2026届高考英语总复习（第1轮）必修三Unit 2　Natural disasters听课手册

Compulsory3Unit2

NaturaldisastersⅠ.话题单词话题词汇threatenv.威胁

ruinv.毁坏

irrigatev.灌溉punishv.惩罚，处罚

overlookv.忽略；眺望

preventv.阻止advocatev.拥护，支持，提倡

severeadj.十分严重的

poisonousadj.有毒的harmoniousadj.和谐的

steadyadj.稳固的，平稳的

urgentadj.紧急的

frightenedadj.受惊吓的，害怕的

eco­friendly/environment­friendlyadj.环保的

meanwhileadv.同时deliberatelyadv.不慌不忙地，小心翼翼地；蓄意resourcen.资源

shortagen.缺少，不足

rubbish/garbagen.垃圾

littern.垃圾v.乱扔

burdenn.重担，负担v.(使)担负declinen.&v.减少，下降，衰退

preserven.保护区v.保护；保存Ⅱ.话题词块sortthegarbage分类垃圾

bring…undercontrol对……加以控制useup＝runoutof用完；用尽

asenseofresponsibility责任感goagainstnature违背自然

raisetheawarenessof唤醒……意识liveinharmonywith与……和谐相处

environment­friendlyproducts环保产品dealwithrubbishproperly正确处理垃圾

developrenewableresources发展可再生资源callon/appealtosb.todosth.号召/呼吁某人做某事don'tlitter/spiteverywhere不要随地扔垃圾/吐痰improveourlivingconditions改善我们的居住条件live/advocatealow­carbonlife过/提倡低碳生活makeproperuseofwaterresources合理利用水资源saveandtreasureourresources节约并珍惜我们的资源dogreatharmtoourdailylife对我们的日常生活非常有害enjoyamoreharmoniousenvironment享受更加和谐的环境Ⅲ.话题句式1.Allanimalsandplantsareimportant,becauseeachspeciescontributesto

thevarietyoflifeformsontheEarthandplaysanimportantrolein

maintaininglife.所有动植物都很重要，因为每一个物种都有助于地球上生命种类的多样性的形成，而且对维持生命起着重要作用。2.Recentyearshaveseenabigincreaseinnaturaldisasters,suchasearthquakes,hurricanesandfloods,whicharebigthreatsto

people'slives.近年来，地震、飓风和洪水等自然灾害大幅增加，对人们的生命构成了巨大威胁。3.Manytreesarebeingcutdown

andmoreandmoreforestsarelost,makinganimalslosetheirhomestolivein.许多树木正在被砍伐，越来越多的森林消失，这使得动物们失去了它们赖以生存的家园。4.Weshouldprotectwildanimalsandrealizeharmoniouscoexistence

betweenmanandnature!我们应该保护野生动物，实现人与自然和谐共处！Ⅳ.语法填空On17March,aterribleearthquakehitthecountryatFalmontPrimarySchool.7werekilledandover200were1.__________(injure)inthedisasterareaatlarge,2.__________only5studentssufferingslightinjuries.Howdidthemiraclecomeout?AliceBrown,headteacheratFalmontPrimarySchoolsaidtheypractisedearthquakesafetyprocedurestwiceayear,3.________thekidswerecalmenoughtoprotect4.__________(they)duringtheearthquake.On20December,atsunami5.___________(race)acrossnearGoldshore,6.__________(leave)thousandsdead.GoldshoreBeachwastheonlylocalbeach7.__________(survive)thedisasterwithoutany8.________(lose)oflife.Sabrina,a10­year­oldgirl,rescuedpeople'sliveswithherbasicknowledgeoftsunamis.Inaword,onlywhenwehave9.__________goodknowledgeofnaturecanwekeepussafeandsoundinthefaceofa10.__________(destroy)disaster.

injuredwithsothemselves

racedleavingtosurvivelossadestructive单词通关1.reactionn.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应教材原句：Herstudents'reactionwasquickandcorrect—theymovedundertheirdesks,headfirst,andheldontothelegsofthedesks.(P16)她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头朝里，爬到课桌下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。one'sreactionto…某人对……的反应react

vi.对……作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应reacttosth.对……作出反应

reactwithsth.与……起化学反应reactbydoingsth.以……方式作出反应

reactagainst反对，反抗►

单句语法填空①Therehasbeenamixedreaction__________herappointment.②Feministsreacted___________thelimitationsofwomen'straditionalroles.③Elliereacted___________marchingoutoftheroom.④Therehasbeenamixed___________(react)tothesecharityactivities.Afterall,theyarecollectingmoneyfromordinarypeople.

toagainstbyreaction2.signalvi.&vt.发信号，示意；标志

n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯教材原句：Shesignalledtoherstudentstoexittheclassroominanorderlylinecoveringtheirheadswiththeirhands.(P16)她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。•signal(to)sb.todosth.示意某人做某事signaltosb.forsth.向某人示意要某物signal(sb.)that…示意(某人)……•adanger/warningsignal危险/警告信号trafficsignal交通信号灯►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Thechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarning__________(signal)thatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.②Assoonashesatdownatthetable,hesignalled_________thewaitertobringthemenu.③正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。TheLanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth,____________________theSpringFestivalcelebrations.(话题写作之传统文化)signalstosignallingtheendof3.reliefn.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济教材原句：Tohergreatrelief,theofficerimmediatelyrealizedthecomingdanger.(P17)使她大为宽慰的是，这名安全员立即意识到了即将到来的危险。toone's(great)relief使某人(大为)宽慰的是in/withrelief放心地，如释重负地，松了口气breatheasighofrelief松了口气

reliefof/from减轻(焦虑、痛苦等)reliefsupplies/materials救灾物资

reliefeffort救灾工作emergencyrelief紧急救济

disasterrelief赈灾itisarelieftodosth.做某事是令人欣慰的relieve

vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解relievesb.ofsth.帮助某人减轻(负担)；将某人从……解脱出来；免除某人的职务relieved

adj.感到宽慰的，放心的►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Attheconference,ithasbeendecidedthatasecretarywillbehiredtorelievethemanager__________someoftheadministrativework.②Tomy__________(relieve),theysmiledpolitelybackatmewhentheysawmysmile,andIcouldseetheirexhaustionintheireyes.③Ifeelso____________(relieve)thatIhaven'tgottotakethemathexam.④Thismedicineprovidesrelief____________theacheforthetimebeing,butitcan'tcureyouofthedisease.⑤在这次事故中没有人死亡或受重伤，这是令人宽慰的。_____________________________________________________orseriouslyinjuredintheaccident.

ofreliefrelievedof/fromItisareliefthatnobodywaskilled或Itisareliefthatnoonedied4.informvt.了解，熟悉；通知教材原句：Remembertoinformyourselfofwhatisgoingon.(P19)记得要了解事态的进展。informsb.of/aboutsth.告知某人某事informed

adj.有学问的，有见识的keepsb.informedof/aboutsth.使某人随时得知某事information

n.[U]信息，情报，资料informationabout/on…关于……的信息apieceofinformation一条消息►

单句语法填空①Iamwritingtoseeifitispossibleforyoutoprovidemewith____________(inform)concerningtheinterview.②Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusers_____________oversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell­sampled.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷)③Pleasekeepmefully____________(inform)ofanydevelopments.

informationof/aboutinformed5.shockn.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动

vt.使震惊教材原句：Asyoucanimagine,itwasabitofashock.(P20)你可以想象，这有点令人震惊。•beashock是令人震惊的事情/情况/消息•itshockssb.todosth.做某事使某人感到震惊shocked

adj.感到震惊的beshockedby/at…对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth.因做某事而感到震惊shocking

adj.令人气愤的，惹人憎恶的►

单句语法填空①InherfirstP.E.class,Evawas_________(shock)

whenCoachPittannouncedthateveryonehadtorunonemilearoundthetrackoutside.(2024·全国新课标Ⅰ卷·浙江)②Scientistshavecomeupwitha__________(shock)idea.③WeknewRobhadcancer,butitstillcameas__________shockwhenhedied.④Thebookwasoriginallythoughttobetoo__________(shock)topublish.⑤Wewereshocked__________theirterribleworkingconditions.

shockedshockingashockingat/by6.scarevt.&vi.

惊吓，害怕

n.恐慌；惊吓教材原句：Thestrongwindandheavyraindidn'tscareme,butIwasquitefrightenedduringthepowerfailure.(P20)狂风暴雨并没有把我吓到，但是停电期间把我吓坏了。scareoff/away…把……吓跑scaresb.into/outofdoingsth.恐吓某人做/不做某事scaresb.todeath把某人吓得要死scared

adj.惊吓，害怕(描述人)bescaredofsb./(doing)sth.害怕某人/(做)某事bescaredtodosth.(由于害怕)不敢做某事scary

adj.恐怖的，吓人的(描述事物)scarymovie恐怖电影►

单句语法填空①Thecutelittleanimalswerescared________bytheloudnoise.②Asthelineofpeoplecametowardme,Igotalittle________(scare).(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷·浙江)③Hearingthe________bearletoutanangryroar,Iwastoo________tomoveaninch.(scare)④Localbusinesseswerescared________payingprotectionmoney.⑤Therehasbeenquite________scareaboutthepossiblesideeffectsofthisnewdrug.⑥Thoughsomeareinitiallyscared________theinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.(2023·全国新课标Ⅱ卷)off/awayscaredscaryscared

intoaof7.supplyn.补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备vt.供应，供给，提供教材原句：Wereyouafraidofrunningoutofsupplies?(P20)你担心用光补给品吗?•(be)inshortsupply供应不足，短缺supplyanddemand供应与需求•supplysb.withsth.＝supplysth.tosb.向某人提供某物►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Atthebeginningofthesemester,studentsaresupplied_________alistofbooksthattheyareexpectedtoread.②Beforeheknewit,Nicholaswaslost,allalone!Hedidn'thavefood,water,aphone,orother__________(supply).③供求规律支配着商品的价格。___________________________governsthepricesofgoods.④战争爆发后，这个地区的食物供应不足。Thefoodinthisregion__________________

afterthewarbrokeout.

withsuppliesThelawofsupplyanddemandwasinshortsupply8.donatevt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)教材原句：Luckily,manypeoplecametohelp,donatingfoodandclothestocharities.(P20)幸运的是，许多人来帮忙，给慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。donatesth.tosb./sth.向某人/某机构捐赠某物donation

n.捐赠物，捐赠，赠送makeadonationto…向……捐赠donator

n.捐赠者donated

adj.捐赠的►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Andthenhewoulddonatethem_________folkswhocouldtrulyusethembutdidn'thavethebudgettobuyone.②Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytaking_________(donate)andcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)③MikeCurtinseesmyarugula(芝麻菜)storyallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12boxesof_________(donate)strawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)④我惊奇地发现那位老人给慈善机构捐了这么多钱。Iamamazedtofindthat___________________________________________.(读后续写之升华主题)

todonationsdonatedtheoldmandonatedsomuchmoneytothecharity9.curiousadj.好奇的；奇特的教材原句：Shewascurioustoseehowmuchwatertherewasoutside.(P23)她很好奇，想看看外面有多少水。be/becomecuriousabout…对……感到好奇becurioustodosth.急于做某事，想做某事itiscuriousthat………真是奇怪curiously

adv.好奇地curiosity

n.好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品outofcuriosity出于好奇satisfy/raiseone'scuriosity满足/增加某人的好奇心asenseofcuriosity出于好奇in/withcuriosity好奇地►

单句语法填空/改写句子①Don'tbetoocurious__________thingsyou'renotsupposedtoknow.②Theboyis__________watchingwhattheoldmanisdoinginthegardenandheisalways__________abouttheworldoutsideandshowsgreat__________aboutwhatisgoingoninnature.(curious)③__________________(出于好奇),sheenteredtheroomandopenedthebox.④Thewomanintheshoplookedatthemcuriously.＝Thewomanintheshoplookedatthem________________.

aboutcuriouslycuriouscuriosity

Outofcuriosityin/withcuriosity10.rescuen.&vt.救援，营救，抢救教材原句：Dogshavebeenveryhelpfulinrescueeffortsonland.(P27)狗在陆地上的救援工作中很有帮助。•come/gotoone'srescue营救某人，帮助某人rescueworker营救人员

rescuedog搜救犬•rescuesb.from…从……中营救某人berescuedbysb.被某人拯救rescuer

n.救援者►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Thelittlegirlwasrescued_____aburningbuildingwhenthedisasteroccurred.②ThesisterswereagreeablysurprisedtofindoutthattheKingofSpainhadbeentheir_______(rescue).③Forexample,teachingJackytoswimmeanshehastobelievethat,whenhe'sswimminginthebigpool,______________________(我会帮助他)ifhisdoggypaddleletshimdown.(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷·浙江)④营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。_________________dashedtothespotlikearrows,offeredfirstaidtotheinjuredandthenrushedthemtothenearesthospital.(读后续写之动作描写)

fromrescuerI'llcometohisrescueTherescueteam词块积累1.occurto

被想到，浮现在脑中教材原句：Itimmediatelyoccurredtoherthattheseweresignsofanapproachingtsunami.(P17)她立刻意识到这些是海啸来临的征兆。sth.occurstosb.＝itoccurstosb.that…某人突然想到……表示“某人突然想起……”的短语和句型还有：sth.hits/strikessb.、ithits/strikessb.that…、sth.comestoone'smind等。提示occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。►

单句语法填空/一句多译①Agoodideaoccurred__________mewhenIwokeupthismorning.②__________neveroccurredtomethatheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.③Iwasgoingalongthestreet,lookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccident__________(occur).④我突然想到可以让人把书寄给我。It__________methatIcouldhavethebooksenttome.＝It__________methatIcouldhavethebooksenttome.＝It__________methatIcouldhavethebooksenttome.

toItoccurredoccurredtohitstruck2.runout(of)

用完，耗尽教材原句：Wereyouafraidofrunningoutofsupplies?(P20)你担心用光补给品吗?runacross偶然遇见/看见

runafter追逐，追赶；追求runaway(from)突然离开，逃离

runinto撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等)runover撞倒并碾轧[词语辨析]runout

意为“……用完了”，是不及物动词短语，后面不接宾语，其主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等。runoutof

意为“用完了……”，是及物动词短语，后面需接宾语，表示主动意义，主语一般是人。►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Conditionsaregettingworseandsuppliesarerunning__________.②Tomhappenedtorun__________JennieintheparklastSunday.③Marvinlikestorun__________ballsinthebackyard.④Hewasrun__________andhadtobetakentohospital.⑤Ican'taffordtobuythedictionary,becauseI______________________(已经用光了我的钱).outacross/intoafterover

haverunoutofmymoney句式点拨1.therebesb./sth.doingsth.

有……正在做某事教材原句：Therewereloudcrashesofglassbreakingandthingsfallingtotheground,butthestudentsremainedstillandwaitedcalmlyandquietly.(P16)尽管玻璃破碎和物体落地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。①therebesb./sth.doingsth.表示“有某人或某物正在做某事”。其中doingsth.是现在分词作后置定语，所表示的动作和前面的人或事物存在主谓关系。②在therebe句型中，当主语为多个并列的名词时，be动词的形式与离它最近的名词保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Therearenow700elderlypeople________(look)afterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)②Therearesomepeople______________(正在摘苹果)onthefarm.

lookingpickingapples2.动词不定式作结果状语教材原句：Thatmorning,IturnedontheTVforsomelocalnews,onlytohearthatahurricanewasonitsway.(P20)那天早上，我打开电视看当地新闻，结果却听到飓风马上就要来了。①动词不定式作结果状语时，主要表示没有预料到的情况和结果，即意料之外的事。该用法通常与副词only连用。②并非所有表示结果的不定式都含有这种“意外”的效果，下列结构中的不定式也可构成结果状语：too…todo…(太……而不能……)、enoughtodo…(足够做……)、so/such…astodo…(如此……以至于……)。提示现在分词作结果状语通常表示一种自然的结果，即预料之中的事。►

单句语法填空/完成句子①Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,only__________(find)thatnootherguesthadarrivedandmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.(2023·北京卷)②Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentsoasnot____________(lose)hisjob.③Shegotthere,only___________________________________(结果被告知他们已经度假去了).

tofindtolosetobetoldthattheyhadgoneonholiday素养挑战Ⅰ.阅读理解(2025·湖南长沙)Asnightfellonthefirstdayofthesemester,IknewIshouldgotobed.Instead,Iopenedmylaptoptorevisitadifficultresearchproblemthathadbeentakingupmyattentionwhileothertaskspiledup.Somethingwasn'taddingupinavitaldataset,andIwasunderpressuretofigureitoutasquicklyaspossible.IfIcouldjustmakealittleheadwaybeforebed,IwassureIwouldsleepbetterandawakereadytotackleallthoseothertasks—lecturestopolish,grantstowrite,emailstosend.Butitwasnottobe.Myworkwasrushedandfruitless,andbythetimeIgaveup,Ihadlostallbut3hoursofsleep.Asanewassistantprofessor,Ifigurednightslikethiswerejustpartofthejob.ButI'vesincelearnedthatbusyperiodsdon'thavetospinoutofcontrol.SoIdecidedtoestablishascheduledresetforwork.EverySaturdaynightthroughMondaymorning,Iwouldshutoffallemailnotificationstomyphoneandstrivetokeepmylaptopshut.Iknewitwasn'tmuch,butIthoughttheonce­a­weekcommitmentwouldbeapossiblestartingpoint.Almostinstantly,mySaturdaynightofdisablingemailnotificationsbecameaweeklyhighlight.IwasabletokeepmyheadclearerandmorepresentonSundays,whichallowedmetoenjoytimewithfamilyandengagewithpersonalintereststhatnurtured(培养)thenon­workpartsofmyidentity.OnMondays,Ifoundmyselfreturningtotheofficewithasenseofliveliness.Thequalityofmyworkimprovedduringtheday,givingmefreedomtodecidewhetherIwantedtocontinuewithanythingintheevening.

Thereweresetbacks.Eventoday,therearetimeswhenIgiveworktoomuchofmyattention.ButtheweeklyresetgivesmeawaytoregainmybalancequickerthanIotherwisewould.1.Whydidtheauthorstayuplateonthefirstdayofthesemester?A.Hehadtosendimportantemails.B.Heneededtogathermoredata.C.Hewasanxiousaboutthenewsemester.D.Hewantedtomakeprogressontheresearch.2.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromparagraph1?A.Hesleptanaverageof3hours.B.Hewasenergeticanddemanding.C.Hemanagedtocompletehisresearchbeforebed.D.Hewasoccupiedwithtasksandwantedachange.3.Whatwastheprimarybenefittheauthorgotfromthereset?A.Ithelpedhimmaintainaclearmindandfeelrefreshed.B.Itreducedhisoverallstressandanxietylevels.C.Itallowedhimtochooseexactlywhentowork.D.Itenabledhimtoprotecthiseyesmuchbetter.4.Howdidtheauthorchangetomanagehiswork?A.Hebegantostrugglewithanunsustainableworkpace.B.Heturnedtohisfamilyandfriendsforhelpmoreoften.C.Hebecamemorestrictanddisciplinedinhisworkhabits.D.Hefoundabetterbalancebetweenworkandpersonallife.答案及解析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者在匆忙又毫无结果的工作后意识到忙碌的时期并不一定会失去控制，制订一个时间表让自己更好地平衡好工作与生活。1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Instead,Iopenedmylaptoptorevisitadifficultresearchproblemthathadbeentakingupmyattentionwhileothertaskspiledup.(相反，我打开笔记本电脑，重新审视一个一直占据我注意力的研究难题，与此同时，其他任务堆积如山。)”以及“IfIcouldjustmakealittleheadwaybeforebed,IwassureIwouldsleepbetterandawakereadytotackleallthoseothertasks—lecturestopolish,grantstowrite,emailstosend.(如果我能在睡前取得一点进展，我确信我会睡得更好，醒来时准备好处理所有其他任务——要润色的演讲，要写的资助申请，要发送的电子邮件。)”可知，作者在学期的第一天熬夜是为了让自己的研究取得一点进展。故选D。2.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“IfIcouldjustmakealittleheadwaybeforebed,IwassureIwouldsleepbetterandawakereadytotackleallthoseothertasks—lecturestopolish,grantstowrite,emailstosend.(如果我能在睡前取得一点进展，我确信我会睡得更好，醒来时准备好处理所有其他任务——要润色的演讲，要写的资助申请，要发送的电子邮件。)”可知，作者要做的事情很多，结合下文的“Butitwasnottobe.Myworkwasrushedandfruitless,andbythetimeIgaveup,Ihadlostallbut3hoursofsleep.Asanewassistantprofessor,Ifigurednightslikethiswerejustpartofthejob.ButI'vesincelearnedthatbusyperiodsdon'thavetospinoutofcontrol.(但事实并非如此。我的工作既匆忙又毫无结果，当我放弃的时候，我只剩下3个小时的睡眠时间。作为一名新上任的助理教授，我以为这样的夜晚只是工作的一部分。但我后来明白了，忙碌的时期并不一定会失去控制。)”可知，作者想改变现在的工作状况，认为忙碌的时候也不应失去控制。故选D。3.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“IwasabletokeepmyheadclearerandmorepresentonSundays,whichallowedmetoenjoytimewithfamilyandengagewithpersonalintereststhatnurtured(培养)thenon­workpartsofmyidentity.(我能够在周日保持头脑更清醒并更专注，这让我能够享受与家人在一起的时光，并投入个人兴趣中，这些兴趣培养了我身份的非工作部分。)”可知，每周重置让作者保持头脑更清醒并更专注，结合下文的“OnMondays,Ifoundmyselfreturningtotheofficewithasenseofliveliness.Thequalityofmyworkimprovedduringtheday,givingmefreedomtodecidewhetherIwantedtocontinuewithanythingintheevening.(周一，我发现自己回到办公室时充满了活力。白天我的工作质量提高了，这让我可以自由地决定晚上是否要继续做任何事情。)”可知，每周重置让作者在周一感觉充满活力，提高了白天的工作质量。由此可知，每周重置帮助作者保持头脑清醒，感觉神清气爽。故选A。4.D推理判断题。根据尾段“Thereweresetbacks.Eventoday,therearetimeswhenIgiveworktoomuch