2026届高考英语总复习（第1轮）必修一Unit 3　Getting along with others听课手册

Compulsory1Unit3GettingalongwithothersⅠ.话题单词话题词汇embarrassv.使窘迫

ignorev.不理睬，忽视

cheatv.欺骗；作弊accompanyv.陪同，陪伴

cooperatev.合作，协作

lonelyadj.孤独的aloneadj.单独；独自

friendlyadj.友好的

unfriendlyadj.不友好的colleaguen.同事

fellown.同伴，伙伴

companionn.同伴，伴侣partnern.搭档；合伙人

roommaten.室友，舍友

brotherhoodn.兄弟般的关系

acquaintancen.熟人，认识的人neighbour/neighborn.邻居；邻国

cooperationn.合作conflictn.矛盾；冲突

teamworkn.协同工作promisen.&v.允诺

envyn.&v.妒忌，羡慕

debaten.&v.讨论，辩论

chatn.&v.聊天，闲聊Ⅱ.话题词块tellalie撒谎

keepcalm保持冷静

putupwith容忍，忍受beloyalto对……忠诚

quarrelwithsb.与某人吵架breakup绝交；解散；结束

bepopularwith受……的欢迎dosb.afavour帮某人一个忙

helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事havealotincommon有许多共同点

makefriendswithsb.和某人交朋友believein/trusteachother彼此信任

beready/willingtohelpothers乐于助人keep/breakone'spromise/word遵守/违背诺言haveaneffect/influence/impacton对……有影响keep/stayintouchwithsb.与某人保持联系keepagoodrelationshipwithsb.与某人保持良好关系berude/kind/friendlytosb.对某人无礼/和蔼可亲/友好exchangeideas/emotions/information交流思想/情感/信息promote/strengthen/treasurefriendship增进/巩固/珍惜友谊withone'shelp/encouragement/support在某人的帮助/鼓励/支持下Ⅲ.话题句式1.Youareso

kindandconsideratethat

wehopetobefriendswithyounomatterwhere

youare.你(们)如此善良、体贴，我们希望无论你(们)身在何处，都能成为你(们)的朋友。2.Isincerelyhopethatwemayexchangewith

eachothermoretodevelopourfriendship.我真诚地希望我们彼此之间可以多交流，以增进我们的友谊。3.Neverwill

Iforgetyouandyourkindness.我永远不会忘记你和你的好意。4.Inaword,afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Mayallofustreasurefriendship.总之，患难见真情。愿我们所有人都珍视友谊。Ⅳ.语法填空(一)Friendshipontherocks:pleaseadvise!AmyandJennyhavebeencloseforeightyears1.__________primaryschool.Whethertheyarewalkingtoschool,doinghomework2.__________justhangingoutattheweekend,theyarehardlyoutofeachother'ssight.ButthingschangedlastSaturday.Their3.__________(origin)planwastoseeafilmatthecinemathatafternoon.Butinthemorning,Jennypostedamessageonsocialmedia4.__________(say)shehadacold.Amytoldher5.__________(have)arest.However,insteadofrecoveringathome,shewasouthavingfunwithsomeoneelse.Hearingthis,Amywasannoyed.Asshewasata6.__________(lose)whattodonext,she7.__________(seek)advicefromaforumonline.FromCindy'sviewpoint,thisfriendshipisworthsaving:eightyearsisalongtime!Amyshouldfind8.______opportunitytohaveafullandfranktalkwithherfriend.9._______David'sopinion,itwaswiseofAmytorethinkandevenletgoofthefriendshipifshe10.______________(trick).sinceororiginalsaying

tohavelosssoughtanInhadbeentricked(二)OfFriendshipWhenweseek1.__________(be)alone,wemustbecarefulthatwedon'tescapeintoourownworld.Sociallifeisalsoofimportancetous.2.__________(general)speaking,closefriendshipshavethree“fruits”.Thefirstfruitisthepeace3.__________comesfromsharingwithfriendsourjoy,sadness,successandfailure.Withtruefriends,wefeelfreetosharewhateverwehaveexperienced4.__________fullmeasure.Thesecondoneisthebetterunderstandingand5._________________(judge)thatmaybeachievedby6._____________(communicate)withtruefriends.Asaresult,weoftenfind7.__________easiertodealwithaproblemwithourfriends'help.The8.__________(three)fruitoffriendshipisthehelpafriendmayofferinmanydifferent9.__________(way).Finally,keepitinmindthatfriendsshouldbecarefullychosenandrelationshipscarefully10.__________(develop).tobeGenerallythat/whichinjudgement/judgmentcommunicatingitthirdwaysdeveloped单词通关1.sight

n.视野；视力；看见教材原句：Whetherwe'rewalkingtoschool,doinghomeworkorjusthangingoutattheweekend,we'rehardlyoutofeachother'ssight.(P30)不论我们是步行去上学，做作业，还是周末出去玩，我们俩几乎没有离开彼此的视线。outofone'ssight脱离某人的视线outofsight在视野外；看不见in/withinsight在视野内；可能即将发生，在望atfirstsight乍一看，初看时atthesightof…一看见……catchsightof看到；瞥见losesightof看不见；忽略，忘记comeintosight出现disappearfromsight消失不见sightseeing

n.观光eyesight

n.视力►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Suddenlyhecaughtsight____________hersmallblackvelvethatinthecrowd.②CaoShengkang______________(失去了他的视力)attheageofeightinacaraccident.(2022·全国甲卷)③EverytimeI_____________________(看到我自己)inthemirror,Ifeelsoconfident.④Anagreementonmanyaspectsoftradepolicy______________(即将达成).⑤Ithinkapointthatmanypeople______________(忽略)ishoweasyitcanbetofallbehindschedule.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)⑥Foraverylongmoment,thistinycreaturelookedintomyeyes,turningherheadfromsidetoside.Thensheflewquickly______________(看不见了).(2023·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)oflosthiseyesightcatchsightofmyselfisin/withinsightlosesightofoutofsight2.judge

vt.&vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为n.法官；裁判员教材原句：Don'tbesoquicktojudgeyourfriend.(P31)不要这么快评价你的朋友。•judge…from/by…从……来判断……asfarasIcanjudge据我判断；依我看•judgingby/from…从……来看；根据……来判断(用在句首时作为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响)judgement/judgment

n.判断力；意见；评价；判决►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Theywillcommunicatewiththe____________(judge)onlyforclearandobviouserrorsorseriousmissedincidents.②____________(judge)fromthebookIhaveread,Ithinkheisaverypromisingwriter.③Wearingproperclothesisimportanttoo,forlocalswilljudgeyou___________whatyouwear.④依我看，阅读和写作课程适合你，因为你打算阅读书面文本并分享你的想法。____________________,theReadingandWritingcoursesarefitforyou,becauseyouintendtoreadwrittentextsandshareyourthoughts.(应用文写作之建议信)judgesJudgingfrom/byAsfarasIcanjudge3.apologize

vi.道歉，谢罪教材原句：

Perhapssheknowsshe'sinthewrongandwantstoapologize,ormaybeshehasasimpleexplanationforherbehaviour.(P31)或许她知道自己错了，想道歉，又或许她可以简单地解释自己的行为。apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉apology

n.道歉offeranapology主动道歉makeanapologytosb.for(doing)sth.为(做)某事向某人道歉owesb.anapology＝oweanapologytosb.欠某人一个道歉aletterofapology一封道歉信apologetic

adj.道歉的，谢罪的►

单句语法填空/一句多译①Weapologize____________thedelayandregretanyinconvenienceitmayhavecaused.②Youmustapologize________her________havingkeptherwaiting.③Heofferedasincere__________(apologize)forhisbehaviour.④Iflashedhiman____________(apology)smileasIpulledoutmyPortuguesebankcard.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)⑤我必须为我昨晚的粗鲁行为向他道歉。Imust________________________myrudenesslastnight.(apology)＝Imust________________________myrudenesslastnight.(apologize)fortoforapologyapologeticmakeanapologytohimforapologizetohimfor4.respect

vt.尊重，尊敬n.尊重，敬意；重视；方面教材原句：Imustrespectandsupportthechoiceshemakes.(P37)我必须尊重和支持他的选择。show/haverespectfor尊重win/gain/earnrespect(ofsb.)赢得(某人的)尊重give/pay/sendone'srespectstosb.向某人问候with(alldue)respect恕我直言withrespecttosth.关于；就……而言inthis/that/all/everyrespect在这/那/各个/每个方面inrespectof＝withrespectto关于，就……而言respectful

adj.恭敬的，有礼貌的respectfully

adv.恭敬地，毕恭毕敬地respective

adj.各自的，分别的respectively

adv.各自地，分别地respected

adj.受尊重的respectable

adj.可敬的；品行端正的；可观的，相当大的；体面的►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Youmustshowrespect____________thefeelingofothers.②Thetwogroupsweresimilarwithrespect____________incomeandstatus.③Theymakemefeelvaluedand__________(respect),nomattermylevelofartisticability.(2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)④Putatieon—_______________________________(这样你会显得更体面).(应用文写作之建议信)⑤Tobehonest,thisplanisperfect____________________(在每个方面).fortorespectedit'llmakeyoulookmorerespectableineveryrespect5.seek

(sought,sought)vi.试图；寻找；争取vt.寻求；寻找教材原句：However,whenweseektobealone,wemustbecarefulthatwedonotalwaysescapeintoourownworld.(P39)然而，当我们试图独处的时候，我们必须小心，不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。seektodosth.试图做某事(＝trytodosth.)seekfor/aftersb./sth.寻找某人/寻求某物seeksth.fromsb.向某人寻求某物seekone'sfortune外出闯荡；寻找发财的机会seekadvice/helpfromsb.征求某人的意见/寻求某人的帮助seekout挑选出，物色hideandseek捉迷藏seeker

n.寻求者►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Itisscientists'dutytoseek____________thetruth.②Besides,businessesseek____________(appeal)tocustomers'senses.③Ibelievewecanseek____________asuitablepersonforthispositionfromthecandidates.④Youshould_______________________(征求你的律师的意见)onthismatter.⑤ColescametotheYukoninthe1960s_________________(寻找发财的机会).for/aftertoappealoutseekadvicefromyourlawyertoseekhisfortune6.benefit

n.优势，益处，成效vt.使受益vi.得益于教材原句：Asweliveinsocialgroups,therearemanybenefitsoffriendshipthatwecanenjoy.(P39)由于我们生活在社会群体中，我们可以享受到友谊带来的很多好处。•beofbenefitto对……有益toone'sbenefit对某人有利forthebenefitofsb.为了某人的利益；为了帮助某人havethebenefitof有……的优势；得益于•benefitsb.对某人有益benefitfrom/bysth.从……受益beneficial

adj.有益的，有用的bebeneficialto对……有益►

单句语法填空/一句多译①Enoughsleep,freshairandgoodfoodare__________(benefit)tohealth.②Ihavetypedoutsomelecturenotes__________thebenefitofthosepeoplewhowereabsentlastweek.③However,ifyou'reshoppingforone,buyingextratobenefit__________pricereductionsdoesn'tmakesense.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)④锻炼对我们的健康非常有益。_________________________________________

(goodadj.)＝_______________________________________

(beneficialadj.)＝_______________________________________

(benefitn.)＝_______________________________________(benefitvi.)＝_______________________________________

(benefitvt.)beneficialforfrom/byExerciseisverygoodforourhealth.Exerciseismorethanbeneficialtoourhealth.Workingoutisofgreatbenefittoourhealth.Ourhealthbenefitsalotfromworkingout.Exercisebenefitsourhealthverymuch.词块积累1.makeit

能够出席；准时到达；获得成功教材原句：WhenIcalledher,shesaidshemightnotbeabletomakeittothecinema.(P30)当我打电话给她时，她说她可能去不了电影院了。believeitornot信不信由你

asitis实际情况是；照原样子itisuptosb.由某人决定，取决于某人

takeitfromsb.相信某人的话worthit有好处，值得做

Don'tmentionit.别提了。/不用谢。That'sit.搞定。/完全正确。/就是这样。Takeitorleaveit.要么接受，要么放弃。Takeit/thingseasy.不要慌。/别担心。/沉住气。It/Thatalldepends.那得看情况。►

写出下列句中画线部分的含义①I'msorryIwon'tbeabletomake

it

tothepartyonSaturday. ______________②Theflightleavesintwentyminutes—we'llnevermake

it. ______________③Heneverreallymade

it

asanactor. ______________能够出席准时到达获得成功2.inanycase

无论如何，不管怎样教材原句：Inanycase,findanopportunitytohaveafullandfranktalkwithher.(P31)无论如何，找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈一谈。incase以防incaseof如果，假使innocase决不(位于句首时句子要部分倒装)insome/mostcases在某些情况/大多数情况下inthis/thatcase既然这样/那样asisoftenthecase(with…)(对……而言)这是常有的事情►

单句语法填空/完成句子①____________isoftenthecase,teenagersarefondofplayingonlinegames.②Incase____________anaccident,oneshouldgivetheinjuredpersonfirstaidatonce.③Innocase_______________________________(我们不能违背自然法则)orwe'llmeetendlesssuffering.④Youmaythinkofgivingupstudying.________________(这样的话),justthinkitoverbeforemakingadecision.⑤______________________________(你们有没有过这样的情况)someoneaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestick?AsofcanwegoagainstthelawofnatureInthiscaseHaveyoueverhadacasewhere句式点拨1.whether…or…

引导的让步状语从句教材原句：Whetherwe'rewalkingtoschool,doinghomeworkorjusthangingoutattheweekend,we'rehardlyoutofeachother'ssight.(P30)不论我们是步行去上学，做作业，还是周末出去玩，我们俩几乎没有离开彼此的视线。①whether…or…引导让步状语从句，表示“不论……还是……”。②whether…ornot…无论……是否……③引导让步状语从句的连词(词组)：although、though、as、while、evenif、eventhough、疑问词＋ever、nomatter＋疑问词►

单句语法填空/完成句子①HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeven__________theydidn'thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.(2024·全国甲卷)②Iscomprehensionthesame____________apersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)③Whetheryou'rehikingabackcountrytrail(小径),camping,__________justenjoyingthepark'samazingwildlifefromtheroad,thisquickworkshopisforyouandyourfamily.(2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)④It'snotacaseof______________________________(会不会有人注意到).⑤_____________________________________(无论他去哪里),healwaysgoestovisitthelocalbeautyspotsandplacesofhistoricalinterest.if/thoughwhetherorwhetheranyonewouldnoticeornotWhereverhegoes或Nomatterwherehegoes2.as引导的时间状语从句教材原句：Aswewalkthe“pathoflife”,wemaysometimeswishtobealonewithourownthoughts,forquietperiodsofreflectioncanleadtopersonalimprovement.(P39)当走在“人生的道路”上时，我们有时希望独自思考，因为静思可以实现自我提升。[词语辨析]as表示“当……时；随着”，侧重指从句与主句的动作同时进行，谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词。AswesooncometolearnfromAI

by

Design,AIisalreadysuper­smartandwillbecomemorecapable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow­AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.(2024·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)随着我们很快从AI

by

Design中学习，人工智能已经是超级智能的，并且将变得更加强大，从当前一代的“窄域人工智能”转向通用人工智能。when表示“当……时”，所引导的从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词；谓语动词的动作可以与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生，也可以是之前或之后发生。Jack,howdidyougettoschoolwhenyouwereinprimaryschool?(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)杰克，你上小学的时候怎么去上学?while表示“当……时；和……同时”，所引导的从句中的谓语动词应为延续性动词，不用短暂性动词，谓语动作发生的时间通常与主句谓语动词动作发生时间相同。Hediscoveredthathecouldearnsomemoneywhiledoingsomethinghereallyenjoyed.他发现，他可以在做一些他真正喜欢的事情的同时赚一些钱。状语从句中可省略与主句相同的“主语＋be动词”，还可省略“it＋be动词”。提示►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Hebecameinterestedinalternativetreatments20yearsago______________hesufferedfromterriblebackpain.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)②______________Iwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.③______________Iwasateenager,aneighbourhoodfriendwonamarathonrace.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)④______________timewentby,hegraduallyrecoveredfromtheillness.⑤Andarelisteningtoandviewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenword_____________________________(当涉及相同的材料时)?(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)when/asWhen/As/WhileWhen/AsAswhencoveringthesamematerial素养挑战Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation­onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye­catchingfeatures.Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?“Quitealot，”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell­sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”1.Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?A.Theyarebecomingoutdated.B.Theyaremostlyinelectronicform.C.Theyarelimitedinnumber.D.Theyareusedforpublicexhibition.2.WhatdoesDaru'sstudyfocuson?A.Threatenedspecies. B.Physicalspecimens.C.Observationaldata. D.Mobileapplications.3.Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?A.Mistakesindataanalysis.B.Poorqualityofuploadedpictures.C.Improperwayofsampling.D.Unreliabledatacollectiondevices.4.WhatisDaru'ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?A.Reviewdatafromcertainareas.B.Hireexpertstochecktherecords.C.Confirmtheidentityoftheusers.D.Giveguidancetocitizenscientists.答案及解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，数字生物多样性记录存在偏差，建议应用程序引导公民科学家获取更好的数据。1.B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.”可知，现在大多数生物多样性的记录都是以照片、视频和其他电子形式存在的。2.C推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Theseobservationsnowoutnumber…Aretheyusable?”和第三段可知，Daru的研究重点是这些数据在多大程度上代表了实际的全球生物多样性。所以他的研究聚焦的是“观察数据”。3.C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“…likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientist…rightnexttoit”和第五段可知，收集生物采样数据的人，对于采样区域、采样时段以及采样物种的选择有一定的主观性，这些不当的采样方式会导致收集到的数据产生偏差。4.D推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Daru认为生物多样性应用程序可以根据研究结果引导采样人员关注样本采集不足的地区和物种，鼓励他们让专家确认上传样本图片中的物种名称。因此，Daru建议生物多样性应用程序给采样人员提供一些指导意见。“说明文”答题技能第一步细读文章重点：关注文章结构；文章主题句；各段首末句；体现作者观点态度的词句。第二步明确说明对象：通读全文，明确作者是针对哪一个说明对象从不同的角度和侧面对其加以说明的。在阅读过程中要概括、总结每一段说明的侧重点，理清各段之间的逻辑联系，加深对说明对象的理解。第三步弄清说明顺序：在说明的过程中作者会选择合理的说明顺序对说明对象进行有条不紊的解说。把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加深对整篇文章的理解。“说明文”答题技能第四步把握作者态度：