2020-2021学年山东省济宁市高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

山东省济宁市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读选择GRADUATEJOBGUIDE.CO.UKWeTurnDegreesIntoCareersInlessthanthreeyears,ourcompanybecametheUK’sleadinggraduatecareerandinterviewcoachingprovider.Wehavehelpedover500studentsandgraduateslandgraduatejobs,andboostthe1rcareerdevelopmentwithourexpertcareeradvice.WhyChooseUsAfter5+yearsofexperienceintheconsultingindustry,thatincludedworkingatalloftheBig4,andotherwell-knowncompanies,wehavedecidedtohelpothersachievetheirearlycareerdream.OuruniqueexperiencehasprovideduswithinvaluableinsightsintowhattheBig4,consultingfirmsandbanks,arelookingfor.Ourprofessionalcoachesprovidecareeradviceandcoaching,helpingyoutoachieveyourfullpotential.OurListofServices·CVREVIEWFORGRADUATEJOBS£49Theaverageemployerspendsaslittleas6secondsdecidingwhetheraresume(简历)willbeconsideredforanintervieworthrowninthetrash.Isyourresumestrongenoughtoimpressthemandlandyouthegraduatejob?TheserviceincludesthoroughreviewandimprovementsofyourgraduateCV.·ASSESSMENTCENTREPREPARATION£249Areyouworriedaboutyourpresentationskillsandfollow-upquestionsthataninterviewermayaskyou?Ourassessmentcentreplansarecarefullydesignedtohelpyouidentifyandimproveyourweaknesses.·MOCK(模拟)INTERVIEWFORGRADUATEJOBS£79Withourmockinterviews,yougetthefeelingofarealinterview.Ourmockinterviewsincludeallcomponents（videorecordingquestions,numericalpart,situational-judgmentquestions,etc）.Keytoaproductivemockjobinterviewisconstructivefeedback.Werecommendyougothrougheachsectionofthemockinterview.Roleplay,stopanddiscussthefeedbackbeforemovingontothenextsection.Thiswaythefeedbackisimmediateandyoucanmakegooduseofittoimproveasyouproceedthroughthejobinterview.Formoreinformation,contactusatinfo@graduatejobguide.co.uk.1．What’sprobablythemajorconcernofgraduateswhochoosetoconsultthiscompany?A．Price. B．Experience. C．Size D．Culture.2．Whatishighlightedduringamockinterview?A．Interviewquestions. B．Animpressiveresume.C．Animmediatefeedback. D．Achanceforarealinterview.3．Howmuchshouldyoupayforthewholeservice?A．£49. B．£79. C．£249. D．£377.【答案】1．B2．C3．D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一家为毕业生做职业规划的公司的优势，提供的服务，价格等。1．推理判断题。根据WhyChooseUs中的“After5+yearsofexperienceintheconsultingindustry,thatincludedworkingatalloftheBig4,andotherwell-knowncompanies,wehavedecidedtohelpothersachievetheirearlycareerdream.OuruniqueexperiencehasprovideduswithinvaluableinsightsintowhattheBig4,consultingfirmsandbanks,arelookingfor.（在咨询行业有5年多的经验，包括在四大公司和其他知名公司工作，我们决定帮助其他人实现他们早期的职业梦想。我们独特的经验为我们提供了宝贵的见解，以便了解四大咨询公司和银行正在寻找什么。）”由此可推断，毕业生们选择这家咨询公司主要关心它的经验。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据MOCK（模拟）INTERVIEWFORGRADUATEJOBS£79中的“Keytoaproductivemockjobinterviewisconstructivefeedback.（有成效的模拟面试的关键是有建设性的反馈。）”由此可知模拟面试突出的是快速的反馈。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据OurListofServices中所有小标题后面的价格£49+£249+£79=£377，所以如果是全套的服务，需要£377，故选D。AvideoofafamilybeingsavedfromtheirburninghomewentviralonTikTokasitshowedaneighborrunningoverandbanging(猛敲)onthefrontdoortowakeupthoseinside.NicoleSalgado,wholivedinAvondalewithherhusbandDavidSalgadoandtheirfourchildren,postedtheclipoftheringdoorbellcamerafilmtoherTikTokpagetoshowjusthowtheyhadbeenwokenuponthefirstdayofthenewyear.“Itwasabout7:30inthemorning.WewereallasleepbecauseitwasNewYear’sEvethenightbefore.Weallstayedupanddidthecountdown,sowewereallstillsleepingandwegotwokenupbybangingonthedoor.Thedoorbellwasgoingoff,”shesaid.“Wejustheardbanging,banging,banging,somyhusbandandIshotupoutofbedandwelookedateachotherandwewerelike‘What’sgoingon?Whocouldthatbe?’”Therewaslittletimetoevenprocessthepossibilityofwhatwashappeningsothatinsteadsheimmediatelyrantograbherkids,whileDavidwenttothefrontdoor.“HeopenedthedoorandIheardtheneighbor,Carol,say,‘Getout.Yourhouseisonfire.Getout,’”sheexplained.Thatmoment,recordedbythefamily’sdoorbellsystem,waswhatsomanyrespondedtoonTikTok,callingCarolthefamily’s“guardianangel”andreferringtoherasaheroassheofferedtheSalgadofamilytotakeshelterinherhome.“ThebiggestthingItakefromthisstoryisjustbekindtoyourneighbors.Beforewe’dwavehi,bye.Justafriendlyneighborinteraction.Now,it’llbecompletelydifferent,”Nicolesays.“We’rejustsogratefultoher.Now,she’sgonnabefamily.It’ssorefreshingtoseethattherearepeopleouttherethatcareaboutotherpeople.”4．Whatcanwelearnaboutthepopularvideointhetext?A．Itwasdamagedbythefire. B．ItwasaboutNewYear’sEve.C．Itwaspostedbyakindneighbor. D．Itwasshotbyadoorbellcamera.5．Howdidthecouplefeelinitiallyonhearingbangingonthedoor?A．Confused. B．Grateful. C．Annoyed. D．Embarrassed.6．WhatmadeCarolwinthetitle“guardianangel”?A．Herbraveandtimelyacts. B．Hergenerousdonation.C．Heradorablepersonality. D．Hergreatsympathy.7．Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressinthelastparagraph?A．Gratitudeisthesignofnoblesouls.B．Agoodneighborisapricelesstreasure.C．Kindnessisrewardedwithkindness.D．Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.【答案】4．D5．A6．A7．B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一家人被邻居从火灾中救出的视频，在TikTok上疯传的事情。4．细节理解题。根据第二段“NicoleSalgado,wholivedinAvondalewithherhusbandDavidSalgadoandtheirfourchildren,postedtheclipoftheringdoorbellcamerafilmtoherTikTokpagetoshowjusthowtheyhadbeenwokenuponthefirstdayofthenewyear.(NicoleSalgado和他的老公DavidSalgado以及四个孩子住在Avondale，把门铃摄像头的录像片段发到了她的TikTok主页上，录像显示出他们是如何在新年的第一天被唤醒的)”可知，这是门铃摄像头拍摄下是画面。故选D。5．推理判断题。根据第三段““Thedoorbellwasgoingoff,”shesaid.“Wejustheardbanging,banging,banging,somyhusbandandIshotupoutofbedandwelookedateachotherandwewerelike‘What’sgoingon?Whocouldthatbe?’”(“门铃一直再响”她说。“我们听到砰，砰，砰的声音，所以我和我丈夫从床上跳起来，看着对方，“发生了什么？会是谁呢？”)”可知，这对夫妻最初听到敲门声时是困惑的，不知道发生什么事情了。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““HeopenedthedoorandIheardtheneighbor,Carol,say,‘Getout.Yourhouseisonfire.Getout,’”sheexplained.Thatmoment,recordedbythefamily’sdoorbellsystem,waswhatsomanyrespondedtoonTikTok,callingCarolthefamily’s“guardianangel”andreferringtoherasaheroassheofferedtheSalgadofamilytotakeshelterinherhome.(“他打开门，我听到我的邻居，Carol说，“快点出去。你的房子在着火。快点出去”，她解释说。那一时刻，被家庭门铃系统记录下来，在TikTok上得到了很多回复，称Carol为这个家庭的守护天使并称她为英雄因为她把Salgado一家人请到她家避难)”可知，大家称Carol为“guardianangel”是因为她勇敢又及时的行为。故选A。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThebiggestthingItakefromthisstoryisjustbekindtoyourneighbors.(我从这个故事中学到了最重要的一件事就是友好的对待你的邻居)”以及“We’rejustsogratefultoher.Now,she’sgonnabefamily.It’ssorefreshingtoseethattherearepeopleouttherethatcareaboutotherpeople.(我们都很感谢她，她现在已经成为了我们的家人。看到外面有很多人在关心他人是非常令人高兴的事)”可知，作者通过最后一段想要强调的是邻里之间友好相处很重要，即好的邻居是无价之宝。故选B。Theycomesuddenly,withoutwarning,andthequestioninyourmind“Whynow?”meltsintothedepressingrealizationthatthiscouldmeantheendofyourlife.Untilnow.Anewmachine-learningsystemofartificialintelligence（AI）cansuccessfullypredicttheriskofcardiacarrest（心脏骤停）usingtimingandweatherdata,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalHeart.Thestudyfoundthattheout-of-hospitalriskofcardiacarrestwashighestonSundays,Mondays,duringsharpdropsintemperatureduringorbetweendays,andonpublicholidays.Thenewfindingscouldserveasanearlywarningsystem,loweringtheriskofdeadlyepisodesandraisingsurvivalchances,inadditiontoimprovingemergencymedicalservices’abilitytoprepareforserioussituations.Thisissignificantbecauseout-of-hospitalcardiacarrestsarecommonglobally,andaregenerallylinkedtolowsurvivalrates.Todeepentheresearch,thescientistsevaluatedthecapacityofmachinelearningtoanticipatedailyout-of-hospitalcardiacarrestsviatiming,as1ntheyear,season,dayoftheweek,hourofday,anddailyweather,likesnowfall,temperature,windspeed,andatmosphericpressurereadings.Between2005and2013,1,299,784caseshappened,andmachinelearningwasimplementedfor525,374casesusingtimingdata,weather,orbothforatrainingdataset.Theseresultswerethencontrastedwith135,678casesthathappenedbetween2014and2015,toexaminethemodel’scapacityforaccuracyforanticipatingthestatisticalnumberofdailycardiacarrestsinotheryears.“Thispredictivemodelmaybeusefulforpreventingoutofhospitalcardiacarrest,”saidtheresearchers.However,it’scriticallyimportanttonotethatthisstudydoesnotpromiseawaytopredictwhenpeoplewillreallydiefromcardiacarrest.Asaleadingcauseofdeath,thenewmachinelearningAImerelypredictswhentheriskofhavingaheartattackishigh.8．What’sparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theseriousnessofcardiacarrests. B．Thepowerofartificialintelligence.C．Thegreatsignificanceofthefindings. D．Thetimeofcardiacarrests’occurrence.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“implemented”meaninparagraph4?A．Created. B．Applied. C．Suspended. D．Updated.10．What’stheauthor’sattitudetothewarningsystem?A．Critical. B．Negative. C．Doubtful. D．Objective.11．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tostatethepotentialrisksofheartattacks.B．Tostresstheimportanceofconductingresearches.C．Tointroduceabreakthroughofadiseaseprediction.D．Topointouttheshortcomingsofmoderntechnology.【答案】8．D9．B10．D11．C【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一个预测疾病的突破：一种新的人工智能机器学习系统（AI）可以利用时间和天气数据成功预测心脏骤停的风险。8．主旨大意题。根据第三段前两句“Thestudyfoundthattheout-of-hospitalriskofcardiacarrestwashighestonSundays,Mondays,duringsharpdropsintemperatureduringorbetweendays,andonpublicholidays.”（研究发现，星期日、星期一、日间气温急剧下降时，以及公众假期，院外心脏骤停的风险最高。）描述了心脏骤停发生风险最高的时间段，结合选项可知，选项D与文意相符，故选D。9．词句猜测题。根据第四段第一句中“Todeepentheresearch,thescientistsevaluatedthecapacityofmachinelearningtoanticipatedailyout-of-hospitalcardiacarrestsviatiming...”（为了深入研究，科学家们评估了机器学习的能力，通过计时来预测每天的院外心脏骤停）及最后一句“Theseresultswerethencontrastedwith135,678casesthathappenedbetween2014and2015,toexaminethemodel’scapacityforaccuracyforanticipatingthestatisticalnumberofdailycardiacarrestsinotheryears.”（然后将这些结果与2014年至2015年间发生的135,678起案例进行对比，以检验该模型预测其他年份每日心脏骤停统计数字的准确性。）可推知，在2005年至2013年间，机器通过数据等信息预测了525,374例心脏骤停的发生，所以划线词此处是指“实施”含义，选项B符合题意，故选B。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thispredictivemodelmaybeusefulforpreventingoutofhospitalcardiacarrest,”saidtheresearchers.However,it’scriticallyimportanttonotethatthisstudydoesnotpromiseawaytopredictwhenpeoplewillreallydiefromcardiacarrest.Asaleadingcauseofdeath,thenewmachinelearningAImerelypredictswhentheriskofhavingaheartattackishigh.”（“这种预测模型可能有助于防止院外心脏骤停。”研究人员说。然而，值得注意的是，这项研究并没有提供一种预测人们何时真正死于心脏骤停的方法。作为导致死亡的主要原因，新的机器学习人工智能仅仅预测心脏病发作的高风险。）可推知，对于这个人工智能的预警系统作者仅仅是做了客观性的评价，选项D与文意相符，故选D。11．推理判断题。根据第二段“Anewmachine-learningsystemofartificialintelligence（AI）cansuccessfullypredicttheriskofcardiacarrest（心脏骤停）usingtimingandweatherdata,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalHeart.”（发表在《心脏》杂志上的一项新研究表明，一种新的人工智能机器学习系统（AI）可以利用时间和天气数据成功预测心脏骤停的风险。）可知，本文的写作目的是介绍一种可以用来预测心脏骤停风险的人工智能机器学习系统。选项C与文意相符，故选C。Fromgrowingcereals(谷物)thousandsofyearsagototheattractiveanddecorativegardensoftoday,thenatureofgardenshaschangedwithnumerousculturalandhistoriceventsovertime.Recently,agroupof32MichiganMasterGardenersandMichiganStateUniversityemployeestouredsomeofthemostfamousgardensinthecountriesofFranceandMaltaonastudytrip,observingtheprogressofgardeningandhowcultureandhistoricaleventsshapedgardendesign.Forexample,thepurposeofthegardenattheChateauofVersaillesinParis,France,wasprimarilytodemonstratethewealthoftheroyaltyatthetimeaswellastechnologicalinnovation.TheChateauwasfirstbuiltjustasahuntinghousebyLouisXIIIin1623.However,LouisXIVexpandedVersaillestocreatearoyalresidencewheretheroyalcourtcouldgatherduringthemid-1600s.Thegardenwasdesignedbythefamouslandscapearchitect,AndreLeNotreduring1660to1680.Giverny,asmallvillageonly75milesfromthenorthwestcoastofFranceontheEnglishChannel,wasahaven(乐土)forimpressionistartistsduringthelate1800s.ItwasremovedfromthecityofParisandwasmostnotablyhometoClaudeMonetandhisgarden.Monetdevelopedthegardensoverthecourseofhiscareertobehisoutdoorstudio.Forhim,hisgardenwasapassionandtheromanticlandscapewasonetobepaintedoverandoverfromanewangleorwithdifferentlighting.DuringWorldWarIandWorldWarII,peopleintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworldplanted“VictoryGardens”.Thesevegetable,fruitandherbgardensprovidedprivatecitizenswithnutritionduringtimesofwarandhelpedfreeupadditionalresourcesforthesoldiers.Thesegardensdemonstratedtheirloveforthecountryandprovidedtheownerswithasenseofach1evementinuncertaintimes.Throughouttime,gardensnotonlyreflecttheindividualownerorcreator,butarealsoaphotographofthehistoricaleventsandcultureofthetime.Whatwillyourgardensayaboutyou?12．WhatwasthegoalofconstructingtheChateauofVersailles?A．Toshowroyalpower. B．Toserveasacourt.C．Toshelterlocalhunters. D．Tohonoranarchitect.13．WhyisGivernysoappealingtoimpressionistartists?A．Itisfarawayfrombigcities. B．Itisasourceofinspiration.C．Ithasfully-equippedstudios. D．Ithasgoodlightingfacilities.14．Whatisthehiddenvalueof“VictoryGardens”?A．Anappealforabalanceddiet. B．Ademonstrationofloveforpeace.C．Anexhibitionoffoodvariety. D．Asymbolofindividualcontributions.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．MostMemorableGardenArchitectsinHistoryB．LatestResearchonHiddenBenefitsofGardensC．GardensasaReflectionofHistoryandCultureD．InvaluableWisdominConstructionofGardens【答案】12．A13．B14．D15．C【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文通过具体事例说明了花园是可以作为历史事件和文化的一张照片，是可以反映历史和文化的。12．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Forexample,thepurposeofthegardenattheChateauofVersaillesinParis,France,wasprimarilytodemonstratethewealthoftheroyaltyatthetimeaswellastechnologicalinnovation.(例如，法国巴黎凡尔赛宫花园的目的，主要是展示当时皇室的财富和技术创新)”可知，法尔赛宫花园建立的目的就是彰显皇室的权力。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Giverny,asmallvillageonly75milesfromthenorthwestcoastofFranceontheEnglishChannel,wasahaven(乐土)forimpressionistartistsduringthelate1800s.(吉维尼，一个距离法国西北海岸75英里，英吉利海峡边的小村庄，在19世纪晚期是印象派艺术家的天堂)”及“Forhim,hisgardenwasapassionandtheromanticlandscapewasonetobepaintedoverandoverfromanewangleorwithdifferentlighting.(对他来说，他的花园是一种激情，浪漫的风景是从一个新的角度或不同的灯光一遍又一遍地描绘)”可知，Giverny对于印象画派艺术家而言是灵感的源泉。故选B。14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Thesevegetable,fruitandherbgardensprovidedprivatecitizenswithnutritionduringtimesofwarandhelpedfreeupadditionalresourcesforthesoldiers.(这些蔬菜、水果和药草园在战争期间为普通公民提供营养，并帮助士兵节省更多的资源)”及“Thesegardensdemonstratedtheirloveforthecountryandprovidedtheownerswithasenseofachievementinuncertaintimes.(这些花园显示了他们对乡村的热爱，并在不确定的时期为业主提供了一种成就感)”可推知，VictoryGardens的建立，对于建立者而言，不仅彰显了他们对乡村的热爱，也为业主提供了一种成就感。故选D。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Fromgrowingcereals(谷物)thousandsofyearsagototheattractiveanddecorativegardensoftoday,thenatureofgardenshaschangedwithnumerousculturalandhistoriceventsovertime.(从几千年前种植谷物，到今天美丽的花园，随着时间的推移，花园的性质已经随着许多文化和历史事件而改变)”和最后一段“Throughouttime,gardensnotonlyreflecttheindividualownerorcreator,butarealsoaphotographofthehistoricaleventsandcultureofthetime.(一直以来，花园不仅反映了个人的所有者或创造者，而且也是当时历史事件和文化的一张照片)”同时结合文章中对ChateauofVersailles，Giverny和VictoryGardens几个花园的意义描述，可推知，本文主要通过举例说明花园是可以作为历史事件和文化的一张照片，是可以反映历史和文化的。故选C。二、七选五Asastudent,youmaynotknowtherightwaytoapproachtheteacherorevenwhattosay.16．However,ifyouusethefollowingstrategies,youcanaskateacherforhelpmoreeasily.17．Whenpossible,trytofigureoutthesolutiontoyourproblemonyourownbeforeyouaskyourteacherforhelp.Teacherslikeitwhenstudentstrytosolveproblemsbeforeaskingforhelp.Itshowsindependence.Bebrave18．Thetruthis,notaskingforhelpisusuallyworsebecauseyoudon’tgetthehelpyouneed.Ifyou’vetriedtosolveproblemsbutstillneedhelp,thenbebraveandaskyourteacher.Takeadeepbreathandremindyourselfthataskingyourteacherforhelpisamaturethingtodo.Saytoyourself,“AskingforhelpmeansI’mmature.19．”Youcanalsoremindyourself,“There’sprobablysomeoneelsewhohasthesamequestion,butisafraidtoask.SoI’llbebraveandask.”Getyourteacher’sattentiontherightway.Yelling“Ineedhelp"orjustblurtingout（脱口而出）yourquestionwhileyourteacheristalkingisnotthebestwaytogettheirattention.Yourteacherhasprobablyletyouknowhowyoushouldgettheirattentionwhenyouneedhelp.Raiseyourhandorusethesignalyourteachertaughtyouforgettingtheirattention.Sometimesyoumayneedtoapproachyourteachertogettheirattention.20．Tellyourteacherwhatyouneedhelpwith.Teachersknowalotofthings,andsometimesitseemsthattheycanreadyourmind.Youjustneedtoletthemknowexactlywhatyouneedhelpwith.A．Listentotheresponsecarefully.B．Trytosolvetheproblembyyourselffirst.C．Askmorequestionsifyouhaveproblems.D．It’swhatIshoulddowhenIdon’tunderstand.E.Anyway,politelysay“Excuseme”whendoingso.F.Itcansometimesbedifficulttoaskateacherforhelp.G.Peopleoftenwon’taskforhelpbecausetheyareafraidtheywilllookstupid.【答案】16．F17．B18．G19．D20．E【分析】本文是一篇说明文。有问题向老师求助该怎么做？是否会感觉到难堪或者不好意思？文章给出了如何向老师求助的方法。【详解】1.根据前文“youmaynotknowtherightwaytoapproachtheteacherorevenwhattosay”（你可能不知道接近老师的正确方式或者甚至不知道说什么）后文“However,ifyouusethefollowingstrategies,youcanaskateacherforhelpmoreeasily.”（然而，如果你使用以下策略，你可以更容易地向老师寻求帮助。）可推断，空白处的内容应为承接上文内容，即：不知道如何接近老师或者给老师说什么，带来的结果就是要向老师求助会变得很难。选项F.“Itcansometimesbedifficulttoaskateacherforhelp.”（有时候向老师求助会有些困难）符合文意，故选F。2.根据前文“However,ifyouusethefollowingstrategies,youcanaskateacherforhelpmoreeasily.”（然而，如果你使用以下策略，你可以更容易地向老师寻求帮助。）可推知，作为承接上文的句子，此处应该是提出提一条建议。结合下文“Teacherslikeitwhenstudentstrytosolveproblemsbeforeaskingforhelp.”（老师喜欢学生在求助前先尝试自己解决问题。）所以空白处的内容可以为向老师求助前先尝试解决问题。选项B与文意相符，故选B。3.根据前文“Bebrave”（要勇敢）后文“Thetruthis,notaskingforhelpisusuallyworse.”（真相是，不求助通常更糟。）可知，只有勇敢，就可以求助解决问题，相反不求助通常更糟。可推知空白处将讲述的是不要因为害怕而不敢求助。选项G与文意相符，故选G。4.根据后文“Youcanalsoremindyourself,“There’sprobablysomeoneelsewhohasthesamequestion,butisafraidtoask.SoI’llbebraveandask.””（你也可以提醒自己“也许有人也有同样的问题，但却不敢问。所以我会勇敢地问”）此处作者提到了自己在提问时的方法，所以前文空白处应引出作者自己的做法。选项D.“It’swhatIshoulddowhenIdon’tunderstand.”（这就是当我不明白的时候我做的方法。）符合题意，故选D。5.根据前文“Sometimesyoumayneedtoapproachyourteachertogettheirattention.”（有时候你需要接近你的老师来引起他们的关注。）可知，此处应该指的是当你需要接近老师时，需要做什么。选项E.“Anyway,politelysay“Excuseme”whendoingso.”（不管怎样，当这样做的时候要礼貌地说“对不起”。）与文意相符，故选E。三、完形填空SakinaHalalGrillisaWashingtonrestaurantknownforitsgenerosity.However,ithasbeenabletogetthroughtheCOVID-19pandemic(流行病)becauseofotherpeople’s21.Likemanysmallbusinesses,SakinaHalalGrillwas22hardbythepandemic.Therestauranthadto23severaltimes,butwhenitreopened,businesswasslow.Infact,businesswassoslowthatownerKaziMannanwasn’tableto24therentontherestaurantandthe25ofhisemployees.ButMannanandhisemployeesweren’ttheonlyoneswhowere26.SakinaHalalGrillhadalways27freemealstohomelesspeople.ButwhenSakinaHalalGrillwasstruggling28,Mannanhadtomakethe29decisiontostophandingoutmealsforfree.“Myheart30indoingso,butthemissionoffeedinganotherhumanbeingwhocan’t31amealisalwaysclosetomyheart,”saidMannan.Luckily,afriendassistedMannantosetupaGoFundMepagetoaskforhelp.Within24hours,Mannan32muchmoneyfrompeopleallovertheworld.“Iamvery33,”saidMannan.“Peopleareangels;theyunderstoodmypainand34me.”Withthesemoney,hecouldrehiresomestaffsandregainthe35tocontinuehismissiontohelpothers.21．A．kindness B．visits C．advice D．influence22．A．divided B．treated C．hit D．destroyed23．A．move B．extend C．shift D．close24．A．contribute B．claim C．collect D．pay25．A．wages B．debts C．meals D．bonus26．A．fired B．affected C．praised D．supported27．A．brokedown B．calledfor C．givenaway D．subscribedto28．A．physically B．financially C．psychologically D．technologically29．A．tough B．smart C．immediate D．cautious30．A．melts B．beats C．aches D．sinks31．A．serve B．prepare C．order D．afford32．A．raised B．borrowed C．saved D．donated33．A．surprised B．stressed C．touched D．depressed34．A．owed B．accepted C．appreciated D．rescued35．A．arrangement B．opportunity C．urge D．advantage【答案】21．A22．C23．D24．D25．A26．B27．C28．B29．A30．C31．D32．A33．C34．D35．B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了华盛顿的一家以帮助无家可归的人而闻名的餐馆在疫情期间遭遇困境，最终在其他人的热心帮助下走出困境的故事。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在其他人的热心帮下，它才能够得以度过疫情期间的难关。A.kindness热心；B.visits拜访；C.advice建议；D.influence影响。根据最后一段可以看到“Luckily,afriendassistedMannantosetupaGoFundMepagetoaskforhelp.Within24hours,Mannan12muchmoneyfrompeopleallovertheworld.”可知，此处是在其他人的热心帮助下它得以渡过难关。故选择A项。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像许多的小企业一样SakinaHalalGrill也受到了疫情的严重打击。A.divided划分；B.treated对待；C.hit击打；D.destroyed毁坏。根据下文“Therestauranthadto___3___severaltimes,butwhenitreopened,businesswasslow.”可知，SakinaHalalGrill也受到了疫情的严重打击。故选择C项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：餐馆不得不关门好几次，但当它重新开张时，生意却很清淡。A.move移动；B.extend扩大；C.shift转移；D.close关闭。根据空后“butwhenitreopened”可知，餐馆关闭了几次。故选择D项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，生意如此不景气，以至于餐馆老板卡兹·曼南连餐馆的租金和员工的工资都付不起。A.contribute贡献；B.claim声明；C.collect收集；D.pay支付。根据空后“therentontherestaurant”可知，应为支付餐厅的租金。故选择D项。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.wages工资；B.debts债务；C.meals餐饭；D.bonus津贴。根据空后“ofhisemployees”可知，此处是支付员工的工资。故选择A项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但曼南和他的员工并不是唯一受到影响的人。A.fired解雇；B.affected影响；C.praised赞美；D.supported支持。根据上文“Likemanysmallbusinesses,SakinaHalalGrillwas___2___hardbythepandemic.”可知，此处指的是疫情的影响。故选择B项。27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：SakinaHalalGrill一直向无家可归的人免费提供食物。A.brokedown打破；B.calledfor呼吁；C.givenaway赠送；D.subscribedto认购，签署。根据空后“thehomeless”和下文中“Mannanhadtomakethe___9___decisiontostophandingoutmealsforfree.”可知，曼南必须要做出艰难的决定，那就是停止分发免费的食物。此处与handout相呼应。故选择C项。28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但SakinaHalalGrill陷入财政困境时，曼南不得不做出艰难的决定，停止免费提供食物。A.physically身体上；B.financially经济上；C.psychologically心理上地；D.technologically科技上地。根据上文“Infact,businesswassoslowthatownerKaziMannanwasn’tableto___4___therentontherestaurantandthe___5___ofhisemployees.”可知，SakinaHalalGrill遇到的是经济上的困难。故选择B项。29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.tough艰难的；B.smart聪明的；C.immediate立刻的；D.cautious谨慎的。根据下文“Myheart___10___indoingso,butthemissionoffeedinganotherhumanbeingwhocan’t___11___amealisalwaysclosetomyheart”可知，他这样做他很心痛，他永远会把帮助那些饭的人的使命记在心中。由此可知，这个决定很艰难。故选择A项。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这样做我很心痛，但为另一个吃不起饭的人提供食物的使命一直是我最关心的，”曼南说。A.melts融化；B.beats跳动；C.aches疼痛；D.sinks下沉。根据下文“butthemissionoffeedinganotherhumanbeingwhocan’t___11___amealisalwaysclosetomyheart”可知，他一直把帮助那些吃不上饭的人当做使命。由此可知，做这个决定让他心痛。故选择C项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.serve服务；B.prepare准备；C.order点单；D.afford买得起。根据上文中“SakinaHalalGrillhadalways___7___freemealstohomelesspeople.”可知，SakinaHalalGrill一直在给无家可归的人免费赠送食物，此处是帮助那些买不起饭的人。故选择D项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在24小时内，曼南从世界各地的人们那里筹集了大量资金。A.raised筹集；B.borrowed借；C.saved节省；D.donated捐赠。根据上文“Luckily,afriendassistedMannantosetupaGoFundMepagetoaskforhelp.”可知，他的朋友帮助他在网络上筹集资金寻求帮助。由此可知，现在是筹集到了资金。故选择A项。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我非常的感动，”曼南说。A.surprised吃惊的；B.stressed有压力的；C.touched感动的；D.depressed沮丧的。根据下文“Peopleareangels;theyunderstoodmypainand___14___me.”可知，他对于得到的帮助是非常感动的。故选择C项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们都是天使；他们理解我的痛苦，并且拯救了我。A.owed亏欠；B.accepted接受；C.appreciated感激；D.rescued拯救。根据上文“peopleareangels”可知，此处应为拯救。故选择D项。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了这些钱，他可以重新雇用一些员工，重新获得机会继续他的使命，帮助别人。A.arrangement安排；B.opportunity机会；C.urge冲动；D.advantage有利条件。根据上文“Mannanhadtomakethe___9___decisiontostophandingoutmealsforfree.”可知，曼南必须要做出艰难的决定，那就是停止分发免费的食物。由此可知，有了钱他有了重新帮助他人的机会。故选择B项。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheMogaoCavesareremoteinDunhuangCity,GansuProvince.They,36．(locate)intheGobiDesert,aremostfamousfortheirgrandfrescoes(壁画).Dunhuang,37．itsexotic(奇异的)namesuggests,representsafascinatingdreamoftheromanceoftheancientSilkRoad.Asacitywith38．(few)than200,000regularresidents,Dunhuangattractedmorethan13milliontouristsin2020.Itis39．(undoubted)apopulardestination.PersistencemaybeakeywordforthosestaffmembersworkingtoprotecttheMogaoCaves.Manyofthem40．(display)the“MogaoSpirit”indifferentaspectsoverthepastdecades,restoringthefrescoesandgrowinggrassthatslowsdownsanderosioninthecaves.GloryIsBlack,41．realityshow,featuresthepresentandpastofGansuProvince’scityofDunhuang,theGobiDesert,theMogaoCaves,aswellas42．(it)people.Fromtheshow,viewersbegantolearnandunderstand43．historymeanttothedevelopmentofacity,andhowitdeeplyinfluencedthelocalpeople.Therealityshowaimstoexplainthecavesineasily44．(understand)ways,coveringarangeofaspects,suchasflyingapsaras,herosagasandtheprecioushistoricalmanuscripts.It’slikeplantingaseedof45．(curious)amongthoseyoungpeoplewhohaveneverbeentoDunhuang.【答案】36．located37．as38．fewer39．undoubtedly40．havedisplayed41．a42．its43．what44．understandable45．curiosity【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述莫高窟的地理位置，人口，历史，文化和以莫高窟为题材的一档真人秀节目。36．考查固定搭配。句意：它们位于戈壁沙漠，以其宏伟的壁画而闻名。短语belocatedin，意为“位于”，设空处为非谓语动词作状语，应省略be，故填located。37．考查定语从句。句意：敦煌，顾名思义，代表了古代丝绸之路浪漫的迷人梦想。分析可知，___2___itsexotic(奇异的)namesuggests为非限制性定从句，从句中缺少宾语，意为“正如”，故填as。38．考查形容词。句意：作为一个常住人口不到20万的城市，敦煌在2020年吸引了1300多万游客。分析句子可知，设空处后面有than，应用形容词的比较级形式，故填fewer。39．考查副词。句意：这无疑是一个受欢迎的目的地。分析句子可知，设空处修饰谓语，应用副词形式，故填undoubtedly。40．考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，他们中的许多人都在不同的方面展示了“莫高窟精神”，他们修复了壁画，种植了青草，减缓了洞穴里的沙子侵蚀。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据时间状语overthepastdecades，可知和现在完成时连用，主语是Manyofthem，谓语用复数，故填havedisplayed。41．考查冠词。句意：真人秀节目《GloryIsBlack》讲述了甘肃省敦煌市、戈壁沙漠、莫高窟及其人民的现在和过去。分析可知，设空处修饰可数名词show，表泛指，应用不定冠词，reality以辅音音素开头，故填a。42．考查代词。句意：同上。分析可知，设空处修饰名词people，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。43．考查宾语从句。句意：从节目中，观众开始了解和理解历史对一个城市的发展意味着什么，以及它是如何深刻地影响了当地人民。分析句子可知，___8___historymeanttothedevelopmentofacity为宾语从句，设空处在从句中作宾语，意为“什么”，故填what。44．考查形容词。句意：真人秀旨在用容易理解的方式解释这些洞穴，涵盖了一