吉林专升本试题及答案

吉林专升本试题及答案词汇与语法（每题1分，共20分）1.Theteacherdemandedthatthestudents____theirpapersby5o'clock.A.finishB.finishedC.wouldfinishD.hadfinished答案：A。在demand等表示“要求、命令、建议”的动词后的宾语从句中，要用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。2.____isknowntousall,theearthmovesaroundthesun.A.ThatB.WhatC.AsD.It答案：C。as引导非限定性定语从句，可置于句首，意为“正如”。3.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho____awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen答案：D。当“oneof+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，若one前有theonly等修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。且根据forthreeyears可知用现在完成时。4.____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesn'tseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared答案：D。句子主语thebiggestocean与compare是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。5.Itwasnotuntilmidnight____theyreachedthecampsite.A.thatB.whenC.whileD.as答案：A。这是一个强调句结构“Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分”，这里强调的是时间状语notuntilmidnight。6.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe____nothingwrongand____free.A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.haddone;mustbeset答案：B。insisted表示“坚持认为”时，从句用陈述语气；表示“坚决要求”时，从句用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可省略。这里第一个空用过去完成时，第二个空用虚拟语气。7.____youareleavingtomorrow,wecanhavedinnertogethertonight.A.ForB.SinceC.BeforeD.While答案：B。since表示“既然”，引导原因状语从句。8.Idon'tthinkitadvisablethatTom____tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A.isassignedB.willbeassignedC.beassignedD.hasbeenassigned答案：C。在advisable等形容词后的主语从句中，要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should可省略。9.Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce____witheachother.A.theyhadquarreledB.theyhavequarreledC.havetheyquarreledD.hadtheyquarreled答案：C。否定词neveronce位于句首，句子要用部分倒装，且根据语境用现在完成时。10.____thetemperaturefallingsorapidly,wecouldn'tgoonwiththeexperiment.A.SinceB.ForC.AsD.With答案：D。with+宾语+宾语补足语，构成with复合结构，在句中作原因状语。11.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds____hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase答案：D。“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构，这里basehisargumentsonthegrounds，所以用onwhichtobase。12.Thehouseneeds____,buttheyplantowaituntilnextspringtodoit.A.paintB.topaintC.paintingD.beingpainted答案：C。needdoing表示“需要被做”，相当于needtobedone。13.Notonly____pollutedbut____crowded.A.wasthecity;werethestreetsB.thecitywas;werethestreetsC.wasthecity;thestreetswereD.thecitywas;thestreetswere答案：C。notonly...butalso...连接两个句子时，notonly后的句子要部分倒装，butalso后的句子不倒装。14.Itwasbecauseofbadweather____thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that答案：D。这是一个强调句，强调原因状语becauseofbadweather。15.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but____didn'thelp.A.itB.sheC.whichD.he答案：A。这里it指代前面整个句子，即医生建议Vera度假这件事。16.____heworkshard,Idon'tmindwhenhefinishestheexperiment.A.AssoonasB.AswellasC.SofarasD.Aslongas答案：D。aslongas表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句。17.Thenumberofthepeoplewho____cars____increasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are答案：C。第一个空who引导定语从句，修饰先行词thepeople，谓语动词用复数own；第二个空thenumberof...作主语，谓语动词用单数is。18.We'llhavetofinishthejob,____.A.longittakeshoweverB.ittakeshoweverlongC.longhoweverittakesD.howeverlongittakes答案：D。however引导让步状语从句，结构为“however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”。19.Thequestion____atthemeetingtomorrowisveryimportant.A.todiscussB.beingdiscussedC.tobediscussedD.willbediscussed答案：C。根据tomorrow可知，这里表示将来要被讨论的问题，用不定式的被动形式tobediscussed作后置定语。20.Ican'tstand____withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses____talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop答案：C。standdoingsth.表示“忍受做某事”；refusetodosth.表示“拒绝做某事”。阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Passage1Manypeoplebelievethattheglarefromsnowcausessnowblindness.Yet,darkglassesornot,theyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyes,andevensnowblindness,whenexposedtoseveralhoursof“snowlight”.TheUnitedStatesArmyhasnowdeterminedthatglarefromsnowdoesnotcausesnowblindnessintroopsinasnowcoveredcountry.Rather,aman’seyesfrequentlyfindnothingtofocusoninabroadexpanseofbarrensnowcoveredterrain.Sohisgazecontinuallyshiftsandjumpsbackandforthovertheentirelandscapeinsearchofsomethingtolookat.Findingnothing,hourafterhour,theeyesneverstopsearchingandtheeyeballsbecomesoreandtheeyemusclesache.Natureoffsetsthisirritationbyproducingmoreandmorefluidwhichcoverstheeyeball.Thefluidcoverstheeyeballinincreasingquantityuntilvisionblurs,thenisobscured,andtheresultistotal,eventhoughtemporary,snowblindness.ExperimentsledtheArmytoasimplemethodofovercomingthisproblem.Scoutsaheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushes,creatingadottedlineastheycrosscompletelysnowcoveredlandscape.Eventhescoutsthemselvesthrowlightweight,darkcoloredobjectsaheadonwhichtheytoocanfocus.Themenfollowingcanthenseesomething.Theirgazeisarrested.Theireyesfocusonabushandhavingfoundsomethingtosee,stopscouringthesnowblanketedlandscape.Byfocusingtheirattentionononeobjectatatime,themencancrossthesnowwithoutbecominghopelesslysnowblindorlost.Inthiswaytheproblemofcrossingasolidwhiteterrainisovercome.1.Topreventheadaches,wateringeyesandblindnesscausedbytheglarefromsnow,darkglassesare____.A.indispensableB.usefulC.ineffectiveD.available答案：C。根据第一段“Yet,darkglassesornot,theyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyes,andevensnowblindness”可知，戴不戴墨镜都会出现这些症状，说明墨镜是无效的。2.Whentheeyesaresore,tearsareproducedto____.A.balancethepainB.treatsnowblindnessC.clearthevisionD.loosenthemuscles答案：A。根据第二段“Natureoffsetsthisirritationbyproducingmoreandmorefluidwhichcoverstheeyeball”可知，产生眼泪是为了缓解眼睛的疼痛。3.Snowblindnessmaybeavoidedby____.A.concentratingonthesolidwhiteterrainB.searchingforsomethingtolookatinsnowcoveredterrainC.providingtheeyeswithsomethingtofocusonD.coveringtheeyeballswithmoreandmorefluid答案：C。根据文章内容，避免雪盲的方法是让眼睛有东西可以聚焦，C选项正确。4.Thescoutsshakesnowfromevergreenbushesinorderto____.A.givethemenbehindsomethingtoseeB.beautifythelandscapeC.warmthemselvesinthecoldD.preventthemenbehindfromlosingtheirway答案：A。根据第三段“Scoutsaheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushes,creatingadottedlineastheycrosscompletelysnowcoveredlandscape.Themenfollowingcanthenseesomething”可知，侦察兵这样做是为了让后面的人有东西可看。5.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe____.A.SnowblindnessandHowtoOvercomeItB.Nature’sCureforSnowblindnessC.SoldiersintheSnowD.SnowVision答案：A。文章主要讲述了雪盲的原因以及如何克服雪盲，A选项最能概括文章主旨。Passage2Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofallhumanillnessesarerelatedtodietandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.Differentculturesaremorepronetocontractcertainillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,governmentresearchersrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditives,causedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimessimilardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposes,butforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.AlthoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.6.Howhassciencedoneadisservicetomankind?A.Becauseofscience,diseasecausedbycontaminatedfoodhasbeenvirtuallyeliminated.B.Ithascausedalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.C.Asaresultofscientificintervention,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshavebeenaddedtofood.D.Thescientistshavepreservedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.答案：C。根据第一段“Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat”以及后面提到的食品添加剂等内容可知，科学干预使得一些潜在有害的物质被添加到了食物中。7.Whatarenitratesusedfor?A.Theypreserveflavorinpackagedfoods.B.Theypreservethecolorofmeats.C.Theyaretheobjectsofresearch.D.Theycausetheanimalstobecomefatter.答案：B。根据第一段“governmentresearchersrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats”可知，硝酸盐用于保持肉类的颜色。8.Theword“carcinogenic”mostnearlymeans____.A.troublemakingB.colorretainingC.moneymakingD.cancercausing答案：D。根据前文提到硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐会致癌，所以这里“carcinogenic”指致癌的。9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Drugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreasons.B.Someoftheadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditselfandsomearegiventothelivinganimals.C.Researchershaveknownaboutthepotentialhazardsoffoodadditivesforoverthirtyfiveyears.D.Foodmaycausefortypercentofcancerintheworld.答案：A。根据“Sometimessimilardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposes,butforfinancialreasons”可知，药物并不总是因为医疗原因给动物使用的。10.TheFDAhastriedtocontrol____.A.theattempttofattentheanimalsB.thepracticeofaddingharmfulsubstancestofoodC.theprocessofpreservingfoodD.alloftheabove答案：D。FDA试图控制给动物用药催肥、往食物中添加有害物质以及食品保存过程等问题，所以选D。写作（30分）题目：MyHobbies要求：1.阐述自己的爱好。2.说明爱好带来的益处。3.词数120150左右。参考范文MyHobbiesEveryonehashisorherownhobbies.Asforme,Ihaveseveralhobbiesthatbringmegreatjoyandbenefits.Oneofmyfavoritehobbiesisreading.Ilovetolosemyselfindifferentkindsofbooks,suchasnovels,historybooksandsciencemagazines.Readingbroadensmyvisionandenrichesmyknowledge.Itallowsmetotravelthroughtimeandspace,experiencedifferentculturesandunderstandtheworldfromvariousperspectives.Inaddition,Iamalsokeenonplayingbasketball.Playingbasketballisnotonlyagoodwaytokeepfit,butalsohelpsmedevelopteamworkspirit.WhenIplaywithmyfriendsonthecourt,weneedtocooperatewitheachothertowinthegame.Thisexperiencehastaughtmetheimportanceofcommunicationandcooperation.Anotherhobbyofmineispainting.Itisaformofselfexpressionforme.Throughpainting,Icanshowmyemotionsandideasonthecanvas.Italsohelpsmerelaxandrelievestressafteralongdaystudy.Inconclusion,myhobbiesplayanimportantroleinmylife.Theymakemylifemorecolorfulandmeaningful,andhelpmegrowbothmentallyandphysically.专业基础（以计算机专业为例）单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.计算机能直接识别和执行的语言是（）A.机器语言B.高级语言C.汇编语言D.数据库语言答案：A。机器语言是计算机能直接识别和执行的语言。2.操作系统的主要功能是（）A.实现软、硬件转换B.管理系统所有的软、硬件资源C.把源程序转换为目标程序D.进行数据处理答案：B。操作系统的主要功能是管理系统的软硬件资源。3.下列数据结构中，属于非线性结构的是（）A.队列B.栈C.二叉树D.线性表答案：C。二叉树是非线性结构，队列、栈和线性表是线性结构。4.数据库系统的核心是（）A.数据库B.数据库管理系统C.数据模型D.软件工具答案：B。数据库管理系统是数据库系统的核心。5.计算机网络最突出的优点是（）A.精度高B.运算速度快C.存储容量大D.资源共享答案：D。计算机网络最突出的优点是资源共享。6.算法的时间复杂度是指（）A.执行算法程序所需要的时间B.算法程序的长度C.算法执行过程中所需要的基本运算次数D.算法程序中的指令条数答案：C。算法的时间复杂度是指算法执行过程中所需要的基本运算次数。7.用树形结构来表示实体之间联系的模型称为（）A.关系模型B.层次模型C.网状模型D.数据模型答案：B。层次模型用树形结构表示实体之间的联系。8.下列软件中，属于系统软件的是（）A.用C语言编写的求解一元二次方程的程序B.Windows操作系统C.用汇编语言编写的一个练习程序D.工资