主题八 文化与文化交流-高考英语新高考总复习主要知识点讲解

主题八文化与文化交流高考英语新高考适用词汇清单目录考点清单即练即清话题写作一、主题词汇饮食文化cuisinen.菜肴;风味;烹饪recipen.烹饪法;食谱ingredientn.(尤指烹饪)材料;成分saucen.调味汁,酱汁oliven.油橄榄;橄榄树vinegarn.醋garlicn.蒜onionn.洋葱;葱头peppern.甜椒;灯笼椒;胡椒粉chillin.辣椒souradj.酸(味)的spicyadj.加有香料的;辛辣的saltyadj.含盐的,咸的bitteradj.苦的,有苦味的tenderadj.嫩的,软的steakn.牛排;肉排seafoodn.海鲜lambn.羊羔肉;羔羊porkn.猪肉baconn.熏猪肉;咸肉hamn.火腿sausagen.香肠;腊肠stewn.炖菜

vt.&vi.炖;煨beancurdn.(=tofu)豆腐cabbagen.甘蓝;卷心菜;洋白菜vegetariann.素食者

adj.(全是)蔬菜的cheesen.干酪;奶酪dessertn.(饭后)甜点bakeryn.面包(糕饼)店;面包厂slicen.薄片vt.把……切成薄片buttern.黄油;奶油vt.涂黄油于creamyadj.似奶油的,光滑细软的doughn.生面团roastadj.烤的;焙的

vi.&vt.烘烤snackn.点心;小吃puddingn.布丁;(餐末的)甜食yog(h)urtn.酸乳,酸奶honeyn.蜂蜜oolongn.乌龙茶winen.葡萄酒;果酒beern.(一杯)啤酒pubn.酒吧;酒馆consumevt.吃;喝;饮;消耗calorien.卡路里(热量单位)vitaminn.维生素fibren.纤维;纤维制品chewvi.&vt.咀嚼;嚼碎n.咀嚼dairyadj.奶制的;乳品(业)的

n.乳制品;乳品店;牛奶厂platen.盘,碟节日习俗customn.习俗;风俗;习惯lunaradj.阴历的;月球的;月亮的lanternn.灯笼;提灯riddlen.谜语;神秘事件symboln.符号;象征decorationn.装饰物fireworkn.烟火;烟花;[pl.]烟花表演firecrackern.鞭炮;爆竹envelopen.信封;塑料封套fortunen.机会;运气seekv.寻求harvestn.收获

vi.&vt.收割;捕猎occasionn.场合,时刻carnivaln.狂欢节;嘉年华weddingn.婚礼;结婚庆典ceremonyn.典礼;仪式observevt.观察到decoratevt.装饰;装潢homemadeadj.自制的,家里做的originallyadv.原先,最初formaladj.正式的marchvi.&n.行进;前进;示威游行samban.桑巴舞;桑巴舞曲make-upn.化妆品;性格;构成方式trickn.诀窍,技巧,技法differv.不同,不一样,有区别regardn.尊重;关注

vt.把……视为representvt.象征;代表;相当于handwritingn.书法;笔迹churchn.(基督教的)教堂;礼拜briden.新娘bridegroomn.新郎approachvt.接近involvevt.包含basev.以……为基础suitvt.适合containvt.包含dividev.(使)分开文化遗产heritagen.遗产;传统relicn.遗物;遗迹dynastyn.王朝;朝代templen.庙;寺paraden.游行

vi.游行庆祝;游行示威historicadj.历史上著名(或重要)的civilisationn.文明kingdomn.王国;领域pyramidn.(古埃及的)金字塔caven.山洞;洞穴ancestorn.祖宗;祖先constructionn.建造,建筑archaeologistn.考古学家imagen.形象;印象rankingn.排名,排行mansionn.公馆;宅第cemeteryn.墓地;公墓currencyn.通货;货币militaryadj.军事的;军用的contrastn.对比vt.对比;对照identifyvt.确认;认出;找到belongv.属于fascinatingadj.极有吸引力的;迷人的strikingadj.显著的,引人注目的transitionn.过渡;转变;变迁文化交流exchangevt.交流;交换relatevt.联系;讲述promotev.促进;增进establishvt.建立;创立lossn.丧失;损失investigatevi.&vt.调查;研究issuen.议题;争论的问题vt.宣布overseasadj.海外的adv.在海外exitn.出口vi.&vt.出去;离去paraphrasen.,vi.&vt.解释countyn.郡;县feastn.盛宴;宴会;节日greetvt.问候;迎接crowdn.人群;一群人;民众

vt.挤满;使……拥挤descendantn.后裔;后代;子孙Confuciusn.孔子typicaladj.典型的二、词汇变形①associatev.与……有关→associationn.关联②archaeologyn.考古学→archaeologicaladj.考古的→archaeologistn.考古学家③cooperatev.合作→cooperationn.合作④commercen.商业→commercialadj.商业的⑤completeadj.完全的,完整的→completelyadv.完全地⑥exhibitv.展示→exhibitionn.展出,展览⑦fascinatev.迷住→fascinationn.魅力,令人着迷的事物→fascinatingadj.迷人的⑧globen.全球→globaladj.全球的⑨historyn.历史→historicaladj.历史的→historicadj.有历史意义的;历史上著名

的→historiann.历史学家⑩participatev.参与→participationn.参与→participantn.参与者

protectv.保护→protectionn.保护

preservevt.保存;保护→preservationn.保护;保存

respectn.方面→respectiveadj.各自的

sustainvt.维持→sustainableadj.可持续的

significantadj.有重大意义的→significancen.意义,重要性三、主题词块rescueculturalrelics拯救文物protectculturalsites保护文化遗址historicsites历史遗迹fosteranunderstandingofculturalheritage促进对文化遗产的了解culturalhabitsandtraditionalfestivals文化习俗和传统节日themixofhistoryandmodernculture历史与现代文化的融合fallonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth在农历五月初五到来inhonourof...为了纪念……bepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration代代相传spreadknowledgeaboutnationalhistory传播有关国家历史的知识fascinatinghistoryandculture引人入胜的历史和文化preserveheritageforthenextgeneration为下一代保护遗产serveasamediumofculturalexchange用作文化交流的媒介regionalspecialties地方特色菜肴ethniccookingstyles民族烹饪风格standforfamilyreunion代表家庭团圆honourfineChinesevalues尊重中华优秀价值观abalancebetweenprogressandprotection发展与保护之间的平衡givewaytothenew让位于新事物interactbetterwithlocals与当地人更好地互动1.approachn.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近感知用法①An

(approach)teacherwhoisknowledgeableaboutbothChineseandforeignculturescangreatlyfacilitatestudents'learningandparticipationinculturalexchangeactivities.②Anapproachto

(learn)Chinesecultureistostartwithitsancientphilosophy.③Withtheholidayseason

(approach),peoplearebusymakingplansandpreparingforfamilygatherings.◆考点总结approachtodoingsth.做……的途径with...approaching随着……的到来approachableadj.和蔼可亲的;能达到的答案

①approachable②learning③approaching感知用法①Understandingthe

(base)customsandtraditionsisthemostimportantstepineffectiveculturalexchange.②Theculturalexchangeprogramisbased

mutualrespectandthedesiretolearnfromeachother'straditions.③Onthe

(base)oftheevidencepresented,thecommitteedecidedtoapprovetheproposal.④

(base),theplanistofinishalltheworkbytheendoftheweek.◆考点总结bebasedon/upon基于,以……为根据base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上basicadj.最重要的,基本的basicallyadv.基本上,大体上basisn.基础onthebasisof...根据……2.basen.底部;根据v.以……为据点;以……为基础答案

①basic②on/upon③basis④Basically感知用法①Studentswereadvisedtopacktheir

(belong)withcare,includingitemsthatrepresenttheirownculture.②Aftermovingtoanewflat,Johnquicklyjoinedthecommunitycommittee,whichgavehimasenseof

(belong).③Theseancientscrollsbelong

acollection.◆考点总结belongto属于asenseofbelonging归属感belongingsn.所有物3.belongv.属于;应在(某处);适应答案①belongings②belonging③to4.containvt.包含;含有;容纳感知用法①The

(contain)arrivedattheharbor,filledwitheducationalmaterialsandculturalartifactsfromabroad.②Studentswereadvisedtocontain

(they)andshowrespectforthedifferentcustomsandtraditionstheyencountered.◆考点总结containern.集装箱;容器contain【生义】v.克制,抑制containoneself自制;克制自己答案①container②themselves5.differvi.相异;不同于感知用法①Themain

(differ)betweenourcultureandtheirsisinthewaywecelebratefestivals.②Participantsdiffer

theirbackgrounds,buttheyshareacommoninterestinappreciatingeachother'scultures.③Thelifestyleinthecountrysidediffersgreatly

thatinthecity,withaslowerpaceandclosercommunityties.◆考点总结differfrom...与……不同;区别于……differin...在……方面存在不同differentadj.不同的;各别的differencen.差异;不同答案①difference②in③from6.dividev.(使)分开,分散;分配感知用法①Theschoolwas

(divide)onwhethertofocusonasingleculturefortheexchangeprogram.②Thehighschool'sinternationalclubisdivided

smallergroupstoexploredifferentaspects

ofculturalexchange.③BMIiscalculatedbydividingaperson'sweightinkg

theirheightinmeterssquared.◆考点总结o...把……分成……divide...by...除以divideup瓜分dividedadj.分裂的;有分歧的答案①divided②into③by7.exchangen.交换;交流vt.交换;交流;交易;兑换感知用法①Theschool'sactivityfeatured

(exchange)items,wherestudentscouldbringtheirartifacts.②Studentspaireduptopracticespeakingwitheachother,exchangingwords

theirpartnerstoimprovetheirlanguageskillsandlearnabouteachother'scultures.③TheChinesestudentsofferedtoteachtheirAmericancounterpartstraditionalcalligraphyinexchange

lessonsinAmericanjazzmusic.◆考点总结inexchange(for...)作为(对……的)交换exchange...for...把……换成……exchange...with...与……交换……exchangeableadj.可交换的;可兑换的答案

①exchangeable②with③for感知用法①Weare

(fortune)tohaveavisitingscholarfromFrancewhowillshareherinsightsonFrenchliterature.②Despiteillfortuneoflosingluggage,John'sculturalexchangeexperiencewaseye-opening.画线部分释义:

③

(fortunate),theculturalexchangeeventwasagreatsuccess.◆考点总结illfortune厄运,不幸fortunateadj.幸运的fortunatelyadv.幸运地makeone'sfortune发财seekone'sfortune寻找发迹的机会8.fortunen.机会;运气答案①fortunate②厄运/不幸③Fortunately9.involvevt.包含;需要;涉及;影响;(使)参加感知用法①Participatingintheculturalexchangetripinvolved

(do)researchonthecustomsandhistoryofthehostcountry.②Theschool'sculturalexchangeprograminvolvedstudentsfromdifferentcountries

avarietyofactivities.③Manycommunitymemberswere

(involve)intheplanningofthelocalfestival.◆考点总结involvesb.insth.使某人参与某事involvedoingsth.包含做某事involvedadj.参与的be/get/becomeinvolvedin参与,专心于答案①doing②in③involved10.observevt.观察(到);注视感知用法①Theculturalexchangetripwasagreatopportunityforstudentstoenhancetheir

(observe)skills.②IobservedtheAmericanstudents

(participate)intheChinesecalligraphyactivity,whichwasafascinatingsight.③Allemployeesareexpectedtoobservethecompany'ssafetyregu-lationsatalltimes.画线词释义:

④Wewillobservethefestivalwithtraditionalceremoniesandagrandfeast.画线词释义:

◆考点总结observesb.doingsth.看到某人做某事beobservedtodosth.被看到做某事observationn.观察;观察力observe【生义】v.庆祝;遵守(规则等)答案①observation②participating③遵守④庆祝11.promotevt.促进;提升;推销;使晋级感知用法①Afteryearsofhardwork,shefinallyreceiveda

(promote)toseniormanager.②TheInternationalStudentsAssociationregularlyhostsevents

(promote)cooperationbetweenlocalandinternationalstudents.◆考点总结promotionn.提拔,晋升;促销promotereform促进改革promotecooperation促进合作答案①promotion②topromote12.seekvt.&vi.寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求感知用法①Ourclubseeks

(organize)aculturalexchangeprogramthatallowsustolearnfromothers.②Manyyoungpeopleseek

adeeperunderstandingofglobalcultures.③Feelinglonelyinanewcity,hesoughtoutalocalcommunitycenterwherehecouldmeetnewpeopleandmakefriends.画线部分释义:

◆考点总结seekfor/after寻找;追求seektodosth.试图做某事seekout找到答案①toorganize②after/for③找到13.suitvt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身n.西服;套装感知用法①Shedecidedtosuit

(she)andjointheculturalexchangeprogram.②Aftervisitingseveraljobfairs,shefoundapositionthatshewaswellsuited

.③Theinteractiveworkshopwasparticularly

(suit)forthehighschoolstudentsparticipatingintheculturalexchange.◆考点总结suitoneself随自己的意愿做事followsuit跟着做;学样suit...to...使……适合……besuitedto/for适合suitableadj.适宜的,合适的答案①herself②to/for③suited/suitable14.typicaladj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的感知用法①It'stypical

him

(arrive)lateformeetings,whichoftenannoyshiscolleagues.②

(typical),theculturalexchangeworkshopsaredesignedtobeinteractive.③Thevibrantstreetfestivalsaretypical

theculturalexchangeprogramsinourcity.◆考点总结betypicalofsb./sth.是某人/某物的特点it'stypicalofsb.todosth.

某人经常做某事;对某人来说……是常有的事typicallyadv.有代表性地;通常答案①of;toarrive②Typically③of一、语篇填空1The1.

(preserve)ofculturalheritagehasbridgedthegapbetween

pastdaysandmoderntimes.Forexample,theChinesewritingsystem,evolving

fromtheoraclebonescripttomoderncharacters,2.

(represent)atangi-

bleculturalrelicandservesasabridgeforstudentstoappreciateChineseciviliza-

tioninthepast.However,economicprogresssometimesconflictswithculturalheritage即练即清3.

(protect).Forinstance,theinitialstagesofEgypt'sNiledamprojectsparkedprotestsduetothepotentialdamage.Sothegovernment,withtheUN'sassistance,establishedacommittee,raisinginternationalfundstorelocatetemplesand4.

(relic).Thiscollaborativeeffort,completed5.

1980,saved22templesandlaidthegroundworkforUNESCO'sglobalprogram,showcasingthepowerofinternational6.

(cooperate)in7.

(preserve)bothtangibleandintangibleculturalheritage.答案

1.preservation2.represents3.protection4.relics5.in6.cooperation7.preserving2

Mostfestivalshaveahistoricaland/orreligiousorigin,whilesomearein8.

(associate)withseasonalchanges.Allofthem,however,bringpeopletogetherfromallwalksoflifeandofferasenseof9.

(belong).Theseparticularaspectsoffestivalsmakethecelebrationstrulygrand.

Sofar,festivalcelebrations10.

(become)moreself-centredandaremovingawayfromtradition.Nowadays,theemphasisisonmoneyandtheideathat

itbuyshappiness.Thus,peopleworkmoretomakemoremoneyandspendlesstime

withfamilyandfriends.Thiscanbeconsideredanunwelcomechangebecause,at

somepoint,wemight11.

(complete)forgetthereasonbehindourfesti-

vals.Then,wewouldbecelebratingallourtraditionalfestivalssimilarlytoValen-

tine'sDay,Father'sDay,andMother'sDay:asa12.

(commerce)oppor-

tunity.

Inmyopinion,thegoodoldwaysoffestivalcelebrationswerefarbetterthan

theuglyshowofwealththatthey'vebecome.Theysaythatchangeisforthebetter,butIthinksomethingsarebetterleftunchanged.答案8.association9.belonging10.havebecome11.completely12.commercial3

Inarecentculturalexchangeevent,an13.

(exhibit)themed

“GreenHarmony”drew14.

(participate)athomeandabroad.Avariety

ofvegetariandishesfromaroundtheworldwereshowcased,andeachwasatestament

totheuniqueculinaryartsoftheir15.

(respect)countriesandan

embodimentofhealthandenvironmentalconsciousness.

Theexhibitionincorporatedmanybotanicalelements,creatinganatmosphere16.

wasclosetonature.Peoplesaidthatsuchculturalexchangeactivities

wereofhistorical17.

(significant),notonlyenrichingdietarycultures

butalsofosteringmutualunderstandingandrespectamongdifferentcivilizations.

Thegeneroussharingatthisexhibitionallowedattendeestoexperiencerich18.

(globe)cultures,whilealsoofferingnewperspectives19.

promotingculturalexchangeand20.

(sustain)development.答案13.exhibition14.participants15.respective16.that/which17.significance

18.global19.on20.sustainable二、词块翻译1.TheDragonBoatFestival

(在农

历五月初五)anditiscelebrated

(为了纪念屈原).Bycelebratingthefestivalwithricedumplingsanddragonboatraces,thestoryofQu

Yuan

(代代相传).Promotingtraditional

festivalshelps

(传播关于我们国家历史的知识).2.TheMid-AutumnFestivalhasacaring,family-centredmessageattheheart.The

fullmoononthefestivalisconsideredto

(代表家庭团圆)

andfamilymemberswillcomebackhomeeveniftheyliveveryfaraway.Withthe

celebrationsoffestivals,youngergenerationslearnto

(尊重

中华优秀价值观).3.Highschoolstudentsareencouragedtoparticipateinthe

(拯救文物),asitnotonlyprovidesthemwithhands-onexperienceinpreservinghistorybutalso

(培养了对文化遗产的更深刻的理解).答案1.fallsonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth;inhonourofQuYuan;ispassed

downfromgenerationtogeneration;spreadknowledgeaboutournationalhistory2.standforfamilyreunion;honourfineChinesevalues3.rescueofculturalrelics;fostersadeeperunderstandingofculturalheritage●介绍中国传统文化●介绍文化交流活动应用文写作·传统文化与文化交流思路导引语料拓展

参考句式①Featuringdiverseanddistinctivestyles,Chinesecalligraphy,whosetoolsandmaterialsarethewell-known“FourTreasuresofStudy”,conveyst