Unit 4 一轮复习考点通关卷 (答案版)

单元考点巩固卷Unit4

NaturalDisasters（总分50分；时间30分钟）一、根据汉语提示拼写单词（每题1分，共10分）1.Theelectricity（供应）hadbeencutoff.2.Grace（轻敲）onthebedroomdoorandwentin.3.Thesoldiersaretrainedtojumpfromtheplaneswithfull（成套装备）on.4.Thelocalswereencouragedto_______（使陷入圈套）andkillmicetostopthespreadofthevirus.5.Yourlettergot__________（掩埋）underapileofpapers.6.Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardly_________（呼吸）.7.ManyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreat__________（努力）totakethecenterstage.8.Localpeoplearequestioningthe__________（智慧）ofspendingsomuchmoneyonanewroad.9.Itisusuallyeasiertopickoutthemeaningofaphraseinagiven_________（上下文）.10.Someemployerswere__________（遭受）fromadesperateshortageofschool-leavers.1.supply2.tapped3.kit4.trap5.buried6.breathe7.efforts8.wisdom9.context10.suffering二、单句语法填空（每题1分，共10分）1.Climatechangecouldhave__________（disaster）effectsontheEarth.2.Theplacewasrecentlyvisitedbyaserious__________（volcano）eruption.3.Thesailorswererescued__________theseabyahelicopter.4.Achild’sbehaviorcan__________（affect）byhishomeenvironment.5.Sheisabletoslide__________aroomwithoutanyonenoticing.6.Waterpollutiondidgreatdamage__________thecrops.7.Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulallthelightson.8.Rescueworkersarerescuingthe(injure)intheearthquake.9.Theonly__________（survive）ofthecarcrashwasrushedtohospital.10.Withthegovernment’said,those(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.1.disastrous2.volcanic3.from4.beaffected5.into6.to7.with8.injured9.survivor10..affected三、短语填空（每题1分，共10分）sweepaway,crashinto,thenumberof,beaffectedby,beexpectedto,base...on,keepcalm,carryout,outofgratitude,outofnowhere1.__________________peoplegoingtothecinemaseemstodecreasesteadily.2.MyFairLadyisasuccessfulfilmwhich____________GeorgeBernardShaw’sclassicPygmalion.3.ThefirstThanksgivingwascelebrated____________________forsurvival.4.Thoughsurprisedtomeethermanagerattheparty,she____________________.5.Atthelastmoment,ashortmanappeared____________________towintherace.6.Theplanegotoutofcontroland____________________thesea.7.Heaskedustoassisthimto____________________hisplan.8.Thevillage____________________whenthedamburst.9.Orderedoveraweekago,thebooks____________________arriveanytimenow.10.We____________________hisdevotiontowork.1.Thenumberof2.isbasedon3.outofgratitude4.keptcalm5.outofnowhere6.crashedinto7.carryout8.wassweptaway9.areexpectedto10.aredeeplyaffectedby四、语篇语法填空（每题1分，共10分）Asanoldsayinggoes,“Friendsarelikewine;theolder,thebetter.”Becauseofthat,nowadaysmanypeoplethinkoldfriendstobe1(important)thannewones.Forexample,iftwopiecesofadvice2(give)tosolveaproblem,onefromanewfriendandtheotherfromanoldfriend,peoplealwaystendtochoosethelatterone,althoughthenewfriend’sadvicemaybebetter.I,however,3(agree)withtheoldsaying,believingthatnewfriendsarenot4(necessary)worsethanoldfriends.Why?Becausethe5(long)oftimecannottellwhetheryourfriendshipisbetterornot.Onceyoucallsomeoneyourfriend,hemustbeaperson6isreliableandwhoseinterestsareincommonwith7(you).Maybeafriend’soutsidelook8(change)allthetime,buttheinsidecharactersofhimandhisinterestswon’tchangeatall.Itisjusttheseunchangeablecharactersandinterests9makehimafriendofyou.10,onthispoint,thereisnodifferencebetweenoldfriendsandnewones.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.1.moreimportant2.aregiven3.disagree4.necessarily5.length6.who/that7.yours8.changes/ischanging/hasbeenchanging9.that10.Therefore五、完成句子（每题2分，共10分）1.他说只要他们不违反规则，他仍然会支持他们。Hesaidhewouldstillsupportthem,theydidn’tbreaktherules.2.从前的夏天，我们经常泛舟湖上。Weonthelakeinsummer.3.爷爷坐在沙发上，高兴地给孩子们讲着故事。Grandfathersatinthesofa,happily.4.这是我曾看过的第一部美国电影。ThisisthefirstAmericanfilm.5.你认识我们在学校里遇见的那个老师吗?（定语从句）___________________________________________________________1.aslongas2.usedtogosailing3.tellingthechildrenstories4.thatIhaveeverseen5.Doyouknowtheteacher(whom/who/that)wemetintheschool?单元素养检测卷Unit4

NaturalDisasters（总分100分；时间90分钟）一、阅读理解（2023年新高考I卷）AWhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.7.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JohnTodd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。B【江苏省新高考基地学校2022-2023学年高三下学期大联考3月月考英语试题】Afterdecadesofargument,psychologistshaveapparentlyagreedthatarrangingone’sfeaturesintotheshapeofasmilehelpsbrightenthemood.Inotherwords,ifyouwanttofeelalittlehappier,trylookingalittlehappierfirst.Theideahasarockyhistory,though.Tosettlethematteronceandforall,NicholasColes,aresearchscientistatStanfordUniversity,organisedtheManySmilesCollaborationtoconductanexperimentthatadvocates,criticsandthoseonthefencecouldallagree.Thepsychologistsrecruited(招募)nearly4,000peoplefrom19countriesanddividedthemintothreegroups.Thefirstadoptedthepen-in-mouthmethodtoactivatefacialmusclesforsmiling.Thesecondimitatedthefacialexpressionsofsmilingactors.Thethirdwastoldtomovethecornersoftheirlipstowardstheirearsandraisetheircheeks,usingonlythemusclesintheirface.Thevolunteersthenratedtheirhappinessastheypulledthefaces,woreneutralexpressions,andlookedatablankscreensorimagesofpuppies,kittens,flowersandfireworks.AccordingtoareportinNatureHumanBehaviour,thepen-in-mouthmethoddidlittleforemotions—perhapsbecausepeoplehadtobitetheirteethtogether.Buttheothertwoapproachesboostedhappiness,thoughtheeffectwassmall.“Somepeoplebelievethatemotionalexperienceisverycognitive—that’sit’sdrivenbyourevaluationsofwhat’sgoingonintheworld.Thiswork,however,suggeststhatit’salsophysiological,”saidColes.“Emotionalexperienceappearstobebuilt,inpart,offoffeedbackorsensationsfromthenervoussystem.Theacceleratedheartcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandthestretchofasmilecanmakethemfeelhappy,”headded.DrMagdalenaRychlowska,whoworksonfacialexpressions,emotionsandcultureatQueen’sUniversity,Belfast,saidsuchstudieswere“tremendouslybeneficial”forpsychology.“Asaresearcherworkingonhowfacialmovementsinfluenceourfeelings,Iamdelightedtoseethatanindependentstudyfoundsupportforthefacialfeedbackassumption,”shesaid.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean?A.Peoplearedividedontheidea. B.Peoplerefusetoaccepttheidea.C.Theideagainspopularityquickly. D.Theideahasstoodthetestoftime.9.Onwhatbasisdidthepsychologistsgettheirfinding?A.Howthevolunteersfelt. B.Howthevolunteersacted.C.Howthevolunteerslooked. D.Howthevolunteersthought.10.WhydoesColesmaketheseremarksinparagraph5?A.Topraisehisresearchwork. B.Tostatehisresearchfinding.C.Toputforwardanewproject. D.Tocriticizethemistakenbelief.11.WhatdoesRychlowskatalkaboutconcerningtheresearchfinding?A.Itsindependence. B.Itspracticalapplication.C.Itssignificance. D.Itsappealtothepublic.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了心理学家认为如果你想更快乐一点，先试着让自己看起来更快乐一点。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。【8题详解】句意猜测题。根据画线词后文“Tosettlethematteronceandforall,NicholasColes,aresearchscientistatStanfordUniversity,organisedtheManySmilesCollaborationtoconductanexperimentthatadvocates,criticsandthoseonthefencecouldallagree.(为了一劳永逸地解决这个问题，斯坦福大学的研究科学家尼古拉斯•科尔斯组织了“多微笑合作”组织，进行了一项支持者、批评者和持中立态度的人都同意的实验)”可知，后文提到了进行了一项支持者、批评者和持中立态度的人都同意的实验，说明人们对这个观点有分歧，有人支持、有人批评，还有人中立。故画线句意思是“人们对这个观点有分歧”。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Emotionalexperienceappearstobebuilt,inpart,offoffeedbackorsensationsfromthenervoussystem.Theacceleratedheartcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandthestretchofasmilecanmakethemfeelhappy(情感体验似乎在某种程度上是建立在神经系统的反馈或感觉之上的。心跳加速会让人感到焦虑，而微笑则会让人感到快乐)”可知，心理学家是根据志愿者的感受得出他们的发现的。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段““Somepeoplebelievethatemotionalexperienceisverycognitive—that’sit’sdrivenbyourevaluationsofwhat’sgoingonintheworld.Thiswork,however,suggeststhatit’salsophysiological,”saidColes.“Emotionalexperienceappearstobebuilt,inpart,offoffeedbackorsensationsfromthenervoussystem.Theacceleratedheartcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandthestretchofasmilecanmakethemfeelhappy,”headded.(“有些人认为情感体验是非常认知的——它是由我们对世界上正在发生的事情的评估所驱动的。然而，这项研究表明，这也是生理上的，”Coles说。“情感体验似乎在某种程度上是建立在神经系统的反馈或感觉之上的。心跳加速会让人感到焦虑，而微笑则会让人感到快乐。”)”可知，Coles在第5段说的话是为了陈述他的研究发现。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“DrMagdalenaRychlowska,whoworksonfacialexpressions,emotionsandcultureatQueen’sUniversity,Belfast,saidsuchstudieswere“tremendouslybeneficial”forpsychology.“Asaresearcherworkingonhowfacialmovementsinfluenceourfeelings,Iamdelightedtoseethatanindependentstudyfoundsupportforthefacialfeedbackassumption,”shesaid.(在贝尔法斯特女王大学研究面部表情、情绪和文化的MagdalenaRychlowska博士说，这些研究对心理学“非常有益”。她说：“作为一名研究面部运动如何影响我们感觉的研究人员，我很高兴看到一项独立研究发现了对面部反馈假设的支持。”)”可知，Rychlowska在研究发现中谈到了其意义。故选C。二、七选五【广东省华附、省实、广雅、深中四校2022-2023学年高三大联考英语试题】Peoplerefertoneverforgettinghowtorideabikeorthrowabaseballasexamplesof“musclememory”,theresultofamotorlearning.____16____Itisaphenomenonthatpreviouslytrainedmusclesacquirestrengthafteraperiodofdisuse.Previousresearchhasshownthatthechangesactuallypersistinthemusclesthemselves.Inonestudyofmice,theresultssuggestthatafternucleiinmusclecellsmultiplyinresponsetoanoverloadoftraining,thoseextranucleiaren’tlostduringsubsequentperiodsofinactivity.Onceyouhavegotadditionalnuclei,youarebankingthecapacity.____17____Infact,arecentstudyrevealedthatlessthaneightweeksofretrainingwereneededtoreachthepost-traininglevel.Buthowquicklyyouregainyourformerfitnessdependsonhowfityouwereinitially,howlongthelayoffwas,howoldyouareandhowlongyou’dbeenexercising.____18____Itmeansyoustillhaveadistinctadvantagewhenitcomestoregainingyourformerleveloffitness.Andtheprincipleappliestobothresistancetrainingandendurancetraining.Thebestwaytoregainyourmusclememoryistostartatalevelbelowwhatyouwereaccustomedtodoing,andthengraduallyincreaseintermsofduration,frequency,thenintensity.____19____Ultimately,musclememoryisapayoffforallthepastworkyouputintolearningasport.____20____Youwillneverknowhowmuchmusclememoryyoumayhaveuntilyoustarttrainingagain.A.Thebestwaytotapintoitisto“getbackonthehorse”.B.Physiologists,ontheotherhand,defineitinadifferentway.C.Thisconvincestheresearchersthatmusclememorymaynotbelonglasting.D.Thatistosay,wecandothesportsautomaticallywithoutconsciousthought.E.Itisgenerallysafetoincreasetheseelementsby5percenteveryweekortwo.F.Itisevidentthatthemoreyouexercise,themoremusclememorysavingsyouwillhave.G.Allthisnewsaboutmusclememoryisencouragingforthosewhofelloffthefitnessscheme.【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.E20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肌肉记忆是一种你先前训练的肌肉在一段时间不用后，会获得力量的现象，它是你过去为学习一项运动付出的所有努力的回报，之前你锻炼得越多，你的肌肉记忆力就会储存得越多。【16题详解】上文“Peoplerefertoneverforgettinghowtorideabikeorthrowabaseballasexamplesof“musclememory”,theresultofamotorlearning.(人们把永远不会忘记如何骑自行车或投掷棒球作为“肌肉记忆”的例子，这是运动机能学习的结果)”指出人们用举例子的方法给“肌肉记忆”下定义，下文“Itisaphenomenonthatpreviouslytrainedmusclesacquirestrengthafteraperiodofdisuse.(这是一种现象，先前训练的肌肉在一段时间不用后，会获得力量。)”是“肌肉记忆”的定义，由此可知，空处引起下文，指出其他人对肌肉记忆的定义，B项“Physiologists,ontheotherhand,defineitinadifferentway.(另一方面，生理学家则用不同的方式来定义它。)”指出生物学家给“肌肉记忆”下了定义，其中“it”代指上文“musclememory”，故选B。【17题详解】上文“Onceyouhavegotadditionalnuclei,youarebankingthecapacity.(一旦你有了额外的原子核，你就是在储蓄能量。)”指出有了额外的原子核，你就是在储蓄能量，空处应该承接上文，指出我们应该如何做才能挖掘出自己的能量，A项“Thebestwaytotapintoitisto“getbackonthehorse”.(最好的方法就是“重新振作起来”。)”符合，同时顺承下文，下文“Infact,arecentstudyrevealedthatlessthaneightweeksofretrainingwereneededtoreachthepost-traininglevel.(事实上，最近的一项研究显示，要达到培训后的水平，只需要不到8周的再培训。)”描述了要通过在培训来挖掘自己的能量，故选A。【18题详解】上文“Buthowquicklyyouregainyourformerfitnessdependsonhowfityouwereinitially,howlongthelayoffwas.howoldyouareandhowlongyou’dbeenexercising.(但是你恢复健康的速度取决于你最初的健康状况，以及停止活动的时间。你多大了，锻炼了多长时间。)”提到一项研究指出要恢复到之前的水平，需要考虑最初的健康状况，以及停止活动的时间，你多大了，锻炼了多长时间几个方面，下文“Itmeansyoustillhaveadistinctadvantagewhenitcomestoregainingyourformerleveloffitness.(这意味当谈到恢复您以前的健康水平时，你仍然有一个明显的优势。)”指出你仍然有优势恢复到之前的水平，空出应该承上启下，G项“Allthisnewsaboutmusclememoryisencouragingforthosewhofelloffthefitnessscheme.(所有这些关于肌肉记忆的新闻对于那些脱离健身计划的人来说都是鼓舞人心的。)”符合，“Allthisnews”指上文提到的“你恢复健康的速度取决于你最初的健康状况，以及停止活动的时间。你多大了，锻炼了多长时间”，“felloffthefitnessscheme”和下文“yourformerleveloffitness”相呼应，故选G。【19题详解】上文“Thebestwaytoregainyourmusclememoryistostartatalevelbelowwhatyouwereaccustomedtodoing,andthengraduallyincreaseintermsofduration,frequency,thenintensity.(恢复肌肉记忆的最好方法是从一个低于你习惯做的水平开始，然后逐渐增加持续时间、频率和强度。)”指出恢复肌肉记忆的最好方法是从低于你习惯做的水平开始，然后逐渐增加持续时间、频率和强度这些要素，空处应该承接上文，继续谈论如何恢复肌肉记忆，E项“Itisgenerallysafetoincreasetheseelementsby5percenteveryweekortwo.(通常情况下，每周或每两周将这些要素增加5%是安全的。)”符合，其中“theseelements”代指上文“duration,frequency,thenintensity”，故选E。【20题详解】上文“Ultimately,musclememoryisapayoffforallthepastworkyouputintolearningasport.(归根结底，肌肉记忆是你过去为学习一项运动付出的所有努力的回报。)”指出肌肉记忆和你之前的付出的关系，肌肉记忆是你过去学习的回报，空处应该承接上文，F项“Itisevidentthatthemoreyouexercise,themoremusclememorysavingsyouwillhave.(很明显，你锻炼得越多，你的肌肉记忆力就会储存得越多。)”符合，继续解释肌肉记忆与你之前的锻炼的关系，故选F。三、完形填空【2023年4月湘豫名校联考高三下学期第二次模拟考试试题】OnChristmasof2017,Iwasbornagain.WeliketospendourChristmasholidayssomewherewarmabroad,andthatyearwe____21____Uganda.Nature,wildlife,andsunnydayswerea____22____whenitwasso____23____anddarkinEurope.Lifewasbeautiful,andwehadarentalcarandabusyscheduleaheadtoexplorethecountry.Thisiswherethisshorttravelstoryturnsintooneofmymost____24____travelexperiences.AtMurchinsonFallsNationalPark,wehadacaraccident.Ilost____25____ofthecar,anditrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassis(底盘),andtheengine.Butwewerealive!Myrightarmwas____26____injured,butwe____27____towalktoourlodge(旅馆),notfarinsidethe____28____.Inthelodge,Iwas____29____tolearnthattherewasaprettydecentAmericanhospitalinMasindithatwasjustaone-hourdriveaway.Moreover,oneofthelodge’sguestswasanursewho_____30_____thewoundwhilewewerewaitingforthetaxi.Thehospitaltookcareofusandafteracoupleofinjectionsandstitches(缝合),Iwas_____31_____toheadtoournewhotelinMasindi;however,mywoundrequireddaily_____32_____andmoreinjections,sowewere_____33_____tostayintownforafewdays.Thetown’shighlightswerethemarketandour_____34_____visittothehospital,sowe_____35_____lookingforthesmallthings,_____36_____withthemedicalstaffandthepeopleinthemarket,andlearningmoreabouttheircustoms.Welearnedtoslowdown.Whenwewereallowedto_____37_____,wetookaroadtripthroughthecountrytoseesomethingelse.Wedidnotcareaboutourtravelbucket_____38_____anymore-wewere_____39_____,andwewantedtoenjoyUganda’suniquenatureanditspeople.Intheend,ourUgandatripwasnotabouttheplacesthatwesaw,butthepeoplethatwemet.Itwastravelfor_____40_____VSsightseeing.21.A.recommended B.chose C.predicted D.informed22.A.blessing B.barrier C.limitation D.balance23.A.complicated B.mysterious C.crowded D.cold24.A.doubtful B.wonderful C.scary D.imaginary25.A.sense B.sight C.control D.direction26.A.severely B.permanently C.partly D.deliberately27.A.discovered B.failed C.continued D.managed28.A.spot B.accident C.country D.park29.A.curious B.happy C.shocked D.creative30.A.cleaned B.cured C.swept D.repaired31.A.fortunate B.grateful C.ready D.relieved32.A.operation B.dressing C.pressure D.recovery33.A.asked B.forbidden C.permitted D.taught34.A.occasional B.daily C.risky D.awful35.A.putoff B.carriedon C.insistedon D.endedup36.A.chatting B.arguing C.bargaining D.meeting37.A.exercise B.wander C.leave D.escape38.A.guide B.list C.approach D.memory39.A.awake B.sensitive C.allergic D.alive40.A.experiment B.explanation C.experience D.reflection【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.C26.A27.D28.D29.B30.A31.C32.B33.A34.B35.D36.A37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者一家人2017年圣诞节去乌干达旅游时遭遇车祸意外受伤住院的经历和感受。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们喜欢去国外暖和的地方过圣诞节，那一年我们选择去乌干达。A.recommended推荐；B.chose选择；C.predicted预测；D.informed通知。根据前文“WeliketospendourChristmasholidayssomewherewarmabroad”可知，乌干达是我们选择过圣诞节的地方。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相对于欧洲天气的寒冷和光线昏暗，这里的大自然、野生动物和明媚阳光都是美好的事。A.blessing祝福，幸事；B.barrier障碍；C.limitation限制；D.balance平衡。根据上文“Nature,wildlife,andsunnydays”可知，大自然、野生动物和明媚阳光都是美好的事。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相对于欧洲天气的寒冷和光线昏暗，这里的大自然、野生动物和明媚阳光都是美好的事。A.complicated复杂的；B.mysterious神秘的；C.crowded拥挤的；D.cold寒冷的。根据后文“anddarkinEurope”可知，圣诞节期间欧洲天气寒冷，光线昏暗。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就是在这个地方，这次短暂的旅行成为了我旅行经历中最可怕的遭遇之一。A.doubtful怀疑的；B.wonderful绝妙的；C.scary令人害怕的；D.imaginary想象的。根据后文“Myrightarmwas______injured”可知，我在乌干达旅游期间遇到车祸，右胳膊严重受伤，这是一段令人害怕的旅行经历。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：车辆失去控制，翻倒在地，毁掉了车窗、底盘和发动机。A.sense感觉；B.sight视野；C.control控制；D.direction方向。根据下文“itrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassisandtheengine”可知，车辆失去控制，翻车了。故选C项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的右胳膊受伤严重，但我们设法走回了旅馆，它在不远处的国家公园里面。A.severely严重地；B.permanently永久地；C.partly部分地；D.deliberately故意地。根据上文“itrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassis(底盘),andtheengine.”可知，我的右胳膊受伤严重。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的右胳膊受伤严重，但我们设法走回了旅馆，它在不远处的国家公园里面。A.discovered发现；B.failed失败；C.continued继续；D.managed设法做到。根据后文“towalktoourlodge”可知，我们设法回到了旅馆。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的右胳膊受伤严重，但我们设法走回了旅馆，它在不远处的国家公园里面。A.spot地点；B.accident事故；C.country国家；D.park公园。根据前文“AtMurchinsonFallsNationalPark,wehadacaraccident”可知，事故发生在该国家公园里，我们可以走回去可以推测我们住的地方离公园不远。故选D项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在旅馆，我得知大约一小时车程远的Masindi有一家很不错的医院后很开心。A.curious好奇的；B.happy快乐的；C.shocked震惊的；D.creative有创造性的。根据后文“therewasaprettydecentAmericanhospitalinMasindithatwasjustaone-hourdriveaway”可知，得知在不远的地方有一家不错的医院，我很开心。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，旅馆的宾客中有一位护士，在我们等出租车的时候，帮我清洁了伤口。A.cleaned清洁；B.cured治愈；C.swept打扫；D.repaired修理。根据前文“wasanurse”可知，旅馆的客人中有一位护士，帮我清洁了伤口。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院注射了几针并缝合伤口后，我准备前往Masindi的一家新旅馆。A.fortunate幸运的；B.grateful感激的；C.ready准备好的；D.relieved宽慰的。根据后文“headtoournewhotelinMasindi”可知，在医院经过治疗后，我准备前往新旅馆。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的伤口需要每天换包扎布和输液，我们被要求在小镇多住几天。A.operation操作；B.dressing保护伤口的敷料；C.pressure压力；D.recovery恢复。根据后文“moreinjections”可知，我的伤口需要每天换包扎布和输液。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的伤口需要每天换包扎布和输液，我们被要求在小镇多住几天。A.asked要求；B.forbidden禁止；C.permitted允许；D.taught教授。根据前文“mywoundrequireddaily____12____andmoreinjections”可知，由于我的伤口需要每天换包扎和输水，所以我们被要求在小镇多住几天。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在小镇上最主要的事情就是就是逛小镇，每天去医院换药，所以我们最后会找一些微不足道的事情做，和医护人员及市场上遇见的人们聊聊天，了解更多他们的风俗。A.occasional偶然的；B.daily日常的，每日的；C.risky冒险的；D.awful糟糕的。根据前文“mywoundrequireddaily___12____”可知，我的伤口需要每天去医院换药。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在小镇上最主要的事情就是就是逛小镇，每天去医院换药，所以我们最后会找一些微不足道的事情做，和医护人员及市场上遇见的人们聊聊天，了解更多他们的风俗。A.putoff推迟；B.carriedon继续；C.insistedon坚持；D.endedup最终。根据前文“Thetown’shighlightswerethemarketandour_______visittothehospital,so”可知，在小镇上除了逛市场和去医院外，没别的事情可做，所以我们最终会花费时间在小事上。故选D项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在小镇上最主要的事情就是就是逛小镇，每天去医院换药，所以我们最后会找一些微不足道的事情做，和医护人员及市场上遇见的人们聊聊天，了解更多他们的风俗。A.chatting聊天；B.arguing争论；C.bargaining讨价还价；D.meeting遇见。根据后文“withthemedicalstaffandthepeopleinthemarket”可知，我们会和每天见面的人闲聊。故选A项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们被允许离开的时候，我们开车穿越了这个国家去看别的风景。A.exercise锻炼；B.wander漫游；C.leave离开；D.escape逃跑。根据后文“wetookaroadtrip”可知，我们最终被允许离开了。故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不再关心我们的旅游愿望清单，我们还活着，我们想去体验乌干达独特的自然风景和当地的民风。A.guide指导；B.list清单；C.approach方法；D.memory记忆。根据前文“ourtravelbucket”可知，经历了这次事故后，我们不再关心旅游愿望清单还有多少没有实现。故选B项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不再关心我们的旅游愿望清单，我们还活着，我们想去体验乌干达独特的自然风景和当地的民风。A.awake醒着的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.allergic过敏的；D.alive活着的。根据前文“Butwewerealive!”可知，这里与上文照应，虽然旅游出车祸住院多天，很多愿望没有实现，但我们还活着。故选D项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是为了体验而旅行而不是观光。A.experiment实验；B.explanation解释；C.experience经历；D.reflection反思。根据前文“Intheend,ourUgandatripwasnotabouttheplacesthatwesaw,butthepeoplethatwemet”可知，我们乌干达之行不在于看了多少地方，而是见了多少人。最初是想看景点，但最终出车祸住院接触到形形色色的人们，收获了不一样的旅游体验。故选C项。四、语法填空（2023年新高考I卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,____36____(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____37____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),____38____toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe____39____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed____40____handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____41____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof____42____(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith____43____touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris____44____(rare)enough,