福建省莆田锦江中学2020-2021学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

莆田锦江中学2020-2021学年(下)期中质量检测高一英语考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?AInarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Inabookstore.2.Whenisthegirlgoingtogetuptomorrowmorning?A.At7:00.B.At7:30.C.At9:30.3.Whichisthegirl’shorse?A.Theonewiththewhiteface.B.Theonewithtwoblacklegs.C.Theonebesidetheblackhorse.4.Howdoesthemangotoworknow?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bybike.5.Whatdothespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Awedding.B.Adress.C.Theweather.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6-7题。6.Howdoesthewomangotoworknow?A.Byunderground.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Workmates.C.Classmates.听第7段材料，回答第8-9题。8.Whatdidthewomandreamabout?A.Shewantedtofindajob.B.Themanhadanaccident.C.Themanwasgoingtogiveuphisjob.9.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Peoplewillhavestrangedreamsbecauseofstress.B.Thewomandislikesworkinghere.C.Thewomanshouldn’ttellhimaboutherdream.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Formerneighbors.B.Businesspartners.C.Schoolfriends.11.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?A.Inaschool.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inatravelagency.12.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Takeatrip.B.Haveadrink.C.Attendameeting.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatcanweknowaboutJane?A.Shehadtoworklastweekend.B.Shewasseriouslyill.C.Shehadtolookafterherbrother.14.Whatcausedthewaitertobringfishinsteadofchicken?A.Poorservices.B.Alotoforders.C.Languageproblems.15.Whydidn’tJackeatthefish?A.Hedoesn’tlikefish.B.Thefishwasnotfresh.C.Hewastooangrytoeatanything.16.WhatdoesthemanthinkofthetriptoParis?A.Annoying.B.Amusing.C.Disappointing.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Snowy.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.18.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthelistenersdo?A.Notgototown.B.Notdrivetotown.C.Notgotothecountrysidebybus.19.Whowouldbehappyabouttheweatheraccordingtothespeaker?A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Students.20.Whenisthenextnews?A.At2:00.B.At6:00.C.At8:00.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分37.5分)第一节(三篇阅读共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEnjoyhistoricOaklandCemeteryafterdarkatCapturingtheSpiritofOaklandHalloweenTours,aseasonaltradition!Acostumeddocent(讲解员)guidesyouthroughthecemetery’sbeautifully-litVictoriangardensasyouexperiencethestoriesthatAtlanta’ssonsanddaughterscometolife.Tourswillbeheldnightlyfrom5:30pmto10:30pm,FridayOct.23—SundayOct.25,andThursday,Oct.29—Saturday,Oct.31.Tourslastapproximatelyonehour.Theeveningalsoincludesmusicalperformances.Astorytellerandguestsareencouragedtoarriveincostumetosetthemoodfortheevents.Ticketsareavailableinadvanceonlyviaticketalternative.com.Ticketsare$25foradultsand$13forchildrenaged4-12(plustaxesandfees).Childrenunder3arefree.Thiseventisfamily-friendly,butisrecommendedforchildrenaged8andup.TicketsgoonsaletoHistoricOaklandFoundationmembersinadvance,onJuly1-15,andgoonsaletothegeneralpubliconJuly15.Ifyou’renotaHOFmember,jointoday!1.WhencanwetakepartinCapturingtheSpiritofOaklandHalloweenTours?A.At8:30amonOct.23. B.At8:30pmonOct.24.C.At10:00pmonOct.28. D.At10:00amonOct.31.2.Whatcanwedowhileattendingthetours?A.LearntobuildVictoriangardens. B.GetHalloweencostumesforfree.C.Enjoysomemusicalperformances. D.TellotherpeopleHalloweenstories.3.Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir8-year-oldsonpayforthetickets?A.$13. B.$38. C.$50. D.$63.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了奥克兰的万圣节之旅的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Tourswillbeheldnightlyfrom5:30pmto10:30pm,FridayOct.23—SundayOct.25,andThursday,Oct.29—Saturday,Oct.31.Tourslastapproximatelyonehour.可知，本次活动将于10月23日（周五）至10月25日（周日）以及10月29日（周四）至10月31日（周六）晚5点30分至10点30分举行。参观时间大约一小时。结合选项可知，10月24日晚上8点半我们可以参加奥克兰的万圣节之旅。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Theeveningalsoincludesmusicalperformances.可知，晚会还包括音乐表演。由此可知，我们可以在参观的同时欣赏音乐表演。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的Ticketsare$25foradultsand$13forchildrenaged4-12(plustaxesandfees).可知，成人门票25美元，4到12岁儿童门票13美元（包括税费）。由此可知，一对夫妇和他们8岁的儿子应该支付63美元的门票。故选D。BAstudyof27,000menshowedthoseskipping(不吃)breakfastwereatagreaterriskofheartproblems.TheBritishHeartFoundationsaidbreakfasthelpedpeopleresist(抵制)sugarysnacksbeforelunch.Themen,aged45-82,werestudiedfor16years.Duringthattimethereweremorethan1,500heartattacksorcasesofdeadlyheartfailure.However,peoplewhoskippedbreakfastwere27%morelikelytohaveheartproblemsthanthosewhostartedthedaywithameal.Theresearcherstookintoconsiderationotherlifestyleriskfactors(因素)suchassmokingandexercise.ResearcherDrLeahCahilltoldtheBBC:“Thetake-homemessageistoeatinthemorningwhenyouwakeup,preferablywithinanhour.Theresultsshowthatsomethingisbetterthannothing,butit’salwaysbettertohavesomethinghealthyandbalanced.”Shesaidthetimingofthemealseemedtobekeyandwaitinguntillunchratherthan“havingbreakfast”maybestraining(损伤)thebodyovertime.Thiscouldbeincreasingtheriskofhighbloodpressureandfatnesswhichcouldinturndamagetheheart.“Don’tskipbreakfast,”DrCahillsuggested.VictoriaTaylor,anexpertwiththeBritishHeartFoundation,said:“Theseresearchersonlylookedatmenagedover45,sowewouldneedtoseefurtherresearchtoprovethatbreakfasthasthesameeffectonthehearthealthofothergroupsofpeople.Whatwedoknowisthatahealthybreakfastcanmakethatmid-morningbiscuitlesstempting,aswellasgivingyouanotheropportunitytowidenthevarietyoffoodsinyourdiet.Cereals(谷类食品)withlowfatmilkareagoodwaytostarttheday.Tryabananaordriedfruitontopandyou’llbeonyourwaytoafinedaybeforeyou’veevenleftthehouse.”4.Whatdoesthetextmainlydealwith?A.Theeffectsofsnacksonthehealthoftheheart.B.AninterviewbytheBBConpeople’slifestyles.C.Whatahealthyandbalanceddietshouldcontain.D.Therelationshipbetweenbreakfastandahealthyheart.5.DrLeahCahill’ssuggestionisthatweshould_____.A.fixthetimeforeachmealweeatinadayB.makesureourbreakfastisalwaysbalancedC.eatourbreakfastimmediatelyaftergettingupD.havebreakfastwithinanhourafterwakingup6.Theunderlinedword“tempting”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto“_____”.A.attractive B.valuableC.obvious D.familiar7.AccordingtoVictoriaTaylor,_____.A.menover45aremorelikelytogetheartdiseasesB.freshfruitslikebananasarenecessaryforahealthybreakfastC.it’shealthytoeatsomebiscuitbetweenbreakfastandlunchD.theresearchersshouldhavecoveredotheragegroupsintheirstudy【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。一个新的研究结果表明：不吃早餐，心脏病的风险更高，本文以此展开谈论，主要讲述了一项研究的结果，不吃早餐的消极影响。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句TheBritishHeartFoundationsaidbreakfasthelpedpeopleresistsugarysnacksbeforelunch.（英国心脏基金会表示，早餐有助于人们在午餐前抵制含糖零食。）文中多次提及的breakfast和heartproblems可知，本文主要探讨早餐对于心脏健康的重要性。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的Thetake-homemessageistoeatinthemorningwhenyouwakeup,preferablywithinanhour.（最重要的是早上醒来时吃东西，最好是在一个小时内。）可知，DrLeahCahill认为最好在醒来一小时之内吃早餐。故选D。【6题详解】词义猜测题。由文章第一段的breakfasthelpedpeopleresistsugarysnacks以及本段tempting之前的less一词可知，吃早餐可以减少临近中午时饼干对自己的诱惑。故此处tempting有“有诱惑力的；有吸引力的”之意。A.attractive有吸引力的；B.valuable有价值的；C.obvious明显的；D.familiar熟悉的。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Theseresearchersonlylookedatmenagedover45,sowewouldneedtoseefurtherresearchtoprovethatbreakfasthasthesameeffectonthehearthealthofothergroupsofpeople可以推出，VictoriaTaylor认为，为了进一步确切证实早餐对人们心脏健康的重要性，研究者在该项研究中应该对其他年龄群体展开调查。故选D。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第三小题，由文章第一段的breakfasthelpedpeopleresistsugarysnacks以及本段tempting之前的less一词可知，吃早餐可以减少临近中午时饼干对自己的诱惑。故此处tempting有“有诱惑力的；有吸引力的”之意。A.attractive有吸引力的；B.valuable有价值的；C.obvious明显的；D.familiar熟悉的。故选A。C.Anewstudyhasfoundtheamountofantibiotics(抗生素)giventofarmanimalsisexpectedtoincreasebytwothirdsoverthenext15years.Researchersarelinkingthegrowingdependenceonthedrugstotheincreasingneedformeat,milkandeggs.However,thedrugscouldquickenthedevelopmentofantibiotic­resistantinfections(感染).SuchinfectionsarealreadyamajorpublichealthconcernintheUnitedStates.TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)noteswhenpeoplestoplivinginpoverty(贫困),thefirstthingtheywanttodoiseatbetter,ratherthanearnmoremoney.Formostpeople,thatmeanstheirdietshouldcontainmoremeat.WiththerapiddevelopmentofAsia,peoplethereareeatingnearlyfourtimesasmuchmeat,milkandothermilkproductsastheydid50yearsago.Tomeettheneed,farmershaveputmanyanimalsintosmallerspaces.Astheanimalsarecrowdedtogether,theeasiestwaytodealwithsomeoftheproblemsofcrowdingistogivethemantibiotics.It’sclearthatantibioticshelpanimalsstayhealthyincrowdedenvironmentsandgrowfaster.Butbacteriacandevelopresistancetothedrugsgradually.Nowadays,doctorsfindantibioticsthatonceworkedagainsttheinfectionsnolongerwork.Thebacteriahavelearnedwaystofightagainstthedrugs.Theheavyuseofantibioticsinfarmanimalsisresponsibleforthegrowthofantibioticresistanceworldwide.EachyearintheUnitedStates,atleasttwomillionpeoplegetantibiotic­resistantinfectionsandatleast23,000diefromtheseinfections.Europehasbannedtheuseofantibioticstoincreaseanimalgrowth.AndtheUnitedStatesishopingtopersuadefarmerstostopusingantibioticsforthatpurpose.8.Whatcausestheincreasingamountofantibioticsgiventofarmanimals?A.Thedesirefornewdrugs.B.Thelesseffectiveantibiotics.C.Theoutdatedfarmtechnology.D.Theneedformorevariousfoods.9.WhatdomostpeoplewanttodofirstwhentheygetridofpovertyaccordingtotheWHO?A.Makingalotofmoney.B.Focusingmoreonhealth.C.Havingmoremeatintheirdiet.D.Livinginabetterenvironment.10.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thenegativeeffectofantibioticsonfarmanimals.B.Theadvantagesofusingantibiotics.C.Thereasonforbanningtheuseofantibiotics.D.Anewwayofraisingfarmanimals.【答案】8.D9.C10.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲的是过度使用抗生素对农场动物的负面影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Anewstudyhasfoundtheamountofantibiotics(抗生素)giventofarmanimalsisexpectedtoincreasebytwothirdsoverthenext15years.Researchersarelinkingthegrowingdependenceonthedrugstotheincreasingneedformeat,milkandeggs.”（一项新的研究发现，在未来15年内，农场动物服用的抗生素数量预计将增加三分之二。研究人员正在将日益增长的对药物的依赖与日益增长的对肉类、牛奶和鸡蛋的需求联系起来。）可知，研究人员认为，由于人们对肉类、牛奶和鸡蛋等食品的需求增加了，导致了农场动物服用的抗生素数量增加了，由此可知，是“人们对更多种类的食物的需求”导致农场动物服用的抗生素数量增加了。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)noteswhenpeoplestoplivinginpoverty(贫困),thefirstthingtheywanttodoiseatbetter,ratherthanearnmoremoney.Formostpeople,thatmeanstheirdietshouldcontainmoremeat.”（世界卫生组织指出，当人们不再生活在贫困中时，他们想做的第一件事就是吃得更好，而不是挣更多的钱。对大多数人来说，这意味着他们的饮食应该含有更多的肉类。）可知，世界卫生组织指出，当人们摆脱贫困之后，他们想做的第一件事就是吃得更好，这意味着他们的饮食应该含有更多的肉类，由此可知，根据世界卫生组织，大多数人在摆脱贫困时首先想做的是在他们的饮食中有更多的肉。故选C项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第四段关键句“Theheavyuseofantibioticsinfarmanimalsisresponsibleforthegrowthofantibioticresistanceworldwide.”（农场动物大量使用抗生素是全世界抗生素耐药性增长的原因。）可知，本文主要介绍了随着经济发展，人类对肉类等食物的需求增加，导致农场动物服用的抗生素数量增加，而给农场动物过度使用抗生素会造成许多负面影响，例如会导致抗生素耐药性增长，由此可知，本文主要讲的是抗生素对农场动物的负面影响。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.___11___.However,inthunderstorms,lightningcanstrikepeopleandbuildingsandisverydangerous.Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatree.Hediedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.___12___.Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?Scientistssaythataperson’schancesofbeingstruckbylightningare1in600,000.___13___.Ifyouareindoorsduringathunderstorm:·Stayawayfromanythingthatismetalbecauselightningcancomeintothehousethroughit.·Don’tstandnearthewindows.·Don’ttakeashowerorbath.Lightningcantravelthroughwater.·Neverusethephone.___14___.Ifyouarecaughtinathunderstormoutdoors:·___15___.Ifthere’snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.·Donotgounderatreebecausethelightningcouldhitthetreeandtravelthroughthetreetohityou.·Neveruseacellphone.A.Actually,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyearB.TrytogethomeassoonaspossibleC.Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon’ttakethemseriouslyD.GointoanearbybuildingorcarrightawayE.LightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityouF.ButitisveryimportantforustolearnaboutlightningG.Fortunately,youcanreducethosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrules【答案】11.C12.A13.G14.E15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何避免遭受雷击的一些安全措施。【11题详解】根据上文“Inthespringandsummermonths,thunderstormsarecommon.”（在春季和夏季，雷暴是很常见的。）可知，空处与上文形成因果关系，既然经常会发生雷雨，人们可能不会认真对待这件事。C项：Sincetheyhappenoften,somepeopledon’ttakethemseriously（因为它们经常发生，所以有些人不把它们当回事）符合语境。故选C。【12题详解】根据上文“Itwasreportedthatamanwasstruckbylightningwhenhewasmakingaphonecallunderatree.Hediedatonce.Youmaynotknowit,butnearly1,800thunderstormsarehappeningatanymomentaroundtheworld.”（据报道，一个男人在树下打电话时被闪电击中。他立刻死了。你可能不知道，世界各地每时每刻都有近1800场雷暴发生。任何人。）可知，每年都会有人死于雷击。A项：Actually,manypeoplearekilledbylightningeveryyear（事实上，每年都有很多人死于雷击）符合语境。故选A。【13题详解】根据上文“Sowhatshouldyoudoduringalightningstorm?”（那么在雷暴中你应该做什么呢？）可知，此处表示有应对的方法。G项：Fortunately,youcanreducethosechancesbyfollowingthesesafetyrules（幸运的是，你可以通过遵循这些安全规则来减少这样的机会。）符合语境。故选G。【14题详解】根据上文“Neverusethephone.”（千万不要用电话。）可知，空处和“phone”有关。E项：Lightningcouldtravelthroughthephonelineandhityou（闪电可以穿过电话线打到你）符合语境。故选E。【15题详解】根据下文“Ifthere’snobuildingaround,trytofindalowplacetostayin.”（如果周围没有建筑，试着找一个低的地方待着）可知，下文提到了没有建筑的情况，由此推知空处应提到周围有建筑的情况。“building”是关键词。D项：Gointoanearbybuildingorcarrightaway（立即进入附近的建筑物或汽车）符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A10-year-oldAmericangirl,SelahSchneiterspentfivedaysclimbingElCapitanwiththehelpofherfatherandafamilyfriendandreachedthetopofthesheerrockonJune12,2019.It___16___takesskilledclimbersfourorfivedaystocomplete.Shemayhavebeen____17____theyoungestpersontoclimboneofthemost___18___peaksintheworld.Reachingthetop“wasreally___19___,”Selahsaid.“Iwasalsokindofsadbecauseitwasover,”she___20___.Selahhasbeenclimbingsinceshecould___21___andhadbeenaskingherparentsforyearstoclimbElCapitan.Andshespentninemonthspreparing___22___andmentally.“Ourbigmottowas‘Howdoyoueatanelephant?’‘Small___23___,’”saidSelah.Andtheonlythingshefearedwasthepossibilityofabig___24___becauseitwouldmean“havingtogodown”.Hermotherstayedhomeandreceiveddaily____25____aboutprogressinEICapitan.Sheknewherhusbandwouldturnbackiftherewereanysafety____26____.“Iwasworriedshewould____27____seriousinjury,”shesaid.“ButbydayfourIknewtheywould____28____.I’mjustreally____29____ofher.Her____30____astonishedme.”16.A.merely B.typically C.entirely D.originally17.A.elected B.chosen C.confirmed D.ensured18.A.challenging B.appealing C.endangered D.horrible19.A.embarrassing B.thrilling C.amusing D.annoying20.A.repeated B.explained C.added D.reported21.A.speak B.write C.remember D.count22.A.busily B.carefully C.hurriedly D.physically23.A.steps B.mouths C.spoons D.bites24.A.wildfire B.storm C.drought D.flood25.A.newspapers B.donations C.updates D.treatment26.A.concerns B.checks C.records D.equipment27.A.treat B.repair C.avoid D.risk28.A.pass B.fail C.finish D.end29.A.ashamed B.afraid C.fond D.proud30.A.intelligence B.ambition C.perseverance D.contribution【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.B20.C21.C22.D23.D24.B25.C26.A27.D28.C29.D30.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个10岁小女孩成功登顶世界最高峰之一的故事。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个熟练的登山者通常要花费4到5天才能完成。A.merely仅仅、只不过；B.typically通常地、典型地；C.entirely完全地；D.originally原始地。根据前文“A10-year-oldAmericangirl,SelahSchneiterspentfivedaysclimbingElCapitanwiththehelpofherfatherandafamilyfriendandreachedthetopofthesheerrockonJune12,2019.”可知一个10岁的小女孩只用了5天就完成了登顶，这与熟练登山者通常要花费4到5天行程了对比，结合选项，故选B项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她可能被证实是攀登世界上最具挑战性的山峰之一的最年轻的人。A.elected选举；B.chosen选择；C.confirmed证实；D.ensured使确信。根据前文这个10岁的小女孩只用了5天就完成一个熟练登山者4到5天才能完成的任务，这是一个非常令人震惊的成绩，她可能被证实是攀登世界上最具挑战性的山峰之一的最年轻的人。故选C项。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她可能是攀登世界上最具挑战性的山峰之一的最年轻的人。A.challenging具有挑战性的；B.appealing吸引人的；C.endangered濒危的；D.horrible可怕的。根据下文“Andshespentninemonthspreparing___7___andmentally.”可知Selah为了这次登山很早就开始做准备，可知这座山并不是很好爬的，很有挑战性。故选A项。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Selah说：爬到顶峰真的很令人激动。A.embarrassing令人尴尬的；B.thrilling令人激动的；C.amusing有趣的、好玩的；D.annoying令人厌烦的。根据下文“Selahhasbeenclimbingsinceshecould___6___andhadbeenaskingherparentsforyearstoclimbElCapitan.Andshespentninemonthspreparing___7___andmentally.”的可知Selah很早就开始为这次登山做准备，付出了很多努力，所以当她成功登顶时，心情应该激动和兴奋的，结合选项，故选B项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充道：我也有点伤心，因为登山就这样结束了。A.repeated重复；B.explained解释；C.added增加、补充说；D.reported报道。根据上文“Reachingthetop“wasreally___4___,”Selahsaid.”可知Selah先说到达山顶令人很激动，““Iwasalsokindofsadbecauseitwasover,””这句是她补充另外一句，结合选项，故选C项。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从Selah开始记事起，她就开始爬山。A.speak说；B.write写；C.remember记得；D.count数数。根据下文“hadbeenaskingherparentsforyearstoclimbElCapitan一直央求她的父母要去爬ElCapitan.”可知小女孩已经懂事了，知道自己要做的事情是什么，自从Selah开始记事起，她就开始爬山。故选C项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她花费9个月的时间进行身体和心理上的准备。A.busily忙碌地；B.carefully仔细地；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.physically身体上地。根据空格后“andmentally.”可知空格处所的词与mentally（精神上地）是并列关系，故选D项。.【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Selah.说：“小口咬，”A.steps脚步、步骤；B.mouths嘴巴；C.spoons勺子；D.bites咬、一口。根据前文“Ourbigmottowas‘Howdoyoueatanelephant?’”我们的格言是“如何吃掉一个大象”，这里指如何实现一个巨大的目标，Selah.说“小口咬”指的是完成大目标先从小处着手，eat与bite相呼应，故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她唯一担心的事情是可能遇见大风暴，因为这意味着着她不得不下山。A.wildfire野火；B.storm风暴；C.drought干旱；D.flood洪水。根据常识可知，爬上可能会遇到大风暴。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲待在家里，关注着每日有关登EICapitan进展的消息。A.newspapers报纸；B.donations捐赠；C.updates更新D.treatment对待、治疗。根据下文“Iwasworriedshewould___12___seriousinjury,”shesaid.“ButbydayfourIknewtheywould___1”可知母亲在家非常担心，时刻关注着最新消息，故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她知道如果有任何安全方面的顾虑，她丈夫就会回来的。A.concerns担忧；B.checks支票；C.records记录、唱片；D.equipment设备。根据Sheknewherhusbandwouldturnback可知，她知道如果有任何安全方面的顾虑，她丈夫就会回来的。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我担心她有受重伤的风险。A.treat对待、治疗；B.repair修理；C.avoid避免；D.risk冒险。根据下文“ButbydayfourIknewtheywould___13___.”中的But（表示转折或跟前文意思相反）可知，作者母亲担心她有受重伤的风险。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是第四天的时候，我知道他们完成了目标。A.pass通过；B.fail失败；C.finish完成D.end结束。根据前文所叙述的10岁小女孩成功登顶世界最高峰之一可知，他们完成了目标。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我真的为她而感到骄傲。A.shamed害羞的；B.afraid害怕的；C.fond喜欢的；D.proud骄傲的。根据文章描述的10岁小女孩成功登顶世界最高峰之一的这件事以及她的母亲由担心到见证女儿的成功，可知母亲对女儿感到骄傲，故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的坚持不懈让我感到吃惊。A.intelligence机智；B.ambition雄心；C.perseverance坚持不懈D.contribution贡献。根据前文“SelahSchneiterspentfivedaysclimbingElCapitan”和“Selahhasbeenclimbingsinceshecould___6___andhadbeenaskingherparentsforyearstoclimbElCapitan.Andshespentninemonthspreparing___7___andmentally.”可知这个小女孩在进行了长期充分的准备之后，最终又花费5天的时间才爬到了山顶，这是一种持之以恒、坚持不懈的精神，故选C项。第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。AdayinthecloudsToobserveTibetanantelopes,wecametoTibet.Therewemadeout___31___herdofgracefulanimalsandwerestruckbytheirbeauty.Iwas___32___(remind)ofthedangertheyarein.Theyarebeinghunted___33___(illegal)fortheirvaluablefur.Toprotectthem,theChangtangNationalNatureReservewassetup,___34___isashelterforanimalsandplants.In1980sand1990s,thepopulationdroppedbadlybecauseofbeingshottomakeprofitsandthelossof___35___(they)habitats.Inordertopreventthisspeciesfrom___36___(extinct),theChinesegovernmenttookeffective___37___(measure)toplaceitundernationalprotection.Itspopulationhasrecoveredanditwasremovedfromthe___38___(endanger)specieslist.However,thegovernmentdidn’tintend___39___(give)uptheprotectionprogrammes.Tosavewildlife,weshouldlearntoexist___40___harmonywithnature.【答案】31.a32.reminded33.illegally34which35.their36.extinction37.measures38.endangered39.togive40.in【解析】【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了优雅美丽藏羚羊正面临着非法捕猎的危险以及政府采取积极的保护措施，号召人们与大自然和谐相处。【31题详解】考查冠词。句意：在那里我们看到一群优雅的动物，被它们的美丽所震撼。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语aherdof“一群”。故填a。【32题详解】考查被动语态。句意：我想起了他们所处的危险。主语I和remind之间为被动关系，故用过去分词和was一起构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填reminded。【33题详解】考查副词。句意：他们因珍贵的毛皮而被非法猎杀。修饰动词hunted应用副词。故填illegally。【34题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：为了保护它们，长滩国家自然保护区成立了，这是一个动物和植物的庇护所。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词theChangtangNationalNatureReserve，指物，关系词代替它在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【35题详解】考查代词。句意：在20世纪80年代和90年代，由于被枪杀牟利和栖息地的丧失，它们的数量急剧下降。修饰名词habitat应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：为了防止该物种灭绝，中国政府采取了有效措施使它得到保护。位于介词from后应用所给词的名词形式作宾语。故填extinction。【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：为了防止该物种灭绝，中国政府采取了有效措施使它得到保护。结合句意可知，此处为固定表达takemeasurestodosth.“采取措施做某事”。故填measures。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：它们的数量已经恢复，并且被移出了濒临灭绝物种的名单。修饰名词species表示“濒临灭绝的”应用形容词endangered，作定语。故填endangered。【39题详解】考查不定式。句意：然而，政府并没有打算放弃保护项目。此处为固定短语intendtodosth.“打算做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填togive。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：为了保护野生动物，我们应该学会与自然和谐相处。此处为固定短语inharmonywith“与和谐相处”。故填in。【点睛】第四部分完成句子（每题0.5分，满分15分）41.Therecomesatimewhentheoldmust________________________thenew,anditisnotpossibleto________everythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。【答案】①.give②.way③.to④.preserve【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和动词。根据中英文提示可知，前三空涉及固定短语givewayto“给让路”，情态动词must后接动词原形；第四空表达“保存”应用动词preserve，根据itis+adj.+todosth.可知，to为不定式符号，其后接动词原形。故填give；way；to；preserve。42.Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnot________________therelicsofthepast,buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性【答案】①.run②.over【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。根据中英文提示可知，空处涉及固定短语runover“碾过，轧过”，此处引申为“牺牲”，助动词did后接动词原形。故填run；over。43.By________somanydigitalphotosovertheInternet,thegrouphopesto________evenwiderinterestaroundtheworldinChina’s________history,culture,andtraditions.这些科学家和研究者在网络上分享了大量(有关莫高窟的)电子照片，希望在世界范围内促使人们对中国古代历史和文化习俗产生更广泛的兴趣。【答案】①.sharing②.promote③.ancient【解析】【详解】考查动名词，动词和形容词。根据中英文提示可知，第一空表达“分享”用动词share，位于介词by后，应用其动名词形式；第二空表达“促进，促使”用动词promote，根据hopetodosth.可知，to为不定式符号，其后接动词原形；第三空表达“古代的”用形容词ancient。故填sharing；promote；ancient。44.AcyberbullyusestheInternetto________________________others.网络恶霸使用互联网来欺负别人【答案】①.be②.mean③.to【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。根据中英文提示可知，空处涉及固定短语bemeanto“有意”，空前to为不定式符号，其后接动词原形。故填be；mean；to。45.Thegovernment,however,doesnotintendtostopthe________programmessincethe________totheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.然而，政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。【答案】①.protection②.threats【解析】【详解】考查名词。根据中英文提示可知，第一空表达“保护”用名词protection，作定语修饰programmes；第二空表达“威胁”用可数名词threat，为从句主语，根据助动词have可知主语为复数。故填protection；threats。46.Onlywhenwelearntoexist________________________naturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生动物和地球的威胁。【答案】①.in②.harmony③.with【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意“和谐共处”可知，设空处涉及固定短语“inharmonywith…”，意为“与……协调”，句中指“和大自然和谐共处”，符合句意。故填inharmonywith。47.Atage50,shefoundherself________________________andstuckathomewithonlyhercomputertokeepher________.50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。【答案】①.out②.of③.work④.company【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。根据中英文提示可知，前三空出涉及固定短语outofwork“失业”，为介词短语作宾补；第四空处表达“陪伴”用名词company，keepsb.company“陪伴某人”。故填out；of；work；company。48.She________thatoneofthegreatest________oftheInternetwasitsabilitytoremovethe________thatusuallyexistsbetweenpeople.她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除通常存在于人和人之间的距离感。【答案】①.realized②.benefits③.distance【解析】【详解】考查动词、时态和名词。根据中英文提示可知，第一空表达“意识到”用动词realize，为主句谓语动词，结合语境和下文的was判断为一般过去时；第二空表达“好处”用可数名词benefit，根据“oneof+名词复数”可知，此处应用其复数形式；第三空表达“距离”用名词distance，不可数，作remove的宾语。故填realized；benefits；distance。49.Shewasso________bythepeopleshemetonlinethatshedecidedtostartanITclubtoteacholderpeople________tousecomputersandtheInternet.她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。【答案】①.inspired②.how【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语和特殊疑问词。分析句子可知，句子为“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句，根据句意“受到……的启发”可知，句中涉及固定短语“beinspiredby...”空格一处应用单词“inspired”；空格二处涉及“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，根据句意可知，空格二处应用疑问副词“how”，意为“如何”。故填inspired;how。50.Shebelievesthatitis________importanttobridgethedigitaldivideandmakesurethateveryone________________________theInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology.她认为，消除数字鸿沟、确保每人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术，是非常重要的。【答案】①.highly②.has③.access④.to【解析】【分析】【详解】考查副词、固定短语和时态。根据句意“非常”可知，空格一处应用单词“highly”，意为“很，非常”，副词词性，在句中作状语，修饰“important”；根据句意“使用”可知，句中涉及固定短语“haveaccessto…”，意为“使用……”，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“everyone”与“has”连用，故应用“hasaccessto”。故填highly;hasaccessto。第五部分书面表达（共两节，满分30分）第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)51.假定你是李华。你校下周将举办一次英语歌唱大赛，现急需一名英语主持人。请你给你的美国籍同学Jack写封信，鼓励他担任大赛主持人。内容如下：1.写信目的；2.大赛时间；3.他的优势。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Howiseverythinggoing?I’mdelightedtotellyouthatanEnglishsingingcompetitionwilltakeplaceinourschoolhallnextweekandahostisinurgentneed.I’dliketoinviteyoutobeourhost.Herearesomedetailsaboutit.Thecompetition