《商务英语写作第二版》课件Unit5Task4

BUSINESSCONTRACTUnit5Task4WhatisBusinessContractIninternationaltrade,thebusinesscontractnormallyreferstotheagreementconcludedbybothpartiesandenforceablebylaw.Bywhichtheymutuallypromisetosellorbuysomeparticularcommodity,transferoracquireacertainindustrialpropertyorknowhow,orrenderoracceptacertainservice.KindsofContractContractPurchaseContractSalesContractConfirmationPurchaseConfirmationSalesConfirmation1243Title

PreambleBody

EndofContractFormationofContractTitleThetitleshouldsimplystatethekindofagreementinvolved—whetherit’sasalescontract,apurchaseconfirmation,orsomeotherkindofagreement.PreambleThepreamblecontains:ContractNo.DateofcontractSigningplaceSigningpartiesRecitalsorWHEREASClauseBodyBasicTermsandConditionsQualityQuantityPricePackingShipmentPaymentInsuranceCommodityInspectionGeneralTermsandConditionsForceMajeureApplicablelawArbitrationClaimsAmendmentsOthersEndofContractThebusinesscontractisusuallyendedwithConcludingSentenceSignatureSealCaseStudiesASalesContractThesellersagreestosellandthebuyeragreestobuytheundermentionedgoodsonthetermsandconditionsstatedbelow.买卖双方同意按下列条款由卖方出售，买方购进下列货物。UsefulExpressionsandStructuresThesellersshallnotholdanyresponsibilityforpartialortotalnon-performanceofthiscontractduetoForceMajeure.Butthesellersshalladvisethebuyersontimeofsuchoccurrence.如因不可抗力造成本合同全部或部分不能履约，卖方概不负责。但卖方应将上述发生的情况及时通知买方。UsefulExpressionsandStructuresArbitration:AlldisputesinconnectionwiththisContractortheexecutionthereofshallbesettledbynegotiationbetweenthetwoparties.Ifnosettlementcanbereached,thecaseindisputeshallthenbesubmittedforarbitrationinthecountryofdefendantinaccordancewiththearbitrationregulationsofthearbitrationorganizationofthedefendantcountry.Thedecisionmadebythearbitrationorganizationshallbetakenasfinalandbindinguponbothparties.Thearbitrationexpensesshallbebornebythelosingpartyunlessotherwiseawardedbythearbitrationorganization.凡因执行本合同或与本合同有关事项所发生的一切争执，应由双方通过友好的方式协商解决。如果不能取得协议，则在被告国家根据被告仲裁机构的仲裁程序规则进行仲裁。仲裁决定是终局的，对双方具有同等约束力。仲裁费用除非仲裁机构另有决定外，均由败诉一方负担。UsefulExpressionsandStructuresThiscontractismadeoutinbothChineseandEnglishofwhichversionisequallyeffective.Conflictsbetweenthesetwolanguagesarisingtherefrom,ifany,shallbesubjecttotheChineseversion.本合同中、英两种文字具有同等法律效力，在文字解释上，若有异议，以中文解释为准。UsefulExpressionsandStructuresCaseStudiesASalesConfirmationUsefulExpressionsandStructuresTheundersignedsellersandbuyershaveagreedtoclosethefollowingtransactionsaccordingtothetermsandconditionsstipulatedbelow：买卖双方经协商同意按下列条款成交：UsefulExpressionsandStructuresThebuyershavetherighttohavethegoodsinspectedbythelocalcommodityinspectionauthorityafterthearrivalofthegoodsattheportofdestinationifthegoodsarefounddamaged/short/theirspecificationsandquantitiesnotincompliancewiththatspecifiedinthecontract,thebuyersshalllodgeclaimsagainstthesellersbasedontheInspectionCertificateissuedbytheCommodityInspectionAuthoritywithindaysafterthearrivalofthegoodsatthedestination.货物到达目的口岸后，买方可委托当地的商品检验机构对货物进行复检。如果发现货物有损坏、残缺或规格、数量与合同规定不符，买方须于货到目的口岸的天内凭检验机构出具的检验证明书向卖方索赔。UsefulExpressionsandStructuresTheclaims,ifanyregardingtothequalityofthegoods,shallbelodgedwithindaysafterthearrivalofthegoodsatthedestination,ifanyregardingtothequantitiesofthegoods,shallbelodgedwithindaysafterthearrivalofthegoodsatthedestination.ThesellersshallnottakeanyresponsibilityifanyclaimsconcerningtheshippinggoodsisuptotheresponsibilityofInsuranceCompany/TransportationCompany/PostOffice.如买方提出索赔，凡属品质异议须于货到目的口岸之日起天内提出；凡属数量异议须于货到目的口岸之日起天内提出。对货物所提任何异议应由保险公司、运输公司或邮递机构负责的，卖方不负任何责任。UsefulExpressionsandStructuresWillbegovernedbythelawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaunderthecircumstancesthatthecontractissignedorthegoodsarewhilethedisputesarisinginthePeople’sRepublicofChinaorthedefendantisalegalChineseperson,otherwiseitisgovernedbytheUnitedNationsConventiononContractfortheInternationalSaleofGoods.本合同之签订地，或发生争议时货物所在地在中华人民共和国境内或被诉人为中国法人的，适用中华人民共和国法律，除此规定外，适用《联合国国际货物销售公约》。UsefulExpressionsandStructuresThiscontractisin___copies,effectivesincebeingsigned/sealedbybothparties.本合同共____份，自双方代表签字（盖章）之日起生效。商务合同的语言特点例一在乙方的要求下，甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。AttherequestofPartyB,PartyAagreestosendtechnicianstoassistPartyBtoinstalltheequipment.例二在加工贸易中，生产方对原材料和产成品都没有所有权。Inprocessingtransactions,themanufacturesneverhavetitleeithertothematerialsorthefinishedproducts.例一句中用的是assist而不是我们平时常用的help，表达上更为正式；例二句中“所有权”的表达用了title这一法律用语，而不是我们常用的ownership。合同语言和日常用语不同，每个专业术语都表示特定的法律概念。在使用时不可替代。使用正式的法律用语英语商务合同倾向于使用较为复杂的介词或介词短语代替常见的简单介词与连词，突出商务合同的正式与严谨，例如inaccordancewith,unlessotherwise,priorto,withregardto等。Theparticipantsinthejointventureshallcommencediscussionwithregardtotheextensionoftheperiodofexistenceoftheventure.就合资企业存续时限的延续问题，各方应进行讨论。商务合同的语言特点使用多个介词或者介词短语商务合同中权力义务的约定部分构成了合同的主题，对当事人双方都具有约束力。合同中经常使用的shall，must，may，maynot等情态动词在合同中具有特殊含义。这几个词如选用不当可能因此纠纷。shall：应该，必须（出现频率最高，表达当事人应该承担的义务）must：必须做什么（用于强调性义务，语气强调）may：可以做什么（对权力权限或特权作选择性约定）maynot：不得做什么（相当于shallnot，用于禁止性义务）商务合同的语言特点大量使用情态动词商务合同中同义词（近义词）并列现象十分普遍，这体现商务合同用词的严谨性、准确性和完整性的特点，因为并列词语之间通常意义交叉，可以在内容上互相补充，从而词义更具有唯一性，而不产生歧义。例如：Theselleragreestosellandthebuyeragreestopurchasetheundermentionedcommodityaccordingtothetermsandconditionsstipulatedbelow.买卖双方同意按照下列条款买卖以下货物。商务合同的语言特点使用并列词语anyandall全部customsandusages惯例nullandvoid无效costsandexpenses