安徽省六安市舒城晓天中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

舒城晓天中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语一、听力-选择题（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）第一节（共5小题）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WheremightMrBrowngo?A.Toatheatre. B.Toabookshop. C.Toalibrary.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,thisisDoctorWhite.MayIspeaktoMrBrown?W:I’msorry,DoctorWhite.MrBrownhasgonetobuysomedictionaries.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmanylessonswillthemanhavetoreviewattheweekend?A.3. B.12. C.15.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:ProfessorClarksaidthatthemidtermexamwouldcoverthefirstfifteenlessons.M:Really?Ithoughtitwouldonlyincludethefirsttwelvelessons.ThenImustspendtheweekendgoingovertherestofthelessons.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inashop. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inasupermarket.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Areyoureadytoorder?W:Iseethespecialofthedayisthefish.Howisitcooked?M:It’sfriedinalittleoilwithalemonandanonion.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Takingaclasstogether.B.Gettingenoughcourses.C.Signingupforaclub.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Areyougoingtosignupforoneofthetechnologyclasses?M:Iguesswehavetoifwewanttogetenoughcoursesandcredits.W:Taketheoneat2:30withme.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Haveacupofcoffee. B.Getupearly. C.Gobackhome.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Let’sdropinhereforacupofcoffeeorsomething.W:Iwillhaveanimportantmeetingtomorrowandgetupearly.M:OK.Let’sgobacktoyourplace.第二节（共15小题）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhydoesthemanplantogotoAustralia?A.Becausehewantstostudythere.B.Becausehewantstodobusiness.C.Becausehewantstohaveaholiday.7.Whatshouldthemando?A.Answersomequestions. B.Fillinaform. C.Haveatest.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning!I’mcomingtoapplyforanentryvisa.Here’smypassport,andtherearethepapers.W:Sitdown,please.WhatdoyouwanttogotoAustraliafor?M:I’mgoingthereforfurtherstudy.Thisistheletterofacceptancefromtheuniversity.Andthisoneismyletterofapplication.W:Butyoustillhavetofillinanapplicationform.Hereyouare!Youcantakeithometofillout,ifyoulike.M:Thankyou.HowlongdoIhavetowaitforthevisa?W:We’llsendyoupapers,butitusuallytakesmonthsforyoutogetareply.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthemandoing?A.Chairingameeting.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Conductingajobinterview.9.WhatbenefitsMarymostinherjob?A.Herwidereading.B.Herleaders’guidance.C.Herfriends’help.10.WhowillMarytalkaboutnext?A.Herteacher. B.Herfather. C.Hermother.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】M:Dearlisteners,fortoday’sshow,Ihavewithmemycolleague,MaryLaney.ShehasbeenaradioTVreporterformanyyears.Mary,welcometoourshow.W:It’sapleasuretobehere.M:Wouldyoupleasetellourlistenerswhomostinfluencedyourdecisiontobecomeareporter?W:Bothmyparentshadagreatinfluenceuponmychoiceofwork.Insteadoftryingtopickoutajobforme,theyhelpedmelearnthosethingsthatledmetoit.M:Howdidtheydothat?W:MyfatheralwaystoldmethataneducationwasoneofthegreatestadvantagesIcouldhave,onethatwouldalwaysstaywithme.Heusedtotellmethatreaderswereleaders,andencouragedmetoreadallIcould.Asaresult,I’vealwayskeptupwiththenewspapers,faithfullyreadnewsmagazinesandlearnedtoreallyenjoybooks,allofwhichhavebeenaninvaluablehelptomeinradioandtelevisionreporting.M:Whataboutyourmother?W:Well,mymotherhelpedmeinamuchdifferentway.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Howdoesthemanbookhisticket?A.OntheInternet. B.Throughafriend. C.Onthephone.12.Whichcityisthemanleavingfor?A.Houston. B.Chicago. C.NewYork.13.Whenisthemanreturning?A.OnMay5. B.OnMay2. C.OnMay6.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】W:FrontierAirlines.HowmayIhelpyou?M:I’mcallingtomakeareservationforthesecondofMay.W:Yessir.Couldyougivemethecityyou’releavingfromandyourdestination,please?M:I’llbedepartingfromHouston,Texas,andflyingtoChicago,Illinois.W:Andwhendoyouwanttoreturn?M:Uh,Iwanttocomebackonthefifth.Oh,andma’am,I’dlikethecheapestflightyouhave.W:Yes,sir.Well,ifyouleaveat6amfromHoustononMaysecond,thepricefortheflightis$150.M:AndwhataboutfromChicagoonthefifth?W:That’salso$150ifyouleaveat6am.M:Great,let’sdothat.Andwouldyouhaveanyinformationaboutplacestostay?I’mgoingtoanimportantmeetingintheMichiganAvenuearea.W:Yes,sir.Butfirst,mayIhaveyourname?听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Wherearethetwospeakersnow?A.InParis. B.InNewYork. C.InBeijing.15.Whatisthewomandoinginthecity?A.Sheisvisitingherhusband.B.Sheissightseeing.C.Sheisworkingthere.16.Howlonghavethetwospeakersbeenoutoftouch?A.Forthreemonths. B.Foroneyear. C.Fortwoyears.17.Whatwillthemandoafteroneyear?AGoonworkinginBeijing.B.GobacktoNewYork.C.Travelwithhisparents.【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.B【解析】【原文】M:Alice,whatasurprisetorunintoyouhere!WhendidyoucometoParis?W:Threemonthsago.M:What?Ithoughtyouwerejustsightseeinghere.Soyou’reworkingherenow.W:That’sright.NowI’mteachingEnglishinamiddleschool.M:Whydidyouwanttofindateachingjobhere?W:Well,myhusbandMarkdidn’twanttoliveinNewYork.HewantedtomovetoParis,soIcamewithhim.M:What?Whendidyougetmarried?W:Lastyear.M:Congratulations!We’vebeenoutoftouchfortwoyears.Manythingshavehappenedinthepasttwoyears.W:That’sright.Soareyouworkinghere?M:No.I’mjusttravellingherewithmyparents.IstillworkinBeijing.W:Doyouwanttosettledownthere?M:No.Myparentsdon’twanttoleaveAmerica.I’llworkthereforonemoreyear.ThenI’llgobacktoNewYork.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatdidthescientistsdototheroad?A.Theyrepairedit. B.Theypaintedit. C.Theyblockedit.19.Whyareyoungbirdsdrawntotheroadsurface?A.It’swarm. B.It’sbrown. C.It’ssmooth.20.Whatisthepurposeofthescientists’experiment?A.Tokeepthebirdsthereforawholeyear.B.Tohelpstudentsstudythebirdswell.C.Topreventthebirdsfrombeingkilled.【答案】18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】Hereisapieceofnewsforbirdlovers.Scientistshavepaintedalongroad,red,yellow,andwhite.Theyhopetodiscouragetheseabirdsfromwanderingontothehighway.“Theareaishometolargecrowdsofbirdsthatcometostayfortheseason.Youngbirdsareoftenattractedtothewarmroadsurfaceandgetkilledbythetraffic,”biologystudentHannahtellsthebroadcaster.Theyoungsters’feathersarebrownincolor.Thedark­coloredroadsurfacemakestheyoungstershardtobenoticed.Asthenumberoftouristshasgrown,sohastheamountoftrafficontheroads.BiologistKristinsaystheplanistoseehowthebirdsrespondtothemulti­coloredroadthissummer.Andifitworks,theideacouldspreadtootherpartsofthecountry.二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题,共37.5分）AYourcreativityandideascanhelpotherteachers.Submityourartlessonplanoractivitytoday.Don’tforgettoincludeadditionalresourcedocumentsoraphoto.WetChalkPaintingGrades:K-4thLessonPlanObjectives:Developmentoffinemotorskills(协调性)andcreativelyexpressingthechild’sideasandthoughtsbyanewmedium.MaterialsNeeded:Coloredchalk,water,drawingpaper,sponge,andnewspapers.LessonProcedure:Dipthecoloredchalkintowateranddrawonthepaper.Anotherwayistoputthedrawingpaperonnewspapers,dampenitwithawetsponge,andthendraw.Submittedby:JackSidewalkDrawingGrades:K-5thLessonPlanObjectives:Developmentofthecreativeprocessbydoingartisticdrawingsinanewwayanddevelopmentoffineandgrossmotorskills(全身协调性).MaterialsNeeded:Sidewalkoroutdoorchalkandlotsofsidewalk.LessonProcedure:Givethechildrenthechalkandletthemdrawwhatevertheychooseonthesidewalk.Youmayalsoconsiderusingthisinteachingsomeotherlessons(i.e.science).Submittedby:PeterRose-ColoredLorgnetteGrades:AnyMaterialsNeeded:Halfaneggcarton(包装盒),scissors,glue,coloredpaper,scotchtape(通明胶带)andaseveninchstick.LessonPlanObjectives:Childwillconstructanobjectthatallowsthemtoviewtheworldinavarietyofcolorsandwilllearnwhycertainobjectsintheircoloredenvironmentlookthewaytheydowhencertaincolorsaremixed.LessonPlanProcedure:Cutwindowsinthebumpsofhalfaneggcarton.Gluecirclesofcoloredcellophaneoverthewindowswithrubbercement.Tapeonastickforaholder.Submittedby:Jennifer21.WhichartlessonplanispresentedbyJennifer?A.WetChalkPainting. B.SidewalkDrawing.C.Rose-ColoredLorgnette. D.RainbowFan.22.WhatcommonmaterialdoesWetChalkPaintingandSidewalkDrawingrequire?A.Scissors. B.Chalk. C.Stick. D.Sponge.23.Rose-ColoredLorgnetteisaimedat___.A.encouragingthechildtopaintatwill B.developingthechild’smotorskillsC.expressingthechild’sideasandthoughts D.betteringthechild’sunderstandingofcolors【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【分析】这是一则广告。文章主要介绍了三种美术课程的信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Rose-ColoredLorgnetteGrades:Any部分中Submittedby:Jennifer(由Jennifer提出)可知，Rose-ColoredLorgnette是由Jennifer提出的。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据WetChalkPaintingGrades:K-4th部分中MaterialsNeeded:Coloredchalk,water,drawingpaper,sponge,andnewspapers.(所需材料:彩色粉笔、水、图画纸、海绵和报纸)以及SidewalkDrawingGrades:K-5th部分中MaterialsNeeded:Sidewalkoroutdoorchalkandlotsofsidewalk.(所需材料:人行道或户外粉笔和大量人行道)可知湿粉笔画和人行道画需要粉笔。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Rose-ColoredLorgnetteGrades:Any部分中LessonPlanObjectives:Childwillconstructanobjectthatallowsthemtoviewtheworldinavarietyofcolorsandwilllearnwhycertainobjectsintheircoloredenvironmentlookthewaytheydowhencertaincolorsaremixed.(课程目标：让孩子建构一个物体，让他们以不同的颜色来观察世界，并让他们了解为什么某些物体在有颜色的环境中会呈现出不同的颜色)可知，Rose-ColoredLorgnette旨在提高孩子对颜色的理解。故选D。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。如第一小题一一对应型。根据Rose-ColoredLorgnetteGrades:Any部分中Submittedby:Jennifer(由Jennifer提出)可知，Rose-ColoredLorgnette是由Jennifer提出的。故选C。BForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’snervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow,butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”24.WhatmadeChrisnervous?A.Tellingastory. B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest. D.Answeringaquestion.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses. B.Badmanners. C.Spellingmistakes. D.Sillyjokes.26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’loveforpolitics27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous. B.Ambitious. C.Caring. D.Demanding.【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.C【解析】【导语】本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了纽约一所小学二年级的老师树立信心，看到自己的优点，发起一项总统竞选演讲活动。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“todayisspeechday(今天是演讲日)”和“Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.(他有着明亮的黑眼睛，似乎是那种喜欢公开演讲的孩子。)”以及第二段第一句“Buthe’snervous.(但是他很紧张。)”可知，Chris是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段““I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.(“我今天在这里告诉你为什么你应该……应该……”克里斯说到了“-ld”，这是许多非英语母语人士的发音困难。)”可知，他发ld困难，故推知是他有些结巴，停顿不准确，stumbles的意思是“不适当的停顿”，即Improperpauses，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.(威利说，这个项目不仅仅是学习在公众面前阅读和说话。他想让这些孩子学会自我吹嘘。)”以及最后一段““Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”(“吹嘘自己和自己最好的品质，”威利说，“对于一个走进教室却不自信的孩子来说是非常困难的。”)”可知，Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势，培养自信，故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.(威利的这个二年级总统竞选项目的灵感来自于他有一天让孩子们举起手，如果他们认为自己永远不会成为总统。)”和“Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.(他想让这些孩子学会自我吹嘘。)”可知，这位老师很关心学生的成长。故选C。CMuchofthepublicdebatearoundearlychildhoodeducationcomesdowntowhichmattersmore：academicsorplay.That'safalsedilemma.Playisreallythewaythatyoungchildrenlearnandguidedplayisthekey.It'sawaythattheyexperiencetheworld,andithelpsthemlearnmoredeeply.Weshouldbeconcernedthatthe“skillanddrill”approachtoteachingacademicsismostfrequentlyusedinclassroomsservingat-riskpreschoolers,inanattempttoclosethegaponschoolreadiness.Unfortunately,theseteachingmethodscanturnyoungkidsofftoschoolandintroducesthepossibilityofshameandanxiety.46Skillanddrill”doesn'tteachkidsthecuriosityandcritical(批判的）thinkingskillsthattheyneedtodevelopinearlychildhood.However,purefreeplay—anapproachadvocatedmorefrequentlybywealthiergroups—alsomissesthemark.“Ihearalotaboutjust‘freeplayclassrooms’.”ButSuzanneBouffard,aneducationresearcher,saidifitonlyinvolvessettingoutmaterialsandnotthinkingaboutlearninggoals,there’sarealmissedopportunity.Forexample,shesaid,researchershavefoundthatchildrenusedmorecomplexlanguageaboutbuildingactivitieswhentheyhadagoalinmind.Whateffectivepreschoolsaimforis“guidedplay”，inwhichadultscreateapurposefulplayenvironmentthatencouragesstudentstoexplore，Forexample,insettingupblocks,ateachermightputuppicturesofbuildingstoinspirekids.Theymayaskstudents,“Whatareyoudoing?”andgentlypushkids’thinkingbyofferingnewinformation.Ofcourse,theabilitytofindthisbalancerestswithteachers.Goodteachersmakeitlookreallyeasy，That'swhyit'sreallyimportantthatweinvest(投入）inteachersandgivethemthetrainingtoguideplaywithoutoverlycontrollingitandtoencouragekidstodevelopanunderstandingoflettersandnumberswithout“skillanddrill”.28.Whichofthefollowingmattersmostinearlychildhoodeducation?A.Havingguidedplay. B.Learningafterplay.C.Seeingtheworld. D.Studyingacademiccourses.29.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“skillanddrill”approach?A.Itworksbestforpreschoolers.B.Ithelpsdevelopkids’curiosity.C.Itlimitskids’development.D.Itbridgesthegaponschoolreadiness.30.Whichoffollowingbestexplains“missesthemark”underlinedinParagraph3?A.Meetslearninggoals. B.Losespointsinexams.C.Troublestheclassroom. D.Failstoachievethegoal.31.Whydoesateacherputuppicturesofbuildings?A.Toencouragethekidstocopy.B.Toofferextrainformation.C.Tosharetheteachingpurposewiththekids.D.Toinspirethekidstoexplore.【答案】28.A29.C30.D31.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了有引导的玩耍对幼儿教育是最重要的。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“guidedplayisthekey.”可知，有引导的玩耍对幼儿教育最重要，故A项正确。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Skillanddrill”doesn'tteachkidsthecuriosityandcriticalthinkingskillsthattheyneedtodevelopinearlychildhood.”可知，“技能和训练”并不能教会孩子们在童年早期需要培养的好奇心和批判性思维能力，也就是说“技能和训练”方法会限制孩子的发展，故C项正确。【30题详解】词义猜测题。上一段说“技能和训练”并不能教会孩子们在童年早期需要培养的好奇心和批判性思维能力，不会促进孩子的学习，画线词前的also表明此处和前面的情况一样，即：纯粹的自由玩耍也不会促进孩子的学习，由此可知画线部分的意思是“未能达到（促进学习的）目标”，故D项正确。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“inwhichadultscreateapurposefulplayenvironmentthatencouragesstudentstoexplore，Forexample,insettingupblocks,ateachermightputuppicturesofbuildingstoinspirekids”可知，老师张贴建筑物的图片是要启发孩子去探索，故D项正确。【点睛】本篇第3题词义猜测题的难度较大，对上一段“技能和训练”的弊端的理解是关键，上一段说“技能和训练”并不能教会孩子们在童年早期需要培养的好奇心和批判性思维能力，甚至还会让孩子产生厌学情绪，这种方法不会促进孩子的学习，画线词前的also表明此处和前面的情况一样，即：纯粹的自由玩耍也不会促进孩子的学习，由此可知画线部分的意思是“未能达到（促进学习的）目标”。DLearningNewVocabularyDuringDeepSleepSleepingtimeissometimesconsideredunproductivetime.Thisraisesthequestionwhetherthetimespentduringsleepingcouldbeusedmoreproductively,e.g.forlearninganewlanguage?Sleepresearchtodatefocusedonthestabilizationandstrengtheningofmemoriesthathadbeenformedduringpreviouswakefulness.However,learningduringsleephasrarelybeenexamined.Thereisconsiderableevidenceforwake-learnedinformationundergoingrevisionbyareplayinthesleepingbrain.Thereplayduringsleepstrengthensthestillweakmemorytracesandembeds(嵌入)thenewlyacquiredinformationinthepreexistingstoreofknowledge.Ifthereplayduringsleepimprovesthestorageofwake-learnedinformation,thenfirst-play,i.e.theinitialprocessingofnewinformation,shouldalsobepossibleduringsleep.TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexaminedwhetherasleepingpersonisabletoformnewsemanticassociationsbetweenplayedforeignwordsandtranslationwordsduringthebraincells’activestates,theso-called“Up-states”.Itturnedouttobethatwhattheythoughtwasreasonable.Whenwereachdeepsleepstages,ourbraincellsprogressivelycoordinatetheiractivity.Duringdeepsleep,thebraincellsarecommonlyactiveforabriefperiodoftimebeforetheyjointlyenterintoastateofbriefinactivity.Theactivestateiscalled“Up-state”andtheinactivestate“Down-state”.Thetwostatesalternate(交替)abouteveryhalf-second.Newevidenceforsleep-learningchallengescurrenttheoriesofsleepandtheoriesofmemory.Theconceptofsleepasanencapsulated(被概括的)mentalstate,inwhichweareseparatedfromthephysicalenvironmentisnolongerreasonable.“Wecoulddisprovethatcomplexlearningbeimpossibleduringdeepsleep,”saysSimonRuch,co-first-author.“Inhowfarandwithwhatconsequencesdeepsleepcanbeappliedtotheacquisitionofnewinformationwillbeatopicofresearchinupcomingyears,”saysKatharinaHenke.TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeispartoftheInterfacultyResearchCooperation(IRC).Thirteenresearchgroupsinmedicine,biology,psychologyandinformationsciencearepartoftheIRC.Theaimoftheseresearchgroupsistogainabetterunderstandingofthemechanismsinvolvedinsleep,consciousnessandcognition.32.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.“Up-state”and“Down-state”appearinturnduringdeepsleep.B.“Up-states”isanothernameforthebraincells’activestates.C.Semanticassociationsareimportantforlanguagelearning.D.Thebraincells’activestatesarecentralforsleep-learning.33.Whatwillresearchersdowithinseveralyearsaccordingtothepassage?A.Makestudyinthefollowingfieldssuchasmedicineandbiology.B.Separateusfromthephysicalenvironment.C.Applydeepsleeptoinformationlearning.D.Discovertheconceptofsleep.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroduceanewwayofvocabularylearning.B.Togainabetterunderstandingofthemechanisms.C.Tochallengecurrenttheoriesofsleepandtheoriesofmemory.D.Toexplainthepossibilityofvocabularylearningduringdeepsleep.35.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Anovel. B.Aguidebook. C.Ascientificresearchwebsite. D.Adiary.【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项研究论证了在深度睡眠中学习新词汇的可能性。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexaminedwhetherasleepingpersonisabletoformnewsemanticassociationsbetweenplayedforeignwordsandtranslationwordsduringthebraincells’activestates,theso-called“Up-states”.Itturnedouttobethatwhattheythoughtwasreasonable.(卡塔琳娜·亨克的研究小组研究了一个睡觉的人在脑细胞活跃状态下，即所谓的“向上状态”，是否能够在外来词和翻译词之间形成新的语义联系。事实证明，他们认为的事情是合理的)”可推知，脑细胞的活跃状态是睡眠学习的核心。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Inhowfarandwithwhatconsequencesdeepsleepcanbeappliedtotheacquisitionofnewinformationwillbeatopicofresearchinupcomingyears(深度睡眠在获取新信息方面的应用程度和影响将是未来几年的研究主题)”可知，研究人员将在几年内将深度睡眠应用于信息学习。故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Thisraisesthequestionwhetherthetimespentduringsleepingcouldbeusedmoreproductively,e.g.forlearninganewlanguage?(这就提出了一个问题:睡眠时间是否可以被更有效地利用，比如用于学习一门新语言？)”提出是否可以更有效地利用睡眠时间，例如用于学习一种新语言？第二段回答该问题。第三段通过研究证明了第二段的猜想。最后两段进行了补充说明。可推知，解释深度睡眠中词汇学习的可能性。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Sleepresearchtodatefocusedonthestabilizationandstrengtheningofmemoriesthathadbeenformedduringpreviouswakefulness.However,learningduringsleephasrarelybeenexamined.(迄今为止的睡眠研究主要集中在稳定和加强之前清醒时形成的记忆。然而，睡眠中的学习很少被研究过)”；第三段“TheresearchgroupofKatharinaHenkeexaminedwhetherasleepingpersonisabletoformnewsemanticassociationsbetweenplayedforeignwordsandtranslationwordsduringthebraincells’activestates,theso-called“Up-states”.(卡塔琳娜·亨克的研究小组研究了一个睡觉的人在脑细胞活跃状态下，即所谓的“向上状态”，是否能够在外来词和翻译词之间形成新的语义联系)”结合文章主旨是在深度睡眠中学习新词汇方面的科学研究，可以推断出，本文可能出自一个科研网站，故选C。三、阅读七选五（本大题共1小题,共12.5分）HowtoBuildaStudent’sSelf­confidenceEducatingstudentsmeansmorethangivingthemacademicknowledge.Simplyknowingacorrectresponsedoesn’tgiveastudenttheconfidencetoraisehishandtoansweraquestion.Studentsperformbestinconstructivelearningenvironments.___36___Provideleadershipopportunitiesforstudents.Cultivate(培养)importantcharacteristics,includingresponsibilityandindependencebyassigningstudentstotakedifferentclassroomroles.Suitablejobsincludehallmonitors,audiovisualassistantsandclassroomhelpers.___37___Setachievablegoalsforeachstudent.___38___Talkwiththemaboutyourexpectationsandtheirindividualprogress.Rewardstudentsformeetingchallenges,whilepersuadingstrugglingstudentsbackontrack.Giveconstructivefeedbacktohelpreduceweaknessesandstrengthenstrengths.Teachstudentsthatself­confidenceisn’tbuiltfrompraise.Remainhonestwitheachstudenttoencouragethemtospeakouttheirproblems,insteadofavoidingordenyingtheirexistence.Makecorrectionswithoutdamagingyourstudents’confidence.Encouragestudentstosethighstandardsforthem­selves.___39___Reinforce(强化)thismessagewithexamplesandliterature.___40___Realizethatconqueringdifficulttasksbuildsmentaltoughnessandcultivatespersistence.Relaythismessagetoyourstudentsbyaskingeachonetowriteagoalthatfocusesonimprovingaweakarea.Helpyourstudentsdeveloprelevantattackplans.A.Pushstudentstoimprovetheirweaknesses.B.Self­confidencegamescanhelpstudentsofallages.C.Tellyourstudentsthattheyareabletoachievegreatachievements.D.Theyareuselessinhelpingstudentssucceedinthefuture.E.Youcanreducetheirdoubtswithvariousactivitiesthatbuildconfidence.F.Masteringsomedutiescanhelpbuildconfidenceanderasethefearoftryingnewexperiences.G.Realizethatovercomingself­doubttoachieveobjectivescanhelpbuildstudents’confidence.【答案】36.E37.F38.G39.C40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们一些如何培养学生自信的建议。教育学生并非只是传授学生学术知识，培养自信对于学生的学业成功来说非常重要。【36题详解】根据上文“Educatingstudentsmeansmorethangivingthemacademicknowledge.Simplyknowingacorrectresponsedoesn’tgiveastudenttheconfidencetoraisehishandtoansweraquestion.Studentsperformbestinconstructivelearningenvironments.(教育学生不仅仅意味着给他们学术知识。仅仅知道正确的答案并不能给学生举手回答问题的信心。学生在建设性的学习环境中表现最好)”提到了信心无法从正确答案中建立，以及下文列举了一系列老师可以采取的培养学生自信心的措施，故E项“你可以采用各种各样的活动培养学生的自信心，以减少他们对自己的怀疑”符合语境。故选E。【37题详解】根据上文“Provideleadershipopportunitiesforstudents.Cultivate(培养)importantcharacteristics,includingresponsibilityandindependencebyassigningstudentstotakedifferentclassroomroles.Suitablejobsincludehallmonitors,audiovisualassistantsandclassroomhelpers.(为学生提供领导机会。通过分配学生在课堂上扮演不同的角色，培养他们的重要性格，包括责任感和独立性。合适的工作包括大厅管理员、视听助理和课堂助手)”可知，本段论述了给学生提供展示领导能力的机会，如让学生担任不同的课堂角色或者安排不同的任务以培养其责任感，故F项“承担一些职责有助于培养学生的自信心，消除学生对尝试新体验的恐惧”符合语境。故选F。【38题详解】本段的主题句“Setachievablegoalsforeachstudent.(为每个学生设定可实现的目标)”提到为每一个学生设立可实现的目标，设空后“Talkwiththemaboutyourexpectationsandtheirindividualprogress.Rewardstudentsformeetingchallenges,whilepersuadingstrugglingstudentsbackontrack.(和他们谈谈你的期望和他们的个人进步。奖励迎接挑战的学生，同时说服苦苦挣扎的学生回到正轨)”提到你对他们的期待和他们的个人进步，可知本句是在说明通过可实现目标来增强学生的信心。故G项“认识到克服自我怀疑以实现目标有助于增强学生的自信心”符合语境。故选G。【39题详解】设空前“Encouragestudentstosethighstandardsforthem­selves.(鼓励学生为自己设定高标准)”提到鼓励学生设置高标准，其中的“encourage”与C项中的“abletoachievegreatachievements”相呼应，故C项“告诉学生他们可以取得重大的成就”符合语境。故选C。【40题详解】设空处为本段的中心句，根据本段内容“Realizethatconqueringdifficulttasksbuildsmentaltoughnessandcultivatespersistence.Relaythismessagetoyourstudentsbyaskingeachonetowriteagoalthatfocusesonimprovingaweakarea.(要意识到征服困难的任务能培养坚韧的精神和坚持不懈的精神。把这个信息传递给你的学生，让他们每个人都写一个目标，专注于改善一个薄弱的领域。)”可知本段主要论述了通过改善自身的弱点可以培养意志力，故A项“鼓励学生改善自身弱点”符合语境。故选A。四、完形填空（共15题：每题1分,满分15分）AColoradopairbringsnewmeaningtotheword“determination”.Whenonecouldn’twalkandtheothercouldn’tsee,they___41___uptosharetheirlove