初一上册人教版英语介词辨析专项练习题含解析

初一上册人教版英语介词辨析专项练习题含解析一、选择题1．Besidesgooddiet,Mr.Qu,amarathonrunner,takesexerciseeverydaytokeepfit.A．a;theB．\;aC．\;\D．a;\2．Itcomesas______surprisethat______dreamofspacetravelwillsooncometrue.A．a;the B．the;theC．the;a D．a;/3．Hehadwantedtowrite_________children'sbookformanyyears,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotin_________way.A．a;/B．the;theC．/;theD．a;the4．Let'sgoto________cinema—that'lltakeyourmindofftheproblemfor______while.A．the;the B．the;aC．a;the D．a;a5．What________wonderfultimewehadat________Smiths’then!A．a;不填 B．a;the C．不填；the D．the;the6．IoftenhaveconversationwithJohnover_____phone,butkeepintouchwithTombywriting_____letters.A．/;the B．/;a C．the;/ D．the;a7．It’sgreatpleasuretogotocinemaafteraweek’shardwork.A．a;a B．the；the C．a;the D．the;a8．Indiaattained________independencein1947,after________longstruggle.A．不填；a B．the;aC．an;不填 D．an;the9．Icaught_____glimpseofthenewspaper,fromwhichIsaw_____reportabouttheaccident.A．a;/ B．the;a C．a;a D．/;the10．JessieJcomesfrom_______Europeancountry.Sheistakingpartin_______TVshowIAmASinger.A．a;the B．an;/ C．the;the D．an;the11．Theyear2021marks________beginningofChina’sl4thFive-yearPlanperiod.A．a B．the C．an D．/12．ThenovelTheHunchbackofNotreDame（《巴黎圣母院》）tellsusthat________uglypersonmayhaveabeautifulmind.A．/ B．the C．a D．an13．—Peter,you’veworkedforthreehourswithoutabreak!—Ineed________usefulideaformydesign,soI’mbusysearchingforsomeinformation.A．a B．an C．/ D．the二、选择题14．—David,Ihave________totellyou.—Great!I’mexcitedtohearourcountryhasmadeprogressinexploringthespace.A．somethingimportant B．anythingimportant C．importantsomething D．importantanything15．Ifsomethingiswrong,fixit.Donotworry.Worryneverfixes________.A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything16．—HowmanyclassesdoyouhaveonWednesdayafternoon?—________.Sowecanjoinanyclubwelike.A．Neither B．Either C．Nothing D．None17．—CouldyoutellmehowmanyclassesyouhaveonFridayafternoon?—___________.Wecantakepartinactivitiesinanyclubwelike.A．None B．Nothing C．Neither D．Either三、选择题18．—Searchingforinformationisnotabigdealtoday.—Exactly,the________ishowwecantellwhethertheinformationistrueornot.A．advantage B．message C．challenge D．knowledge19．—Ihavegreat________inlearningChemistryandIamsoworried.Couldyouhelpme?—Sure.Iwouldbegladto.A．interest B．trouble C．fun D．joy20．—CouldyoutellmemoreaboutChinese________,Mr.Li?—Sure.Forexample,weusuallyeatricedumplingsontheDragonBoatFestival.A．customs B．services C．symbols D．holidays21．—DoyouknowaChinesecalledChenGao?—Exactly,his________makesthewholeworldshockedandhebecomestheyoungestPHDsupervisor（博导）inMatharea.A．advantage B．progress C．achievement D．attention22．Wouldyousendmesome________ofyours?Imissyouverymuch!A．magazines B．photos C．phones D．works四、选择题23．—Lindaispractisingtheviolinforanhourthesedays.—Isee.It’llmakeher________enoughtoperformonstagetonight.A．active B．humorous C．confident D．patient24．Mr.Kingisvery________.Heexplainsthedifficultiesmanytimesuntilweunderstandthem.A．strict B．patient C．polite D．hard-working五、选择题25．Don’tbeafraidofdifficulties.Remember:kitesrisehighest________thewind,notwithit.A．over B．against C．across D．along26．Inwesterncountries,childrenplay“trickortreat”________theeveningofOctober31st.A．at B．in C．on D．to27．It’sapitythattheexerciseis________theabilitiesofmostoftheclass.A．over B．above C．beyond D．without28．Wehaveaparty________theeveningofOctober31.A．in B．at C．on D．by29．ImetNancy________mywayhomeyesterday.A．in B．at C．by D．on六、选择题30．Asavolunteer,heoftengoestothehospitalto________thesick.A．cheerfor B．helpfor C．putup D．cheerup31．There’snodoubttheBeltandRoadwillsuccessfully________cooperationanddevelopmentbetweenChinaandothercountriesalongtheline.A．pushfor B．carefor C．lookfor D．hopefor32．Volunteers________leafletstoencouragemorepeopletoseparaterubbishcorrectly.A．putout B．findout C．handout D．turnout33．—I________readingEnglisheverymorning.—Yes,Englishisveryimportantandit________thefirstlanguageinEnglandandsomeothercountries.A．usedto;isusedby B．usedto;isusedasC．amusedto;isusedas D．amusedto;isusedby34．Please_____thewaterwhenyoubrushyourteeth.A．takedown B．turnup C．takeaway D．turnoff七、选择题35．—Imustgotoschooltoday,________?—No,you________.Youcangoassoonasyougetwell.A．mustn’tI;needn’t B．needn’tI;needn’tC．mustn’tI;mustn’t D．needn’tI;mustn’t36．Mr.Black________beathomenow.HewentabroadonvacationlastFriday.A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t37．—MayIhavesomewinetodrink?—No,you________.Youhavetodrivehomelater.A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．maynot38．Dr.ZhongNanshanoncesaid,"Topreventthespreadofthisdisease,we________neverbetoocareful."A．can B．may C．must D．should八、选择题39．—________nicedayitistoday!Let’sgoouttoplay.—Thatsoundsgood.A．How B．What C．Whata D．Whatan40．—________wefacedwhilewewerecarryingoutthetask!—Thankstothevolunteers,wecouldavoidit.A．Howbigdisaster B．HowgoodluckC．Whatabigdisaster D．Whatgoodluck41．What_______fineweatheritis!A．a B．an C．the D．/42．—ManypeoplesaythetemperatureinChangzhouthisspringisjustlikearollercoaster.—Ican’tagreemore._______!A．Whatastrangeweather B．HowastrangeweatherC．Whatchangeableweather D．Howchangeableweather43．Theintelligentcarcandrivebyitself.greatinventionitis!A．Howa B．Whata C．What D．How44．―Weshouldlearnfromthedoctorsandnurses________helptotreatthepatientsinHubei.―Yes.________bravetheyare!A．who;What B．which,What C．which,How D．who,How45．—_________happyJohnlooks!HewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishspeechcompetition．—_________greatprogresshehasmade!HisEnglishusedtobeprettybad．A．Howa;What B．How;Whata C．Whata;How D．How;What46．—Ican’tbelieveJacktalkedtohisgrandfatherlikethatjustnow.______boyheis!—Iagree.Heisnotsupposedtodothat.A．Howpolite B．Howimpolite C．Whatapolite D．Whatanimpolite九、选择题47．—doesittakeyoutogettoschoolbybike?—Aboutfifteenminutes.A．Howsoon B．Howoften C．Howlong D．Howfar48．—___________willtheprojectofWuxiMetroLine3becompleted?—Itwon'ttakelong.Justinaboutthreemonths.A．Howlong B．Howfar C．Howsoon D．Howoften49．—Couldyoutellme________youwillcomeback?—Intenminutes.A．howsoon B．howoften C．howlong D．howfast50．—________didyourfamilystayinJinan?—Fortwodays.A．Howlong B．Howmuch C．Howoften D．Howfar十、选择题51．—Mum,mayIwatchTVforawhile?—Assoonasyourhomework_______youcan.A．finishes B．willfinish C．isfinished D．willbefinished52．The2ndGamesofQinhuaiDistrict________onMarch28,2021tomakemorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofhealth.A．held B．hasheld C．isheld D．washeld53．NowwastefromdailylifeinthecityofSuzhou________tobeseparatedintofourdifferentgroups.A．isrequiring B．isrequired C．wasrequired D．required54．Finallybothsideshavereachedanagreement,butthedetailslater.A．arediscussing B．arediscussed C．willdiscuss D．willbediscussed55．Don’tdiscusstheproblemwithyourpartnerunlessyou________to.A．ask B．areasked C．willask D．willbeasked56．—Hello,Helen!—Oh,Jim!Whatasurprise!I___________youwerestillonbusinessinShanghai.A．told B．tell C．willbetold D．wastold57．—MyfatherworksinShanghai.Ittakeshimmuchtimetogohomeeverymonth.—Don’tworry.It’llbeeasierandquickerafterTaizhouHigh-SpeedRailStation_______.A．builds B．isbuilt C．willbuild D．willbebuilt58．—MrYang,whenshallweleaveschoolthisafternoon?—Notuntiltheclassroom_______.A．hascleaned B．willclean C．willbecleaned D．iscleaned59．Goodnews!ThefilmTitanichasreturnedtobigscreenin3Dfifteenyearsafterit________.A．hasshown B．wasshown C．shows D．willbeshown60．—Excuseme,sir.Whencanwedriveonthehighway?—Notuntilit________nextweek.A．isbuilt B．builds C．willbuild D．willbebuilt61．Whenthenaturalpark_____，itwillbeagoodplaceforpeopletoplayandrelax.A．hascompleted B．willcomplete C．iscompleted D．willbecompleted62．一Themanagerhascomebackfromhisbusinesstrip.He'saskingyouforthereport.一Oh,mygod!Ihaven'tfinishedityet.Buthe________backatthecompanytomorrow.A．willexpect B．expected C．wasexpected D．isexpected63．—MyfatherworksinPukou.Hespendsmuchtimedrivinghomeeveryday.—Don’tworryaboutthat.It’llbeeasierwhenthebridge________.A．repairs B．willrepair C．isrepaired D．willberepaired十一、选择题64．Kimberly______anarticle,sodon’tdisturbher.A．wouldwrite B．writes C．wrote D．iswriting65．Duetoaterriblefluthat________on,manystudentsdon’tshowuptoschooltoday.A．goes B．wasgoing C．isgoing D．hasgone66．--Hello,I_______toaskifIcanbooktwoticketsfortonight’sfilm.--Sorry,we’vealreadysoldout.A．amphoning B．willphoneC．phone D．havephoned67．I______theneighbour’scatthisweekwhileshe’sinhospital.A．feed B．wouldfeed C．amfeeding D．wastofeed68．Thewatersupplyhasbeencutofftemporarilybecausetheworkersthemainpipe．A．repair B．repairedC．haverepaired D．arerepairing69．------What’swrongwithyou,Kate?------Theshoesdon’tfitmeproperly.They_____myfeet.A．havehurt B．arehurting C．hadhurt D．arehurt70．I________onasofabecausemygrandparentshavebeenheretospendtheweekend.A．slept B．wassleeping C．haveslept D．amsleeping71．Myoil________.Imustgotothegasstationbeforethereisnoneleft.A．hasrunout B．isrunningout C．hasbeenrunout D．isbeingrunout72．—Hello!MayIspeaktoTom?—Onemoment!He_______ane-mail.A．issending B．sent C．sends D．wassending73．—Mom,it’ssolate.Whydon’tyougotobed?—Yourbrotherhasn’tcomebackyet.I________forhim.A．wait B．amwaiting C．haswaited D．waited74．—Tom,where'sdad?—Oh,he________theflowersinthegarden.A．waters B．iswatering C．watered D．haswatered十二、选择题75．TheF1driverishugelytalented,________hestillworkshardtoachievehisgoals.A．so B．but C．if D．though十三、选择题76．—Couldyoutellme________yuanxiaoinChina?—UsuallyattheLanternFestival.A．whenpeopleeat B．howpeopleeat C．whendopeopleeat D．howdopeopleeat77．-Excuseme,I'mafraidwe'relost.Couldyoutellus__________?-Sure.Goalongthestreetforabout15minutes,andthenyou'llseeit.A．howcanIgettoWandaShoppingMall B．whereWandaShoppingMallisC．howfarisWandaShoppingMall D．whereisWandaShoppingMall十四、选择题78．Mycarbrokedownonthewaytotheairport,soIrushedtherebytaxionlytofindmyflighthadbeencancelled.WhatcanIsay?A．Itneverrainsbutitpours. B．Everydoghasitsday.C．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm. D．Neverputallyoureggsinonebasket.79．—,couldyoutellmewheretoparkmycar?—Sure.There’sanundergroundparkinglotoverthere.A．Letitgo B．Pardonme C．Excuseme D．Ontheway十五、选择题80．—WecaninviteKateandPaultoBaoheParkwithus.—________I’llgivethemacallrightnow.A．Whynot? B．Whatfor? C．What’sup? D．Areyoukidding?81．—We’ll

study

in

different

schools

next

term.

I

hope

you’ll

enjoy

your

time

in

the

new

school!—________A．I’ll

take

your

advice. B．The

same

to

you. C．Congratulations! D．It

doesn’t

matter.82．—Areyoufeelinganybetternowaftertakingthemedicine?—________.I’mfeelingevenworse.A．Yougotit B．Nevermind C．Sorrytohearthat D．Quitetheopposite83．—Ifinditdifficulttofallasleepbeforeexams.Couldyouhelpme?—___________.Wehavehelpedmanystudentswithsimilarproblems.A．Noproblem B．Comeon C．Welldone D．Whatapity84．－Doyouthinktherainwillstoptomorrow?－_____.Ithasrainedforfourdays.It’stooweteverywhere.A．Ihopenot B．Idon’tthinksoC．Don’tworry D．Ihopeso十六、选择题85．—WhathappenedtoLucy?Isawher_______inherseatjustnow.—Shefailedinthefinalexam.Let’sgotocheerherup.A．crying B．tocry C．cried D．tobecrying86．WhenIwasyoungIlikedtolistentotheradio,________formyfavouritesong.A．wait B．waited C．waiting D．sothatwait87．IsawherflowersinthegardenwhenIpassedby.A．towater B．water C．watering D．watered88．Lily’sparentsalwaysencourageher____outheropinions.A．speak B．speaking C．tospeak D．spoken89．________bygreentreesandlovelyanimals,thevisitorstoCherryTreesFarmwerequiterelaxed.A．Surrounded B．Surround C．Surrounding D．Tosurround90．—Youdon’tknowwhatgreatdifficultyIhad________togetthetwotickets.—Butthefilmisreallyworth_________twice.A．managing;seeing B．tomanage;seeingC．managing;beingseen D．managed;tosee91．________oftheroad________brokendown．Itneeds________．A．Three-fourths;was;repairedB．Threequarters;has;torepairC．Three-fourth;was;toberepairedD．Threequarters;has;repairing92．—What’syourplanforthecomingsummerholiday?—I’lldevoteasmuchtimeasIcansomevoluntarywork.A．todo B．todoing C．do D．doing93．Hemadeuphismindtodevotehislife________pollution________happily.A．toprevent;fromliving B．toprevent;toliveC．topreventing;fromliving D．topreventing;tolive94．（题文）Themanagerisusedto_____________thecomputertochecke-mailseverymorning.A．turnonB．turningonC．turnoffD．turningoff95．Sallypractices_________theguitarveryhardforthecomingcontestnextmonth.A．play B．plays C．playing D．toplay96．—Jack,whyhaveyoudecided________Chinesefolkmusicasacourse.—TolearnmoreaboutChineseculture.A．take B．taken C．totake D．taking97．Iprefer______thecheaperoneofthetwosweaters_____somemoneyforadictionary.A．tohave;tosaving B．having;tosavingC．tohave;tosave D．having,tosave98．—________twice,thecatrefusedtomoveneartothetableunlessthedogwasaway.A．Beingbitten B．Bitten C．Havingbitten D．Tobebitten十七、选择题99．—Sorry,I’mlate.Hasthemeetingbegun?—Itdoesn’tmatter.Themeeting________forseveralminutes.A．hasjustbegun B．hasjustbeenoverC．hasjustbeenon D．hasjustended100．—WhendidtheMixcShoppingCenteropen?—It________fornearlyhalfayear.A．hasopened B．hasbeenopen C．wasopened D．hadbeenopen十八、选择题101．Thissortofclothingmaterial,whichfeelssoft,______.A．catchesfireeasily B．iscaughtfireeasilyC．iseasycaughtfire D．iseasilytocatchfire102．—Ipressedthebuttonjustnow,butnocopiescameout.—Themachine_______well.Youmusthavemadeanerrorinoperation.A．runs B．ranC．hadrun D．hasrun103．Ourbedroom________8metresacross,if________inmetres.A．ismeasured;measured B．ismeasuredin;measuringC．measures;measured D．measuresin;measuring104．Ifyouhaveanyquestion,please______freetocontactmeatsue_smith@126.com.A．tofeelB．feelingC．feelD．felt105．Thiskindofgelpenwhich______smoothlyisquitepopularwithstudents.A．iswrittenB．iswritingC．wroteD．writes106．“81192”,thenumberofWangWei’splane,________uponmanyChinesemediaoutletstoremindusofourheroonApril1everyyear.A．showed B．showing C．toshow D．shows107．—Excuseme!Youcan’ttakephotoshere.Lookatthesign“NOPHOTOS”.—Sorry,I________it.A．don’tsee B．amgoingtosee C．didn’tsee D．won’tsee108．—Lindaisnotcomingforthepartytonight.—Butshe__________.A．promises B．promised C．willpromise D．hadpromised109．—Alicehasgoneout.—Oh,hasshe?Whattime________she________?A．has;gone B．is;going C．will;go D．did;go110．—Hi,Jessica!I________youwereinNanjing.PeopletoldmeyouwereinShanghai.—Well,Icamebackjustonehourago.A．don’tknow B．didn’tknow C．haven’tknown D．won’tknow111．CandyhasdecidedtomovetoTaipeinextyear.Whenshestudiesinanartschoolthere,she________withherauntforfivemonths.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．willlive112．Thenewspaperhaspickedoutsomeeventsthatmatteredtotheworldlastyearand________ourworldforyearstocome.A．influence B．influenced C．willinfluence D．haveinfluenced十九、选择题113．Thetree________isnearShitaTempleisover1000yearsold.A．who B．which C．what D．whom114．Theboy______alwaysthinksofothersispopularwithhisclassmates.A．who B．what C．where D．which115．—Couldyoushowthewaytothestationtomemaybefiveminutes'walkfromhere?—Noproblem.Butit'ssillytotakeataxiyoucaneasilywalktothestation.A．/;if B．which;since C．that;when D．who;if116．RunningmanisaveryrelaxingTVprogram_______ishotamongtheyoungpeople.A．what B．which C．who D．whom117．Therearemanyworksofartinthemuseum_______wewillvisittomorrow.A．where B．who C．which D．what二十、选择题118．—Jenny,willyouleavefortheUKnow?—No.Itwillbetwoweeks________Ileavehere.A．until B．since C．before D．when119．It’salmostthreeyears________wesaweachotherlasttime.A．since B．after C．when D．before120．Dr.Smithwillneverleavehisparents________heissurebothofthemaretakengoodcareof.A．since B．though C．if D．unless【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】句意：除了良好的饮食，马拉松运动员瞿先生需要每天锻炼以保持健康。diet日常饮食，规定饮食，是可数名词，因此要前面加不定冠词a；takeexercise锻炼。故选D。2．A解析：A【解析】考查冠词。第一空后的surprise抽象名词具体化了，指一件让人惊讶的事情，或者让人惊讶的人。第二空特指太空旅游的梦想。故A正确。3．D解析：D【解析】考查冠词。句意：许多年来，他都想写一本儿童读物，但是一件又一件的事情挡道。泛指一本儿童书籍用a；固定搭配getintheway意为“妨碍，挡道”，故选D。4．B解析：B【解析】本题考查冠词。gotothecinema表示去看电影的意思；forawhile过一会儿的意思，故本题选B。5．B解析：B【解析】句意：那时我们在史密斯家有一段多么美好的日子呀！第一空：time在这指日子，时期。是可数名词所以用a,第二空：the+Smiths,指史密斯一家，所以选B。6．C解析：C【解析】考查冠词。第一空为固定短语：通过电话overthephone，第二空：写信writeletters，letters前不需要加冠词，所以选C。7．C解析：C【解析】考查冠词的用法。第一空pleasure抽象名词具体化，在这指高兴的事，第二空为固定短语：gotothecinema去看电影，句意：一周的努力工作之后去看电影是一件非常高兴地事。故选C。8．A解析：A【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：印度在一段长时间的斗争之后，在1947年获得了独立。independence意为：独立，不可数；alongstruggle一段长时间的斗争。故选A项。9．C解析：C【解析】【详解】考查不定冠词。句意：我瞥了一眼报纸，从那儿我看到了一则关于这个事故的报道。在这句话中，“catchaglimpseof”意为“瞥见一眼”，为固定搭配。“report（报道）”前文中没有提到过，第一次出现，所以用不定冠词修饰，又因其是以辅音音素开始的，故填a。故选C。10．A解析：A【详解】句意：杰西来自一个欧洲国家。她正在参加电视节目《我是歌手》。考查冠词。a用于以辅音音素开始的单词前，表示一个；an用于以元音音素开始的单词前，表示一个；the表示特指，定冠词；根据“Europeancountry”是辅音音素开头的单数名词词组，所以第一空用“a”；再根据“TVshowIAmASinger.”可知是特指那个电视节目，所以第二空用“the”，故选A。11．B解析：B【详解】句意：2021年是中国“14个五年计划”的开局之年。考查冠词用法，a；an为不定冠词，修饰可数名词的单数，表示泛指；the为定冠词，表示特指；thebeginningof为固定搭配，意为“……的开始”，所以此处选the，故选B。12．D解析：D【详解】句意：小说《巴黎圣母院》告诉我们一个丑陋的人可能有一个美丽的心灵。考查冠词辨析。/不填；the定冠词，表示特指等；a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音因素开头的单词之前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音因素开头的单词之前。根据句意，空处的冠词表示泛指，且ugly是以元音因素开头，故应用不定冠词an。故选D。13．A解析：A【详解】句意：——彼得，你已经连续工作了三个小时了！——我的设计需要一个有用的想法，所以我正在忙着查找一些信息。考查冠词的用法。此处泛指一个想法，用不定冠词修饰，useful首字母发辅音音素，故选A。二、选择题14．A解析：A【详解】句意：——David，我有些重要的事情要告诉你。——太好了！听说我们国家在探索太空方面取得了进步，我很高兴。考查复合不定代词的用法。something某事，复合不定代词，放在肯定句中；anything某事，任何事，复合不定代词，放在疑问句和否定句中，因空格处的句子是肯定句，故排除BD；形容词修饰复合不定代词作定语时，要后置。故选A。15．B解析：B【详解】句意：如果出了什么问题，把它解决好。别担心。忧虑永远不会解决任何问题。考查不定代词。something某事；某物；anything任何事物；nothing没有什么；everything每件事。anything一般用于否定句和疑问句中；something则用在肯定句中；everything以单数形式表达所有的概念；nothing则表示什么都没有。因为句中有never，可知，本题是否定句，因此应该选择anything任何事物，表示：忧虑永远不会解决任何问题。故选B。16．D解析：D【详解】句意：——星期三下午你有几节课？——没有课，所以我们可以加入任何我们喜欢的俱乐部。考查代词辨析。Neither两者都不；Either两者之一；Nothing没有什么；None一个也没有。根据“Howmany...”和“Sowecanjoinanyclubwelike.”可知，周三下午没有课，所以可以加入喜欢的俱乐部。故选D。17．A解析：A【详解】句意：——你能告诉我周五的下午你有多少课么？——一节也没有。我们可以参加任何我们喜欢的俱乐部的活动。考查不定代词。none一个也没；nothing指物，没有什么；neither二者都不；either二者之一。根据“howmanyclasses”可知回答表达的是数量上的“一节课也没”，用none。故选A。三、选择题18．C解析：C【详解】句意：——搜索信息在今天并不是什么大事。——确切地说，我们面临的挑战是如何辨别信息的真伪。考查名词辨析。advantage优势；message消息；challenge挑战；knowledge知识。根据题干中“howwecantellwhethertheinformationistrueornot”可知我们如何判断信息的真实性是一个“挑战”，用challenge符合题意。故选C。19．B解析：B【详解】句意：——我在学习化学方面有很大的困难，我非常担心。你能帮助我吗？——当然可以。我很乐意。考查名词辨析。interest兴趣；trouble困难，麻烦；fun乐趣；joy快乐。根据“Couldyouhelpme?”可知，需要对方的帮助，因此表示学习化学有困难，havetroubleindoingsth做某事有困难，故选B。20．A解析：A【详解】句意：——李先生，你能告诉我更多关于中国风俗的事情吗？——当然。例如，我们通常在端午节吃粽子。考查名词辨析。customs风俗；services服务；symbols标志；holidays假日。根据“Forexample,weusuallyeatricedumplingsontheDragonBoatFestival.”可知端午节吃粽子属于中国的风俗。故选A。21．C解析：C【详解】句意：——你认识一个叫陈杲的中国人吗？——确切地说，他的成就令全世界震惊，他成为了数学领域最年轻的博士生导师。考查名词辨析。advantage优点；progress进步；achievement成绩；attention注意力。根据后句“andhebecomestheyoungestPHDsupervisor（博导）inMatharea.”可知，应是他的成就令全世界震惊。故选C。22．B解析：B【详解】句意：你能寄给我一些你的照片吗？我非常想念你！考查名词辨析。magazines杂志；photos照片；phones电话；works作品。根据“Imissyouverymuch!”可知，非常想念某人，应该想要某人的照片以缓解思念。故选B。四、选择题23．C解析：C【详解】句意：——琳达这些天练习小提琴一个小时。——我知道了。这会让她有足够的信心在今晚的舞台上表演。考查形容词辨析。active积极的；humorous幽默的；confident自信的；patient耐心的。根据“toperformonstagetonight”可知，是上台有自信，故选C。24．B解析：B【详解】句意：金先生非常有耐心。他把难题解释很多遍直到我们理解。考查形容词辨析。strict严格的；patient耐心的；polite有礼貌的；hard-working努力工作的。根据“Heexplainsthedifficultiesmanytimesuntilweunderstandthem”可知他讲解问题很多遍，说明他很有耐心。故选B。五、选择题25．B解析：B【详解】句意：不要害怕困难。记住：风筝顶着风高飞，而不是顺着风。考查介词辨析。over在……上；against违背；across穿过；along沿着。根据“kitesrisehighest…thewind”可知，风筝是逆着风飞，故选B。26．C解析：C【详解】句意：在西方国家，孩子们在10月31日晚上玩“不给糖就捣蛋”游戏。考查介词辨析。at其后加时间点等；in其后加早中晚/季节/月份/年份等；on其后加星期或具体的时间；to到。根据“theeveningofOctober31st”可知，此处表示具体的时间，要用on。故选C。27．C解析：C【详解】句意：很遗憾，这个练习超出了班上大多数人的能力。考查介词辨析。over在……上（正上方）；above在……上（上方）；beyond超出；without没有。根据“It’sapity”和“theabilitiesofmostoftheclass”可知，练习超出了大多人的能力范围，这很遗憾。故选C。28．C解析：C【详解】句意：我们在10月31日晚上有一个聚会。考查介词辨析。in后接年、月、季节等；at后接具体钟表时刻；on后接具体某一天或具体某一天的上下午、晚上等；by到……为止。根据“theeveningofOctober31”可知表示在10月31日的晚上，用介词on符合语境。故选C。29．D解析：D【详解】句意：昨天在我回家的路上我碰到南希。考查介词辨析。in在……里面；at在某个具体的点；by通过；on在……上面。onone’swayhome在某人回家的路上；inone’sway挡道、妨碍人；bytheway顺便说一下。根据语境，应是在回家的路上碰到南希。故选D。六、选择题30．D解析：D【详解】句意：作为一名志愿者，他经常去医院鼓励病人。考查动词短语。cheerfor为……欢呼；helpfor帮助；putup张贴；cheerup使振作起来。根据句中“goestothehospital”及“thesick”可知，这里指去医院鼓励病人，故选D。31．A解析：A【详解】句意：毫无疑问，“一带一路”将成功推动中国与沿线国家的合作与发展。考查动词短语辨析。pushfor推动；carefor关心；lookfor寻找；hopefor希望。根据“…cooperationanddevelopment”可知，是推动合作与发展，故选A。32．C解析：C【详解】句意：志愿者分发传单，鼓励更多的人正确分类垃圾。考查动词短语。putout扑灭；findout找出；handout分发；turnout结果是。根据“Volunteers...leafletstoencouragemorepeopletoseparaterubbishcorrectly.”可知，此处表示分发传单，应用handout。故选C。33．C解析：C【详解】句意：——每天早晨我已经习惯读英语了。——是的，英语非常重要。英语在英国和其它的一些国家作为第一语言来使用。考查used短语的区别。beusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事；usedtodo过去常常做某事；beusedby被……来使用；beusedas被用作……；根据“everymorning”可知，第一句表达“习惯于”，应用beusedtodoing；结合“thefirstlanguage”可知，第二空表达“被当作”，应用beusedas，故选C。34．D解析：D【详解】句意：当你刷牙的时候,请关闭水源。考查动词短语辨析。takedown取下;turnup调高;takeaway带走;turnoff关掉。根据常识可知，故选D。七、选择题35．B解析：B【详解】句意：——今天我必须去上学，是吗？——不，你不必。你可以等好点再去。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止，不要；needn’t不必，没有必要。must是情态动词，意为“必须”，反意疑问句应用need构成，答语中也应用need。故选B。36．A解析：A【详解】句意：布莱克先生现在不可能在家。他上周五去国外度假了。考查情态动词词义辨析。can’t不可能，不会；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该。根据“HewentabroadonvacationlastFriday.”可知，布莱克先生上周五出国了，所以猜测他现在不可能在家。故选A。37．A解析：A【详解】句意：——我可以喝点酒吗？——不，你不能。你一会儿得开车回家。考查情态动词。mustn’t不可以，表禁止；needn’t不需要；can’t不可能；maynot可能不是。上句询问能否喝点酒，结合“drivehome”可知，开车不能喝酒，表禁止，故用mustn’t。故选A。38．A解析：A【详解】句意：钟南山院士曾经说过:“要预防这一疾病的传播，我们多么小心也不为过。”考查情态动词。can能、能够；may可以；must必须；should应该。can的否定式和too或enough连用表示“多么……也不为过”，其他情态动词没有这种用法，故答案选A。八、选择题39．C解析：C【详解】句意：——今天多么好的天气啊！我们出去玩吧。——听起来不错。考查感叹句。感叹句的结构为：how+形容词/副词+主谓；what+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式+主谓。中心词day是可数名词的单数形式，nice是以辅音音素开头的形容词，所以此空应填whata，故选C。40．C解析：C【详解】句意：——我们在执行任务时遇到了多大的灾难呀！——多亏了志愿者，我们才得以避免。考查感叹句。在感叹句中，how感叹形容词或副词，其结构是How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语；what感叹名词，其结构是What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数+主语+谓语；What+形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语。根据下文“Thankstothevolunteers,wecouldavoidit.”可知这里遇到了灾难。排除B,D；这里感叹名词disaster，用what感叹，故选C。41．D解析：D【详解】句意：今天的天气多么好呀！考查零冠词的用法。不定冠词a/an表示泛指，a用在首字母是辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在首字母是元音音素开头的单词前。the是定冠词，表示特指。这里是感叹句，weather是不可数名词，前面不能加冠词。根据题意，故选D。42．C解析：C【详解】句意：——很多人说今年春天常州的气温就像过山车一样。——我非常同意。多么多变的天气啊！根据Ican'tagreemore.______!可知这里考查了感叹句，本句的中心词是weather，它是一个不可数名词，changeable是一个形容词，在这里修饰weather，根据What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!这里应该用what。故选C。【点睛】本题考查了感叹句的用法。解答时需注意感叹句的基本结构：What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！43．B解析：B【详解】句意：智能车可以自己驾驶。这是多么伟大的发明啊！本题考查感叹句。根据how+形容词/副词+（主语+谓语）!what+(a/an)+形容词+名词+（主语+谓语）!因invention是可数名词的单数形式，可知，此空应填Whata，故选B。44．D解析：D【详解】句意：——我们应该向在湖北帮助治疗病人的医生和护士学习。——是的。他们多勇敢啊！考查定语从句和感叹句。第一空考查定语从句的关系词，which的先行词是物，who的先行词是人，本句的先行词是“doctorsandnurses”，表示人，所以关系词应用who；第二空考查感叹句，感叹句的结构是“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！”或“How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！”，句中主语前的“brave（勇敢的）”是形容词，由此可知此句是由How引导的感叹句。第一空填who，第二空填How。故选D。45．D解析：D【详解】句意：约翰看起来多快乐啊！他在英语演讲比赛中得了一等奖。他取得了多大的进步啊！他的英语以前很差。考查感叹句what和how的用法。1.what+a/an+单数可数名词或名词短语。如：Whatanicegirl!Whataninterestingbook!2.what+可数名词复数/名词短语或不可数名词。如：Whatcleverchildren!Whatterribleweather!3.how+形容词/副词如：Howbeautiful!Howslowly!Happy为形容词要用How，greatprogress名词短语progress不可数名词要用What，故选D。【点睛】感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感.英语感叹句常用"what"和"how"引导,"what"和"how"与所修饰的词置于句首,其它部分用陈述句语序.一、由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词.这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(itis).如:①Whataclevergirlsheis!多么聪明的姑娘呀!②Whataninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的故事呀!③Whatgoodchildrentheyare!他们是多么好的孩子呀!④Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花呀!⑤Whatdeliciousfooditis!多么有味的食物呀!⑥Whatheavysnowitis!多么大的雪呀!二、由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分).如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:How+adj(adv.)+主语+谓语+(itis).如:①Howcolditistoday!今天多么冷呀!②Hownicethepicturesare!多么漂亮的图画呀!③Howhappytheylook!他们显得多么高兴呀!④Howwellshesings!她唱得多好呀!⑤Howhardtheyareworkingnow!他们干得多么起劲呀!三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹句既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导.如:①Whatahotdayitis!Howhotthedayis!多么热的天气呀!②Whattallbuildingstheyare!Howtallthebuildingsare!多么高的楼房呀!③Whatbadweatheritis!Howbadtheweatheris!多么糟糕的天气呀!④Whatbrightsunshineitis!Howbrightthesunshineis!多么明媚的阳光啊!四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲.如:①Whatafineday!多么晴朗的天呀!②Whatanhonestboy!多么诚实的孩子呀!③Whatredapples!多么红的苹果呀!④Howcool!好凉快呀!46．D解析：D【详解】句意：—我真不敢想象Jack刚才那么对他祖父说话。他是个多没礼貌的男孩啊！—我同意。他不应该那么做。考查感叹句。根据“______boyheis!”可知感叹句的中心词是boy，用感叹词what不用how。根据语境可知是Jack是个不礼貌的男孩。故选D。九、选择题47．C解析：C【详解】句意：-骑自行车去学校花费你多长时间？-大约15分钟。Howsoon多久，多快；Howoften多久一次，提问频率；Howlong多长时间，提问一段时间；Howfar多远，提问距离。根据下面的回答Aboutfifteenminutes可知，这里问的是一段时间，故选C。48．C解析：C【详解】句意：——无锡地铁三号线工程将在多久完成？——不会花很长时间。仅仅三个月后。考查特殊疑问句，Howlong指时间多久或物体多长，时间侧重指一段时间，回答一般是时间段；Howfar指路程和距离，表示多远；Howsoon指某人某事能多块时间完成，表示多久以后，回答一般是in＋时间；Howoften指频率，表示多少时间一次或每个多久。根据答语“inaboutthreemonths三个月之后”，故选C。49．A解析：A【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你多久会回来吗？——10分钟之后。考查特殊疑问词。howsoon多久之后；howoften多久一次；howlong多长（时间或物体）；howfast多快。根据回答“Intenminutes.”可知，本题提问应用howsoon，表示“多久回来”。故选A。50．A解析：A【详解】句意：——你的家人在济南待了多长时间？——两天。考查特殊疑问句。Howlong多长时间；Howmuch多少，提问数量，修饰不可数名词；多少钱，提问价格；Howoften多久一次；Howfar多远。根据下面的回答“Fortwodays”可知，这里问一段时间，故选A。十、选择题51．C解析：C【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以看一会电视吗？——你一做完作业就可以了。考查一般现在时的被动语态。finish完成；主语yourhomework与谓语动词finish之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，其构成为：be+动词的过去分词；assoonas引导的时间状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来时，所以此处使用一般现在时的被动语态；主语yourhomew