandyearsagowiththeAztec,Toltec,andotherNahuapeople,who

consideredmourningthedeaddisrespectful.14Thedeadwerestillmembersofthecommunity,kept

aliveinmemoryandspirit-andduringDiadelosMuertos,theytemporarilyreturnedtoEarth.

Today'sDiadelosMuertoscelebrationisamash-up（混聚）ofpre-HispanicreligiousritesandChristianfeasts.

IttakesplaceonNovember1and2-AllSaints'DayandAllSouls'DayontheCatholiccalendar-aroundthetime

ofthefallmaizeharvest.

Culturalheritageisnotjustmonumentsandcollectionsofobjects.TheUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific

andCulturalOrganization（UNESCO）saysthatculturalheritagealsoincludeslivingexpressionsof

culture——traditions——passeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.15TodayMexicansfromall

religiousandethnicbackgroundscelebrateDiadelosMuertos,butatitscore,theholidayisareaffirmationof

历山本土的）life.

DayoftheDeadisanextremelysocialholidaythatspillsintostreetsandpublicsquaresatallhoursoftheday

andnight.Dressingupasskeletonsispartofthefun.Peopleofallageshavetheirfacesartfullypaintedtoresemble

skulls,and,mimickingtheCalaveraCatrina,theydonsuitsandfancydresses.16

A.In2008,UNESCOrecognizedtheimportanceofDiadelosMuertosbyaddingtheholidaytoitslistof

Intangible（无形的）CulturalHeritageofHumanity.

B.Somefamiliesplacetheirdeadlovedone'sfavoritemealonthealtar（祭坛）.

C.Thoughrelated,thetwoannualeventsdiffergreatlyintraditionsandtone.

D.Manyrevelerswearshellsorothernoisemakerstofueltheexcitement-andalsopossiblytorousethedead

andkeepthemcloseduringthefun.

E.Today,thecalaveraCatrina,orelegantskull,istheDayoftheDead'smostubiquitoussymbol.

F.Forthesepre-Hispanic（前西班牙时期的）cultures,deathwasanaturalphaseinlife'slongcontinuum.

【答案】13.C14.F15.A16.D

【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了墨西哥的亡灵节的习俗和相关文化知识。

13.下一句"WhereasHalloweenembracesterrorandmischiefonthelastnightofOctober,DayoftheDead

festivitiesunfoldoverthefirsttwodaysofNovemberinanexplosionofcolorandlife-affirmingjoy.9,（万圣节在

10月的最后一个晚上充满了恐怖和恶作剧，而亡灵节的庆祝活动则在11月的头两天展开，充满了色彩的爆

炸和肯定生命的欢乐。）指出了万圣节和亡灵节这两个一年一度的节日在传统习俗和节日基调上是不同的，

而选项C（虽然相关，但这两个年度活动在传统和基调上有很大不同。）意思与之对应，下一句是对选项c

的展开说明，二者衔接合理。故选C。

14.上——句“DayoftheDeadoriginatedseveralthousandyearsagowiththeAztec,Toltec,andotherNahuapeople,

whoconsideredmourningthedeaddisrespectful.”提到了"亡灵节起源于几千年前的Azetc>Toltec和其他Nahua

人，他们认为哀悼死者是不尊重的。与选项F中的“thesepre-Hispanic（前西班牙时期的）cultures”相对应；

下一句"Thedeadwerestillmembersofthecommunity,keptaliveinmemoryandspirit”指出了"死者仍然是社区

的成员，在记忆和精神上仍然活着“，选项F中的“deathwasanaturalphaseinlife'slongcontinuum.^^（死亡是

生命漫长连续体中的一个自然阶段。）与它意思衔接合理；故选项F起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。故

选F。

15.上一句"TheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization（UNESCO）saysthatcultural

heritagealsoincludeslivingexpressionsofculture——traditions——passeddownfromgenerationtogeneration.”中提

到了“UNESCO说这种文化遗产还包括世代相传的文化传统的生动表现形式。选项A中接着指出了

“UNESCO认识到亡灵节的重要性，将该节日列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。"，两句句意连续，衔接合理；

选项A中的“In2008”与下一句的"Today”也能够合理衔接，下一句中的"butatitscore,theholidayisa

reaffirmationofIndigenous（本土的）life."（但从本质上讲，这个节日是对本土生活的重申）继续表明了今天

亡灵节的本质，对上一句进行了进一步的引申，符合语境。故选A。

16.上一句"Peopleofallageshavetheirfacesartfullypaintedtoresembleskulls,and,mimickingtheCalavera

Catrina,theydonsuitsandfancydresses."（各个年龄段的人都把他们的脸巧妙地画成骷髅头的样子，并模仿

CalaveraCatrina,穿上西装和奇装异服。）描写了人们在节日期间的着装和打扮,选项D中“Manyrevelerswear

shellsorothernoisemakerstofueltheexcitement”（许多狂欢者戴着贝壳或其他噪音制造者来刺激气氛）继续

描写了人们的打扮，意思衔接合理；同时，选项D1tl的“duringthefirn.”与前文中的“Dressingupasskeletons

ispartofthefiin"的“thefiin”相对应，符合语境。故选D。

5.（2023上•上海•高二上海市吴淞中学校考期末）Insomanyways,cyberspace（网络空间）mirrorsthereal

world.Peopleaskforinformation,playgames,andsharehobbytips.Othersbuyandsellproducts.Stillotherslook

forfriendship,orevenlove.

Unliketherealworld,however,yourknowledgeaboutapersonislimitedtowordsonacomputerscreen.

Identityandappearancemeanverylittleincyberspace.17Soeventheshyestpersoncanbecomea

chat-roomstar.

Usually,this“fhceless“communicationdoesn'tcreateproblems.Identitydoesn'treallymatterwhenyou'rein

achatroomdiscussingpoliticsorhobbies.Infact,thisemphasisontheideathemselvesmakestheInternetagreat

placeforexcitingconversation.Whereelsecansomanypeoplecometogethertochatabouttheirinterests?

18Theyarelookingforseriousloverelationships.Iscyberspaceagoodplacetofindlove?That

answerdependsonwhomyouask.Someoftheserelationshipsactuallysucceed.Othersfailmiserably.

SupportersofonlinerelationshipsclaimthattheInternetallowscouplestogettoknoweachother

intellectuallyfirst.Personalappearancedoesn'tgetintheway.

Butcriticsofonlinerelationshipsarguethatnoonecantrulyknowanotherpersonincyberspace.Why?

BecausetheInternetgivesusersalotofcontroloverhowothersviewthem.Internetuserscancarefullycrafttheir

wordstofitwhateverimagetheywanttogive.Andtheydon'thavetoworryaboutwhattheir“fhceless”

communicationisdoingfortheirimage.19

Allofthismaybefineiftherelationshipstaysincyberspace.Butnotknowingapersonisabigproblemina

loverelationship.20Thisinevitablyleadstodisappointmentwhencouplesmeetinperson.How

someoneimaginesanonlinefriendisoftenquitedifferentfromtherealperson.

So,beforelookingforloveincyberspace,remembertheadviceofInternetpioneerCliffordStoll:"Liffeinthe

realworldisfarricherthananythingyou'llfindonacomputerscreen.^^

A.Rather,aperson'sthoughts-oratleastthethoughtstheytype-arewhatreallycount.

B.Inasense,they5renotreallythemselves.

C.Withsomanyunknowns,ifseasytoletone'simagination"fillintheblanks”.

D.ButSomeInternetuserswantmorethanjustsomeonetochatwith.

E.Theinternetencouragespeopletoexpresstheirideasinafreerway.

F.However,onlinerelationshipwillbedamagedbythiskindofimage.

【答案】17.E18.D19.A20.C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。指出有些网络用户寻求线上恋爱关系，以及对此赞成和反对的观点。

17.上文“Identityandappearancemeanverylittleincyberspace.（身份和外表在网络空间中意义不大。）”指出在

网络上，身份和外貌并不重要。下文“Soeventheshyestpersoncanbecomeachat-roomstar.（因此，即使是最

害羞的人也可以成为聊天室明星。）”指出，现实中害羞的人在网上也可以畅所欲言。选项E-Theinternet

encouragespeopletoexpresstheirideasinafreerway.（互联网鼓励人们以更自由的方式表达自己的想法。）”指

出互联网对自由表达自己的鼓励，这延续上文进一步指出互联网的特性，也是下文的原因，因此符合语境。

故选E项。

18.下文“Theyarelookingforseriousloverelationships.（他们正在寻找严肃的恋爱关系。）”指出，有一类人在

互联网上寻求严肃恋爱关系。选项D"ButsomeInternetuserswantmorethanjustsomeonetochatwith.（但一些

互联网用户想要的不仅仅是聊天对象。）”指出有一些网络用户想要的不仅仅是简单聊天，下文是对该选项的

进一步说明，两者为递进关系，因此符合语境。故选D项。

19.上文“Andtheydon'thavetoworryaboutwhattheirttfaceless^^communicationisdoingfortheirimage.（而且

他们不必担心他们的“无脸”交流会对他们的形象产生什么影响。）”指出网络上的交流，哪怕是无理的，也不

会对一个人的形象造成影响。选项A44Rather,aperson'sthoughts-oratleastthethoughtstheytype-arewhatreally

count.（相反，一个人的想法或至少他们键入的想法才是真正重要的。户指出在互联网上重要的是人们呈现在

其中的思想，这是对上文的补充说明，符合语境。故选A项。

20.上文“Butnotknowingapersonisabigprobleminaloverelationship.（但不了解一个人是恋爱关系中的一

个大问题。）“指出，恋爱关系中对这个人了解不够是一个大问题。T^<6Thisinevitablyleadstodisappointment

whencouplesmeetinperson.（这不可避免地会导致这对恋人见面时的失望。）”指出，网络上的恋人如果要线

下见面，可能因为某事而失望。选项C"Withsomanyunknowns,it'seasytoletone'simagination'"fillinthe

blanks”.（有这么多未知，很容易让一个人的想象力“填补空白”。）”指出因为网络恋爱两个人不够了解，他们

可能通过想象来添补了解的不够，该选项是上文的补充说明，也是导致下文所说的见面问题的原因，符合

语境。故选C项。

优选提升提

6.（2023上•上海•高二上海交大附中校考期末）Dieting?HowColorsImpactFoodAppealandAppetite

Haveyoueversuddenlydevelopedanappetitefromapassingglanceatafreewaybillboardfeaturinga

brightlycoloredcheeseburger,ordecidedtostepintoacandyoricecreamstoredisplayingawindowfullofvibrant

shadesandhues（颜色）ofsweettreats?Ifso,youareingoodcompany.21

Beveragesareshowcasedinthesamefashion.Asevidencedbytheneon,tropicalbluemixtureprominently

featuredonthecoverofthecocktailmenu,brightcolorsareappealingandappetizing.Dullhuesarenot.Whenwas

thelasttimeyougotexcitedaboutafoodthatwasgrey?Youprobablyeatoatmealbecauseyouknowitisgoodfor

you;notbecauseyoufinditvisuallyappealing.

22DevinaWadheraandElizabethD.Capaldi-Phillipsin"AReviewofVisualCuesAssociatedwith

Food^^（2014）demonstratehowvisualcuesimpactseatingbehavior.Inadditiontotaste,cuesincludeodor,texture,

flavor,andappearance——whichistheinitialfoodcuebecauseoureyesprovideourfirstcontactwithpotential

edibles.

WadheraandCapaldi-Phillipscitepriorresearchinprovidingsomeinterestingexamplesofthevisualimpact

ofdifferentcolorschemesontasteandfoodenjoyment.23Andhotchocolateinaredcupwasratedas

moreenjoyablethanwhenitwasservedinawhitecup.Considerthisthenexttimeyouareservedapieceof

birthdaycake,orovertheholidayswhenyouareenjoyingwarmbeveragesservedinholiday-themedmugs.

Whataboutwhenyouarethirsty?WadheraandCapaldi-Phillipsnotethatbeveragesservedinblueglasses

havebeenratedasmorethirstquenching（解渴的）thanwhenservedinyellow,red,orgreenglasses.24

Sogiventherainbowofcolorsswirlingarounduswhenfacedwithsomanyinvitingfoodchoices,isthereany

waytocontrolourinclinationtoindulge?

OliverGenschowetal.（2012）demonstratedthatwhenitcomestoeatingless,colorsimpactconsumption.

Theyspecificallyresearchedtheeffectofthecolorred,whichtheynotehasbeenshowntopromptavoidance

motivationinothercontexts.Withinthecontextofeating,theyfoundthatpeopleatefewerpretzels（脆饼干）when

usingaredplate,asopposedtowhiteorblue,anddranklessfromaredcupthanabluecup.Theysuggestthatthe

colorredreducesfoodandbeverageintakebyfunctioningasasubconsciousstopsignal.

A.Apparently,weconsumewithmoreofoursensesthanweconsciouslyrealize.

B.Theyrecognizetheimpactofsensorycuesonpromotinggoodeatingbehaviorinbothchildrenandadults.

C.Unlesswearemedicallyrestrictedordiligentlydieting,wearenotlikelytogiveupappetizingfoodsimply

becausewerecognizethelackofnutritionalvalue.

D.Theynotethatpinkfoodonawhiteplatewasperceivedassweeterandmoreflavorfulthanthesamefood

onablackplate.

E.Healthyeatinginvolvesintentionalchoices,notmindlessresponsestosensorystimuli.

F.Researchconfirmsthefactthatwhenitcomestotasteandsensation,colorsmatter.

【答案】21.C22.F23.D24.A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了颜色的视觉效果对我们的胃口有很大影响，并用相关研究加以佐证。

21.上文“Haveyoueversuddenlydevelopedanappetitefromapassingglanceatafreewaybillboardfeaturinga

brightlycoloredcheeseburger,ordecidedtostepintoacandyoricecreamstoredisplayingawindowfullofvibrant

shadesandhues（颜色）ofsweettreats?Ifso,youareingoodcompany.（你是否曾在高速公路广告牌上匆匆一

瞥，看到一个色彩鲜艳的奶酪汉堡，突然产生了食欲，或者决定走进一家糖果或冰淇淋店，橱窗里摆满了

色彩鲜艳的糖果？如果是这样的话，有人想法和你一样）”指出很多人都可能因为看到色彩鲜艳的食物而食欲

大增，想尝一尝。选项C4tUnlesswearemedicallyrestrictedordiligentlydieting,wearenotlikelytogiveup

appetizingfoodsimplybecausewerecognizethelackofnutritionalvalue.（除非我们受至！J医学上的限制或努力节

食，否则我们不太可能仅仅因为认识到缺乏营养价值而放弃令人胃口大开的食物）”进一步指出，遇到让人食

欲大增的食物时，我们往往很难克制，这是对上文的补充说明，符合语境。故选C项。

22.下文“DevinaWadheraandElizabethD.Capaldi-Phillipsin“AReviewofVisualCuesAssociatedwithFood^^

（2014）demonstratehowvisualcuesimpactseatingbehavior.（DevinaWadhera和ElizabethD.CapaldiPhillips在

《与食物相关的视觉线索综述》（2014）中展示了视觉线索如何影响饮食行为）”指出这两位研究人员研究了

视觉线索如何影响饮食行为。选项F4CResearchconfirmsthefactthatwhenitcomestotasteandsensation,colors

matter.（研究证实了这样一个事实：当涉及到味道和感觉时，颜色很重要）”则粗略指出有研究证实了颜色对

味道和感觉的影响，下文是对该研究的详细说明，符合语境。故选F项。

23.上文“WadheraandCapaldi-Phillipscitepriorresearchinprovidingsomeinterestingexamplesofthevisual

impactofdifferentcolorschemesontasteandfoodenjoyment.（Wathera和CapaldiPhillips弓|用了先前的研究，

提供了一些有趣的例子，说明不同颜色方案对味觉和食物享受的视觉影响）”指出这两位研究人员提供了一些

有趣的例子尝。下文“Andhotchocolateinaredcupwasratedasmoreenjoyablethanwhenitwasservedina

whitecup.（红色杯子里的热巧克力被评为比白色杯子里的更令人愉快）”提出了一个关于热巧克力的有趣例

子o选项D"Theynotethatpinkfoodonawhiteplatewasperceivedassweeterandmoreflavorfulthanthesame

foodonablackplate.（他们注意到，白色盘子里的粉色食物被认为比黑色盘子里的相同食物更甜、更有味道）”

也呈现出了一个具体的例子，是上文的延续，和下文同属于具体例子，符合语境。故