主题十四 和谐地球-高考英语新高考总复习主要知识点讲解

主题十四和谐地球高考英语新高考适用词汇清单目录考点清单即练即清话题写作一、主题词汇生物多样性biodiversityn.生物多样性speciesn.种,物种herdn.牧群;兽群predatorn.掠食动物,捕食性动物vertebraten.脊椎动物beastn.野兽antelopen.羚;羚类动物rhinon.犀牛chimpanzeen.黑猩猩koalan.树袋熊;考拉raccoonn.浣熊penguinn.企鹅sealn.海豹lilyn.百合(花)coraln.珊瑚organismn.生物,有机体microorganismn.微生物finn.鳍feathern.羽毛pollinationn.授粉可持续发展sustainabilityn.可持续性authorityn.官方;权威strategyn.策略,行动计划adaptationn.适应balancen.平衡v.平衡,权衡demandn.需要,需求v.需要enhancementn.改进,增强greenenergy绿色能源preventionn.预防,防止protestn.&v.抗议,反对reforestationn.植树造林surroundvt.包围impactn.影响v.有影响;冲击migrationn.迁徙remainvi.仍然存在guaranteevt.保证adaptv.(使)适应reducev.减少measuren.措施rangen.范围自然资源resourcen.资源;物力;智谋mineraln.矿物,矿产beltn.地带terracen.梯田diamondn.钻石cropn.庄稼,作物marshn.沼泽,湿地orchardn.果园reefn.礁regionn.地区生态特征fragileadj.脆弱的vulnerableadj.易受伤害的endangeredadj.濒危的biodiverseadj.物种丰富的sustainableadj.可持续的thrivingadj.繁荣的,兴旺的significantadj.显著的mercyn.仁慈,宽恕二、词汇变形①agriculturen.农业→agriculturaladj.农业的②appearv.出现;似乎→appearancen.出现;外貌→disappearv.消失③economyn.经济→economicadj.经济(上)的→economicallyadv.经济地④environmentn.环境→environmentaladj.环境的→environmentallyadv.在环境

方面⑤failv.失败→failedadj.失败的→failingn.弱点;缺点→failuren.失败(的人或事）⑥harmonyn.和谐→harmoniousadj.和谐的⑦limitv.限制→limitedadj.有限的→limitationn.限制⑧migratev.移栖,迁徙→migrationn.迁移;移居→migratoryadj.迁徙的⑨officialn.官员adj.正式的,官方的→officiallyadv.官方地,正式地⑩photographv.拍照→photographern.摄影师

probableadj.可能的→probablyadv.可能地

regionn.地区→regionaladj.地区的

remindvt.提醒;使想起→remindern.提醒物

separatev.分离,分开→separableadj.可分隔的→inseparableadj.不可分隔的三、主题词块buildahumancommunitywithasharedfuture构建人类命运共同体createagreenandharmoniousenvironment营造一个绿色、和谐的环境theimprovementofthehabitatsforwildanimals野生动物栖息地的改善arescuecentreforabandonedandinjuredanimals被遗弃和受伤动物救援中心promotebiodiversity促进生物多样性preservenaturalhabitats保护自然栖息地opposeillegalhunting反对非法捕猎setfreewildanimalstonature把野生动物放归自然restoredamagedecosystems恢复受损的生态系统makejointeffortstodosth.共同努力做某事beessentialforthebalanceofecosystems对生态系统的平衡至关重要engageinsustainablepractices参与可持续实践developeco-friendlyhabits养成环保习惯raiseawarenessofenvironmentalissues提高环境问题的意识advocategreenpolicies倡导环保政策takeurgentactiononclimatechange针对气候变化采取紧急行动putanimalsatriskofextinction使动物有灭绝风险encounterwith...遇到……preventsb.doing...阻止某人做……1.adaptvi.适应vt.使适应;使适合感知用法①Inordertobetteradaptourselves

newcircumstances,wemustbereadyandwillingtoacquirenewskills.

(译林XB4U3)②I,togetherwithmyclassmates,haveadaptedashortplay

thetextThe

Necklace,butwemeetwithsometrouble.③Thesebooksarenever-endingresourcesforChinesemovieandTV

(adapt).

(冀教XB1U2)④Bymakingtheworkforcemore

(adapt)andskilled,hehopestoattractforeignin-vestment.◆考点总结adaptto适应adaptoneselfto...使自己适应……adaptAfromB将B改编为Aadapt...for...改变……使适合……adaptationn.适应;改编本adaptableadj.有适应能力的;能适应的答案

①to②from③adaptations④adaptable感知用法①Nutritionandhealthareessentialtousall,soweshouldeata

(balance)diet.②Beforemakingthefinaldecision,you'dbetterbalancetheadvantages

thedisadvantages.③Shecycledroundthecorner,tryingto

(保持平衡).④观光客常常破坏岛上微妙的自然平衡。Touristsoftendisturbthedelicate

ontheisland.◆考点总结keep/loseone'sbalance保持/失去平衡balanceAagainstB权衡/比较A和Bbalanceout抵消balancedadj.平衡的;均衡的2.balancen.平衡;均匀vt.使平衡答案①balanced②against③keepherbalance④balanceofnature感知用法①Weightliftingwasso

(demand),andIwasafraidofgettinginjured,soIwentbikeriding.②There'sanincreaseddemand

organicproducethesedays.③Workersareworkingflatout

(以满足对该产品的需求).④Theworkersdemandedthattheirpay

(raise)by10percent.◆考点总结bein(great)demand

需求(很)大meet/satisfythedemandfor...满足对……的需求demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthat...(should)dosth.要求……做某事demandingadj.要求高的3.demandn.要求;需求vt.强烈要求;需要vi.查问答案①demanding②for③tomeet/satisfythedemandfortheproduct④beraised感知用法①Onlywhenwelearntolive

harmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeand

toourplanet.②Their

(harmony)relationshipresultedinpartfromtheirsimilargoals.③Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureandtheonlywayforustosurviveisto

(与自然和谐相处).◆考点总结liveinharmonywith...与……和谐相处harmoniousadj.和谐的,友好和睦的4.harmonyn.融洽相处,和谐答案①in②harmonious③liveinharmonywithnature感知用法①Topreventfurtherdamagetowaterbodies,itisnecessaryto

(采取一些措施).

(译林B3U1)②Successisnotmeasured

howmuchmoneyyouhavebutbyhowyouunderstandthetruemeaningoflife.

(北师大XB1U2)③Thenewbridgeunderconstruction,

(measure)twiceaslongastheoldone,isduetobecompletedin2027.④You'llneedtogetasuitmade

measure.◆考点总结measure...by...用……来衡量……takemeasures(todosth.)采取措施(做某事)madetomeasure量身定制的5.measuren.措施;方法vt.测量;量度为;估量答案①takesomemeasures②by③measuring④to6.mercyn.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠感知用法①Apersonwhohasnosenseofresponsibilityis

themercyoftheirowncarelessandthoughtlessbehaviour.

(译林XB4U1)②Therulermustberesponsibleandshowmercy

hispeopleinexchangeforobedience.

(冀教XB3U3)③Heissokindtobirdsandbeasts.Hemustbemore

(mercy)tohumanbeings.◆考点总结atthemercyof任凭……摆布showmercytosb.对某人宽大/怜悯outofmercy出于怜悯mercifuladj.仁慈的;慈悲的;宽容的答案①at②to③merciful7.rangen.一系列;范围;界限vi.包括;(在一定范围内)变化感知用法①Heinterviewedthelocalpeopletoget

widerangeofinformation.

(译林XB3U3)②Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,

(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.③Thepriceofthecarranges

20,000dollars

30,000dollars,whichis

hisrange,sohedecidestobuyitatonce.◆考点总结awiderangeof各种各样的within/inone'srange在某人能力范围内rangefrom...to...在……到……的范围内变动;包括从……到……的各类事物答案①a②ranging③from;to;within/in8.remainlinking

v.仍然是vi.剩余;继续存在;仍需去做;逗留;不离去感知用法①Majorquestionsabouthisworkremain

(answer).②Thelightnessandworldlybeautyofthecreaturesremain

(attract).

(重大XB4U6)③Everydayshefeedsthe

(remain)ofhermealstothedog.◆考点总结remain+adj./n.仍然是……sth.remainstobedone某事尚待被做remainsn.残余;残迹答案①tobeanswered②attractive③remains9.significantadj.有重大意义的;显著的感知用法①Itisawisechoicetouseavividimagetoshowthe

(significant)ofwildlifeprotection.②Theparentsshowedspecialconcernfortheirchildrenandattachedmuchsignificance

educatingthem.③老师及时的鼓励对学生来说是非常重要的。Timelyencouragementfromateacheris

students.◆考点总结itissignificantthat...很明显……significancen.意义;重要性besignificant/ofgreatsignificanceto...对……有重要意义attachsignificanceto...认为……重要答案①significance②to③significantto/ofgreatsignificanceto10.surroundvt.围绕;包围感知用法①It'sagoodideaforteenstosurroundthemselves

positiverolemodels.

(北师大XB1U1)②Treesaddtothebeautyofour

(surround),giveuspleasantshadeandhelpmaketheairclean.

(重大B1U6)③The

(surround)villageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.◆考点总结surroundsb./sth.with...使某人/某物被……包围surroundingadj.周围的surroundingsn.环境答案①with②surroundings③surrounding11.guaranteevt.保证;确保;肯定……必然发生n.保证;保修单;担保物感知用法①Hegaveme

guaranteethatitwouldneverhappenagain.②Thatkindofbehaviourisguaranteed

(make)himangry.③Yourwatchwillberepairedfreeifitisstill

guarantee.◆考点总结guaranteetodosth.保证做某事underguarantee在保修期内givesb.aguarantee向某人保证beguaranteedtodosth.肯定会;必定会答案①a②tomake③under一、语篇填空1教材链接(外研B1U5改编)Asanature1.

(photograph),Ialwayshavetogoonworkingoutside

regardlessoftheelements.MyfavouriteplacetotakephotosisYellowstoneNationalPark,whichis2.

(probable)bestknownforitsbears.Lastspring,Ifollowedapaththroughadarkforest.Theviewwasbreathtaking.

Aneagleflewoverthesnow-cappedmountains.WhileIwasconcentrating3.

即练即清

photographingthisamazingscene,IsuddenlyhadafeelingthatI4.

(watch).Slowly,andwiththecamerastillheldtomyeye,Iturned...andfroze.

Onlymetresawayfrommewasabear.Somehow,Iforcedmyfingertopressthe

button,capturingasingleimageforever.Asecondlater,thebearturnedandran

backintotheforest.FromtimetotimeIlookatthephotoasa5.

(remind)toshowrespecttoallanimals.Itisafterallwethatarethevisitorstotheirworld.答案1.photographer2.probably3.on4.wasbeingwatched5.reminder2教材链接(译林B3U1改编)AninterviewaboutpollutioninNorgate6.

(put)oninNews

that

Matterslastnight.Factorieshadcausedwaterandairpollutionandendangeredpublichealth.HeavyindustryshouldbemovedoutofNorgate.Indefence7.

thefactories,however,Mr.Brown,aseniormanagerofalocalfactory,pointed

outthatfactorymanagershadtakenvariousmeasures8.

(reduce)pollution,eventhoughthesemeasuresraisedtheirproductioncosts.Besides,factorieshadhelpedNorgate'seconomyandcreatedjobopportunitiesforlocalresidents.Mrs.Archer,chiefoftheNEPC,heldtheopinionthattheyhadadutytopromote9.

(economy)growthanddifferentbranchesofgovernmentshouldworktogethertoensurethatdevelopment10.

(strategy)couldbefollowedinan11.

(environmental)friendlyway.Finally,thehostmadeaconclusionthatthefortunesofourenvironmentandoureconomywere12.

(separable)andweshouldbuildacleanerworldforourchildren.答案6.wasput7.of8.toreduce9.economic10.strategies11.environmentally

12.inseparable3

Thaiwildlifeofficialshavelaidoutaplan13.

(bring)peacetoa

centralThaicityafteratleastadecadeofhuman-monkeyconflict.

ThemonkeysthathangaroundLopburiareamajortouristdraw.Butafter

yearsofdangerousencounters14.

residentsandvisitorsandseveral15.

(fail)attemptstobringpeacewithpopulationcontrols,16.

(region)residentsandbusinesseshavehadenough.The17.

(authority)hopetocatchsome2,500monkeysandplace

theminmassivewildlifepreserves.They'llworkwithwildlifeexpertstofindaway

fora18.

(limit)numberofmonkeystostayfreelyinthecity.

Officialssaidtheyexpecttoprepareseparatecagesfordifferenttroopsofmon-

keystopreventthem19.

(fight).Anofficialbelievesthatthehugecages

willbeabletocontainthousandsofthemand“willsolvetheproblemvery20.

(quick).”答案13.tobring14.with15.failed16.regional17.authorities18.limited19.

fighting20.quickly二、词块翻译1.Throughcollectiveefforts,wecansecureafuturewhere

(人类和野生生物和睦相处).2.Let'smakejointeffortsto

(营造

一个绿色、和谐的环境).3.Lastweekend,IvisitedtheSmallFriendsPetShelter,

(一个被遗弃和受伤动物救援中心).4.I

(获得宝贵的知识)aboutthechallenges

facingwildlifepopulationsandtheurgentneedforconservationefforts.5.Hightechnologyshouldalsobeappliedto

(野生动物的栖息地的改进).6.Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,theAmazonrainforest

(在……方面起重要作用)maintainingthebalanceoftheEarth's

ecosystem.7.Withtheaimof

(保护生物多样性),aposterdesigncompetitionthemed“BiodiversityProtection”willbeorganizedbytheStudent

Union.8.Wildlifeistheheartbeatofourplanetand

(对生态系统的平衡至关重要).9.Weshouldfirmly

(反对非法狩猎)andtradingofwild

animals.10.Inthelastfewyears,thepopulationofmanywildanimalshasdroppedsharply,

(使它们有灭绝的危险).答案1.humansandwildlifelivetogetherharmoniously/liveinharmony2.createagreenandharmoniousenvironment3.arescuecentreforabandonedandinjuredanimals4.gainedvaluabl