高中英语课件Section Ⅱ　Using language（练习含解析）

2/2SectionⅡUsinglanguage维度一：基础题型练根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的适当形式1.Sisanelectricrailwaywhichrunsbelowthesurfaceoftheground.2.Thebuildingbeingbuiltisservedforstudents’a.3.Originally，Icouldn’tadapttothistoffood，butIgraduallyfellinlovewithit.4.Tobeonthesafeside，weshouldfillupthetanknow，becausewemightrunoutof（汽油）ontheway.5.FormorebrochuresaboutotherpackagetoursaroundPeru，（联系）usattourinfo@.6.Whenyouopenadictionary，youoftencomeacrossalotof（不熟悉的）words.7.Youngdriversarefarmore（可能的）tohaveaccidentsthanolddrivers.8.“Smart”canmean“intelligent”or“sarcastic”，dependingonthe（上下文）.维度二：语法与写作选词填空English-speaking，poorly-paid，absent-minded，passer-by，face-to-face，ill-treated，peace-loving，notebook，ready-made，long-distance1.Meanwhile，I’manactivememberofmyschool’srunningteamandvolunteeringclub.2.Thoughitisajob，hestilldevotesmuchtimeandenergytoit.3.Theglasswindowfelldownallofasuddenwithoutwarning，andfivewereinjured.4.HisspokenEnglishisverygood，becauseheisfromAustralia，ancountry.5.Theworkerstookupstrugglesforequalhumanrights.6.Theyagreedtohaveatalknextweek.7.Thefatmancanhardlyfindanyclothesthatfithimwell.8.WeChinesearepeopleandwe’llneverdeclarewaronothers.9.Theprofessorisalwayslosinghisglasseswhenwearingthem.10.WhenIusemydictionary，IwritedownallthenewwordsIlearninthislittle.维度三：语法与语篇阅读下面短文，分析并写出加黑单词的构词法。Last1.weekend，Iwastravelinghomefrombusiness.Itwastoolate，soIdecidedtogotoahotelnearthebusstop.Attheentrancetothehotel，Imetamanwhowas2.disabled，andImadeupmymindtoofferhimsomehelp.Hespoketomeandexplainedhispastlifewhenhewas3.healthy.Hehadworkedinacarfactoryforfiveyears.Thenanaccidentlefthimdisabled.WhilelisteningtohisstoryIrealizedthathehad4.experiencedalotinhislife.Itoldhimthatalthoughhewas5.physicallydisabled，hisheartwasstrong，andhecouldalwaysdependonit.Iofferedhimsomemoneytobuyfoodand6.drinksandthenhewenthome.Ihavelearntthatifyousayafewgoodwordsandofferalittlehelptoothers，itwillnotonlybring7.happinesstoyou，butitwillalsobeinpeople’sheartsforever.1.2.3.4. 5.6.7.Ⅰ.阅读理解AYear-12studentNoahLittlehasalreadysathisfirstChinese-speakingexamandsaiditwas“theeasiestexamI’veeverdone”.ThatviewisnotsurprisinggiventheWaggaHighSchoolstudentloveslanguage—somuchsohehasbuiltaChinesetranslationapp.Noahsaidhisloveoflanguagewasencouragedbyhiscommunity.“Waggaisaplacefullofpeoplefromdifferentcultures，andsometimeswhenImeetnewpeoplewhohavetroublespeakingEnglish，Iliketotalktothemintheirownlanguage，”hesaid.“IalsohaveafewChinesefriendssoIthinkitwillbecooltotalktothemintheirlanguage.”The17-year-oldstartedteachinghimselfChinesearoundfiveyearsago，beforetakingdistanceeducationclassesatthestartofYear11.Hislanguageabilitywasalsousefulinhispart-timejobatalocalChineserestaurant，wherehetranslatedordersforthecooksandcustomers.Noahsaidhealsohadabasicknowledgeofsevenotherlanguages.ItwaswhileteachinghimselflanguagesthatNoahgottheideaofthetranslationtool.“Idecidedtomakemyownappbecausethereweren’tmanyaround—alltheotherappswerefullofadvertisementsandthetranslationfeature（功能）wasn’tpowerfulenough，”hesaid.Hisappalsoincludesawordofthedayfeature，lessonsonhowtowriteChinesecharacters（汉字）andanewsfeedofimportantChinesenews.Hesaidlearningcomputerprogrammingtobuildtheapphadbeenlikestudyinganotherlanguage.Withtheendofschoolaroundthecorner，Noahsaidhewouldliketopursue（追求）bothhisinterestsincomputerprogrammingandlanguages.“I’mplanningtoworkforayearandsavesoIcangoontouniversityasIreallywanttomakeacareer（事业）outofoneofthesetwotopics.”1.WhatdoweknowaboutNoah？A.HebegantolearnChineseat11.B.HefailedhisfirstChineseexam.C.HelikesteachingChinesetopeople.D.HegetsalotfromlearningChinese.2.WhatareincludedinNoah’sapp？A.Advertisements.B.Piecesofworldnews.C.Suggestionsformemorizingwords.D.WaysofwritingChinesecharacters.3.WhathasNoahdecidedtodoshortlyafterhighschoolgraduation？A.Lookforajob. B.Attenduniversity.C.Developanewapp. D.Learnmorelanguages.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeNoah？A.Curiousandcreative. B.Humorousandhonest.C.Courageousandcaring. D.Outgoingandoutspoken.BTomostpeople，especiallytheAmericans，theCanadiansspeakthesamelanguageasthem.ThismakesthembelievethatCanadianEnglishissimplyAmericanEnglish.However，thereareseveralreasonswhyitcanbesaidthattheCanadianshavetheirownvariant（变体）oftheEnglishlanguage.WhatmakesCanadianEnglishsospecial？CanadianEnglishisavariantofbothvariants.Becauseofthefactthattheirnext-doorneighboursspeakAmericanEnglish，nodoubttheywerelargelyinfluencedbyit.However，itistobenotedthattheCanadianswerestronglyagainstcolonization（殖民化）whentheAmericanstriedtoforcethemtojoin.Thisshowedjusthowmuchloyalty（忠诚）theyhavefortheQueenofEngland.TheEnglishspokenbytheBritishandthatspokenbytheAmericansareworldsapartandCanadianEnglishtookthebestofbothworldstocreateitsownlanguagestyle.What’smore，nothingbeatstheuniqueness（独特性）oftheCanadianaccent（口音）.ThisaccentcangobacktothehistoryofthefirstCanadians.ThefirstpeopletoarriveinCanadaweretheIrishwhowereundertheruleofGreatBritain.However，soonafter，alargenumberofpeoplewhocamefromneighbouringAmericaalsostartedtoarrive.ManyaccentsmixedintosomethingbetweentheBritishandtheAmericanaccent.Itcreatedcertainmannerisms（习惯）whichcannotbefoundineitherBritishorAmericanEnglish.WhenyouareinCanada，youcannothelpbutnoticemannerismsusedbymostCanadians.Theword“eh”isonewordwhichhasfullycometobeconnectedwiththeCanadians.YouwouldmostlikelyhearaCanadianspeaktoyouandendhissentencewith“eh”.5.WhatdomostpeoplethinkofCanadianEnglish？A.ItissomewhereinbetweenAmericanandBritishEnglish.B.ItislesspopularthanAmericanEnglish.C.ItisnodifferentfromAmericanEnglish.D.ItisthesameasBritishEnglish.6.WhatdidtheAmericanstrytodoinhistory？A.TorequiretheCanadianstochangetheirmannerisms.B.ToaskCanadatotakeastandagainstcolonization.C.ToforcetheCanadianstolearnAmericanEnglish.D.TomakeCanadapartofAmerica’sland.7.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthefirstCanadians？A.TheywerefromIreland.B.TheyhatedAmericansalot.C.TheyspokeAmericanEnglish.D.TheycametoCanadathroughAmerica.8.HowdotheCanadiansusetheword“eh”？A.Tofinishasentence.B.Tostartanewsentence.C.Toshowgoodmanners.D.Toexpressastrongfeeling.CAlllanguageschangeovertime.Newvocabularyisoftenrequiredforthelatestinventionsorideas.Butalanguagecanalsochangeforreasonsthatarenotclear.Languagechangeswheneverspeakerscommunicatewitheachother.Peoplefromdifferentplacesclearlyspeakdifferently，butevenwithinthesamesmallcommunity，peoplespeakdifferentlydependingontheirage，origin，andsocialandeducationalbackground.Whenwecommunicatewiththesedifferentspeakersindifferentsituations，wehearnewwordsandexpressions，andcanmakethemapartofourownspeech.Evenifyourfamilyhaslivedinthesameareaforgenerations，youcanprobablyseeanumberofdifferencesbetweenthelanguageyouuseandthewayyourgrandparentsspeak.Whenenoughtimehaspassed，theinfluenceofthesechangesbecomesclearer.Duringthe18thcentury，JonathanSwift，theIrishwriter，andmanyotherpeoplefelttheEnglishlanguagewasinseriousdecline（衰落）andthatanationalorganization—likethoseinFranceandItaly—shouldbecreatedtosavethelanguage.Swiftoncewrotethatweshouldfindawaytostopourlanguagefromchanging.Eventoday，wehearpeoplecomplainingaboutalackof“standards（标准）”inspokenandwrittenEnglish.Newwordsandexpressions，orchangesingrammar，areoftenconsideredbad.Moreexpertsbelievethatchangeinlanguageisunavoidable.Changeisawayofkeepingalanguagealiveanduseful，andgivesspeakersdifferentwaysofsayingthingswithextremelysmalldifferencesofmeaningandwaysofexpressingcompletelynewideas.TheorganizationssetupinFranceandItalyhavehadlittlesuccessinreducingtheamountofchangeinFrenchorItalian.In1747，SamuelJohnsonwroteabouthisdesiretowriteadictionarythatwouldfixthepronunciationofEnglishandkeepitpure（纯正的）.Butwhenhecompletedthedictionarytenyearslater，headmittedinhisintroductionthatfixingalanguagewasimpossible.Likeitornot，languageisalwayschangingandEnglishwillgoondoingsoinmanycreativeand—tosomepeople—annoyingways.9.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph？A.Somepeoplelearntospeakbetterthanothers.B.Theyouthshouldlearnfromtheirgrandparents.C.Languagechangeisgreatlyinfluencedbypeople.D.Languagechangeslittleifpeoplestayinthesameplace.10.WhatdoesJonathanSwiftthinkoflanguagechange？A.Hethinksitishopeful.B.Hethinksitisunclear.C.Heagreesonthechange.D.Hedoesn’tagreeonthechange.11.WhydidSamuelJohnsondecidetowriteadictionary？A.Tocreatesomenewwords.B.Toincludesomeforeignwords.C.TokeepEnglishpurefromchanges.D.TorecordthechangesinEnglish.12.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext？A.WhyDoesLanguageChange？B.WrittenEnglishNeedsStandardsC.DoesLanguageChangeInfluenceSociety？D.HowtoProtecttheLanguageⅡ.完形填空Oneyearago，IpaidnoattentiontoEnglishidioms（习语），thoughmyteachertoldmeaboutthemagainandagain.Butsoon，the13ofEnglishidiomswasshowninanamusingexperience.Oneday，I14tomeetanEnglishmanontheroad，andsoonwebegantotalk.AsIwastalkingabouthowIwasstudyingEnglish，the15seemedtobesurprised.Gentlyshakinghis16，shrugging（耸）hisshoulders，hesaid，“Youdon’tsay！”Iwas17.Ithoughtperhapsthiswasnotaproper18.Ihadbetterchangeit.SoIsaidtohim，“HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall？”“Certainly！Itwasamazing.Everyonebackhomewill19meifIleaveChinawithoutseeingit.”Icontinued，“TheGreatWallisoneofthe20intheworld.Weareveryproudofit.”Butsoon，“Youdon’tsay！”cametomyearsagain.Icouldn’t21asking，“Whydoyouaskmenottotalkaboutit？”“Well，Ididn’taskyoutodoso，”heanswered，22surprised.Isaid，“Didn’tyousay‘Youdon’tsay！’？”23this，theEnglishmanlaughedtotears.Hebeganto24，“‘Youdon’tsay！’actuallymeans‘Really’！Itisa（n）25ofsurprise.Perhapsyoudon’tpayattentiontoEnglishidioms.”OnlythendidIknowIhadmadea26ofmyself.SincethenIhavebeenmore27withidiomaticexpressions.13.A.effect B.differenceC.importance D.source14.A.used B.expectedC.happened D.refused15.A.foreigner B.teacherC.student D.partner16.A.hand B.armC.head D.body17.A.worried B.uneasyC.curious D.confused18.A.style B.topicC.opinion D.task19.A.laughat B.ranafterC.relyon D.referto20.A.works B.wondersC.choices D.examples21.A.help B.admitC.regret D.allow22.A.naturally B.purposelyC.hardly D.greatly23.A.Finding B.FeelingC.Hearing D.Noticing24.A.request B.explainC.complain D.determine25.A.problem B.expressionC.goal D.recognition26.A.sense B.signC.mess D.fool27.A.satisfied B.annoyedC.anxious D.carefulⅢ.语法填空Youknowhowdisappointeditcanbeifyouarenotabletocommunicatewiththe28（native）whenyou’retraveling，andyoumightthinklearninganewlanguageisatoughtask.Butfearnot！Wefiguredout29（exact）howmanywordsyouneedtolearntospeakalanguagewell.Agroupoflinguists（语言学家）havecreatedatest30（see）howmanywordsyouknowinEnglish.Thereare200，000＋wordsintheEnglishlanguage，butthetestonly31（include）50ofthem.Youmaynotunderstandallofthe50words.Thelinguistsbelievethatifyoumultiply（乘）32numberofwordsoutof50thatyouunderstandby500，you’llalmostknowyourEnglishvocabulary.Aprofessorhasfoundthatnativespeakersofalanguageknow15，000to20，000lemmas（词目）.Alemma33（make）upofarootword（say：walk）andallof34（it）inflections（屈折变化）（walked，walking，walker，etc.）.Butifyoulearnanewlanguage，youcanneverunderstand15，000lemmas.Hediscouragespeoplefromlearningallofthewordsinalanguage.Thereare800to1，000lemmas35areusedmostfrequentlyinthelanguage.Headvisespeopletofocus36theselemmas.Withtheselemmas，peoplecanunderstand75%ofthelanguage.Andtheywillbe37（confidence）enoughtostartaconversation，orderatarestaurant，anddealwithotherdailycommunication.28. 29. 30.31. 32. 33.34. 35. 36.37.SectionⅡUsinglanguage基础知识自测维度一1.Subway2.apartments3.type4.petrol/gas5.contact6.unfamiliar7.likely8.context维度二1.long-distance2.poorly-paid3.passers-by4.English-speaking5.ill-treated6.face-to-face7.ready-made8.peace-loving9.absent-minded10.notebook维度三1.合成法2.派生法3.派生法4.转化法5.派生法6.转化法7.派生法素养能力提升Ⅰ.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高中生Noah学习中文的经历，学习汉语让他获益良多，他结合自己自学语言的经历开发了一款翻译应用程序。1.D推理判断题。根据第一段和第三段内容可知，Noah热爱学习语言，他学习中文的经历促使他开发了一款中文翻译应用程序；学习汉语使Noah在兼职的餐厅更好地为客人服务。由此推知，汉语学习让Noah获益良多。2.D细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，Noah的应用程序包括每日一词、教如何写汉字的课程以及推送重要的中国新闻。3.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的I’mplanningtoworkforayearandsavesoIcangoontouniversityasIreallywanttomakeacareer（事业）outofoneofthesetwotopics.可知，Noah决定高中毕业后先找一份工作。4.A推理判断题。根据第三、四段内容可知，Noah自学了汉语并掌握了其他七种语言的基本知识，并结合自己自学语言的经历设计了一款翻译应用程序。由此可知，Noah不仅求知欲强，而且很有创造力。语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人们往往认为加拿大英语和美式英语没有区别，但是加拿大人有自己的英语变体，文章对其中的原因进行了介绍。5.C细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，大多数人认为加拿大英语和美式英语没有区别。6.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的However，itistobenotedthattheCanadianswerestronglyagainstcolonization（殖民化）whentheAmericanstriedtoforcethemtojoin.可知，历史上美国曾想让加拿大成为美国领土的一部分。7.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的ThefirstpeopletoarriveinCanadaweretheIrishwhowereundertheruleofGreatBritain.可知，第一批加拿大人来自爱尔兰。8.A细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，加拿大人用“eh”这个词结束一个句子。语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言是变化的，并分析了其变化的原因。9.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的Languagechanges...canmakethemapartofourownspeech.可知，人们的说话方式会因年龄、出身、社会和教育背景的不同而不同。我们在与不同的人交流时会受到影响，语言也就发生了变化。所以语言的变化受人的影响很大。10.D细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，乔纳森·斯威夫特不赞同语言的变化。11.C细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，为了保持英语的纯正，让其不受变化的影响，塞缪尔·约翰逊决定编写一本词典。12.A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章提出语言是变化的，并分析了其变化的原因。所以A项（为什么语言会变化？）为文章最佳标题。Ⅱ.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在一次与外国友人的交流中，没有注意到习语的重要性，出了洋相。由此作者注意到在学习英语的过程中，应该注重英语习语的表达。13.C根据上文Butsoon可知，上下文之间是转折关系，说明作者之前不重视英语习语，但后来开始重视，认识到它的重要性。effect作用；difference区别；importance重要性；source来源。14.C根据下文anEnglishmanontheroad可推知，作者之前不认识这个英国人，他们只是碰巧遇到。use使用；expect期待；happen碰巧；refuse拒绝。15.A根据上文Oneday，I14tomeetanEnglishmanontheroad可知，作者是与外国人交谈，故外国人感觉很惊讶。foreigner外国人；teacher教师；student学生；partner伙伴。16.C根据上文besurprised可知，外国人感到惊讶，摇头表示不赞同作者的做法。hand手；arm胳膊；head头；body身体。17.D根据下文Icouldn’t21asking，“Whydoyouaskmenottotalk