Unit 3 总复习同步归纳（原卷版）

2/2必修第2册Unit3Onthemove目标导航目标导航重点词汇1．goaln．2．contentn．3．plasticadj.4．factorn．5．soldiern．6．conflictn．7．idealadj.8．displayn．9．monitorv10．availableadj.11．skipv．12．bonen．13．involvev．14．mastern．15．datan．16．labeln．17．lungn．18．networkn．19．tensionn．20．achev．21．am22．persuadev．23．surfingn．24．chartv．25．settingn．26．barn．27．upperadj.28．interpretv．29．ultimateadj.词汇拓展1．representv．代表，表示→adj.典型的，有代表性的2．basisn．基础；根据→v．以……为基础→adj.基本的3．equipmentn．装备，设备，用具→v．装备，配备4．defendv．(在比赛中)防守，防卫→n．防卫，防护→adj.可防御的；可辩解的5．deathn．死，死亡→adj.无生命的→diev．死亡→adj.垂死的6．adjustableadj.可调整的，可调节的→v．调整→n．调整，调节；适应7．balancen．平衡→adj.平衡的8．responsen．回答，回复→v．回答，作出反应9．powern．力量→adj.强有力的10．disappearv．消失，不见→n．消失11．sweatyadj.满是汗的，被汗水湿透的→n．汗水v．使出汗12．inspirev．鼓舞，激励→n．鼓舞→adj.鼓舞人心的13．championn．(尤指体育比赛中的)冠军，第一名→n．锦标赛；冠军称号重点词组1．尽情地，心满意足地2．由……制成3．以……结束4．分解；发生故障；失败；毁掉5．爆发6．成千上万的7．参加8．偶遇9．反过来，转而；轮流，依次10．处理；涉及11．消失，绝迹，灭绝12．追溯重点句型1．Itisalsoagamethat.这也是一种非常便宜的游戏。2．Allovertheworldyoucantotheirhearts’contentwithaballmadeofplasticbags.在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地踢由塑料袋做成的球。3．aboutanewtopic，itisimportanttocollectfactsandfigures.当学习一个新话题时，收集事实和数据是很重要的。Theseareoftenrepresentedthroughchartsorgraphs，becausetheycan这些通常通过图表或图形表示，因为它们可以使信息更快、更容易解释。5．IhadagreatdayoutinLondon，helpingtosavegorillas！我在伦敦度过了愉快的一天，同时也为拯救大猩猩出了力！知识精讲知识精讲1representv．代表，表示；描述，描绘；表明，意味着(教材P26)Talkaboutwhatyouthinkthesethingsrepresentinafootballgame.谈谈你认为这些东西在足球比赛中代表什么。Theannual­ringstheamountofwoodformedeachyear.年轮代表着每年生成的木材量。[知识拓展](1)represent...with... represent...as... representoneselfas representsth.tosb. (2)representationn. representativen. 2goback追溯(教材P26)ThehistoryofthegamegoesbackovertwothousandyearstoAncientChina.足球的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。Theoldmuseum100years，whichisworthvisiting.这个古老的博物馆可追溯到100年前，值得参观。[知识拓展]dateback＝goback gobackto/datebackto/datefrom [名师点津]goback(to)/dateback(to)/datefrom常指以“现在”为起点向前推，故在句中作谓语时，常用一般现在时。它们没有进行时态，也不能用于被动语态，作定语时要用现在分词形式。3basisn．基础；根据(教材P26)Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。Theofheropinionissomethingshereadinthemagazine.她意见的根据是从杂志里看来的。[知识拓展](1)onthebasisof onaregularbasis (2)basev. base...on/upon... bebasedon/upon (3)basicadj. basicallyadv. 4equipmentn．装备，设备，用具(教材P26)Youdon'tneedexpensiveequipment;eventheballdoesn'thavetocostmuchmoney.不需要什么昂贵的设备，连球也不会花费太多钱。Withthemodern，ourworkwasfinishedaheadoftime.有了现代设备，我们的工作提前完成了。[知识拓展](1)apiece/setofequipment (2)equipvt. equip...with... beequippedwith [语境助记]Theschoolhasbeenrebuiltanditiswellequipped.Muchmoneyhasbeenspentontheofficeequipment.5contentn．满意，满足；内容v．使满意，使满足adj.满意的，满足的(教材P26)Allovertheworldyoucanseekidsplayingtotheirhearts'contentwithaballmadeofplasticbags;justlikePelédidwhenhewasaboy.在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球——就像贝利小时候那样。Thisisagoodbookasfarasitsisconcerned.就内容来说，这是一本好书。[知识拓展](1)toone'sheart'scontent (2)contentoneselfwith (3)becontentwith becontenttodosth. 6defendv．(在比赛中)防守，防卫；保护，保卫；辩护(教材P26)Youdonothavetobeafantorecognisetheskillofprofessionalplayers—howtheyusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefendcanbeamazingtosee...你不用成为球迷也能看明白职业球员的球技有多么好——他们运用身体传球、得分、防守，这些就足以令观众眼花缭乱……Thebestwaytoistoattack.最好的防御就是进攻。[知识拓展](1)defend...from/against...(2)defencen. indefenceof [语境助记]Intimeofwar，lotsofmoneywillbespentondefenceandmanymeasureswillbetakentodefendacountryfrombeingattacked.7putdown放下；记下；镇压(教材P27)WorldWarⅠhadbrokenoutmonthsbefore，butBritishandGermansoldiersputdowntheirgunsandplayedfootballtogether...虽然当时第一次世界大战已经持续了数月，但是英国和德国的士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球……LetmeyourtelephonenumberincaseIforgetit.让我记下你的电话号码以免忘记。[知识拓展]putaway putout putoff putup putupwith 8conflictn．武装冲突，战斗，战争，冲突，矛盾v．矛盾，冲突，抵触(教材P27)...onemomentofpeacetorememberduringyearsofconflict.……这是战乱年代值得铭记的和平一刻。Armedmaybreakoutatanymoment.武装冲突有一触即发之势。[知识拓展](1)armed/militaryconflict comeintoconflictwith inconflictwith (2)conflictwith 9amatterof关乎……的事情(教材P27)Somepeoplebelievefootballisamatteroflifeanddeath，...有些人认为足球事关生死，……Itakethisseriously.It'sprinciple.我对此很认真，这是原则问题。[知识拓展]amatteroflifeanddeath amatterofopinion asamatteroffact tomakemattersworse 10giventhat引导条件状语从句(教材P26)GiventhatNeilArmstrongwantedtotakeafootballtotheMoon，wecouldevensaythatitisalsothemostpopularsportoutofthisworld!想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！句式分析：giventhat意为“考虑到，鉴于，如果，倘若，只要”，用作连词引导条件状语从句。youhadverylittlehelp，Ithinkyoudidverywellunderthecircumstances.考虑到你帮手不多，我想在这种情况下，你已经干得不错了。thereisnotrafficdelay，Iwillbethereontime.只要没有交通阻塞，我会按时到那儿。[知识拓展]与giventhat用法类似的还有：provided(that)...＝providing(that)...suppose/supposing(that)... 11it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语(教材P28)Itisamazingtoseehowprofessionalplayersusetheirbodiestopass，scoreanddefend.看职业球员运用身体传球、得分、防守是令观众眼花缭乱的。句式分析：Itisamazingtosee...是句式“Itis＋adj.＋todosth.”意为“做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。atdifferencesbetweenschoolsindifferentcountries.了解不同国家的学校之间的差异是很有趣的。himchangehismind.让他改变主意不容易。[知识拓展](1)在Itis＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.句型中，形容词只能说明不定式所表示的行为的性质或特点，不能说明不定式动作的执行者。能用于该结构的形容词有：difficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary，possible等。(2)在Itis＋adj.＋ofsb.todosth.句型中，形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的品行、性格、性质等，该句型通常可改为：sb.＋be＋adj.＋todosth.。能用于该结构的形容词有：nice，good，stupid，silly，careful等。(3)Itis＋n．＋todosth.做某事是……(4)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.某人花费多少时间做某事语法精讲语法精讲不定式作定语和结果状语一、不定式作定语[观察例句]①Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?②TheBrownshaveacomfortablehousetolivein.③Let'sfirstfindaroomtoputthesethingsin.④Haveyougotanythingtobesent?⑤Theyarealwaysthefirsttobearhardships，butthelasttoenjoycomforts.⑥Volunteeringgivesyouachancetochangelives，includingyourown.[归纳用法]1．不定式作定语时与所修饰的词之间往往存在动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面需有相应的介词。2．当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者，且句子的主语是执行者时需用主动语态，若句子的主语不是执行者需用被动语态。3．若名词前有序数词、最高级或no，all，any，only等修饰，后面一般用不定式作定语。4．被修饰的是抽象名词时用不定式作定语，常见的抽象名词：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。[名师点津]不定式作定语时，相当于定语从句。完成句子①我不能和你去，因为我有个会议要参加。Ican'tgowithyou，because．②他总是第一个到校。Heisalways．③这将是一个交流经验的好机会。Thiswillbe．④我有一只写字的钢笔。Ihave．⑤我打算参加明天举行的聚会。Iplantoattendtomorrow.二、不定式作结果状语[观察例句]①Ihurriedthere，onlytofindthatallofthemhadgone.②Theboyisoldenoughtodresshimself.③I'mtoobusyenjoyingmylifenowtoworryaboutthefuture!④Hewassokindastohelptheoldmangetonthebus.⑤Wearenotsuchfoolsastobelieveyou.[归纳用法]1．不定式作结果状语时常与only连用。2．在...enoughtodosth.，too...todosth.，so/such...astodosth.结构中，todo表示结果。[名师点津](1)不定式作结果状语时，相当于结果状语从句。(2)不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果；而v.­ing作结果状语时表示自然而然的结果。完成句子①他匆忙赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。Hehurriedtothestation，thetrainhadleft.②他到了售票处，结果被告知票已经卖光了。Hewenttotheboxoffice，thattheticketshadbeensoldout.③他年龄太小，还不懂得生活的艰辛。Heisstillthehardshipoflife.④他很富裕，足以买得起这样的大房子。Heissuchabighouse.⑤他气得说不出话来。Hewasunabletospeak.写作园地写作园地写一个运动故事本单元写作任务是写一个运动故事，属于记叙文。由于所写的故事是作者自己所经历的事情，故时态通常为一般过去时，人称主要为第一人称。[基本框架]1．开头：点明运动的缘由；2．主体：讲述运动的过程；3．结尾：总结运动的影响。[常用词块]1．gohiking去远足2．inhighspirits情绪高涨3．aclosegame势均力敌的比赛4．goallout全力以赴5．breaktherecord打破纪录6．buildupone'sbody增强某人的体质[常用语句]精彩开头1．Recentlyourclassheldabasketballgamebetweenteachersandstudentstoimprovetherelationshipbetweenus.最近我们学校举办了一场师生篮球赛，目的是改善师生关系。2．Inordertoencouragethestudentstotakeoutdoorexercise，ourschoolorganizedamountain­climbingonApril10.为了鼓励同学们参加户外锻炼，我们学校于4月10日组织了一次爬山活动。3．WhenIwassixyearsold，myparentsoftentookmetoaswimmingpool.我6岁时，父母经常带我去游泳池。丰满主体1．Bathedinthesunshine，wejumpedandcheeredwithjoy.沐浴在阳光里，我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。2．Nothavingexercisedforalongtime，Iranveryslowinthesportsmeeting.由于很长时间没有进行体育锻炼了，我在运动会上跑得很慢。3．Themomentwewonthegame，anoldsayinghitmymind—Nopains，nogains.我们一赢得比赛，我就想到了一句古老的谚语“不劳则无获”。4．Everyoneontheplaygroundstood，andthecheeringwentonfor5minutes.操场上所有人都站立着，欢呼声持续了5分钟。余味结尾1．Tosumup，webenefitedalotfromtheactivity.总之，我们从这次活动中受益匪浅。2．Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudybetter.只有以这种方式我们才有足够的精力学得更好。3．Notonlydiditgiveusrelaxationfromheavyschoolwork，italsopromotedthefriendshipamongus.它不仅使我们从繁重的学业中放松，而且促进了我们之间的友谊。例文假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Emily得知你最近在国际短跑比赛中获得冠军，来信请你介绍一下你的运动经历。请你给她写一封回信，要点包括：1．开始运动的时间；2．运动中遇到的困难；3．希望实现的运动目标。注意：1．词数80左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearEmily，Iamsodelightedtohearfromyou.IwassoexcitedwhenIstoodonthepodium(领奖台)againthisyear.Yours，LiHua练习假定你是李华，过去迷恋游戏导致学习和身体都受到了影响。后来在一个跑步软件的帮助下，你坚持跑步，改掉了以前的坏习惯，改进了不足。请根据以上提示写一篇记叙文。注意：1．词数80左右。2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________分层提分分层提分题组A基础过关练Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)1．Latinasaspokenlanguagemanyyearsago.2．Infact，(冲浪)theInternettakesupmostofhertime.3．Theoldwomanwasintobuyingmanygoodsthatday.4．Theworkofanelephanttrainer(包括)loveanddevotion.5．They(使满足)themselveswithlettingitfalldownlastmonth.6．HertrustinmehasmetodothingsthatIneverimaginedpossible.7．Iamneverboredwithusingscientific(设备)whendoingexperiments.8．Thescientistoften(监测)thebehaviourofsharkstopredictbadweather.9．IhavelearnedtosignaltomyteammatestogivemetheballwhenIhaveagoodshotfor.10．DuringtheMiddleAges，themainaimofpainterswasto(表现)religiousthemes.Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)1．Hewasoneofthemost(power)meninBohemia.2．Theactorwillholdapartyin(respond)tothenews.3．Hisspeechreallymadethepeoplepresentfeel(inspire)．4．Tokeephealthy，sheisgoingona(balance)diet.5．Iguesstheywillmake(adjust)tomysalarythismonth.6．Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhands，asifin(defend)．题组B能力提升练七选五HaveyoueverheardoftheInternetofThings(IoT)?It’satermthatisbeingusedmoreandmoreoftenlately.1Basically，anydevicewithanon/offswitchthatconnectstotheInternetispartoftheIoT.Basedonthisdefinition，whatitemsmightbepartoftheIoT?Lookaroundyou.ArethereanydevicesinyourhomeorclassroompartoftheIoT？2Yourfriend’ssmartphone?Yourteacher’siWatch?Howaboutthosesmartheadphonesyouwantforyourbirthday?TheseareallpartoftheIoT.Inmanycases，thesedevicessharedatawitheachother.3Forexample，considerthedevicesinasmarthome.Theremightbeasmartthermostat(恒温器)，asmartspeakerandasmartoven(烤箱)．Now，pictureapersonwalkinghomewithasmartphoneinthepocket.Ifthesmartphone’sGPSknowsthepersonwillbehomesoon，itcansendthatinformationtotheotherIoTdevices，thethermostatcanadjusttotheperson’spreferredtemperature.Thesmartspeakercanplaytheperson’sfavoritealbum.4Allthesethingsaredonebeforethepersonwalksthroughthedoor—andwithoutthepersonliftingafinger.ExactlyhowbigistheIoT?Inthenearfuture，itisestimatedthatabout34billiondeviceswillbeconnected.Justthinkofallthewaysthosedevicescanworktogethertomakelifeeasier！5You’refacedwiththethreatofhackers(黑客)stealingdatafromdevicesinhomes，carsandbusinesses.Securityisnowmoreimportantthanever.A．Butwhatdoesitactuallymean?B．Butofcourse，therearedrawbacks.C．Theiruniversalitymightsurpriseyou.D．Thesmartovencanheatuptheperson’sfavoritesnack.E．ToomanyIoTdevicesgivelittlethoughttothebasicsofsecurity.F．TheIoTbridgesthegapbetweenthedigitalworldandthephysicalworld.G．Bysharingdata，devicesontheIoTworktogethertomakesomepartsoflifeeasier.题组C培优拔尖练ABinge-watching(刷剧)iswhenapersonwatchesmorethanoneepisodeofashowinquicksuccession(一连串，连续)．WithdevelopmentsinthespeedandconnectivityoftheInternet，increasesintechnologyandtheriseofon-demandentertainmentcompanies，peoplecannowhavetheirfavoriteshowsstreameddirectlytotheirtelevisionattheirconvenience.Thisbehaviorisnothingnew.Infact，“binge-watching”hasbeenofficiallylistedindictionariessince2015.Theentertainmentcompaniesrecognizethisbehaviorandmanytakestepstoencourageit.Often，insteadofreleasingeachepisodeonaweek-by-weekbasis，anentireserieswillbecomeavailableconcurrently.Oncetheepisodefinishes，manyplatformswilldisplaypop-upswith“youmightlike”suggestions，orwillautomaticallyplaythenextepisode.However，recentresearchsuggeststhatoutofthemorethanhalfofBritishadultswhowatchmorethanoneepisodeofashowback-to-back(一集接一集地)，almostathirdhaveadmittedmissingsleeporbecomingtiredasaresult;andonequarterhaveneglectedtheirhouseholdchores.Nextwe’llbemissingwork!Bingeinghasotherconnections—bingeeating，bingedrinkingandbingesmoking.Allofthemareoftenassociatedwithalackofcontrolandapossibleroutetoaddiction.LindseyFussell，consumergroupdirector，said，“Thedaysofwaitingaweekforthenextepisodearelargelygone，withpeoplefindingithardtoresistwatchingmultipleepisodesaroundthehouseoronthemove.”Ifpeoplefindbinge-watchinghardtoresist，arewewitnessingthebirthofanewtypeofaddiction?Thecountlessnumberofinformationandentertainmentthattelevisionandonlinemediacanbringusis，manywouldsay，agoodthing.However，whentheactivitybeginstobleedintootherareas，causingustostopfunctioningthenitbecomesaproblem.So，what’stheanswer?Moderation!Neitheratinyamount，nortoomuch.Afterall，astheoldproverbsays，“Alittleofwhatyoufancydoesyougood.”1．Howdidthewriterdevelopthefirstparagraph?A．Bygivingadefinition.B．Bytellingastory.C．Bylistingsomeexamples.D．Byanalyzingthecauseandeffect.2．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“concurrently”inPara.2?A．Forconvenience. B．Atthesametime.C．Indetail. D．Freeofcharge.3．WhatLindseysaidinParagraph4impliesthat.A．peoplecan’tcontroltheirfeelingsB．peoplecan’tresistthetemptationC．peoplehavenopatiencetodoworkD．peopleareaddictedtowaitingforanewepisode4．Whatadvicedidthewritergiveatlast?A．Tokeeponlinemediafromstoppingfunctioning.B．Toenjoyentertainmentasmuchaspossible.C．Tolearnlifelessonsfromtheepisodes.D．Towatchepisodesinamoderateway.B“Ifyoudon’tbehave，I’llcallthepolice”isaliethatparentsgenerallyusetogettheiryoungchildrentobehave.Parents’liesworkintheshortterms，butanewstudyledbyNTUSingaporesuggeststhatthey’reassociatedwithharmfuleffectswhenthechildbecomesanadult.Theresearchteamasked379Singaporeanyoungadultswhethertheirparentsliedtothemwhentheywerechildren，howmuchtheylietotheirparentsnow，andhowwelltheyadjusttoadulthoodchallenges.Adultswhoreportedbeingliedtomoreaschildrenweremorelikelytoreportdeceivingtheirparentsintheiradulthood.Theyalsosaidtheyfacedgreaterdifficultyinmeetingpsychologicalands