人教版高一上学期英语（必修二）《Unit 1 Cultural Heritage》单元检测卷带答案

第第页人教版高一上学期英语（必修二）《Unit1CulturalHeritage》单元检测卷带答案学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________考号：___________Part1单元语法讲义--关系副词引导的限制性定语从句关系副词在引导定语从句时,其功能相当于介词短语,在从句中作状语。引导定语从句的关系副词有when、where、why。关系副词先行词功能when表时间的名词时间状语where表地点的名词地点状语why表原因的名词原因状语1．when引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time，day，year，month，week等)且在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句要用when引导。IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirstbecameacollegestudent.我仍然记得我初为大学生的那段时光。(2)when可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。Ihaveforgottentheexactdatewhen(＝onwhich)thiscountrybecameindependent.我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。(3)当先行词表示时间，且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，不能用when，而要用关系代词that或which引导定语从句(作宾语时关系词可省略)。I'llrememberthedays(which/that)Ispentwithyou.我会记得和你度过的那些日子。2．where引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是表示地点的名词(如place，room，mountain等)且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句要用where引导。Thisisthehotelwhere(＝inwhich)theyarestaying.这就是他们住的旅馆。(2)where可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。Thisisthehotelwhere(＝inwhich)theyarestaying.这就是他们住的旅馆。(3)当先行词是表示地点的名词，且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，用关系代词that或which引导定语从句(作宾语时关系词可省略)。Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/thatmakesradioparts.他的父亲在一家生产收音机零件的工厂工作。(4)如果先行词为表示抽象地点的名词(如case，state，condition，position，point，situation等)，且定语从句中成分完整时，用关系副词where引导。Wehavereachedapointwhereachangeisneeded.我们到了必须改一改的地步。Hegetsintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。ItputsmeinapositionwhereIcan'taffordtotakethejob.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。3．why引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句要用why引导。(2)可以用forwhich来代替why。Thisisthereasonwhy(＝forwhich)heleavessosoon.这就是他匆匆离去的原因。[名师点津](1)有时为了表达得更清楚，可以在关系副词where/when前加上介词to，from等。(2)对一些特殊的先行词如time，day，house，place，reason等要注意具体情况具体分析，作主语、宾语和表语可用that/which引导定语从句，作状语可用when/where/why等或“介词＋which”引导定语从句。Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites，fromwherekitesspreadtoJapan，Korea，ThailandandIndia.中国是风筝的故乡，风筝从这里传到了日本、韩国、泰国和印度。I'llneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether.我永远不会忘记我们在一起工作的日子。(作状语)I'llneverforgetthedays(which/that)wespenttogetherlastsummer.我永远不会忘记我们去年夏天一起度过的日子。(作宾语)Part2读后续写素材读后续写技巧之八步成文法情绪：情绪描写几乎无法掩饰他的兴奋的心情：canhardlyconceal既兴奋又开心：amixtureofexcitementand激发某人的激情：kindlesb.with/topassion显示出极大的意愿：showagreaterreadiness被强烈地吸引：bepowerfullyattractedto心情愉快：incheerfulspirits振作精神：keepupone’sspirits满意的表情：asatisfiedlook对...感到满意：becontentwith对...很高兴：bedelightedat为成功而欣喜：beexcitedwithjoyatthesuccess被...场面所吸引：befascinatedbythespectacleof被她的美貌所吸引：befascinatedwithherbeauty因...而高兴：bejoyfulover/about喜爱，对...着迷:bekeenon快乐至极：beoverwhelmedwith高兴地跳起来：dance/jumpforjoy欣喜若狂：bewildwithdelight—个令人鼓舞的表情：anencouragingexpression过一个愉快的假日：haveapleasantholiday心满意足，非常幸福：onthetopoftheworld对...感到非常高兴：overjoyedat/todo流下幸福的泪水：tearsofhappinessflowingdown乐得大叫：yellwithdelight使某人心情愉快：brightensb’sheart使某人安心：setone’sheartatrest感到鼓舞的：feelinspired/encouraged精神高涨：beinhighspirits强烈的失落感：astrongsenseofloss陷入绝望：fallintodespair让他很伤感：puthimintoasentimentalmood避免陷入消极的旋涡：avoidgettingsuckedintoawhirlpoolofnegativity哭泣释放苦闷情绪：cryinggivessomeemotionalrelease减轻某人的痛苦/烦恼：easesbofhispain/trouble因某人的死亡而痛心：breakone’sheartoverone’death使某人悲痛：makeone’sheartbleed伤心而死：dieofabrokenheart悲痛欲绝：cryone’sheartout怀着沉重的心情：withaheavyheart沮丧的：withasinkingheart忧郁的：withsorrowfulheart惊慌失措：beseizedwilhpanic有点惊讶：comeassomethingofasurprise感到极度疲劳和难以招架：feelexhaustedandoverwhelmed很可能引发一阵挫败感：beextremelylikelytoraiseastormoffrustration感到一阵悲伤：aflashofgriefcameuponsb.情绪低落：bedowninspirits垂头丧气：loseone’sspirit心里悲伤：besadatheart意志消沉：abrokenspirit引起某人的不快：arouseone’sdispleasure对某人的行为感到不满：bedispleasedatone’sconduct易为琐事而恼火：beeasilyannoyedattrifles气得说不出话：bespeechlesswithindignation不断地抱怨：complainconstantly对某人大发脾气：rageatsb.怒火万丈：flamehigh气得满脸通红：flamewithanger勃然大怒：flyintoarage对某人生气：getirritatedat对某人勃然大怒：getmad/crossatsb.愁眉苦脸：haveaworriedlook对抱怨不予理会：ignore/disregardacomplaint对...表示不满：express/voiceacomplaintabout怒气冲冲地跑出房间：runoutoftheroomina愤怒地跺脚：stampone’sfootinanger感到尴尬的：feelembarrassed感到困惑的：feelpuzzled/confused感到沮丧：feelfrustrated/depressed感到恶心的：feeldisgusted/sickened感到恼怒的：feelannoyed感到愤怒的：feelirritated感到泄气的：feeldiscouraged充满怨恨的眼神：aresentfullook细节：进一步解释描写第3步：转折：个人的努力或者借助外界的力量，使事情发生转折。第4步：转机：--事情似乎有了转机，让人抱有希望，心理能感到安慰。第5步：失望：问题还未解决或出现了新问题第6步：想法：面对没有解决的问题或者新问题，突然有了想法或感触。第7步：结局：在想法或感触的影响下，事情有了最后的转折/转机。第8步：总结：点题，呼应前文Part3单元语法+读后续写即时检测一、单句语法填空1．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）ZhongWen’an,chiefengineerattheXichangSatelliteLaunchCenter,saidtheyhadcompletedthemostextensiverehearsalbeforelaunch,isalsothefinaljointrehearsal.2．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Inthefuture,scientistsplantousesustainablesuppliesofcellscanbemaintainedinthelab.3．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）NorthernKenyaisavast,variedandbreathtakinglybeautifullandscapeyoucanfindthe“TowersoftheSavanna”—reticulated(网纹的)giraffes.4．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）Themeatfillingmightconsistofchoppedpork,beeforchickenhasbeencookedwithavarietyofspices.5．（23-24高三上·福建·开学考试）Salesdirectorisapositioninteractiontechniqueisjustasvitalassalescompetence.6．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）Childrenshouldbeencouragedtogetinvolvedincommunityactivitiestheycangainexperienceforgrowth.7．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Manydevelopingcountriesrelyontheexportofagriculturalproductshavebecomefearfuloffamineordrought­likesituations.8．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Somepeoplegrowupinmoreformalfamilieshuggingisn’tcommon.Othersmayexperienceabusethatmakeshuggingunpleasant.9．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）WoeslersaidthatoneofthereasonsmodernChineseliteraturehasattractedhimisthatmanyworkshavestrongregionalcharacteristics.10．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Tom'slovefortheChinesebambooflutestartedinelementaryschool,clearsoundguidedhimontotheroadofflutelearning.11．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Theresearcheralsothrewlightonatruththataround50,000microfibersfelloffthesurfaceofjeanswouldfindtheirwayintoourbodieseverytimetheywerecleaned.12．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Chinahasmanymuseumsinthecollectionsofculturalrelicsarebeyondcount.Itwouldbeapityifsomanyculturalrelicsandculturalheritageswereonlydisplayedinmuseumcabinets，lifelessandcold.13．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Intheshow,theactorsandactressesarealsojoinedbydesignerswillcreateproductsbasedonwhattheysee.14．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）SpringteaduringGrainRainisrichinvitaminsandaminoacids,canhelptoremoveheatfromthebodyandisgoodfortheeyes.15．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Somepeopleintentionistomakebigmoneyappreciatebeinggivenanychancetomultiplytheirincome,believingthatiswheretheirhappinesslies.16．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Itwillbeguidedbythree“redlines”,oneofwillincludeabout103millionhectaresofpermanentfarmlandwiththeaimofboostingsafety,improvingqualityandpreventingnonagriculturaluse.17．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Besidescleanwaterandrefreshingair,thevillageimpressesmanywithitsstonestreets,ancient-stylefarmhousesandvariousvenuespeoplecangohiking,playbaseballandgofishing.18．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Thecustomisparticularlypopularinthevastcountryside,everyhouseholdwillbebusycleaningthewholehouseandstickingcolorfulpicturesorpapercuttingsontheirdoors,windowsandwalls.19．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Thankstocommunicationsatellites,wecanseetelevisionpicturestransmitted（传送）acrosstheglobe,andwecancommunicatewithourfriendsandbusinesspartnersarefarawayfromus.20．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Anelephantherdfascinatedlocalsandotherpeoplearoundtheworldbymakinga500-kilometertripthroughsouthwesternChinafinallyreturnedhome.21．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Besidesthefamiliarfishandshellfish,theoceansprovidesomethingelseentersintoourdietsanddailylives,oftenwithoutusknowingit.22．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Towardtheendofmyteachingcareer,Ibecameateacherlibrarian,arousedmyloveforbeingsurroundedbybooks.23．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Sincethefirstceremonyin1929,onlythirteenawardsweregivenout,theOscarshavegrowninsizeandpopularity.24．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Atpresentthemastersusethefullface,paintedsilkmasks,canbeworninlayersandbepulledoffonebyoneintheblinkofaneye.25．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Camperssignupforthe2-weeksecretagentcampcangettoknowaboutthelifeofrealsecretagentsbylearningstrategiesandmilitaryskillsonthepaintballfield.26．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）“Thesweetspotinlifetostartexercising,ifyouhaven'talready,isinlatemiddleagetheheartstillhasflexibility,”Levinesays.27．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Thelifestyle,however,waslaiddownbytwohistoricalmenofletters.OnewasBaiJuyi,rebuilttheWestLakeandmadeanewbanktobenefitthelocals.28．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）China’smodernizationprocessoverthepastfourdecadeshascreatedanewcontextthereisapartnershipbetweentheancientandmodern,gneratingsomethingnewandgenuine.29．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）ThelocalmedicineexpertmeetingwasorganizedhereonApril28inmostyearsoftheQingDynasty,duringallkindsoftalentedpeopleperformed,andthevocalmusiclastedformorethantendays,saidWangJianping,anexpertinliteratureandhistoryofthecounty.30．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Thismeansthesettlementofsomeofthe“painpoints”havelongtroubledtherivernowhasalegalbasis.二、书面表达（2024·山东烟台·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lastweekend,IwasstandingatthefinishlineoftheSt.FrancisFrannyFlyer5-kilometer(5K)race,waitingformynine-year-oldsonKadetocrossit.Kade,thoughafourth-grader,wasalreadyaskilledrunner.Hehadbeenapartofacross-countryclubsincehewassixyearsold.Hehadbeenworkinghardtoimprovehisenduranceandrunningskills‘ashewasdeterminedtobeaprofessionalrunnerandcompeteinnationalandinternationalraceswhenhewasolder.ThereweretwoSt.FrancisFrannyFlyerraceshappeningatthesametimethatday.The5Kraceweaved(穿行)throughneighborhoods,fromthechurchtoPineconeRoadandbackwhilethe10KfollowedthesameroutebutextendednorthonPineconeRoad.RacevolunteerswereavailableonPineconeRoadtoshowrunnerstheway,andtherewerealsosignsdirectingthetwodifferentcourses.IsignedKadeupforthe5KraceasawaytotrainhimfortheJuniorOlympics.Hehadneverruna10Krace,notevenintraining,sothe10Kracewasneveranoption.Kadewasprettyfastandheseta5Krecordforhisagegroupatlastyear’srace,soIwassurprisedtoseeslowerrunnerscrossingthefinishlinebeforehim.“Thisisodd.Heshouldbeaheadofthem.Hemightjustbehavingabadrace,”Ithoughttomyself.Butastheminutespassed,myworryintensified.MyheartracedatthethoughtthatKademightbelostorinjured.Anxiousandworried,Idrovealongthe5KracerouteinsearchofKade,buthewasnowheretobefound.Asurgeoffearanddespairoverwhelmedme,causingafloodoftearstopourdownmyface.Iturnedtoraceofficialsandvolunteersforhelp,andpeoplestartedlookingforhim.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Later,avolunteertoldmehehadspottedKadeonthe10Kcourse.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Afterwhatseemedlikealongtime,Kadefinallyappeared.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案Part1单元语法讲义--关系副词引导的限制性定语从句关系副词在引导定语从句时,其功能相当于介词短语,在从句中作状语。引导定语从句的关系副词有when、where、why。关系副词先行词功能when表时间的名词时间状语where表地点的名词地点状语why表原因的名词原因状语1．when引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time，day，year，month，week等)且在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句要用when引导。IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirstbecameacollegestudent.我仍然记得我初为大学生的那段时光。(2)when可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。Ihaveforgottentheexactdatewhen(＝onwhich)thiscountrybecameindependent.我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。(3)当先行词表示时间，且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，不能用when，而要用关系代词that或which引导定语从句(作宾语时关系词可省略)。I'llrememberthedays(which/that)Ispentwithyou.我会记得和你度过的那些日子。2．where引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是表示地点的名词(如place，room，mountain等)且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句要用where引导。Thisisthehotelwhere(＝inwhich)theyarestaying.这就是他们住的旅馆。(2)where可以转化成“介词＋which”的形式。Thisisthehotelwhere(＝inwhich)theyarestaying.这就是他们住的旅馆。(3)当先行词是表示地点的名词，且关系词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语时，用关系代词that或which引导定语从句(作宾语时关系词可省略)。Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/thatmakesradioparts.他的父亲在一家生产收音机零件的工厂工作。(4)如果先行词为表示抽象地点的名词(如case，state，condition，position，point，situation等)，且定语从句中成分完整时，用关系副词where引导。Wehavereachedapointwhereachangeisneeded.我们到了必须改一改的地步。Hegetsintoasituationwhereitishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。ItputsmeinapositionwhereIcan'taffordtotakethejob.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。3．why引导的定语从句(1)当先行词是表示原因的名词reason，且关系词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句要用why引导。(2)可以用forwhich来代替why。Thisisthereasonwhy(＝forwhich)heleavessosoon.这就是他匆匆离去的原因。[名师点津](1)有时为了表达得更清楚，可以在关系副词where/when前加上介词to，from等。(2)对一些特殊的先行词如time，day，house，place，reason等要注意具体情况具体分析，作主语、宾语和表语可用that/which引导定语从句，作状语可用when/where/why等或“介词＋which”引导定语从句。Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites，fromwherekitesspreadtoJapan，Korea，ThailandandIndia.中国是风筝的故乡，风筝从这里传到了日本、韩国、泰国和印度。I'llneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether.我永远不会忘记我们在一起工作的日子。(作状语)I'llneverforgetthedays(which/that)wespenttogetherlastsummer.我永远不会忘记我们去年夏天一起度过的日子。(作宾语)Part2读后续写素材读后续写技巧之八步成文法情绪：情绪描写几乎无法掩饰他的兴奋的心情：canhardlyconceal既兴奋又开心：amixtureofexcitementand激发某人的激情：kindlesb.with/topassion显示出极大的意愿：showagreaterreadiness被强烈地吸引：bepowerfullyattractedto心情愉快：incheerfulspirits振作精神：keepupone’sspirits满意的表情：asatisfiedlook对...感到满意：becontentwith对...很高兴：bedelightedat为成功而欣喜：beexcitedwithjoyatthesuccess被...场面所吸引：befascinatedbythespectacleof被她的美貌所吸引：befascinatedwithherbeauty因...而高兴：bejoyfulover/about喜爱，对...着迷:bekeenon快乐至极：beoverwhelmedwith高兴地跳起来：dance/jumpforjoy欣喜若狂：bewildwithdelight—个令人鼓舞的表情：anencouragingexpression过一个愉快的假日：haveapleasantholiday心满意足，非常幸福：onthetopoftheworld对...感到非常高兴：overjoyedat/todo流下幸福的泪水：tearsofhappinessflowingdown乐得大叫：yellwithdelight使某人心情愉快：brightensb’sheart使某人安心：setone’sheartatrest感到鼓舞的：feelinspired/encouraged精神高涨：beinhighspirits强烈的失落感：astrongsenseofloss陷入绝望：fallintodespair让他很伤感：puthimintoasentimentalmood避免陷入消极的旋涡：avoidgettingsuckedintoawhirlpoolofnegativity哭泣释放苦闷情绪：cryinggivessomeemotionalrelease减轻某人的痛苦/烦恼：easesbofhispain/trouble因某人的死亡而痛心：breakone’sheartoverone’death使某人悲痛：makeone’sheartbleed伤心而死：dieofabrokenheart悲痛欲绝：cryone’sheartout怀着沉重的心情：withaheavyheart沮丧的：withasinkingheart忧郁的：withsorrowfulheart惊慌失措：beseizedwilhpanic有点惊讶：comeassomethingofasurprise感到极度疲劳和难以招架：feelexhaustedandoverwhelmed很可能引发一阵挫败感：beextremelylikelytoraiseastormoffrustration感到一阵悲伤：aflashofgriefcameuponsb.情绪低落：bedowninspirits垂头丧气：loseone’sspirit心里悲伤：besadatheart意志消沉：abrokenspirit引起某人的不快：arouseone’sdispleasure对某人的行为感到不满：bedispleasedatone’sconduct易为琐事而恼火：beeasilyannoyedattrifles气得说不出话：bespeechlesswithindignation不断地抱怨：complainconstantly对某人大发脾气：rageatsb.怒火万丈：flamehigh气得满脸通红：flamewithanger勃然大怒：flyintoarage对某人生气：getirritatedat对某人勃然大怒：getmad/crossatsb.愁眉苦脸：haveaworriedlook对抱怨不予理会：ignore/disregardacomplaint对...表示不满：express/voiceacomplaintabout怒气冲冲地跑出房间：runoutoftheroomina愤怒地跺脚：stampone’sfootinanger感到尴尬的：feelembarrassed感到困惑的：feelpuzzled/confused感到沮丧：feelfrustrated/depressed感到恶心的：feeldisgusted/sickened感到恼怒的：feelannoyed感到愤怒的：feelirritated感到泄气的：feeldiscouraged充满怨恨的眼神：aresentfullook细节：进一步解释描写第3步：转折：个人的努力或者借助外界的力量，使事情发生转折。第4步：转机：--事情似乎有了转机，让人抱有希望，心理能感到安慰。第5步：失望：问题还未解决或出现了新问题第6步：想法：面对没有解决的问题或者新问题，突然有了想法或感触。第7步：结局：在想法或感触的影响下，事情有了最后的转折/转机。第8步：总结：点题，呼应前文Part3单元语法+读后续写即时检测一、单句语法填空1．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）ZhongWen’an,chiefengineerattheXichangSatelliteLaunchCenter,saidtheyhadcompletedthemostextensiverehearsalbeforelaunch,isalsothefinaljointrehearsal.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：西昌卫星发射中心总工程师钟文安表示，他们已经完成了发射前最广泛的彩排，这也是最后一次联合彩排。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词rehearsal，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。2．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Inthefuture,scientistsplantousesustainablesuppliesofcellscanbemaintainedinthelab.【答案】which/that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：将来，科学家们计划使用可在实验室中维持的可持续的细胞供应。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“sustainablesuppliesofcells”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。3．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）NorthernKenyaisavast,variedandbreathtakinglybeautifullandscapeyoucanfindthe“TowersoftheSavanna”—reticulated(网纹的)giraffes.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：肯尼亚北部是一片辽阔、多样、令人叹为观止的美丽景观，在那里你可以找到“稀树大草原之塔”——网状长颈鹿。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词NorthernKenya，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在肯尼亚北部”，应使用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。4．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）Themeatfillingmightconsistofchoppedpork,beeforchickenhasbeencookedwithavarietyofspices.【答案】that/which【详解】9.考查关系代词。这是一个定语从句，先行词是choppedpork,beeforchicken，是事物；定语从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that/which在从句中作主语。故填that/which。5．（23-24高三上·福建·开学考试）Salesdirectorisapositioninteractiontechniqueisjustasvitalassalescompetence.【答案】inwhich/where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：销售总监是一个互动技巧和销售能力一样重要的职位。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词或者“介词+which”引导定语从句，先行词position为抽象地点名词，可以与介词in搭配表示“在这个岗位上”，也可以使用关系副词where表地点，所以此处可以使用inwhich或者where。故填inwhich/where。6．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）Childrenshouldbeencouragedtogetinvolvedincommunityactivitiestheycangainexperienceforgrowth.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：应该鼓励孩子们参加社区活动，在那里他们可以获得成长的经验。定语从句修饰先行词activities，在从句作地点状语，故填where。7．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Manydevelopingcountriesrelyontheexportofagriculturalproductshavebecomefearfuloffamineordrought­likesituations.【答案】that/which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多依赖农产品出口的发展中国家已经开始担心饥荒或类似干旱的情况。此处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词countries，指物，关系词在从句作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。8．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Somepeoplegrowupinmoreformalfamilieshuggingisn’tcommon.Othersmayexperienceabusethatmakeshuggingunpleasant.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有些人在比较正式的家庭长大，在那里拥抱并不常见。其他人可能会经历让拥抱变得不愉快的虐待。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为moreformalfamilies，在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故填where。9．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）WoeslersaidthatoneofthereasonsmodernChineseliteraturehasattractedhimisthatmanyworkshavestrongregionalcharacteristics.【答案】why【详解】考查定语从句。句意：沃斯勒说，中国现代文学吸引他的一个原因是，许多作品都具有强烈的地域特色。分析句子可知，此处引导限定词定语从句，先行词为thereasons，关系词替代先行词在从句中作原因状语从句，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。10．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Tom'slovefortheChinesebambooflutestartedinelementaryschool,clearsoundguidedhimontotheroadofflutelearning.【答案】whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆对中国竹笛的喜爱始于小学，清脆的笛声引导他走上了学习长笛的道路。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词为theChinesebambooflute，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰clearsound，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。11．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Theresearcheralsothrewlightonatruththataround50,000microfibersfelloffthesurfaceofjeanswouldfindtheirwayintoourbodieseverytimetheywerecleaned.【答案】that/which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：研究人员还揭示了一个事实，即每次清洗牛仔裤时，从牛仔裤表面脱落的约5万个微纤维都会进入我们的身体。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为microfibers，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。12．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Chinahasmanymuseumsinthecollectionsofculturalrelicsarebeyondcount.Itwouldbeapityifsomanyculturalrelicsandculturalheritageswereonlydisplayedinmuseumcabinets，lifelessandcold.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国有许多博物馆，里面收藏的文物数不胜数。如果这么多文物和文化遗产只陈列在博物馆的柜子里，毫无生气，冷冰冰的，那将是一种遗憾。分析句子可知，此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是manymuseums，指物，作介词in后面的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。13．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Intheshow,theactorsandactressesarealsojoinedbydesignerswillcreateproductsbasedonwhattheysee.【答案】who/that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在节目中，设计师也会加入演员的行列，根据他们看到的东西设计产品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为designers，指人，关系词作定语从句的主语，应用关系代词who或者that。故填who或that。14．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）SpringteaduringGrainRainisrichinvitaminsandaminoacids,canhelptoremoveheatfromthebodyandisgoodfortheeyes.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：谷雨时节的春茶富含维生素和氨基酸，可以帮助身体散热，对眼睛有好处。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为springtea，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。15．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Somepeopleintentionistomakebigmoneyappreciatebeinggivenanychancetomultiplytheirincome,believingthatiswheretheirhappinesslies.【答案】whose【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一些意图赚大钱的人很感激有机会增加收入，认为这就是他们的幸福所在。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词为Somepeople，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰intention，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。16．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Itwillbeguidedbythree“redlines”,oneofwillincludeabout103millionhectaresofpermanentfarmlandwiththeaimofboostingsafety,improvingqualityandpreventingnonagriculturaluse.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：它将由三条“红线”引导,其中一条将包括约1.03亿公顷的永久性农田，旨在加强安全、提高质量和防止非农业利用。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词three“redlines”指物，设空处在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，需用关系代词which，故填which。17．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Besidescleanwaterandrefreshingair,thevillageimpressesmanywithitsstonestreets,ancient-stylefarmhousesandvariousvenuespeoplecangohiking,playbaseballandgofishing.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了干净的水和清新的空气，这个村庄给许多人留下了深刻的印象，它有着石头街道、古式的农舍和各种各样的活动场所，人们可以在那里徒步旅行、打棒球和钓鱼。空处引导定语从句，先行词venues表示地点，设空处在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where，故填where。18．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Thecustomisparticularlypopularinthevastcountryside,everyhouseholdwillbebusycleaningthewholehouseandstickingcolorfulpicturesorpapercuttingsontheirdoors,windowsandwalls.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种风俗在广大的农村地区特别流行，每家每户都忙着打扫整座房子，在门、窗和墙上贴上彩色图画或剪纸。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词thevastcountryside表示地点，设空处在定语从句中作状语，需用关系副词where，故填where。19．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Thankstocommunicationsatellites,wecanseetelevisionpicturestransmitted（传送）acrosstheglobe,andwecancommunicatewithourfriendsandbusinesspartnersarefarawayfromus.【答案】who/that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于通信卫星，我们可以看到电视画面在全球范围内传播，我们可以与我们的朋友和商业伙伴在很远的地方沟通。定语从句修饰先行词ourfriendsandbusinesspartners指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。20．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Anelephantherdfascinatedlocalsandotherpeoplearoundtheworldbymakinga500-kilometertripthroughsouthwesternChinafinallyreturnedhome.【答案】that/which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一群大象在中国西南部进行了500千米的旅行，吸引了当地人和其他世界各地的人，最终回到了家乡。分析句子结构可知，此处为关系词引导的定语从句，设空处在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词，先行词Anelephantherd指物，所以使用关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。21．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Besidesthefamiliarfishandshellfish,theoceansprovidesomethingelseentersintoourdietsanddailylives,oftenwithoutusknowingit.【答案】that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了我们熟悉的鱼类和贝类，海洋还提供了其他进入我们饮食和日常生活的东西，而我们往往对此一无所知。分析句子可知，此处表示“进入我们的饮食和日常生活的其它东西”。设空处在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词，且先行词为somethingelse，只能用关系代词that。故填that。22．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Towardtheendofmyteachingcareer,Ibecameateacherlibrarian,arousedmyloveforbeingsurroundedbybooks.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在我的教学生涯接近尾声时，我成了一名教师图书管理员，这引起了我对被书籍包围的热爱。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代作者成为一名教师图书管理员这件事，定语从句缺主语，故填which。23．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Sincethefirstceremonyin1929,onlythirteenawardsweregivenout,theOscarshavegrowninsizeandpopularity.【答案】when【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1929年的第一次颁奖典礼只颁发了13个奖项，自那以后，奥斯卡的规模和受欢迎程度增加了。先行词为1929，表示时间，设空处在定语从句中作状语，需用关系副词。故填when。24．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Atpresentthemastersusethefullface,paintedsilkmasks,canbeworninlayersandbepulledoffonebyoneintheblinkofaneye.【答案】which【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：目前大师们使用的是全脸彩绘丝绸面具，可以分层戴，眨眼间就可以一层一层地摘下来。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词thefullface,paintedsilkmasks指物，设空处在定语从句中作主语需用关系代词which。故填which。25．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Camperssignupforthe2-weeksecretagentcampcangettoknowaboutthelifeofrealsecretagentsbylearningstrategiesandmilitaryskillsonthepaintballfield.【答案】who/that【详解】考查定语从句。句意：报名参加为期两周的特工营的学员能够通过在彩弹场学习策略和军事技巧来了解真正的特工生活。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语，先行词Campers指人，所以使用关系代词who或that。故填who/that26．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）“Thesweetspotinlifetostartexercising,ifyouhaven'talready,isinlatemiddleagetheheartstillhasflexibility,”Levinesays.【答案】when【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Levine说：“如果你还没有开始锻炼的话,人生中开始锻炼的最佳时机是在中年晚期,那时心脏还有灵活性。”空后theheartstillhasflexibility结构完整，空前有表时间的短语latemiddleage，分析可知设空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为latemiddleage（表时间）。故填when。27．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Thelifestyle,however,waslaiddownbytwohistoricalmenofletters.OnewasBaiJuyi,rebuilttheWestLakeandmadeanewbanktobenefitthelocals.【答案】who【详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，这种生活方式是由两位历史文人奠定的。一个是白居易，他重建了西湖，建立了一个新的堤岸来造福当地人。先行词为BaiJuyi，作非限制性定语从句的的主语，关系代词为who。28．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）China’smodernizationprocessoverthepastfourdecadeshascreatedanewcontextthereisapartnershipbetweentheancientandmodern,gneratingsomethingnewandgenuine.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：过去四十年来，中国的现代化进程创造了一个新的背景，即古代与现代之间的伙伴关系，产生了新的和真实的东西。该从句位于名词之后且由前面的名词“context(背景、环境)”可知，后面应该是起修饰作用的定语从句，把名词还原回定语从句中应该是作地点状语，所以填入关系副词where。故填where。29．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）ThelocalmedicineexpertmeetingwasorganizedhereonApril28inmostyearsoftheQingDynasty,duringallkindsoftalentedpeopleperformed,andthevocalmusiclastedformorethantendays,saidWangJianping,anexpertinliteratureandhistoryofthecounty.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：据该县文史专家王建平说，根据碑文，在寺庙建成后，清代大多数年的四月二十八日都在这里组织了当地的医学专家会议，在此期间，各种人才表演，声乐持续了十多天。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，根据空白处前面的介词during可知本句使用了“介词+关系代词”结构引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词thelocalmedicineexpertmeeting，指物，应使用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。30．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Thismeansthesettlementofsomeofthe“painpoints”havelongtroubledtherivernowhasalegalbasis.【答案】that/which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这意味着解决长期困扰黄河的一些“痛点”现在有了法律依据。句子分析可知，这是一个包含限制性定语从句的复合句，设空处在从句中作主语，指代先行词“painpoints”，指物，用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，故填that/which。二、书面表达（2024·山东烟台·三模）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lastweekend,IwasstandingatthefinishlineoftheSt.FrancisFrannyFlyer5-kilometer(5K)race,waitingformynine-year-oldsonKadetocrossit.Kade,thoughafourth-grader,wasalreadyaskilledrunner.Hehadbeenapartofacross-countryclubsincehewassixyearsold.Hehadbeenworkinghardtoimprovehisenduranceandrunningski