2018全-国医学博士英语复习指南资料讲解

1考试简介一、考试目的为配合我国实施医学专业学位制度，保证医学博士生学位授予质量，举行全国医学博士外语统一考试。考试目的在于科学公正地测试考生掌握和运用英语的实际能力是否达到申请临床医学博士专业学位或攻读医学博士学位的英语水平。二、考试设计1．本考试主要是用于博士生入学和申请医学博士专业学位的一种英语水平考试，其命题不以某一种医学英语教材为主要命题依据。2．考试内容为医学公共英语，注重突出临床医学特点。3．本考试从听力、词语用法、综合理解、阅读、书面表达五个方面命题，全面测试考生的英语能力，并突出对考生的英语应用和交际能力测试，以确定其是否已达到在职申请医学博士专业学位的英语水平或是否已达到医学博士研究生入学英语水平。三、试卷结构卷别序号题目内容题数计分时间（分钟）试卷一Ⅰ听力对话151530短文1515Ⅱ词语用法多选201010填空Ⅲ完形填空101010Ⅳ阅读理解303065试卷二Ⅴ书面表达12050总计91100165试卷分为两大部分：试卷一（PaperOne）和试卷二（PaperTwo）。试卷一包括听力（30%），词语用法（10%），完形填空（10%）和阅读理解（30%），答卷时间115分钟；试卷二包括书面表达（20%），答卷时间50分钟。整个试卷共五大部分，总分100分，答卷时间共165分钟，加上考场指令与试卷收发时间，总共考试时间180分钟。第一部分听力一、考试大纲听力理解（ListeningComprehension）听力分两部分：SectionA和SectionB。答题时间为30分钟。SectionA：简短对话（ShortConversations）简短对话旨在测试考生的英语听力能力，要求考生在听完每个对话之后，根据所听内容于12秒钟内对每个问题后的四个选择项做出正确选择，每个对话及提问只读一遍。本部分共15小题，编号为1-15，每题1分，共计15分。SectionB：长对话及短文（LongerConversationsandTalks）本部分由一篇长对话和二篇短文组成，旨在测试考生对英语篇章的听力理解能力。要求考生能理解所听材料的中心思想和主要内容，并能根据所听到的内容进行逻辑推理、分析概括和归纳总结。每篇材料后附有5个问题，每个问题后均有四个选择项。要求考生在听完每个问题后，于12秒钟内从中选出一个最佳答案。每篇材料及提问只读一遍。该部分共15小题，编号为16-30，每题1分，共计15分。以上两部分答题时间共计30分钟。

二、考查内容及应试技巧医学统考听力包含10个短对话、1个长对话和2篇文章，为30个选择题，每题1分，共30分。主要测试考生掌握听力材料中心思想和主要内容的能力，考查考生对对话情景、场合、人物关系、说话人身份、说话意图、话语含义等的理解和判断能力，此外，听力理解试题对考生捕捉主要信息、熟悉习语表达、熟练语法结构变式等方面均有较高要求。应该说医学统考的听力题是比较难的，相当于六级水平，题量较大，长难句也是常常有的。而且在长对话和2篇文章读完之后，问题也是连续一起出现的，答卷上只会出现几个题目的几个选项，这种情况下考生不仅应该具备听懂的能力，还要有记住关键点信息和记录的能力。这样在做题的时候才能有条不紊的答题其原因在主要在于缺乏听力训练的技巧和时间的投入。实际上，听力理解能力是语言多种能力的综合反映。听力，顾名思义，是指听的能力。最理想、最有效的听力方式为在不参阅任何文字材料的基础上通过听来建立声音和语意的联系。常用的一些应试技巧有：保持良好的精神和心理状态，集中精力听录音，沉着应战，选择答案是要有信心，不可犹豫不决，不能再一道题目上花费太多的时间；利用每题开始前的指令时间迅速阅读题目，确定听力重点，根据选项猜测题目的内容，是听力具有明确的方向性和选择性；边听边记，从而抓住主题句和关键词。听力训练的过程中要段落是被关键词的能力，从而依靠部分关键词做出合理的判断。具体还应从以下几方面进行提高：1.信号词的辨认英语中有许多信号词，在听力理解中我们尤其要注意表示转折、让步和递进的信号词，因为往往这些词之后的内容是我们的听力重点。常见的表示转折、让步、递进的信号词有：but,however,though,eventhough,although,onthecontrary,infact,ontheotherhand,yet,actually,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,besides,etc.例如：M：WhenisTomcoming?Iamafraidwearelateforthemeeting.W:Well,hesaidhewouldbehereat8:30.ButifIknowhim,itwouldbeatleastnineo’clock.Q:Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthewoman’sstatement?A.Tomwillbethereat8:30.B.Tomwillnotshowup.C.Tomisalwayslate.D.Tomisusuallyontime.从W所说的内容里，可以看到用“but”强调Tom不可能8:30准时到达，结合整个对话可以判断C为正确答案。2.语境词的辨认除了信号词意外，语境词的把握对提高听力准确性和对听力内容进行推断具有重要的意义。不同语境中常出现的语境列举如下：1）Restaurant:menu,order,waiter/waitress,goDutch,maincourse,soup,appetizer（开胃菜），juice,friedeggs,boiledeggs,sausage,hamandeggs,salad,friedchicken,desert,tip,bill,ect.2）Bank:openanaccount,bankbook（存折）,checkingaccount（活期存款账户）,makeadeposit,cashacheck,settleone’saccount,traveler’scheck（旅游支票）,interestrate,etc3）School:freshman,sophomore,junior,senior,biology,history,semester,undergraduate,campus,dormitory,department,tuition,major,grade,seminar,exam,mark,thesis,etc.4）Library/Bookstore:librarian,author,magazine,newspaper,title,novel,referencebook,document,due,renew,shelf,journal,catalogue,etc.5）Plane/Airport/customs:passport,visa,baggage/luggage,suitcase,board（登机）,customsduty（关税）,firstclass,flightcrew,round-tripticket,stewardess,behindschedule,etc.W:Goodmorning,sir.Yourpassport,please.Doyouhaveanythingtodeclare?M:Onlythesetwocartonsofcigarettes,abottleofbrandyandsomesilverjewelry.That’sall.Q:Withwhomisthemanspeaking?A.Hiswife.B.Asaleslady.C.Astoredetective.D.Acustomsofficial.由语境词（关键词）“passport”可以推断，只有D选项符合题意，因此是正确答案。6）Clinic/Hospital:prescription,medicine,stomachache/toothache,looseone’sappetite,comedownwithacold,asorethroat,symptom,haveafever/temperature,vomit,sneeze,dizzy,bloodpressure,tablet,emergencyroom,etc.7）PostOffice:mailapackage,envelope,postage,overweight,sendaletterbyairmail,registeredletter,expressmail,stamp,zipcode/postcode,etc.8）Hotel:checkin,checkout,book/reserve/makeareservation,receptiondesk/frontdesk,porter,roomnumber,vacancy,single/doubleroom,etc.3.习惯用语的理解英语中一些常用的短语容易让人望文生义，尤其需要对这些短语正确掌握。例如：aboveoneself：自命不凡basketoforanges：漂亮女人collarandtie：体面的外表dog’sbreakfast：一团乱麻haveone’sheadintheclouds：爱幻想knowbyname：只闻其名未见其人manormouse：要么勇敢，要么怯懦M:Doseyourhusbandoftengooutwithyouatnight?W:Hekeepshisnosetothegrindstoneinhisoffice,therefore,herarelyhastimetogooutatnight.Q:Whatdoyoulearnaboutthewoman’shusband?A.Hetakesthree-dayweekends.B.Hedoesnotworkmuch.C.Heneverstopsworking.D.Helikestogooutatnight.短语“keepone’snosetothegrindstone”意为“努力工作不停歇”，由此判断正确选项为C选项。4.虚拟语气虚拟语气为历年常考考点。W：Howdoyouthinkthefilmyousawlastnight?M:Iwouldratherhavestayedathome.Q:Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Themanenjoyedthefilmthathesawlastnight.B.Themandidnotlikethefilmhesawlastnight.C.Themanwasbusylastnight.D.Themanstayedathomelastnight.虚拟语气”wouldratherhavestayed”在此处可以翻译成“宁愿呆在（家里）”，这样就不难判断正确选项为B选项。具体针对两个部分有：SectionA在听第一部分时主要是抓关键词，考生考试时往往很紧张，不一定每个词都听懂，所以考生平时要注意听力方面的词汇积累和总结。对话一般涉及：1．数字数字类题包括时间、日期、年龄、价格、电话号码等。数字有的是可以直接从对话中听出，有的则需要通过计算才能得出答案。如：W:Whattimedidyesterday’sfootballgamestart?M:It’sscheduledtostartataquarterto3,butitisdelayed30minutesduetothebadweather.Q:Whendidthefootballgamestart?A.3:15.B.3:45.C.3:30.D.3:55.这道题需要简单的运算，这就需要考生不但要记住两个数字，而且还要弄清两个数字的关系。通过对话我们可以得知比赛本打算差一刻三点开始，但因天气不好推迟了三十分钟，所以比赛实际开始的时间是A.3:15。2．地点地点类型一般包括医院、银行、学校、饭店、旅馆等。在特定的场合往往有特定的关键词，例如医院会有examination,X-ray，银行会有bankaccount,deposit,学校会有campus,library,饭店会有food,menu等。所以抓住关键词就等于题目作对了一多半。如：M:Wouldyoupreferriceorabakedpotatowiththat?W:I’dpreferabakedpotato.Q:Wherearethemanandthewoman?A.Inahotel.B.Atsupermarket.C.Inarestaurant.D.Inamarket.很明显，关键词是riceorabakedpotato，再根据所用句式，我们可以推断他们是再饭店里。所以C是本题的答案。3．人物关系人物关系一般涉及到医生和病人、警察和司机、老师和学生、房东和房客等。除了抓关键词外，说话人的态度、语气也可以作为答题的线索。如：W:I’dliketodepositthisinmysavingsaccount.M:Allright.Pleaseprintyournameonthedepositslip.Q:What’stherelationshipbetweenthewomanandtheman?A.Customerandbankclerk.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Customerandwaiter.D.Bossandemployee.对话中的关键词为deposit,account,再根据句中人物的语气和所用句式，我们可以看出对话者之间的关系是A.Customerandbankclerk.4．人物态度人物态度一般涉及到说话人对某人某事的观点和态度。问题一般为：WhatdoesthemanthinkofTom?或What’stheman’sopinionofthisplay?对话者的语气在这里显得更为重要，另外除了关键词还会涉及到一些特殊句式，如双重否定，反问等，这些都需要考生注意。如：W:Ihatetowork,andIdon’tknowifitisworthwhiletodosuchaboringjoballdaylong.M:It’seitherworkorstarve.Q:What’stheman’sattitude?A.Peoplealwaysstarttomakealivinglikethis.B.Makingalivingisverydifficult.C.Peoplehavetoworkinordertomakealiving.D.Itisbettertohavesomeworktodo.对话中的关键句为eitherworkorstarve（不工作就得挨饿）。考生弄清楚eitheror的意思，否则就很容易掉进选项中设置的陷阱。答案为C.Peoplehavetoworkinordertomakealiving.其实就是换了一种说法，但需要考生在规定的时间内发现两者之间的联系。5．固定搭配固定搭配涉及到口语中的一些习惯用法。这主要是靠考生的平时积累，另外通过说话者的语气、语调猜测也是一个办法。如：M:Youcan’tgetawaywithanything.W:Whatdoyoumean?I’mnotdoinganythingwrong.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Youmusttakeupthejob.B.Youcan’tavoidthepunishment.C.Youmustdoeverythingwell.D.Youareunabletodoanything.句中的固定搭配是getawaywith,意思是逃脱惩罚。答案是B.Youcan’tavoidthepunishment.另外如果不知道这个搭配，通过Youcan’t,I’mnotdoinganythingwrong.也可以大体猜出意思。6．推理推理题是对话中难度较大的题。需要考生从字面意思推断出更深层的意思。题目可能涉及到以上提到的一些内容，所以需要考生运用各种技巧选择答案。如：W:Doesthenewtuitionpolicyaffectyou?M:Actually,Iamnotatleastaffectedbyit.ButIdofeelsorryforsomeofmyclassmates.Q:Whatcanyouinferfromthedialogue?A.Themanwantstoapologizetohisclassmates.B.Themanisbadlyaffectedbythepolicy.C.Themanisverysadtoknowthis.D.Theman’sclassmatesgetintofinancialtroublebecauseofthepolicy.推理题中最常见的问题就是Whatcanyouinferfromthedialogue?如果在听之前考生已经读完了选项，那么对考生的压力就会小一些，因为他不用注意对话中的每一个细节，只要听到关键词就可以了。就这道题而言，从选项我们可以知道是有关这位男士和新学费政策的推断，所以考生只要听到notatleastaffected，feelsorryforclassmates就可以了，由此可以推断出D.Theman’sclassmatesgetintofinancialtroublebecauseofthepolicy.是本题的答案。SectionB考生在做第二部分听力时首先要集中精力，把选项迅速地浏览一遍，对将要听到地短文内容有个大概地了解，从而做到有目的地听，提高选对的几率。另外，考生在听短文的时候要抓大意和关键词，不要强求全部听懂，听不懂的地方就放过去，千万不要停留在个把词上反复考虑，耽误了后面的理解，结果得不偿失。短文听力所问到的问题一般都有when,why,which,where,how开头，听短文时要留心这方面的信息。最后，短文的开头和结尾也是容易出题的地方，在听的时候要特别注意。

三、基础及专项训练短对话专项训练Directions:Inthissectionyouwillheartwentyfiveshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearaquestionaboutwhatissaid.Thequestionwillbereadonlyonce.Afteryouhearthequestion,readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.1.A.She’llgivethemananewprescriptionrightaway.B.She’llbeawayfroththeofficefortwodays.C.Themandoesn’tneedanythingforhiscough.D.Themanshouldcontinueusingthemedicine.2.A.Awaytosolvethepollutionproblem.B.Theroleofbacteriatohumanbeings.C.AnoilspillingintheIndianOcean.D.Certainhumanillnesses.3.A.Tosupportherfamily.B.Toshopintheregularwomen’sdepartment.C.Toslimdown.D.Tokeepherselfbusy.4.A.Becausesheacheswhensheeatsseafood.B.Becauseshehasallergyeachtimesheeatsseafood.C.Becauseshehasrashes.D.Becauseshehasgastricflu.5.A.Hewantstojointheclub.B.Hedoesn’twanttotakeafinalexam.C.Hisarmsandlegsare.inpain.D.Helikestocomplain.6.A.Husbandandwife.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Doctorandpatient.D.Teacherandstudent.7.A.Themanhasmissedhisscheduledappointment.B.Themanneedstoseethedoctorbeforehewaits.C.Themanneedstohavemadeanappointmentbeforehand.D.Themanshouldsitdowninthewaitingroom.8.A.Shewasbadlyhurt.B.Shewashurtbytheseat.-C.Theseatbeltsavedher.D.Herbeltwasbroken.9.A.Buyadifferentkindofmedicine.B.Seeadoctor.C.Takeasecondpill:D.Avoidtakinganymedic7tion.10.A.He’dliketoapplyforreplacementcard.B.Heneedn’ttoseeadoctortwoweeksago.C.He’spleasedthatthewomanfoundthecard.D.He'sgladhewasfinallyabletogetartappointment.11.A.ShehurtherfootB.Herhealthproblemhascomebackagain.C.She’sfeelingbetternow.D.Sheneedsanoperationsoon12.A.Moredoctorsshouldbedoingresearch.B.Heisstudyingtobeadoctor.C.Animportantnewmedicaltreatmentmaybeavailablesoon.D.Hehasalreadytriedthenewmedicine13.A.Hewenttoseethedentistaweekago.B.Thewomanshouldcancelherappointmentwiththedentist.C.Thewoman’stoothachewillgoawaybyitself.D.Thewomanshouldhaveseenthedentistbynow.14.A.Finishthoseproposals.B.Maketimetovisitadoctorinhisschedule.C.Doexperiments.D.Seeadoctortillhefindsafreetime.15.A.Thenursewasn’tabletohelpher.B.She'sgoingtohelmthenurseassoonasshefeelsbetter.C.Shethinkssheshouldaskthenurseforapill.D.Shefeelssleepybecauseofthemedicineshetook.I6.A.Hisdoctortoldhimnottodrinktea.B.Hewillbringsometeatothedoctor.C.Hewouldreallylikesometea.D.Teatastestoomuchlikemedicine.17.A.Shedoesn’tlikecoffeeanymore.B.Shehadtoeliminatecoffeefromherdiet.C.She'salreadypreparedthecoffee.D.Shehastotakehermedicinefirst.18.A.Heistiredofwaitingforassistance.B.Hedoesn’thavetoaskhisfriendsforhelp.C.Hisfoothurtstoomuchtowalk.D.Hedoesn’tliketobotherpeople.19.A.Asktheprofessorifthecoursewillbegivenagain.B.Postponetakingthecourse.C.Requestpermissiontotakethecoursetogether.D.Takethecoursefromadifferentprofessor.20.A.Themmisexaggerating.B.Themanshouldtrytocatless.C.Foodwithalotoffatshouldheavoided.D.Peopleshouldworrylessabouttheirdiets.21.A.Hiswife.B.Asaleslady.C.Astoredetective.D.Acustomsofficial.22.A.Itisverypleasant.B.Itiscold.C.Itishot.D.Itisrainy.23.A.AnargumentwithDavid.B.Bustransportation.C.David'sdriving.D.David'suncooperativeness.24.A.Heaskedfor$15.B.Hedonated$50.C.Hereqacned$20.D.Hegave$10。25.A.Tomwillbethereat$8:30.B.Tomwillnotshowup.C.Tomisalwayslate.D.Tomisusuallyontime.短文专项训练Directions:Inthissectionyouwillhearthreepassages.Aftereachone,youwillhearfivequestions.Aftereachquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Passage11.A.For200years.B.Forabout200years.C.Forover2000years.D.Fornearly2000years.2.A.Theyaretryingtouseitasanewwaytotreatdiseases.B.Theyaretryingtouseitasananesthesiainoperations.C.Theyaretryingtouseittorelievepain.D.Theyaretryingtouseitasameanstounderstandthecentralnervoussystem.3.A.Toobservehowacupunctureisusedinanoperation.B.Totalktoapatientwhohasanoperationwithacupunctureasanesthesia.C.Tolearnhowacupuncturecanrelievepain.D.Toseewhattheacupunctureneedlesarelike.4.A.Theystillfinditentirelyamystery.B.Theyareabletoexplainhowandwhyitworksintheory.C.Theyareratherskepticalaboutit.D.Theyhaven’tfoundsatisfactoryanswersastohowitworks.5.A.Acupunctureisnowpracticedallovertheworld.B.Whatmakesacupunctureworkcanneverbeexplained.C.WesterndoctorsareinterestedintraditionalChinesemedicalpractices.D.Acupunctureisusedaswidelyasitwasinancienttimes.Passage21.A.ProfessorHillB.Anartist.C.AhistorianD.Aphysician.2.A.Thehistoryofpathologicalorganisms.B.Thetoolsusedbyartistindifferentcenturies.C.Therelationshipbetweencreativeworkanddisease.D.Thefossilevidencefordifferentdisease.3.A.Theyallsufferedfromarthritis.B.Theywereallpainters.C.Theywereallinterestedinpathography.D.Theyalllivedinthe17thcentury.4.A.AgeingB.IndustrializationC.ChemicalsinpaintD.Injurytothehands5.A.PicassoB.MonetC.ClayD.DuffyPassage31.A.Maslow’sbookMotivationandPersonality.B.Maslow’stheoryoffiveneeds.C.Maslow’stheoryofpsychology.D.Maslow’sgreatdiscovery.2.A.Safetyneeds.B.Belongingneeds.C.Esteemneeds.D.Self-actualizationneeds.3.A.Physiologyneeds.B.Belongingneeds.C.Esteemneeds.D.Self-realizationneeds.4.A.Itcanexplainourbehaviorlikework,rest,play,etc.B.Thesefiveneedsarethethingswepursue.C.Peoplestrivetomeetalloftheseneeds.D.Ithelpstogivereasontowhateverwedo.5.A.Peoplehavetoclimboverthefirststepbeforegettingtothesecond.B.Humanneedsareassharpasapyramid.C.Peoplecanbypasssomeneedstoreachthehighestneed.D.Humanneedsseemtooccurinrandomorder.Passage41.A.Tofindouthowtopreventillness.B.Tofindouthowtomaintainanutritiousdiet.C.Tofindoutifshehastheflu.D.Tofindouttheresultsofabloodtest.2.A.Shegetsillatthesametimeeveryyear.B.Shedoesn’tgetenoughexercise.C.Sheoftenhasdifficultysleeping.D.Sheissick,withinfluenzathroughoutthewinter.3.A.Cough,runningnose.B.Fever,chillsC.DiarrheaD.Head-and-none-aches.4.A.Sheisunwillingtobeimmunized.B.Shedoesn’tgetenoughrest.C.Sheforgetstotakehermedicine.D.Shedoesn’tdresswarmlyenough.5.A.Physicalexaminationsaregivenfreethere.B.Shecangetaninfluenzavaccinationthere.C.Shewillbeabletogetaprescriptionformedicationthere.D.Shewillfindliteratureonnutritionthere.Passage51.A.Apharmacist.B.Avisitor.C.Aphysician.D.Adieter.2.A.Cough.B.Diarrhea.C.Headache.D.Stomachupset.3.A.Pain-killers.B.Coughsyrup.C.Antidiarrheas.D.Indigestiontablets.4.A.Thecoldweather.B.Tirednesscausedbytraveling.C.ThestrangefoodhehadD.Thegreasyfoodhehadeaten.5.A.Takethemedicinefromthewoman.B.Gotoseeaspecialist.C.StopeatinganddrinkingforafewdaysD.Stayinbedforacoupleofdays.Passage61.A.Thedriver'sbirthday.B.Aworkingday.C.Aholiday.D.AprilFool'sday.2.A.He'lltakehisrevenge.B.He’llbesurprised.C.He'llusuallylaugh.D.He'llgetangry.3.A.Heturnedtotilepassengersanxiously.B.HeturnedtotilepassengerswithasmileC.Heturnedtotilepassengersangrily.D.Heturnedtotilepassengerswithaworriedlook.4.A.Tostandupsuddenly.B.TositquietlyC.Togetoffthebus.D.Tolearnforwardsuddenly.5.A.ThebusstartedupatgreatrateB.Thepassengerslaugheddelightedly.C.Thepassengersgotoff.D.Thepassengersgotangry.Passage71.A.BecauseitwouldallowthemaccesstoabetterlifeintheWest.B.BecauseJewishchildrenarebornwithexcellentmusicaltalent.C.Becausetheywantedtheirchildrentoenterintotheprofessionalfield.D.Becauseitwouldenablethefamilytogetbettertreatmentintheirowncountry.2.A.Societiesthatenforcestrongdisciplineonstudentswhowanttoachieveexcellence.B.Societiesthattreasuretalentandprovideopportunitiesforitsfulldevelopment.C.Societiesthatencouragepeopletocompetewitheachother.D.Societiesthatpromisetalentedchildrenhighpositions.3.A.All-rounddevelopment.B.ThelearningofWesternmusic.C.Stricttrainingofchildren.D.Varietyinacademicstudies.4.A.AnaturalgiftB.Extensiveknowledgeofmusic.C.Veryearlytraining.D.Aprejudice-freesociety.5.A.JewishContributiontoMusic.B.TrainingofMusiciansintheWorld.C.MusicandSociety.D.TheMakingofMusicallyTalentedChildren.Passage81.A.Ithelpsusunderstandourmemorysystembetter.B.Itenablesustorecallsomethingfromourmemory.C.Itexpandsourmemorycapacityconsiderably.D.Itslowsdowntheprocessoflosingourmemory.2.A.Theyhaveawiderrangeofinterests.B.Theyaremorereliantontheenvironment.C.Theyhaveanunusualpoweroffocusingtheirattention.D.Theyaremoreinterestedinwhat'shappeningaroundthem.3.A.Itwilleasilygetlost.B.It’snotclearenoughforyoutoread.C.It’soutofyoursight.D.Itmightgetmixedupwithotherthings.4.A.Ifwefocusourattentionononething,wemightforgetanother.B.Memorydependstoacertainextentontheenvironment.C.Repetitionhelpsimproveourmemory.D.Ifwekeepforgettingthings,we’dbetterreturntowherewewere.5.A.Theprocessofgradualmemoryloss.B.Thecauseofabsent-mindedness.C.Theimpactoftheenvironmentonmemory.D.Awayofencodingandrecalling.Passage91.A.Anewwayofhighwayspeedcontrol.B.Anewpatternforpaintinghighways.C.Anewapproachtotrainingdrivers.D.Anewtypeofopticalillusion.2.A.Theyshouldavoidspeed-relatedhazards.B.Theyaredrivinginthewronglane.C.Theyshouldslowdowntheirspeed.D.Theyareapproachingthespeedlimit.3.A.Theycankeepdriversawake.B.Theycancutroadaccidentsinhalf.C.Theywillhavealongereffectondrivers.D.Theywilllookmoreattractive.4.A.TotryouttheJapanesemethodincertainareas.B.Tochangetheroadsignsacrossthecountry.C.Toreplacethestraight,horizontalbarswithchevrons.D.TorepeattheJapaneseroadpatterns.5.A.TheyarefallingoutofuseintheUnitedStates.B.Theytendtobeignoredbydriversinashortperiodoftime.C.Theyareapplicableonlyonbroadroads.D.Theycannotbeappliedsuccessfullytotrafficcircles.

短对话专项训练录音原文及答案key:1-5:DACCC6-10:CDDDD11-15:CCDBD16-20:CBDBD21-25:DDCDC1.M:Doctor，thiscoughmedicinedoesn’tseemtobehelping.Canyougivemeadifferentprescription?W:Let'sgiveitanotherdayortwotoseehowyouaredoingthen.Q:Whatdoesthedoctorimply?2.M:HaveyouheardthatscientistsarenowusingcertaintypesofbacteriatohelpcontrolsomeofthespilledoilintheoceanW:Howcouldthatbe?Ithoughtbacteriajustcausedillness.M:That'snottrue.Somebacteriacan”eat"petroleumproducts，suchasoilandgasolineandmaketheoceanwaterclean.Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?3.M:Ihavecalledyouseveraltimes，butyouwerenothome.Whathaveyoubeenupto?W:Ihavejoinedaweight-losssupportgroup,andnowIfeelgreattobeabletoshopintheregularwomen’sdepartment.Q:Whatisthewoman’saimtojointhegroup?4.W:Youmeanseafood?Idon’tusuallyeatit，butIatesomeatadinneraboutthreedaysago.M:Inthat'case，youmightbeallergictoseafood，Don'teatseafood，andI'llgiveyousomemedicinetotake.Anddon’tscratchitevenifit’sitchy.Q:Whydidthewomangotothedoctor?5.M:Bernardiscomplainingabouthisjoints.Theyhurtfromtimetotime.W:Heshouldreallygetthemexaminedinthehospital.Q:WhatisBernard’sproblem?6.W:Haveyoufoundanythingwrongwithmystomach?M:Notyet,I’mstillexamining.I’llletyouknowtheresulttomorrow.Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman?7.M:Excuseme.I’mhereformydentalappointment,mynameisDeanJackson.Ithinkmyappointmentshouldbeat9:00.W:Well,letmechecktheschedule.Yes,you’llbeseeingDr.Richardintwentyminutes.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean? 8.M:Shirley,what’swrongwithyourrighteye?Didyouhurtyourself?W:Nothingserious.Butifithadn’tbeenfortheseatbelt,Iwouldhavebeenbadlywounded.Q:WhathappenedtoShirley?9.M:Wow!I’vealreadytakenoneofthosepillsformyheadache,butIt’sstillbotheringme.W:Well,whynottakeanother?Therecommendeddoseisoneortwodependingonhowhaditis.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?10.W:Oh,MyGoodness!Yourhealthservicecardissittingrighthereonyourfile.Itshouldhavebeensentouttoyouweeksago.Ihopeyouhaven’thadanyneedforit.M:No,notyet.Butit'snicetoknowIhaveit，soIneedn’ttoreapply.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?11.M:Hey,Pamela,howareyoudoing`?1heardyouhadanoperationlastmonth.W:Yeah，John，thanksforasking.Iwasprettymuchoutofcommissionforafewweeksthere，butfinallyI'mbackonmyfeetagain.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?12.W:Didyoureadtoday’snewspaper?Iheardthere'ssomethingaboutanewwonderdrug.M:Ididreadanarticleaboutbreakthrough.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean'?13.W:Thistoothacheiskillingme!Iwashopingitwouldjustgoawaybutit'sgettingworsebytheminute.Whatdidyousaythenameofyourdentistwas?M:Itoldyoulastweektomakethatappointment.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?14.M:I'vefrequentlygotabdominalpainrecently,butthisweekissobusyforme.I’vegotalltheseproposalstofinallyandexperimentstodo.Idon’tevenhavetimeformeals.W:Youreallyshouldtrytofititin，youknow.Treatinganillnessshouldn’tbedelayed.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?15.M:Howareyoufeeling?W:Thestuffthenursegavemeseemedtohavehelped.Butit’smakingmeawfullydrowsy.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?16.W:Youlookcoldandtired.CouldIbuyyouahotcupoftea?M:Oh,thatwouldbejustwhatthedoctorordered.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?17.M:Wouldyouliketocomewithusforcoffeealittlelater?W:I’moffcaffeine,medicalrestriction.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?18.W:Ithoughtthedoctorsaidyoushouldstayoffyourfootuntiltheswellinggoesdown.M:Shedid.Itjustmakesmeuncomfortabletoaskmyfriendwaitonmeallthetime.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?19.M:Iwanttotakecomparativeanatomythisyear,butaccordingtotherequirementsIhavetotakeintroductorybiologycoursefirst.W:Well,asktheprofessorifyoucantakethemsimultaneously.Allhecandoissayno.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?20.M:Doyouevergettiredofallthetalkaboutfatandcholesterol?W:DoI?YouknowsometimesIthinkit'sjustafashion.Howcanmanydifferentthingsbebadforyou?Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?21.W:Goodmorning,sir.Yourpassport,please.Doyouhaveanythingtodeclare?M:Onlythesetwocartonsofcigarettes,abottleofbrandyandsomesilverjewelry.That’sall.Q:Withwhomisthemanspeaking?22.W:I'vebeenwonderingwhatsortofclotheswearegoingtoneedforourvisit.What'stheweatherlikeinyourcountryinMay?M:It'snotverypleasant，I'msorrytosay.Generally，therearemorerainydaysinMaythaninanyothermonth，butatleastitisn’tcoldtherethen.Q:WhatdoesthemansayaboutMayinhiscountry?23.M:Ashley，I'lltellyouwhat.IrefusetoridewithDavidagain.W:I'monyourside.Fromnowon，I'lltakethebusratherthanriskmylife.Q:Whatarethesepeoplediscussing?24.W:Say，Phil，howaboutdonating$15or20tothescholarshipfund?M:IwishIcould,but$10isallIcanspare.Q:WhatdidyoulearnaboutPhilandthescholarshipfund?25.M:WhenisTomcoming?Iamafraidwearelateforthemeeting.W:Well,hesaidhe’dbehereat8:30.ButifIknowhim,itwouldbeatleastnineo’clock.Q:Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthewoman’sstatement?

短文专项训练录音原文及答案Passage1AcupuncturehasbeenpracticedinChinaformorethan2000years，butitsuseintheWesternworldisstillverynew.SeveralhospitalsintheUnitedStatesarenowexperimentingwithitasawayoftreatingpain.AnAmericanjournalistwhostoodbesideapatientduringanoperationinShanghairecentlydescribedtheprocessanditseffects.Tokeepthepatientfromfeelingpainduringtheoperation,fourneedleswereused,eachaboutaninchandahalflong.Twoneedleswereinsertedundertheskinoneachsideofthepatient'sneck.Thetopoftheneedleswereattachedtowireswhichledtoasmallelectricaldevice.Throughouttheoperation,thepatienttalkedcalmlytothosestandingaroundhim,insistingthathefeltperfectlynormal.Howdoesacupuncturework?Howisitabletokeepapatientfromfeelingpain?Noverysatisfactoryanswerhasbeengiven，butthereareatleastthreetheories.Somedoctorsbelievethatacupuncturesomehowproducesaneffectuponthecentralsystem.Othersbelievethatacupunctureproducesachemicalchangeinthebody’sfluids.Stillanothertheoryisthattheneedlesmakecontactwithanunknownsystemofenergyinthebodywhichtravelsalongcertainroutesundertheskin.Thetrueexplanationmaybeoneoftheseorcombinationofmorethanone.Oritmaybesomethingentirelydifferent.Questions:1.HowlonghasacupuncturebeenpracticedinChina?2.WhataredoctorsintheUnitedStatesdoingwithacupuncture?3.WhydidtheAmerica