2026版正禾一本通高三一轮总复习英语（北师版）-综合模拟检测卷(十一)

综合模拟检测卷(十一)(满分：120分时间：100分钟)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWALKIETALKIETOWERCLIMBDaretotakethestairsforarunchallenge！SignupandclimbupLondon'sWalkieTalkiebuildingon4March2023.RunorwalkuptheWalkieTalkiebuilding,andraisemoneytohelpseriouslyillchildrenatGreatOrmondStreetHospital.Climbover35floorsand896stepsbeforebeingrewardedwithacelebratory/get­involved/fundraising­eventsRACETOREMEMBERWhynottakeonRacetoRemember？JoinTeamCombatStresson11November2023,andhelpraisefundsforveterans(老兵)．Choosefroma76kmora36kmwalkorrun.AllracesfinishattheHMSVictoryinPortsmouth.Theregistrationfeeis￡75(76kmevent)or￡40(36kmevent)．.ukTIMETORUNRunforresearchandtakeon50milesin50days！Takeonthisvirtualrunanywhere,anytime,between1Marchand19April.We'reinvestinginpioneeringprojectsthatcouldslow,stoporchangeParkinson'scompletely.Andweaimtodeliverthenextnewtreatmentinyears.BytakingpartinTimetoRun,you'refundingParkinson'sUKresearch.Yourfundraisingwillhelpusfasttrackthemostpromisingtreatments.Signuptodayforjust￡5..ukLONDONMARATHONGetyourrunningshoesonandjoinDepaulUKforthe2023TCSLondonMarathon.We'llcheeryouonasyouhelpraisevitalfundsforyoungpeopleaffectedbyhomelessness.StartinginGreenwichPark,you'llrunoverTowerBridgetowardsamemorablefinishonTheMall.Joinusatthestartlineandshowyoursupportforyoungpeople.Tosecureyourplace,signuptoday.kurt.sullivan.depaulcharity,org.uk1．Whichwebsitewouldyouvisitifyouwanttoclimbstairs？()A．.ukB．.ukC．kurt.sullivan.depaulcharity,org.ukD．/get­involved/fundraising­events2．WhowillbenefitfromTIMETORUN？()A．Sickchildren.B．Veterans.C．Thehomeless.D．TheParkinson'spatients.3．Whataretheseactivitiesaimedfor？()A．Fun.B．Health.C．Charity.D．Workout.BGutiérrez'slifewouldneverbethesameagainafterfindingacopyofAnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoyinthegarbage20yearsago.Ithappenedwhilehewasdrivinghisgarbagetruckthroughwealthierneighbourhoodsatnightandseeingabandonedbooks.Itarousedhisdesiretostartrescuingbooksfromthegarbage.Heusedtotakehomebetween50and60bookseverymorning.Eventually,heturnedhisbookcollectionintocommunitylibraryforchildrenfromlow­incomefamilies.Colombia'scapitalcityofBogotáhas19publiclibraries.However,theselibrariestendtobefarawayfromwhereruralandpoorercommunitieslive.Theoptionofbuyingnewbooksisnon­existentforfamiliesstrugglingtomakeendsmeet.Gutiérrez'scommunitylibraryisatruerepresentationofhowoneman'sgarbagecanbeanother'streasure.Gutiérrezgrewuppoor,andhisfamilycouldnotaffordtoeducatehimbeyondprimaryschool.Nevertheless，hismotherwasapassionatereaderandreadstoriestohimeverynight.HerloveforbooksleftadeepimpressiononGutiérrez.Today,hismakeshiftcommunitylibrary,called“TheStrengthofWords”，occupiesmostofhishomeinsouthernBogotá，andispiledfromfloortoceilingwithfictionandnon­fictiontitles.Everythingfromschooltextbookstostorybookscanbefoundinhiscollectionofmorethan20，000books！Asthewordbegantospreadabouthisamazingproject,peoplebegansendinghimmanymorebookstogrowhislibrary.Despitehavingdonesomuchforhiscommunity,Gutiérrezisnotyetcontenttocallitaday．Hecontinuestosearchthroughgarbagecansforreadingmaterials.Today，theGutiérrezfamilydoesnotmerelywanttostartlibrariesinneighbourhoods.Theywanttocreatespacesforschoolchildrentospendtheirtimereading.Gutiérrez'sjourneytogivebacktohislocalcommunityisanamazingexampleofhoweveryoneofuscanimprovethelivesofthosearoundus.HowmightwetakealeafoutofGutiérrez'sbookandimpactthelessfortunatearoundus?4．WhatinspiredGutiérreztorescueunwantedbooks？()A．TheabandonedAnnaKarenina.B．LeoTolstoy'slife.C．Children'slivingconditions.D．Acommunitylibrary.5．WhydidGutiérrezstart“TheStrengthofWords”？()A．Tocreateaharmoniousneighbourhood.B．Togivehismothersufficientbooks.C．Tofacilitatechildren'sreading.D．Toimprovethecommunitylife.6．WhatcanbestdescribeGutiérrez？()A．Devotedandtalented.B．Intelligentandgenerous.C．Passionateandwell­educated.D．Creativeandcaring.7．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext？()A．DesireforReadingB．FromGarbagetoTreasureC．Gutiérrez'sKindnessD．AnAmazingModelofEducationCAnewstudysuggestsclassicpaintingsbywell­knownartistsJosephMallordWilliamTurnerandClaudeMonetmayhavebeeninfluencedbyairpollutionduringtheIndustrialRevolution.Thestudy,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesbyauthorsfromHarvardUniversityandSorbonneUniversity,analyzed60oilpaintingsbyTurnerfrom1796to1850and38paintingsbyMonetfrom1864to1901.Scientistsdon'tknowexactlyhowpollutedthecitieswereduringthattimeforlackofdata.However,researcherssayexaminingtheworksofTurnerandMonetcangiveapictureoflong­termenvironmentalchangewiththeairpollution.Inparticular,researcherssaychangesinlocalsulfurdioxide(二氧化硫)emissionsfromburningcoalmayexplainchangesinthecolourcontrastandintensityofTurner's,Monet's,andothers'works,evenaftertakingtheartistictrendsandsubjectmatterofthetimeintoaccount.Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters'representationofnature,focusingondifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcolourinworkspaintedindifferentpartsofEurope.PaintingsdoneinBritaingenerallyfeatureapalerblueskythanotherworksinotherpartsofthecontinent.Generally，artistscanhistoricallyaccuratelyrepresenttheirenvironment,soTurnerandMonetwerechosenbecausetheyarefamousfortheirlandscapeandcityscapepaintingsandalsobecausetheywereactiveduringtheIndustrialRevolution,whenairpollutiongrewatarateneverseenbefore.Additionally,researcherssaythatastheairinLondonandParisbecamemorepolluted，thecitieswouldappearhaziertotheeyesaswellasinphotographs.BycomparingthepaintingsofTurnerandMonettopicturesfromtheera,theywereabletodeterminetheartistswereatleastpartlyinfluencedbythechangeinemissions.8．Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy？()A．Byreferringtorelevanthistoricalrecords.B.BycomparingthepaintingsofTurnerandMonet.C.Byrelatingthepaintingstotheairconditionsthen.D.ByanalyzingthedataduringtheIndustrialRevolution.9．WhatdidtheresearchersfindintheworksofTurnerandMonet？()A．Airpollutionatthattime.B．Changeinsubjectmatter.C．Socialtrendsoftheperiod.D．Developmentofphotography.10．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph5？()A.Europeanartistspreferredlandscapepaintings.B．Scientistsfocusedonstudyingweatherpatterns.C．TurnerandMonetintendedtopresentpollution.D．BritainsufferedfromairpollutionmostinEurope.11．Whatisthepurposeofthetext？()A．Toinformpeopleofanewdiscovery.B．Toinstructpeopletoappreciatepaintings.C．TointroducetheIndustrialRevolution.D.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.DManyownersofelectriccarshavewishedforabatterypackthatcouldpowertheirvehicleformorethanathousandmilesonasinglecharge.Researchershavedevelopedalithium­airbatterythatcouldmakethatdreamareality.Thenewbatterydesigncouldalsoonedaypowerairplanesandtrucks.Themainnewcomponentinthislithium­airbatteryisasolidelectrolyte(电解质)insteadoftheusualliquidvariety.Batterieswithsolidelectrolytesarenotsubjecttosafetyproblemswiththeliquidelectrolytesusedinlithium­ionandotherbatterytypes,whichcanoverheatandcatchfire.Moreimportantly,thesolidelectrolytecanpotentiallyboosttheenergyfourtimes,whichtranslatesintolongerdrivingrange.Foroveradecade,scientistshavebeenworkingovertimetodevelopalithium(锂)batterythatmakesuseoftheoxygeninair.Thelithium­airbatteryhasthehighestenergyofanybatterytechnologybeingconsideredforthenextgenerationofbatteriesbeyondlithium­ion.Thenewsolidelectrolyteiscomposedofamaterialmadefromrelativelyinexpensiveelements，comparedwiththepastdesigns.Besides，thechemicalreactioninlithium­iononlyinvolvesoneortwoelectronsstoredperoxygenmolecule(分子)，whilethatforthelithium­airbatteryinvolvesfourelectrons.Moreelectronsstoredmeanshigherenergy.Thenewdesignisthefirstlithium­airbatterythathasachievedafour­electronreactionatroomtemperature.Italsooperateswithoxygensuppliedbyairfromthesurroundingenvironment.Thecapabilitytorunwithairavoidstheneedforoxygentankstooperate,aproblemwithearlierdesigns.“Withfurtherdevelopment,weexpectournewdesignforthelithium­airbatterytoreacharecordof1，200watt­hoursperkilogram，”saidCurtiss,aresearcher.“Thatisnearlyfourtimesbetterthanlithium­ionbatteries.”12．Whatcontributesmosttothelithium­airbattery？()A．Lithium­ion.B．Oxygenmolecules.C．Solidelectrolytes.D．Liquidcomponents.13．What'stheproblemwithlithium­ionbatteries？()A．Theyburneasilyifoverheated.B．Theyareunsafeinproduction.C．Theydamagetheenvironment.D．Theyrequirelongerchargingtime.14．HowdoestheauthororganizeParagraph4？()A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bypresentingstatistics.D．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.15．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext？()A．HowLithium­airBatteriesWorkB．WhatWillBeUsedtoPowerAirplanesC.ElectricCarsAreBecomingMorePopularD.NewBatteriesOfferLongerDrivingRange第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sciencefictiontelevisionhasdonealottoshapehowweviewthemealsofthefuture，fromaneveningdinnerinpillformtomachinesgivingusanymealwedesireondemand.16(____)However，whiletheseideasforfoodcreationaremorethanfiftyyearsold，thewayweproduceandconsumefoodhasnotchangedverymuch.Eventhoughthereisenoughfoodavailabletodaytofeedtheworld,morethan870millionpeopledonothaveenoughtoeat.17(____)Withtheglobalpopulationexpectedtogrowtomorethanninebillionby2050，demandforfoodwillonlyincrease.Nopillsormachineshavesolvedourfoodproblemsyet.However,agriculturalsciencehasbeenresponsibleforsavinghugenumbersoflives.Scienceandtechnologyhelpedusoutofstarvationduringthe1960sand1970swhentheworld'spopulationexploded.18(____)Theresultofthispanicwasthe“greenrevolution”，whichsawtheintroductiontofarmingofhighproductiongrains,improvedirrigationsystemsandhybridseeds，savingoveronebillionpeoplefromstarvation.19(____)Havingenoughfoodisonlythefirststep.Therearecomplicationswithnaturaldisasters，conflict,povertyandenvironmentalproblems.Allthesecanmeanthatthefoodsupplyisputatrisk.20(____)Manypeopleareconcernedabout“playingaroundwithnature”，adjustinghowfoodlooksandtastesandsmells,andotherhumaninterference(干预)，allofwhicharewidespread.Anyhow,theworldhasnotbeencompletelysavedfromstarvation,butweareonthewaytogettingthere.A．Agriculturalsciencewasquiteasuccess.B．Therearemanycomplexitieswhendealingwithfood.C．Modernscienceandtechnologyoffoodcontributesalot.D．Nobodywouldeverstarveiffoodwerethiseasytoobtain.E．Anditisunbelievablethathungerkillsmorepeoplethandiseasedoes.F．Thentherearetheissueswefacewhenitcomestofoodexperimentation.G．Atthattimescientistsweregenuinelyworriedthatwewouldrunoutoffood.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mynine­year­olddaughter,Vivien,isalittleprincess.Under__21__circumstances,shecan'tevenpourherselfaglassofmilk.SowhenIcamehome__22__withfever,myfirstthoughtwas,“HowwouldVivienreact？”At3：30P．M.,I__23__myselfoutofbedanddrovetopickherup.Onthewayhome,Isaid,“Sweetheart,Mommy'sreallysick.Canyoufixyourownmealtonight？”“That'sokay，”shereplied__24__．Whenwearrivedhome,I__25__backtobed.Everynowandthen,Iwouldwakefromafeverishsleeptofindalittleangel__26__overmewithsomegoodwillofferings,acoolwashclothtowipemyhotbrow,abelltoringifI__27__anything,apictureshehaddrawnto__28__meup.Throughouttheevening,Vivienissuedperiodicreportsonherprogresswiththeevening__29__．“Ijustmademyselfasalad.”Or,“I'mrunningmybathnow.”Ismiledtomyselfunderthe__30__．Thenatbedtime,Vivien__31__alittlebookshemade,entitled“ILOVEYOUMOMMY.”Thefirstpage__32__，“Thankyouforallyoudidforme,MOMMY.”Ifeltawaveofgratitudeforthe__33__thathadgivenmylittleprincesstheopportunityto__34__—andmetheopportunityto__35__—whatanangelshetrulywas.21．()A.extreme B．special C．certain D．normal22．()A.complaining B．trembling C．wonderingD．crying23．()A.urged B．advised C．dragged D．threw24．()A.happily B．hurriedly C．confidently D．guiltily25．()A.dashed B．fell C．marched D．rolled26．()A.bending B．coming C．going D．taking27．()A.said B．forgot C．dreamed D．wanted28．()A.clear B．cheer C．call D．wake29．()A.program B．news C．weather D．routine30．()A.blankets B．stairs C．roof D．sofa31．()A.published B．wrote C．showed D．bought32．()A.read B．painted C．covered D．printed33．()A.accident B．night C．report D．illness34．()A.demonstrate B．perform C．practice D．function35．()A.relax B．escape C．appreciate D．imagine第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Notedforitscolorfulcultureandawesome36____________(beautiful),Bali,anislandinIndonesia,attractsasteadyflowofvisitors.AhugepartofBali'sappeallies37____________thevarietyofexperiencesitoffersandthestatesofminditcanleadto.Ithassomething38____________(offer)toeverytypeoftraveller.TherearesomanyamazingthingsinBalithatitcanbehardtodecidewhattodofirst.Youwon'thaveseenBali39__________youhaven'tfullyexploredSouthBali.ThispartoftheislandishometobusybeachdestinationslikeSeminyakandCanggu,as40____________asquieterandmorefamily­centeredoneslikeSanur.ThereisnobetterareatodiscoverBali'smodernness41________SeminyakandGanggu.Thetwoareasarecloselysituatedtooneanother,42____________(match)eachotherperfectly.Theyareespeciallypopularwithdigitalnomads(游牧民)who43____________(draw)herebytherelaxedlifestyle,plentyofcafesandco­workingspaces.Baliholdsplentyofappeal44__________(simple)outsidethesemaintouristareas.Unsunghighlightsoftheislandincludedivingunderthecoralreefs(珊瑚礁)offthenorthwestcoastlineandhuntingdown45____________(hide)waterfalls.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)你校刚刚举办了为期两周的英语夏令营，外教和营员们即将踏上归程。请你作为营员代表用英语写一篇发言稿，在结营仪式上发言，内容包括：1．祝贺；2.感谢；3.祝愿。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Dearcampers，第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Amandalivedinabigmoderncity.Duetothehigh­speeddevelopmentoftheeconomy,familiesfromdifferentbackgroundscameheretofindabetterlife.Amanda'sclassmateandfriend,Rama,wasfromoneofthosefamilies.Onedayafterschool,AmandaandRamawerechattingandRamamentionedhowmuchshemissedherfriendsandhometown.“Itishardtoleave，”Ramasighed，“butmyfamilyneededtobeinplaceswhereitiseasierforustomakealiving.”HoldingRama'shands,AmandaencouragedhertosharemoreandsheknewRamalovedtosinganddancewithherfriendsbackinherhometown.AfterlearningaboutRama'sstory,AmandastartedtonoticemorestudentslikeRamainherschool.Forthefirsttimesherealizedthatthosestudentslookedsadintheireyes.Sometimesbecauseoftheirdifferentaccents,theycouldn'tcommunicatewellwithothers,whichmadethemalwayssitorstandsilentlyatthebackoftheclassroom.“Theyarehavingahardtime.Weshouldshowthemkindnessandlove！”shetoldhermotheroneday.Amandaaskedhermotherwhatshecoulddotohelpmakethemfeelwelcome.Amanda'smothersuggested,“Whataboutusingart？Maybeitwillbeeasiertocommunicatethroughart.”Amandathoughtforawhileandnodded.LikeherfriendRama,Amandalovedallformsofart,likepainting,singing,dancing,andperforming,throughwhichshecouldtelldifferentstories—aboutherfamilyandherlife.Thenextday,AmandawenttotheActivityCenterinherschoolandproposedherplanofanartshow.Theofficerthoughtitwasagreatidea.Inspiredandexcited,Amandasetaboutherplanwithseveralfriends.AttheActivityCentertheyfilledaroomwithpaper,paintandpencils.Theyevenmadeasmallstage！Everythingready,theyinvitedallthenewstudentsinherschoolandAmandaencouragedthemtosharesomethingspecialabouttheirhometowninanyartforms.ToAmanda'ssurprise,nooneresponded.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Amazingly,Ramasteppedforwardtobreaktheice.Everythingseemedtochangeafterthatartshow.综合模拟检测卷(十一)答案与解析答案速查速览1－56－1011－1516－20DDCACDBCADACABDDEGBF21－2526－3031－35DBCCBADBDACADAC语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四个旨在做慈善筹款的公益活动。1．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据WALKIETALKIETOWERCLIMB部分的“SignupandclimbupLondon'sWalkieTalkiebuilding”可知，如果想要爬台阶的话，可以参加WALKIETALKIETOWERCLIMB活动，其网址为/get­involved/fundraising­events，故D项正确。2．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据TIMETORUN部分的“BytakingpartinTimetoRun,you'refundingParkinson'sUKresearch...trackthemostpromisingtreatments”可知，参加TimetoRun是资助英国帕金森综合征研究的，据此可知，其受益人群为帕金森综合征病人，故D项正确。3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据WALKIETALKIETOWERCLIMB部分的“raisemoneytohelpseriouslyillchildren”，RACETOREMEMBER部分的“raisefundsforveterans(老兵)”，TIMETORUN部分的“you'refundingParkinson'sUKresearch”和LONDONMARATHON部分的“helpraisevitalfundsforyoungpeopleaffectedbyhomelessness”可知，本文提到的全部活动的目的都是慈善筹款，故C项正确。语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Gutiérrez在富人区的垃圾堆里偶然发现了一本被丢弃的列夫·托尔斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》，这使他有了从垃圾堆捡书、为低收入家庭的孩子建立图书馆的想法。他得到了社会的支持并成功创办了社区图书馆。4．解析：选A。细节理解题。本题问“是什么启发Gutiérrez搜集不需要的书？”根据第一段的“Gutiérrez'slifewould...20yearsago”和“Itarousedhisdesire...fromthegarbage”可知，Gutiérrez在垃圾堆里发现了列夫·托尔斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》，这使他有了从垃圾堆里捡书的想法，被丢弃的《安娜·卡列尼娜》启发他搜集人们不需要的书，故A项正确。5．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“Colombia'scapitalcity...makeendsmeet”可知，虽然哥伦比亚的首都波哥大有19座公共图书馆，但这些图书馆远离农村和贫困社区；那些努力维持生计的家庭几乎没有买新书的机会。再结合第四段和第五段最后一句内容可知，他创立“文字的力量”图书馆是为了方便贫困孩子阅读，故C项正确。6．解析：选D。推理判断题。通读第一段可知，Gutiérrez偶然在富人区的垃圾堆里捡到一本《安娜·卡列尼娜》，这使他有了搜集废旧书籍建立图书馆供贫困孩子阅读的想法；结合后三段内容可知，他成功地建立了“文字的力量”图书馆，为贫困孩子提供了免费的阅读场所，据此可以推知，他是一位有创造力并有爱心的人。7．解析：选B。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要描述了Gutiérrez将别人扔掉的书籍收集起来建立图书馆的故事，说明一个人的垃圾能转化为另一个人的财富。故B项最适合作为本文标题。语篇解读：本文是说明文。研究人员表示，通过将绘画与当时的空气条件联系起来可以了解空气污染带来的长期环境变化。8．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However，researcherssayexaminingtheworksofTurnerandMonetcangiveapictureoflong­termenvironmentalchangewiththeairpollution”可知，研究人员表示，通过研究特纳和莫奈的作品，可以了解空气污染带来的长期环境变化。由此可知，研究者是通过将绘画与当时的空气条件联系起来做这个研究的。故选C项。9．解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Generally，artistscan...soTurnerandMonetwere...neverseenbefore”可知，艺术家可以准确地描绘他们所处的历史环境，所以特纳和莫奈被选中是因为他们以乡村风景画和城市风光画而闻名，也因为他们活跃在工业革命时期，而当时空气污染以前所未有的速度加剧。由此再结合第一段内容可推知，研究人员在特纳和莫奈的作品中发现了当时的空气污染状况。故选A项。10．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第五段前两句的内容可知，科学家们已经成功测量了画家对自然的描绘，重点关注了影响欧洲不同地区的画作中的色彩的当地天气模式的差异。在英国创作的画作中，天空的蓝色通常比欧洲其他地区的画作要淡一些。由此可推知，英国在欧洲遭受的空气污染最严重。故选D项。11．解析：选A。写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了通过研究特纳和莫奈的作品可以了解空气污染带来的长期环境变化。故本文旨在告诉我们一个研究的新发现。故选A项。语篇解读：本文是说明文。本文介绍了研究人员已经开发出一种锂空气电池以及这种电池的主要成分、优点等。12．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段尾句可知，锂空气电池主要的新成分是固体电解质；根据第二段的内容可知，有固体电解质的电池不像使用液体电解质的电池一样存在安全问题。更重要的是，固体电解质可能会将能量提高四倍，这意味着更长的行驶里程。由此可知，对锂空气电池贡献最大的是固体电解质。故选C项。13．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“lithium­ionandother...overheatandcatchfire”可知，锂离子电池容易过热且会着火。故选A项。14．解析：选B。细节理解题。本题问“作者是如何组织第四段的？”根据第四段中的“Thenewsolidparedwiththepastdesigns”可知，与过去的设计相比，新的固体电解质由相对便宜的成分制成；本段第二句中while表示前后两种情况的对比，由此可知，作者是用比较的方法来组织第四段的。故选B项。15．解析：选D。标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员已经开发出一种锂空气电池，讲述了该电池的主要成分、与旧的锂离子电池相比该电池的优点——没有锂离子电池等其他类型的电池存在的安全问题且行驶里程更长等。故选D项。语篇解读：本文是说明文。科幻影片中虚构的药丸形式的晚餐和按需为我们提供膳食的机器只能是幻想。面对粮食危机，科学家们努力研究新技术改进灌溉系统，提高粮食产量。但是，自然灾害、冲突、贫穷和环境问题都将使粮食供应处于危险之中。16．解析：选D。根据第一段第一句可知，科幻影片在很大程度上塑造了我们对未来饮食的看法，从药丸形式的晚餐，到按需为我们提供任何食物的机器。结合下文提及的世界上还有很多人挨饿的事实可知，空处承上启下，说明如果食物容易获得，则没有人会挨饿。故D项正确。17．解析：选E。空前讲到尽管今天有足够的食物来养活全世界，但仍有超过8.7亿人没有足够的食物。据此可推知，全世界还有很多人在挨饿，空处承接上文，E项“而且难以置信的是，因饥饿造成的死亡人数比疾病造成的还多”进一步说明粮食危机的严重性，故E项正确。18．解析：选G。根据空前的“starvationduringthe1960sand1970swhentheworld'spopulationexploded”和空后的panic可知，在20世纪60年代和70年代，世界人口猛增引起了科学家们对粮食问题的担忧；据此可推知，空处与此对应，说明科学家们十分担心人们会吃完现有的粮食，故G项正确。19．解析：选B。空处位于该段段首，为该段主题句。根据空后的“Havingenoughfood...environmentalproblems”可知，有足够的食物只是第一步。自然灾害、冲突、贫穷和环境问题是复杂的，常导致粮食危机。据此可知，该段主要陈述在处理粮食危机时，有很多错综复杂的事情，故B项正确。20．解析：选F。根据下文的“Manypeopleareconcerned...whicharewidespread”可知，许多人担心“玩弄自然”，包括调整食物的外观、味道和气味，以及其他的人为干预等，结合常识可以推知，下文所说的是当涉及食物实验时所面临的问题，故F项“当涉及食物实验时，我们还面临着一些问题”符合语境。语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者娇生惯养的女儿在作者发烧生病的时候，贴心地照顾她，这件事体现了女儿的懂事孝顺。21．解析：选D。根据空前“alittleprincess”可知，作者的女儿是个娇生惯养的小公主。根据空后“shecan'tevenpourherselfaglassofmilk”和常识可知，在正常(normal)情况下，她甚至不会给自己倒一杯牛奶。extreme“极度的，极端的”；special“特殊的，专用的”；certain“必然的，肯定的”，故选D项。22．解析：选B。根据空后的“withfever”和常识可知，作者到家时发着烧，应是浑身发抖(trembling)。complain“抱怨”；wonder“想知道”，故选B项。23．解析：选C。根据语境可知，此处表示的是作者发烧身体虚弱但不得不开车把女儿接回来。dragmyselfoutofbed“把自己从床上拖起来”。urge“敦促，竭力主张”；advise“劝告，建议”；throw“投，扔”，故选C项。24．解析：选C。根据空前的“That'sokay”和下文的内容可知，女儿自信地(confidently)回答可以自己解决晚餐。happily“高兴地”；hurriedly“匆忙地”；guiltily“愧疚地”，故选C项。25．解析：选B。根据下文的“Everynowandthen,Iwouldwakefromafeverishsleep”并结合常识可知，作者因身体虚弱，又回到床上睡了。fall“落下，进入(某状态)”，符合作者现在生病的身体状况。dash“猛冲，猛撞”；march“行进，前进”；roll“(使)翻滚，(使)翻身”，故选B项。26．解析：选A。根据下文的“acoolwashclothtowipemyhotbrow”可知，女儿弯腰(bending)给作者用一块凉爽的毛巾擦作者滚烫的额头。bend“(使)倾斜，偏向”，符合语境，故选A项。27．解析：选D。根据空前的“abelltoring”可知，作者如果想要(wanted)任何东西的话，可以摇铃铛。forget“忘记”；dream“梦想”，故选D项。28．解析：选B。根据空前的“apictureshehaddrawn”可知，女儿给了作者一幅自己画的画来让作者高兴起来。cheersbup“使……变得高兴起来”符合语境。29．解析：选D。根据空后女儿的话可知，Vivien时不时会报告她晚上会做的惯例(routine)活动。program“程序”；news“新闻”；weather“天气”。故选D项。30．解析：选A。根据作者生病卧床和常识可知，毯子(blankets)是床上的用物，符合作者生病在床上休息的状态。stair“楼梯”；roof“屋顶”；sofa“沙发”。故选A项。31．解析：选C。根据语境和常识可知，九岁的女儿在睡觉之前给作者展示(showed)了一本她自己做的小书。故选C项。32．解析：选A。根据空后的“Thankyouforallyoudidforme,MOMMY”可知，这是书上写的内容。read在此意为“写着”，故选A项。33．解析：选D。根据上文可知，女儿非常贴心地照顾作者是因为作者生病(illness)，故选D项。accident“事故”；report“报道”。34．解析：选A。根据上下文的内容可知，女儿通过作者生病这个契机来证明(demonstrate)自己对母亲的爱。作者感激这场病，因为这场病给了小公主这样一个机会。perform“表演，执行”；practice“练习”；function“正常工作，运转”。故选A项。35．解析：选C。作者感激这场病，因为它给作者一个机会去理解(appreciate)女儿是一个真正的小天使。relax“放松”；escape“逃跑，逃避，摆脱”；imagine“想象”。故选C项。[语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章介绍了以其无与伦比的美丽和丰富多彩的文化而著称的巴厘岛。36．解析：beauty。考查名词。空处被awesome修饰，作介词fo