浙江省杭州市西湖区2024年九年级下学期一模英语试题（含答案）

第第页浙江省杭州市西湖区2024年九年级下学期一模英语试题一、第一部分完形填空(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。MynameisLucyBlevins.I'maveryluckypersonbecauseImakemylivingdoingwhatIlove—1．beautifulpictures.I'velovedpaintingforaslongasIcanremember.Icreatedmy2．greatworkwhenIwasjustfour.Mybedroom3．werebluelikethesummersky.Oneday,whenMomwasn't4．.Ipaintedasummersceneononebluewall.IwasjustfinishingtheraintingwhenMomwalkedintomyroom.Hermouthdroppedopenandshestoodstill."I'm5．,"Irememberthinkingtomyself.SoIwasreally6．whenMomsaid,"Whatabeautifulpicture,Lucy!"Thepicturestayedonmybedroomwallandisstilltheretoday,nearly30yearslater.EverytimeIvisitMom,Ilookatit7．,rememberingthatday.Ioftensharethisstorywithothers8．itshowshowmuchMomsupportedmyloveofpainting.WhenIwasinschool,she9．myperformanceinartclassasmuchasinmathorreadingorscience.She10．allmypaintings,andshehungmanyofthemonthewallsinourhouse.Sheneversaid,"Paintingisafine11．,butit'sahardwaytomakealiving."Insteadshesaid,"Youaresotalented.You'llbeasuccess.Followyour12．."TodayIamasuccessasa13．.I'mhappythatpeoplelovemypaintingsenoughtohangthemintheirhomes.Iam14．thatsomeofmypaintingshanginmuseumsaroundthecountry.Mostofall,IamthankfulthatMomhasalwayssupportedme.Muchofmysuccessisbecauseof15．1．A．collecting B．copying C．painting D．finding2．A．first B．second C．last D．only3．A．desks B．chairs C．beds D．walls4．A．thinking B．looking C．cooking D．eating5．A．indanger B．introuble C．inneed D．inlove6．A．excited B．lonely C．surprised D．peaceful7．A．happily B．politely C．sadly D．patiently8．A．when B．so C．why D．because9．A．worriedabout B．caredaboutC．forgotabout D．wroteabout10．A．saved B．ordered C．lost D．borrowed11．A．job B．hobbyCstoryC．example 12．A．teacher B．advice C．parents D．dream13．A．painter B．writer C．musician D．scientist14．A．proud B．shocked C．hopeful D．sorry15．A．myself B．us C．her D．it二、第二部分阅读理解，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读理解Imaginesharingyourbirthdaywiththewholecountry!That'sexactlywhathappenseveryyearinVietnam(越南).TheVietnamesedon'tcelebrateonthedaytheywereborn.Insteadeveryonegetsoneyearolderonthesameday—VietnameseNewYear'sdayor"Tet":Peopledon'tgivebirthdaypresents,butchildrenreceiveredenvelopeswithmoneyinside.TetisthebiggestcelebrationoftheyearinVietnam—anditcanlastforaweek.BecominganadultisaveryspecialdayforgirlsinSouthAmericaandithappensontheirfifteenthbirthday—theQuinceanera.Insomeplaces,suchaspartsofMexico,thefatheroranotherrelativegivesthegirlherfirstpairofhighheelsasasymbolofbecomingawoman.Thebirthdaygirl,orquinceanera,oftengivesoutfifteencandles,onetoeachofthefifteenmostimportantpeopleinherlife.Thenthereisamealanddancing.Thequinceanera'sfirstdanceisalwayswithherfather.InJapaneveryonehasadayofftocelebratetheworld'sbiggesttwentiethbirthdayparty.ThesecondMondayofJanuaryeveryyearis"ComingofAgeDay"—thedayalltwenty-year-oldJapanesebecomeadults.Menwearsuitsandgirlsdressinbeautifulkimonos(和服).Aceremonyisheldinthelocalgovernmentofficeandafterwardsthenewadultscanpartywiththeirfriendsandfamily.16．Whatis"Tet"accordingtothetext?A．TheNewYear'sdayinVietnam.B．ThebirthdaypresentinVietnam.C．Thedaywhenachildisborn.DTheredenvelopewithmoneyinside.17．WhichbirthdayisspecialtogirlsinSouthAmerica?A．Thetenth. B．Thefifteenth.C．Theeighteenth. D．Thetwentieth.18．InwhichcountrydopeoplecelebrateComingofAgeDay?A．Vietnam. B．Mexico. C．Japan. D．China.阅读理解LastsummerIwentonholidaywithmyfamilytoourfriends'summerhouseinthecountryside,nearanationalpark.Weusedtogothereeveryyearwhenwewerelittle,butwehadn'tbeenbackforyears.Ihadreallynicememoriesoftheplaceasayoungchild,boatingonthelakeandwalkingthroughthefieldsnearby.Whenwewerelittle,ourparentshadalwaystaughtustorespectthecountrysideandwildlifeandleavenomark,andthat'swhatwealwaysdid.Onthefirstmorningafterwearrived,wedecidedtogohikingaroundthelake.ButinsteadofthebeautifulareaIremembered,itwasjustamess.Itlookedlikepeoplehadcampednearthelakeandjustleftalltheirthingsthere.Ihadreadaboutthisbefore:it'scalled"fly-camping".Insteadofstayingatcampsites,peoplewhofly-campwanttotravellight,sotheyonlybuybasiccampingtools,thenjustleavealltheirthingsthereinthewild.Wepickeduptherubbishandtookitintothelocalvillagetothrowitawayproperly.Whilewewerethere,wedecidedtohavelunchatacaféandspoketotheowner.Wetoldherabouthowwehadvisitedherewhenwewereyoungerandhowithadn'tbeenaproblemthen."It'sgotreallybadoverthelastfewyears.It'salmostlikepeoplethinkit'sawastedump(垃圾场),"shesaid."Theotherday,Iwaswalkingmydogoverthereandhecamerunningbacktome.Hehadfoundsomefoodboxes,andoneofthemhadstucktohisfaceandhecouldn'tgetitoff.Poorthing."Shealsosaidshe'dreportedittoanenvironmentalorganization,buttheyhadn'tbeenabletodoanythingyet.Afterthat,wedecidedtospendanotherdaypickinguptherubbishwefound.Weusedsomebigbagswehadbroughtfromthevillageandfilledthemupeveryday.Ihopethesituationgetsbetterinthefuture.19．Whatdidthecountrysideusetobelikewhenthewriterwasyoung?A．Dirtyanddangerous. B．Beautifulandfun.C．Crowdedandmessy. D．Noisyandbusy.20．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"flv-camping"inParagraph2referto?A．Campingbythebeautifullake.B．Goingcampingbyairplane.C．Leavingcampingthingsbehind.D．Usingspecialcampingtents.21．Whydidthecaféownermentionherdogfindingfoodboxes?A．Toshowtherubbishproblem.B．Toshareafunnypetstory.C．Todrawattentiontohercafé.D．Totalkaboutthelocalwildlife.22．Howdidthewriterspendmostofhistimeonholiday?A．Goingtoparties. B．Pickinguprubbish.C．Enjoyingnature. D．Talkingtoachild.阅读理解Doyounoticealotofadsforthingsthatyoulikewhenyouareonline?That'sbecausecompaniesusetargetedadvertising(定向广告)toadvertiseproductsandservicestopeople.Howdoadvertisersknowwhatyoulike?Theycollectdata(数据),orinformation,fromyou.Onekindofdatathattheycollectiscalledclickstreamdata.Thisisinformationaboutthewebsitesthatyouvisit.Doyouvisitalotofsitesabouthealthandexercise?Thenyouprobablyseealotofadsforgymsandexerciseclothes.Anotherkindofusefuldataissearchdata.Thisisinformationaboutwhatyoulookforonasearchengine(引擎).Studiesshowthatover90percentofadultsusesearchengines.Whenyoudoanonlinesearch,targetedadsappearnexttoyournormalsearchresults.Forexample,ifyousearchfor"toys",you'llseeadsfortoystores,children'sproducts,ortoyreviewsonwebsitesyouvisit.Athirdkindofdatathatcompaniesuseispurchasedata.Thisisinformationaboutwhatyoubuy.Companiesfindoutwhatyoubuyonlineandtrytosellyousimilarproducts.Forexample,ifyoubuyabookandapairofshoes,youmightseebothbookadsandshoeads.Afourthkindofinformationisprofiledata.ThisisusuallyinformationyouputonsocialnetworkslikeWeiboandDouvin.Itoftenincludesyourage,yourcity,yourfavoritebooksandmusic,andyourotherinterests.CompaniescollectinformationaboutyouandmakesureyouseeadsforpeopleofyoIrageandwithyourinterests.Forexample,a20-year-oldmanwholivesinHangzhouandenjoysplayingtheguitarwillseeadsformusicstoresinHangzhou.Isthiskindoftargetedadvertisinggoodorbad?Somepeoplethinkit'sgreat.Otherpeoplethink.it'salwaysabadidea.Accordingtothem,it'sneverOKtocollectpersonalinformationaboutpeople.Whatdoyouthink?23．Howdoesthewriterleadintothetopic?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Byaskingquestions.C．Bysharingexperiences. D．Bylistingnumbers.24．Whichofthefollowingis"searchdata"accordingtothetext?A．Thingsthatyoubuyonthewebsıtes.B．Thewebsitesthatyouoftenvisit.C．Informationthatyoulookforonline.D．Yourinformationonsocialnetworks.25．Whatkindofdatadocompaniescollecttoshowyoutargetedads?A．Yourjobandworkplace. B．Yournameandfamily.C．Yourdreamsandfeelings. D．Yourageandinterests.26．Whatdoesthistextmainlytalkabout?A．Theadvantagesoftargetedadvertising.B．Therisksofsharingpersonalinformation.C．Theimportanceofonlineshopping.D．Thekindsofdataoftenusedinadvertising.阅读理解①Withtheincreaseinspacetravel,you'llmostlikelywanttobeaspacetouristatsomepoint.Ifyou'reconsideringtravellingtospace,thenyou'llneedtoreadour"out-of-this-world"advicefirst.Here'swhatyouneedtoknow.②It'sagoodideatohitthegymfirst.Ifyouwanttoexperiencezerogravity(重力),youneedtobephysicallyfit.Youdon'thavetobeasfitasanOlympicathlete(运动员),justhealthy.Thetripwillinfluenceyourbody.Forthisreason,it'sagoodideatobecheckedbyadoctorfirst.③▲Mostspacetouristflightswillonlygiveyouafewminutesinzerogravity,sơplanwhatyou'regoingtodobecauseyoudon'twanttowastevaluabletime.Takesometimetolookoutofthewindowandenjoytheview,evenifyoufeelliketurningincirclesaractinglikeyou'reflying.④Whenyou'reinzerogravity,there'snoforcepullingyoudownlikeonEarth,andyoumightfeelabitsick,sobepreparedforthat.Also,whenyouleavetheEarth'satmosphere(大气层),therewillbestrongforcespushingandpullingyou.Ifyouhavetravelsickness,takesomemedicinewithyou!⑤Remember.spacetravelisexcitingbutrequiresalotofpreparation.Whetherit'sstayingfitorgettingreadyforzerogravity,everystepisimportant.So,beforeyoustartyourspacejourney,makesureyouarefullypreparedfortheadventureahead.27．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinto▲inParagraph3?A．Youneedtoplanyourtimetheretoo.B．Don'tforgettotakeacamerawithyou.C．Whynotlearnmoreaboutthespacetravel?D．Trytodiscussyourtravelplanswithafriend.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph4referto?A．Feelingsickinzerogravity.B．PullingyoudowntotheEarth.C．Turningincirclesinthesky.D．Takingsomemedicineinspace.29．Onwhichofthefollowingwebsitescanwemostpossiblyreadthetext?A．/training/B．/news/C．/tourist-guide/D．/stars/30．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthetext?(P=Paragraph)A．B．C．D．三、第二部分阅读理解，第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面材料，从方框中所给的A——E五个选项中选择正确的选项(其中一项是多余选项)，将其序号填入46——49题，并回答第50小题。Whenmostpeopletrysurfing(冲浪),theyneverwanttostop.31．Buthowcanyoubecomeagoodsurfer?Whatqualitiesdoyouneed?Firstly,youmustloveadventure.32．Youdon'thavetobegoodatmostsports,butofcourse,youneedtobeanexcellentswimmer.Learninghowtosurfwelltakestime.Youmustpracticehardifyouwanttobecomegood.Thiscanbedifficultifyoudon'tlivenearabeach.Whenyoudogotothebeach,youmusthaveacoach.Agoodcoachwillteachyoutheskillsyouneed.Forexample,howtostandontheboard.Don'tworryaboutbuyingexpensiveequipment(装备),youcanalwayshire(租)aboard.33．Experiencedsurfersarealwayssearchingfortheperfectwaveandtheperfectweather.Theychecktheweatherconditionsindifferentseasonsandtravelfromplacetoplace.Manysurfershaveafavoritecountryforsurfing.34．So,whynotjointhesurfingcommunityandthisexcitingwayoflife?Somepeoplethinkitmustbealonelysport,butthisisn'ttrue.Surfingconnectsyouwithpeoplefromdifferentcountriesandcultures.Evenifyoudon'ttravel,peoplewillalwayscometoyou.A.Youcertainlydon'thavetoberichtostartoutinthissport.B.Youalsoneedtobefitandyoushouldbeabletoswim.C.Theygetaspecialfeelingthatnoothersportcangivethem.D.Whentheweatherisbad,surfingcanbedangerous.E.Hawaiiisverypopularwithitsgreatweatherandwarmwaters.Whydoesthewriterencouragepeopletojointhesurfingcommumity?(15词以内)35．四、第三部分语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。Areyougoodatscience?Areyouplanningtostudyscienceatuniversity?36．theansweris"yes"toboththesequestions,thenonedayyoumaywanttoenterasciencecompetitionand37．(probable)winalotofmoney.Thereareanumberofdifferentcompetitionsyoucanenter.TheYoungScientistAwardisoneof38．(they).Thiscompetition39．(take)placeeveryyearinWashingtonintheUnitedStates.Peoplefromallaroundtheworldcantakepart,buttheymustbestudentsstudyingscience.40．(enter)thecompetition,youcanwriteaboutanyscientifictopic.Lastyear,competitors41．(ask)towriteatleastthreethousandwords.Thisyearthey'vemadeitmuch42．(hard).Youmustwritebetweenfourandfivethousandwords.Thebestandmostinterestingentrywillwin!Thereareanumberofprizesatsomeofthetop43．(university)aroundtheworld.Thetwotopprizesare$2,000and$5,000.Lastyear'stopwinnerwasRosaAlvares.RosaisfromBrazil,butisinherfirstyearatLeedsUniversity.Ateighteenyearsold,she'stheyoungestpersonevertowinthetopprize.And44．secondtopprizewinnerwasanotheryoungwoman:LianWangfromChina.AtthetimeLianwasfinishinghercourseatuniversity.Shenowworks45．ascientistintheUS.Bothwinnerswroteaboutclimatechange.五、第四部分词汇运用，第一节：词语填空(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，每个词汇限用一次。butscreenalsosomethingfeellikeYourseatmoves,youfeelwateronyourfaceandyoucansmell46．.It'sthelatest4-Dcinemaexperience.The47．arebiggerandtheseatsareinthemostcomfortablepositionforyoureyesandneck.Butisitfun?"It'smoreexcitingthan3-Dbecauseit'sbrighterandlouder."saidfifteen-year-oldAdam.HisfriendJessicaagrees."Themost`excitingscenewasinthecar.I48．Iwasdriving,butmycarwasn'tfastenough."Forothers,theexperienceisn'tasgoodas3-Dandyoucanfeelsick."Themovingseatswereworsethanthesound!"saidAlice."Iwastoouncomfortable."Somespecialeffects(效果)are49．scarierin4-D.Ofcourse,theticketsaremoreexpensive,50．itseemssomepeoplearehappytopayfor"thebestfeelingintheworld!"六、第四部分词汇运用，第二节：单词拼写，根据下列句子及所给的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确、完全形式(每空限填一词)。(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)51．—Isthisscarfyours?—Yes,it'sm.Thanksforfindingit!52．Westayedinachoteltosavemoney.53．Asweallknow,theheartbfasterwhenyourunorexercise.54．It'sqcoldoutside,sodon'tforgetyourjacket.55．Inmyo,readingbooksismoreenjoyablethanwatchingmovies.56．Shetherhatintotheairwhensheheardthegoodnews.57．Hergrandmotherisdandcan'thearthephone,sosheoftenwritestoherinstead.58．Allwinter,thetemperaturestayedb0℃,soweneededtowearwarmclothes.59．Theydidn'tknowaboutthesurprisepartyutheywalkedintotheroom.60．Thechildrenasktheirmothertoreadbedtimeseverynight.七、第五部分书面表达(共1小题，满分20分)61．英语杂志社SundayMail正在开展以"OneThingI'mProudof"为题的英语征文活动。请根据广告中的信息用英语写一篇100词左右的征文，分享一件你自己认为自豪的事情。开头已给出(不计词数)。ArticlesWantedOneThingI'mProudofWhatisthethingyouareproudof?Whendidithappenandwhatdidyoudo?Whydoesthisthingmakeyoufeelproud?Orwhatimportantlessondidyoulearnfromthisthing?Telluswhatyouthink!Writeanarticleansweringthesequestionsandwewillpublishthebestonesinourmagazine.OneThingI'mProudofThethingIamproudofisthat

答案解析部分【答案】1．C；2．A；3．D；4．B；5．B；6．C；7．D；8．D；9．B；10．A；11．B；12．D；13．A；14．A；15．C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要讲述了作者从小到大一直受着母亲的熏陶，对绘画产生了浓厚的兴趣，最终成为了一名著名的画家的故事。

【点评】考查故事类阅读。先通读短文，了解大意；然后根据上下文语境做题，先易后难，注意空前后的固定搭配，并仔细辨析选项中单词的意思和用法；最后将答案代入原文，再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。1．句意：我是个幸运的女孩，因为我通过做自己喜欢的事谋生——画美丽的图画。collecting收集；copying复制；painting绘画；finding找到。根据I'velovedpaintingforaslongasIcanremember.(从我记事以来我就喜欢画画。）可知，我喜欢画美丽的图画。故答案为C。2．句意：只有四岁的时候，我创造了第一件好的作品。first第一；second第二；last最后；only只有。结合下文Ipaintedasummersceneonebluewall（我在蓝色的墙上画了一幅夏天的场景。)，可知我创作了第一件作品。故答案为A。3．句意：我卧室的墙是蓝色的，就像夏天的天空。desks书桌；chairs椅子；beds床；walls墙。根据Ipaintedasummersceneononebluewall.（我在蓝色的墙上画了一幅夏天的场景。）可知，卧室的墙是蓝色的。故答案为D。4．句意：一天，妈妈没有看的时候，我在蓝色的墙上画了一幅夏天的场景。thinking思考；想；looking看；cooking做饭，烹饪；eating吃根据IwasjustfinishingthepaintingwhenMomwalkedintomyroom.（我刚刚画完，妈妈就走进我的房间。）可知，我在墙上画的时候妈妈没有看见。故答案为B。5．句意：我遇到麻烦了。indanger有危险；introuble有麻烦；inneed需要；inlove沉浸在爱中。根据Hermouthdroppedopenandshestoodstill.（她张大嘴静静地站着。）可知，妈妈看见我在墙上画画很惊讶，我以为妈妈会生气，所以是我遇到麻烦了。故答案为B。6．句意：所以当妈妈说"多美的画啊，露西！"我非常惊讶。excited激动的，兴奋的；lonely孤独的；surprised惊讶的；peaceful和平的；平静的。根据Whatabeautifulpicture（多美的画啊）可知，我以为妈妈会生气，但她称赞我的画，这让我感到惊讶。故答案为C。7．句意：每次去看妈妈，我都耐心地看着它，回忆着那一天。happily高兴地；politely礼貌地；sadly难过地；paticntly有耐心地。根据根据"Ilookatit.,rememberingthatday"可知这里表示作者每次都耐心的看那副画，回忆那一天，故答案为D。8．句意：我经常和别人分享这个故事，因为它显示了妈妈是多么支持我对绘画的热爱。when当的时候；so因此；why为什么；because因为。根据Ioftensharethisstorywithothers和itshowshowmuchMomsupportedmyloveofpainting.可知，前后是因果关系，前果后因。用because表原因，故答案为D。9．句意：在学校的时候，她关心我在艺术课的表现，和关心数学、阅读或者科学课一样多。worriedabout担心；caredabout关心；forgotaboul忘记某事或某人；wroteabout写关于。根据Momsupportedmyloveofpainting（妈妈支持我热爱画画）和hungmanyofthemonthewallsinourhouse（在我们家的墙上挂了很多)，可知，这里表示她关心我在艺术课的表现。故答案为B。10．句意：她保存我所有的画，并把它们中的很多挂在我家的墙上。saved保存；ordered预定；lost失去；borrowed借；保存；根据shehungmanyofthemonthewallsinourhouse（在我们家的墙上挂了很多）可知，她保存我所有的画。故答案为A。11．句意：画画是好的爱好，但很难用它谋生。job工作；hobby爱好；story故事；example例子。根据it'sahardwaytomakealiving（很难用它谋生），可知，画画只能当做爱好，很难当做谋生的方式。故答案为B。12．句意：追随你的梦想。teacher老师；advice建议；parents父母；dream梦想。根据Youaresotalented.You'llbeasuccess.(你有天赋。你会成功。）可知，妈妈支持我追随自己的梦想。故答案为D。13．句意：今天我是一位成功的画家。painter画家；writer作家；musician音乐家；scientist科学家。根据peoplelovemypaintingsenoughtohangthemintheirhomes（人们喜欢我的画，以至于把它们挂在家里)，可知这里表示我是"画家"这一含义，故答案为A。14．句意：我很骄傲我的一些画挂在全国各地的博物馆里。proud自豪的；骄傲的；shocked震惊的；hopeful有希望的；sorry抱歉的。根据someofmypaintingshanginmuseumsaroundthecountry（我的一些画挂在全国各地的博物馆里）可知，我为此感到骄傲。故答案为A。15．句意：我的成功很大程度上要归功于她。myself我自己；us我们；her她；it它。根据Mostofall,IamthankfulthatMomhasalwayssupportedme.可知，作者认为自己的成是妈妈是一直支持。her，她，符合题意，故答案为C。【答案】16．A17．B18．C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了三个国家独特的生日文化：越南在春节集体增龄，南美少女的十五岁成人礼，日本二十岁成年日庆典。

【点评】考查其他节假日与庆祝活动。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。16．细节理解题。根据Insteadeveryonegetsoneyearolderonthesameday-VietnameseNewYear'sdayor"Tet"（相反，每个人都会在同一天变老一岁——越南新年或"Tet"）可知，根据"Tet"是越南的新年。故答案为A。17．细节理解题。根据BecominganadultisaveryspecialdayforgirlsinSouthAmericaandithappensontheirfifteenthbirthday——theQuinceanera.（对于南美的女孩来说，成为成年人是一个非常特殊的日子，这一天是她们的15岁生日——成人礼。）可知15岁生日对南美女孩来说是特别的，故答案为B。18．细节理解题。根据ThesecondMondayofJanuaryeveryyearis"ComingofAgeDay'"—thedayalltwentyyear-oldJapanesebecomeadults.（每年1月的第二个星期一是"成年日"——这一天所有20岁的日本人都成年了。）可知，日本的人们庆祝"成人之日"。故答案为C。【答案】19．B20．C21．A22．B【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文讲述了作者重返童年记忆中的美丽乡村时，被露营的游客扔满了垃圾的现状所震撼，随即与朋友们一起捡垃圾的故事。

【点评】考查环保意识与环保行为类阅读。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。19．细节理解题。根据Ihadreallynicememoriesoftheplaceasayoungchild,boatingonthelakeandwalkingthroughthefieldsnearby.（我小时候对这个地方有非常美好的回忆，在湖上划船，在附近的田野里散步。）和ButinsteadofthebeautifulareaIremembered,itwasjustamess.（但它不是我记忆中的美丽区域，而是一片混乱。）可知，作者小时候的农村漂亮又好玩。故答案为B。20．词义猜测题。根据Itlookedlikepeoplehadcampednearthelakeandjustleftalltheirthingsthere.（看起来人们已经在湖边扎营，只是把他们所有的东西都留在了那里。）和Insteadofstayingatcampsites,peoplewhofly-campwanttotravellight,sotheyonlybuybasiccampingtools,thenjustleavealltheirthingsthereinthewild.（飞行露营的人不想呆在露营地，他们想轻装旅行，所以他们只买基本的露营工具，然后把他们所有的东西都留在野外。）可知，"fly-camping".是留下露营的东西。故答案为C。21．推理判断题。根据"Theotherday,Iwaswalkingmydogoverthereandhecamerunningbacktome.Hehadfoundsomefoodboxes,andoneofthemhadstucktohisfaceandhecouldn'tgetitoff.Poorthing."（"有一天，我在那边遛狗，它跑回来找我。他找到了一些食物盒，其中一个粘在他的脸上，他弄不下来。可怜的东西。"）可知，是在描述狗被露营的游客乱扔的垃圾粘住了它的脸上，是来说明垃圾问题。故答案为A。22．细节理解题。根据全文内容和Afterthat，wedecidedtospendanotherdaypickinguptherubbishwefound.（之后，我们决定再花一天时间收拾我们发现的垃圾。）可知，作者这次的假期主要是捡周围的垃圾。故答案为B。【答案】23．B24．C25．D26．D【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍广告使用的数据类型。

【点评】考查科学技术类阅读。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除；做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。主旨大意题是在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳，概括和总结。不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读全文的基础上进行逻辑思维推理判断，从而获取文章中内含的信息。23．推理判断题。根据Doyounoticealotofadsforthingsthatyoulikewhenyouareonline？（当你上网时你注意到一些广告吗?）和Howdoadvertisersknowwhatyoulike？（广告商是如何知道你喜欢什么的?）可知作者通过提问引出本文话题。故答案为B。24．推理判断题。根据Thisisinformationaboutwhatyoulookforonasearchengine（引擎），（这类信息是关于你在搜索引擎是搜索什么。)可知C选项"你上网搜索的信息"属于搜索数据。故答案为C。25．细节理解题。根据Companiescollectinformationaboutyouandmakesureyouseeadsforpeopleofyearageandwithyearinterests.（公司收集关于你的信息，确保你可以看到你这个年龄和你感兴趣的广告。）可知公司收集你的年龄和兴趣。故答案为D。26．主旨大意题。根据Onekindofdatathattheycollectiscalledclickstreamdata.（他们收集的一种数据是点击率。）；Anotherkindofusefuldataissearchdata.（另一种有用的数据是搜索数据。）；Athirdkindofdatathatcompaniesuseispurchasedata.（第三种公司使用的数据是购买数据。）和Afourthkindofinformationisprofiledata.（第四种是个人资料数据。）可知本文主要介绍广告使用的数据类型。故答案为D。【答案】27．A28．A29．C30．A【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了成为太空游客前需要了解的一些关键建议，包括增强体质、规划零重力活动、应对不适感以及充分准备的重要性。

【点评】考查旅游观光类阅读。本篇文章涉及推理判断题、代词指代和文章结构题三种题型。推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。代词指代题需要理解上下文的内容，确定代词所指代的人或物。文章结构题需要对全文的内容及每段内容全面的理解，然后综合去判断他们之间的关系，最终确定文章结构。27．推理判断题。根据下文Mostspacetouristflightswillonlygiveyouafewminutesinzerogravity,soplanwhatyou'regoingtodobecauseyoudon'twanttowastevaluabletime.（大多数太空飞行会给你几分钟零重力的体验，所以计划好你要做什么，因为你不想浪费这宝贵的时间。）可知A选项"你也需要好好计划。"和下文内容相符合，故答案为A。28．代词指代题。根据Whenyou'reinzerogravity,there'snoforcepullingyoudownlikeonEarth,andyoumightfeelabitsick,sobepreparedforthat.（当你在零重力时，没有像地球上的外力拉你，你会觉得有点不舒服，所以为此做好准备。）可知划线词在此处指"在零重力时可能会感到不适"。故答案为A。29．推理判断题。根据Withtheincreaseinspacetravel,you'llmostlikelywanttobeaspacetouristatsomepoint.Ifyou'reconsideringtravellingtospace,thenyou'llneedtoreadour"out-of-this-world"advicefirst.（随着太空旅行的增加，你可能想成为一面太空游客。如果你正在考虑太空旅行，那么你需要先读一读我们的"外太空"建议。）可知在网/tourist-guide/（太空旅行/游客-导游）可以读到本文。故答案为C。30．文章结构题。根据短文内容可知第一段Here'swhatyouneedtoknow.（下面是你需要知道的。）引出下文的建议，第二三四段是具体建议，第五段总结，文章是总—分—总结构。故答案为A。【答案】31．C；32．B；33．A；34．E；35．Surfingconnectspeoplefromdifferentcountriesandcultures.【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了冲浪这项运动并呼吁大家加入这项运动。

选项意思：

A.Youcertainlydon'thavetoberichtostartoutinthissport.你当然不需要很有钱才能开始这项运动。

B.Youalsoneedtobefitandyoushouldbeabletoswim.你还需要身体健康，而且你应该会游泳。

C.Theygetaspecialfeelingthatnoothersportcangivethem.他们得到了一种其他运动无法给他们的特殊感觉。

D.Whentheweatherisbad,surfingcanbedangerous.天气不好的时候，冲浪很危险。E.Hawaiiisverypopularwithitsgreatweatherandwarmwaters.夏威夷因其宜人的气候和温暖的海水而非常受欢迎。

【点评】考查常见的运动项目。跳过空白句，先通读全文，然后结合上下文的意思，找到合适的句子，如果有困难，我们可以逐一把句子代入进行比较，找到符合空白处的选项。最后再通读全文进行核对更正。31．根据上文Whenmostpeopletrysurfing(冲浪)，theyneverwanttostop.（当大多数人尝试冲浪时，他们从来不想停下来。）可知，这里和上文说的喜欢冲浪的人有关，结合选项，可知C.Theygetaspecialfeelingthatnoothersportcangivethem.（他们得到了一种其他运动无法给他们的特殊感觉。）承接上文符合语境，符合语境。故答案为C。32．根据上文Buthowcanyoubecomeagoodsurfer?Whatqualitiesdoyouneed?Firstly,youmustloveadventure.（但是怎样才能成为一名优秀的冲浪者呢？你需要什么样的品质？首先，你必须热爱冒险。）可知，这里和你具备的适合冲浪的优秀品质有关，结合选项，可知B.Youalsoneedtobefitandyoushouldbeabletoswim.（你还需要身体健康，而且你应该会游泳。）符合语境。故答案为B。33．根据上文Don'tworryaboutbuyingexpensiveequipment(装备)，youcanalwayshire(租）aboard."（不用担心买昂贵的设备，你可以租一个冲浪板。）可知这里是和买设备有关，所以应该提到你的经济条件，结合选项，可知A.Youcertainlydon'thavetoberichtostartoutinthissport.（你当然不需要很有钱才能开始这项运动。）符合语境。故答案为A。34．根据上文Manysurfershaveafavoritecountryforsurfing.（许多冲浪者都有一个最喜欢的冲浪国家。）可知，这里应该是介绍哪个地方是许多冲浪者最喜欢冲浪的地方。结合选项，可知E.Hawaiiisverypopularwithitsgreatweatherandwarmwaters.（夏威夷因其宜人的气候和温暖的海水而非常受欢迎。）符合语境。故答案为E。35．根据So，whynotjointhesurfingcommunityandthisexcitingwayoflife?Somepeoplethinkitmustbealonelysport,butthisisn'ttrue.Surfingconnectsyouwithpeoplefromdifferentcountriesandcultures.（那么，为什么不加入冲浪社区，体验这种令人兴奋的生活方式呢？有些人认为这一定是一项孤独的运动，但事实并非如此。冲浪把你和来自不同国家和文化的人联系在一起。）可知，作者鼓励人们加入冲浪社区的原因是冲浪将来自不同国家和文化的人联系在一起。故答案为Surfingconnectspeoplefromdifferentcountriesandcultures.【答案】36．If；37．probably；38．them；39．takes；40．Toenter；41．wereasked；42．harder；43．universities；44．the；45．as【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要介绍了青年科学家奖以及去年的两位获奖者的情况。

【点评】考查对社会有突出贡献的人物事迹。根据短文大意和所给单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。36．句意：如果这两个问题的答案都是肯定的，那么有一天你可能会想参加科学竞赛，并可能赢得很多钱。根据theansweris"yes"toboththesequestions和thenonedayyoumaywanttoenterasciencecompetitionand2(probable)winalotofmoney.可知，后面句子是此前面第一个句子为条件，表示"如果"答案是肯定的，if，如果，引导条件状语从句，符合语境，句首首字母大写。故答案为lf。37．句意：如果这两个问题的答案都是肯定的，那么有一天你可能会想参加科学竞赛，并可能赢得很多钱。probable，可能的，是形容词。根据句子结构可知这里是修饰句中动词win的，修饰动词用副词，probable的副词形式为probably，"可能地"，符合题意。故答案为probably。38．句意：青年科学家奖就是它们其中之一。they它们，人称代词主格，根据空前的介词of可知，这里表示他们之中的一个，介词后用宾格代词，they的宾格为them，故答案为them。39．句意：这项比赛每年在美国华盛顿举行。takeplace，举行，固定搭配。根据时间状语everyyear（每年）可知，句子为一般现在时，主语Thiscompetition(这项比赛)单数形式，所以动词用第三人称单数形式。故答案为takes。40．句意：要参加比赛，你可以写任何科学主题。enter，参加，动词。根据句意可知youcanwriteaboutanyscientifictopic.的目的是参加比赛，这里是做目的状语，用动词不定式，句首字母大写，故答案为Toenter。41．句意：去年，参赛者被要求写至少三千字。ask，要求，动词做谓语，根据主语和谓语的关系，可知这里是表示"被要求"，用被动语态，谓语为be+动词的过去分词。根据时间状语Lastyear(去年)可知，该句为一般过去时的被动语态，主语是competitors（参赛者)，为复数，所以be动词用were，ask的过去分词是asked。故答案为wereasked。42．句意：今年他们把难度加大了。hard，难的，形容词，做句子的宾语补足语。根据much，更，修饰形容词的比较级，可知这里用形容词比较级harder。故答案为harder43．句意：世界上一些顶尖大学有很多奖项。university，大学，可数名词单数。根据空前的some（一些）可知，这里用名词的复数形式。故答案为universities。44．句意：第二位获奖者是另一位年轻女性：来自中国的王立安。序