名校好题期中练手卷（一）原卷版

高一下期中复习名校好题练手卷（一）原卷版第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWestbourneHouseoffersamorningschooltransportservicefromMondaytoFriday.RoutesBasedontheinterestreceivedfromparents,wearerunningthreeminibusroutes:Midhurst,PetworthandtheWitterings.Theinterestreceivedforeachoftheselocationswasreasonablyspreadout.Wehavethereforeincludedpick-uppointstoaccommodateasmanyfamiliesaspossiblewhiletryingtokeepthetimeofthejourneyatareasonablelength.Thepick-uppointsalongtherouteareasfollows:MidhurstArea7.35a.m.Midhurst7.50a.m.SingletonPetworthArea7.30a.m.BallsCross7.35a.m.Petworth7.45a.m.DunctonTheWitterings7.35a.m.EastWittering7.39a.m.WestWittering7.45a.m.ShiptonGreen7.50a.m.BirdhamReserveaminibusseatWestillhaveseatsavailableoneachoftheroutes.Therefore,pleasecompletetheminibusreservationformtoconfirmyourplace/s.Seatswillbeavailableona“firstcomefirstserved”basis.FeesTheminibusservicewillbeofferedatapriceof£160pertermperchild.A5%discountisofferedforasecondchildofthefamily.AdditionalInformationAgeofChildrenChildrenmustbeatleast5yearsoldtousetheminibusservice.RunningLateorAbsentTheminibusesareonastricttimetabletoarriveateachpick-upspotontime.Toensurethechildrenarriveatschoolontime,theminibuseswillnotbeabletowaitforanylatearrivals.Ifchildrenmissthebus,itistheparents’responsibilitytoprovidetransportationandgetthemtoschool.Ifyouknowyouwillnotbetakingthebusoneday,weaskthatyoupleasesendatextmessagetoyourdriver.1．WhenandwherecanakidcatchtheminibusinPetworthArea?A．7.35a.m.Midhurst. B．7.39a.m.WestWittering.C．7.45a.m.Duncton. D．7.50a.m.Birdham.2．Iftwobrotherstaketheminibusforoneterm,howmuchshouldtheypay?A．£320 B．£312 C．£304 D．£2403．Whatshouldaboydoifhemissestheminibus?A．Waitforthenextone. B．Calltheschoolforhelp.C．Sendamessagetothebusdriver. D．Askhisparenttosendhimtoschool.BGabrielaworkedforamultinationalcompanyasasuccessfulprojectmanagerinBrazil.LatershewastransferredtomanageateaminSweden.Shewasexcitedabouthernewrolebutsoonrealizedthatmanaginghernewteamwouldbeachallenge.Despitetheirfriendliness,Gabrieladidn’tfeelrespectedasaleader.Hernewstaffwouldquestionherproposalsopenlyinmeetings,andwhenshegavetheminstructionsonhowtocarryoutatask,theywouldoftengoaboutitintheirownwaywithoutcheckingwithher.Whensheannouncedherdecisionsontheproject,theywouldcontinuegivingtheiropinionsasifitwasstillupfordiscussion.WhatGabrielawasexperiencingwasacultureshockinexpectations.DutchpsychologistGeertHofstedeusestheconceptof“powerdistance”todescribehowpowerisdistributed(分布)indifferentcultures.Inherpreviousworkenvironment,Gabrielawasusedtoahighpowerdistanceculturewherepowerisrespected.Insuchaculture,leadersmakethebigdecisionsandarenotoftenchallenged.HerSwedishteam,however,wereusedtoworkinginalowpowerdistanceculturewhereemployeesoftenworktogetherwiththeirbossestofindsolutionsandmakedecisions.Here,leadersactascoacheswhoencourageindependentthoughtandexpecttobechallenged.WhenGabrielabecameawareoftheculturaldifferencesbetweenherandherteam,shehadanopenconversationwiththemabouttheirfeelingsaboutherleadership.Pleasedtobeaskedfortheirthoughts,Gabriela’steamopenlyexpressedthattheywerenotusedtobeingtoldwhattodo.Theyenjoyedhavingmoreroomforinitiativeandcreativefreedom.Whenshetoldherteamexactlywhatsheneededthemtodo,theyfeltthatshedidn’ttrustthemtodotheirjobwell.Withabetterunderstandingoftheunderlyingreasonsbehindeachother’sbehaviour,Gabrielawasabletomakeadjustmentstohermanagementstyle.Finally,sheeffectivelymotivatedherteamtoachievetheirgoals.4．WhatproblemdidGabrielahavewithherSwedishteamatthebeginning?A．HerauthoritywaschallengedbyherSwedishstaff.B．Theywerealwaysrefusingtofollowherdirections.C．HerSwedishstaffdidn’tunderstandherinstructions.D．Theylookeddownuponherbecauseshewasafemale.5．WhatisencouragedintheworkingcultureinSweden?A．Independentthinkingandmildcharacter.B．Activeparticipationandcreativethinking.C．Professionalspiritandrisk-takingbehavior.D．Competitivespiritandmildcharacter.6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGabriela?A．Bossyandrude. B．Strictbuttrustworthy.C．Kingbutstubborn. D．Flexibleandcommunicative.7．WhatcanwelearnfromGabriela’sstory?A．Twoheadsarebetterthanone. B．Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.C．Birdsofafeatherflocktogether. D．WheninRome,doasRomansdo.CPlastic-EatingWormsHumansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms’chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms’stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.＂Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,＂sheexplains,＂Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.＂JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam’sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂8．Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?A．Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.B．Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.C．Theycanconsumeplastics.D．Theywindupinlandfills.9．AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.A．identifyothermeansofthebreakdownB．findoutthesourceoftheenzymeC．confirmtheresearchfindingsD．increasethebreakdownspeed10．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.A．helptoraisewormsB．helpmakeplasticbagsC．beusedtocleantheoceansD．beproducedinfactoriesinfuture11．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toexplainastudymethodonworms.B．Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C．Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.D．Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.DPeanutsareamongthemostpopularsnackfoodsintheUnitedStates,butabout2percentofU.S.schoolchildrenhaveanallergic(过敏的)reactiontothem.A2015BritishstudymightbringhopetotheAmericanparentswhoareconcernedabouttheirkid’sallergytopeanuts.Peopleallergictopeanutscandevelopskinconditionsorwateryeyes.Childrenwithapeanutallergycandevelopaskinconditioncalledeczema.Somereactionsaresoseriousthattheycanresultindeath.Sofar,doctorshaveadvisedparentsnottoservepeanut-containingfoodstochildrenundertheageof3.Butastudypublishedin2015inBritainfoundthatfeedingchildrenpeanutsearliermighthelptosolvetheproblem.AnthonyFauci,headofAmerica’sNationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDiseases,notesthatinIsrael,peoplehaveatraditionoffeedingpeanutstobabiesandsaysthepercentageofIsraelichildrenwithapeanutallergyismuchlowerthantherateamongJewishchildrenlivinginEngland.“InIsrael,thereisacustomoffeedingpeanut-basedfoodstobabieswithinthefirstfewmonthsoflife,andtherateofpeanutallergydroppedbyover80%amongtheIsraelikidscomparedtothoseJewishchildrenlivinginEngland.”Dr.Faucisaysthisfindingisveryimportant.Itmeansthatbabieshaveanaturalmechanism(机制)thatcanbetrainedtoreactpositivelytopeanuts,whichmayturnoffasthebabyreachestheageof1.HesaysateamofexpertshaveagreedonnewguidelinesforU.S.doctorswhodealwithchildren’sallergies.Faucicallsgivingchildrenpeanutsawayof“challenging”theirbodies.“Ifthechildhasahistoryofseriouseczema,youshouldbringthechildtodoaskintestorabloodtesttodetermineifthechildhasanallergytopeanuts.Iftheydo,youshouldrefrainfromchallengingthatchild.Iftheydon’t,itwouldbesafetofeedthempeanutswhentheyarebabiesat4to6monthsold.”12．Whatmightbetheworstresultofallergicreactiontopeanuts?A．Wateryeyes. B．Seriouseczema. C．Death. D．Skincancer.13．WhatdoesAnthonyFaucisayaboutpeanutallergy?A．Babies’mechanismcanbetrainedtoreactactivelytopeanuts.B．Feedingbabiespeanutsearliermightincreasetherateofallergy.C．JewishchildreninEnglandarelesslikelytobeallergictopeanuts.D．Askintestisnotnecessaryforachildwithahistoryofseriouseczema.14．Whichoneisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedphrase“refrainfrom”inParagraph5?A．Risk. B．Continue. C．Keep. D．Avoid.15．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．SayNOtoProductsContainingPeanuts B．FeedingPeanutstoChildrenEarlyHelpsC．PeanutAllergyThreatensChildren’sHealth D．GuidanceonDealingwithChildren’sAllergies第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Schooldaysmeanhomework,studying,exams,andsocialinteractions—nottomentiongettingupearlyeverymorning.It’sunderstandableifyoudon’talwaysfeelyourhappiestgoingtoschoolduringtheweek,butit’salsosomethingyoucantotallyimprove!Followthetipsonthislisttofeelhappieronschooldays.16Focusonthegoodthingsaboutschool.Alittlepositivethinkingcangoalongwaytowardsimprovingyourmood.17Ifyou’rehavingabadday,tellyourselfthatyouonlyhavetobeinschoolforarelativelyshortperiodofyourlife.Afterthat,theskyisthelimit!18Makingotherpeoplesmilecanimproveyourownhappiness.Giveanotherstudentsomepositiveencouragement.Or,thankateacherforafunactivityoraninterestinglesson.Ifyouseesomeoneelsethatlooksliketheymightbefeelingdown,tellthemyouliketheirhairstyleorpraisetheworktheyhavedone.Trynottotakenegativityfromotherstoohard.19Trytorememberthatnobodyisperfectandthinkaboutwhatmightbegoingonintheirlivesthatmakesthemactnegativelytowardsyou.Tryyourbesttosweepawayadirtylookorabadcommentandmoveonwithyourdaynotgettingangryandupset.Seeaschoolcounselorifyoufeelreallyunhappy.Thejobofyourschoolcounseloristohelpmakeyourexperiencebetter.Stopbytheirofficeandasktotalkifyoucan’tkeepupwithschoolworkorifyoufeellikeyou’rebeingbulliedbyotherstudents.Schoolcounselorshaveaccesstoallkindsofresourcestohelpyouout.20A．Smilemoreoften.B．Dosomethingniceforsomeone.C．Maybeyou’llevenstartlookingforwardtothem!D．Ifsomeoneisn’tnicetoyouatschool,it’sprobablynotyourfault.E．Whetherinjuniorhighorseniorhigh,youmaylookforwaystomakelearningmoreenjoyable.F．Thinkaboutthebiggerpictureandhowyoureducationwillhaveapositiveimpactonyourlifeinthelongrun.G．Forexample,ifyou’restrugglinginaparticularsubject,theycansetyouupwithateachertohelpyouimprove.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheAdams’homehasbeentakenoverbyorigami(折纸艺术)inallsizesandshapes.Nooneseemsto21thatthough.Thosepapercreationsare22cleanwaterprojectsaroundtheworldandsavinglives.Amessyhomeisasmallpricetopay23.In2011,IsabelleAdamsandhersisterKatherinelearnedthateveryfivesecondsachilddiedfrom24ofcleanwaterandthatgirlsoftheiragecouldn’tgotoschool25theywerefetchingwateralldayfortheirfamilies.They26todosomething.“Sowetooksomethingthatweloveddoing－foldingorigami,withthe27goaltohelpfundawellinEthiopia,”explainsKatherine.28,theyendedupsellingoutoforigamiandraisingmorethan10,000whichcouldfully29thecostofthewell.Katherine,now13,adds,“Itjustsnowballed,30thefoundingoftheprojectPaperforWater.”Ineightyears,thisprojecthas31morethan2milliondollarsforover200waterprojectsin20differentcountries.Now,therestoftheAdamsfamilyarealso32.Butattheheartofit,undercountlesspaperdecorationssittwobravesistershopingto33othergirlsandboys.“Kidshaveanunbelievableabilitytomakeareal34totheworldifthey’rejustgiventhechance,”Isabellesays,“andifpeople35themintheirefforts.”21．A．mind B．prevent C．appreciate D．remember22．A．decorating B．rewarding C．attracting D．funding23．A．inexchange B．inturn C．inreturn D．inresponse24．A．damage B．loss C．shortage D．waste25．A．although B．because C．unless D．while26．A．proved B．determined C．happened D．demanded27．A．lifelong B．personal C．original D．achievable28．A．Obviously B．Unexpectedly C．Suddenly D．Gradually29．A．spend B．cut C．bury D．cover30．A．respondingto B．dependingon C．contributingto D．focusingon31．A．saved B．borrowed C．earned D．collected32．A．included B．praised C．recognized D．employed33．A．satisfy B．inspire C．inform D．comfort34．A．judgment B．sense C．difference D．connection35．A．support B．persuade C．welcome D．award第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。EarthDay36(found)in1970asadayofeducationaboutenvironmentalproblems,andEarthDay20occursonWednesday,April22—theholiday’s50thanniversary.Theholidayisnowaglobalcelebrationthat’ssometimesextendedintoEarthWeek,afullsevendaysof37(event)focusedongreenliving.38(elect)totheU.S.Senate（参议院）in1962,SenatorGaylordNelsonwasdeterminedtoconvincethefederalgovernmentthattheplanetwas39risk.In1969,NelsondevelopedtheideaforEarthDayafter40(inspire)bytheanti-VietnamWar“teach-ins”thatweretakingplaceoncollegecampusesaroundtheUnitedStates.DenisHayes,ayoungactivist41hadservedasstudentpresidentatStanfordUniversity,wasselectedasEarthDay’snationalcoordinator（协调者）,andheworkedwith42armyofstudentvolunteersandseveralstaffmembersfromNelson’sSenateoffice43(organize)theproject.ThefirstEarthDaywaseffectiveatraising44(aware)aboutenvironmentalproblemsandtransformingpublicattitudes.EarthDaykickedoffthe“Environmentaldecadewithabang,”asSenatorNelsonlaterputit.ThethemeofEarthDay2020is“climateaction.”EarthDhopesitwillbethe45(large)volunteereventinhistory.第三部分写作(共二节，满分40分）第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华。你的新西兰朋友David将要参加他的学校举办的中国诗歌朗诵比赛(theChinesePoetryRecitationCompetition)，特发邮件向你咨询一些备赛方面的建议。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1.表示支持；2.提出相关建议；3.表达希望和祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Mygreat-grandmotherEileenisfierce,loyalandstrongandabitofalegendinherownlifetime,whichnowstretchesto92years.Ishouldaddthatwe’renotallowedtocallherGran,becauseshesaysitmakesherfeelold.Thatsummer,Ilostmyjobandfelthopeless.Oneday,Ipaidavisittoher.Shepickedupaboxwhichsheplacedonthecoffeetable.“Thereyougo,”shesaid.“Youdoknowwhatyou’redoingwiththesethings,don’tyou?”Itwasanewphone.Hercurrentmobilewasprettyancient.Iwasamazeditwasstillgoing.“Yes,”Isaid.“Good.That’swhyIaskyou.Youyoungpeopleknowmoreaboutsuchthingsthanusoldies.Youcantakeithomewithyouandgetitallsetup,”shewenton.“Then,whenyoubringitback,youcanshowmehowtousemynewphone,suchasgettingontheinternet,sendinge-mailsandsoon.”ShesmiledsosweetlythatIfeltasurgeofloveforher.Igrabbedtheboxandstoodup.Settingupthephonewouldbeeasy.Itwasteachingherhowtouseitthatmayprovechallenging.ThefollowingdayIheadedbacktomygreat-grandmother’swiththephone.“Here’syourphone.It’sallreadytouse.”Forthenexthour,Iwasbusysettingupherpasscodeandfingerprintrecognition,whichshesaidwaslikesomethingoutofJamesBond.Shechoseapictureforherscreenanditwasall