北师大版高中英语必修二：Unit5 Rhythm-语法篇（学生版）

Unit5Rhythm语法篇

1、状语从句(I)一时间和让步

2、状语从句(II)一原因，结果和目的

在复合句中修饰主句或主句中的某一部分作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句通常由从属连词

或起连词作用的词组引导。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结

果、条件、方式、比较、让步九类。

——,时间状语从句：主要由when,whenever,after,before,as,(ever)since,assoonas,(not)until,while,

immediately,themoment等连词引导。

1.when,while,as(当…时)的用法区别

①当主句谓语动词表示短暂动作，从句中的谓语动词有持续性特征时，这三者可以互换。

例：Igotthenewsontheradiowhen/whileas/1washavingbreakfast.

②当主，从句的谓语动词都表示非持续性动作，而且两个动作几乎同时发生时，不用while,可用

when和as。

例：Imetas/whenIwasgettingoffthebus.

③当从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前，只能用when引导从句，不可用as或while。

例：Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.

④当主句谓语动词是bedoing/beabouttodo/haddone时只能用when,when在此时相当于andatthat

moment就在那时。

例：TheywerewatchingtheWorldCupwhensuddenlythelightswentout.

⑤当主、从句的动作同时发生时，或表示对比关系，用while。

例：ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,whileinfact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.

⑥as表示“随着”

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例：Astimegoeson,ifsgettingwarmerandwarmer.

2.表示“一…就...”的结构

Hardly/scarcely...when,nosooner...than和assoonas

例：Ihadhardly/scarcelygothome,whenitbegantorain.

Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.

AssoonasIgothome,itbegantorain.

注意：如果hardly,scarcely或nosooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。

例：Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.

3.比较until和till

①until/till用于肯定句时，表示“直到...为止”，主句必须为持续性动词。

例：Weshallwaituntil/tillhecomes.

②notuntil/till表示“直到…才”，主句通常要用短暂性动词，这时until和till可用before代替。

修？］：Ididn5tleaveuntil/till/beforeshecameback.

③当notuntil位于句首时，主句中的主语，谓语要使用倒装语序。

例：NotuntilshestoppedcryingdidIleave.

注意：until引导的从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，但till从句一般不放在句首。

4.名词词组引导的时间状语从句,如：everytime（每次），thenexttime（下次），themoment（一…

就），theinstant（一…就），thesecond（一…就），theday（那天）等。

Ididn'thaveapennythelasttimeIsawyou.

5.since和before的用法比较：两者均可用于“It+be...+since/before+从句”的句型。区别是since

表”自从...以来”,其结构是：Itis/hasbeensometimesincesb.didsth.;Itwassometimesincesb.had

donesth.o而before的含义是“过了多久才结构是：Itwillbesometimebeforesb.do（es）sth.;It

was/hadbeensometimebeforesb.didsth.。

例：Itisthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.

二，让步状语从句

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让步状语从句表示在某种相反的条件下，主句中的情况依然会出现。让步状语从句由although,though,

as,while,however,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,whenever,wherever,whether...or...,no

matter(who,what,etc),evenif,eventhough等词或短语引导。

①although/though这两个词意思是一样，都意为“虽然，尽管“。although比though正式。although,though

不能与but连用，但是可以与yet,still,nevertheless连用。而while突出主句和从句的对比。

例：Although/Thoughheblamesme,yetIwilltrusthim.

②evenif,eventhough这两个词语气比though,although强，意为“即使”，两者可以通用。

例：Wewon'tbediscouragedevenif/thoughwefailtentimes.

③however,whatever,whenever,wherever相当于nomatter(how,what,when,where,etc),这几个词弓I导

的让步状语从句语气十分强烈。

Nomatterhowbusyhewas,hestudiedEnglisheveryday.

④连词as同though一样，也可以引导让步状语从句，但从句中要用特殊语序。

例：Childrenasheis,heknowsalot.

三，原因状语从句

原因状语从句是表示原因和理由的从句。引导原因状语从句的有as,because,since,now(that),

consideringthat,seeingthat等。

①because,since,as,for的区别

because语气最强，表示产生某结果的直接原因，一般置于主句之后，也可以放在主句之前，用逗号

隔开，在回答why引导的特殊疑问句时，只能用because。

例：Youshouldn'tgetangryonlybecausesomepeoplespeakillofyou.

since往往表示的是已知的客观事实，或分析后的推理，引导的从句大多置于句首，语气比because

弱。

例：Sinceyou'renotinterested,Iwon'ttellyouaboutit.

as表示的理由最弱，只是对主句的附带说明，重点在主句。as从句通常放在主句前。

例：Asyouareunabletoanswer,perhapsweshouldasksomeoneelse.

for是并列连词，只用于连接表示原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。

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Thedaybreaks,forthebirdsaresinging.

注意：because不能与so连用

②now（that）（既然，因为），consideringthat,seeingthat（鉴于...的事实，考虑到…），inthat（在于,

由于）

例：Now（that）dinnerisready,goandwashyourhands.

四，目的状语从句

目的状语从句是表示行为目的的从句。引导目的状语从句的主要连词有sothat,inorderthat,incase,

forfearthat等。

①inorderthat与sothat表示“为了，以便，”一般放在主句之后，inorderthat也可放在句首。从句

中常常使用一些情态动词，如can,could,may,might,should等。

例：Iwillspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstand.

注意：当主从句的主语一致时，sothat和inorderthat引导的目的状语从句可以转换成相对应的动词

不定式结构。

例：Wegotupearlysothatwewouldarriveintime.=Wegotupearlysoastoarriveintime.

②incase,forfearthat都表示“以免，以防，唯恐”，含有否定意义。

Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.

五，结果状语从句

结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句。引导结果状语从句的连词有：sothat,so...that,such...that等。

结果状语从句经常至于主句之后。

1.sothat,suchthato其中sothat最为常用，so或that常用于口语或非正式文体中；suchthat可以连

用，意思是“如此...以至于"。

例：Whathashappenedthatyoulooksoworried?

2.so…that如此…以至于…。其引导的结果状语从句有如下四种结构：

①so+形容词/副词+that从句

例：Thevillageissosmallthatitcannotbeshowninthemap.

②so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句

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例：Itwassohotadaythattheyallwentswimming.

③so+many/ffew+复数名词+that从句

例：IhavehadsomanyfallsthatI'mblackandblueallover.

@so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句

例：IhadsolittlemoneythenthatIcouldn'tevenaffordausedcar.

3.such...that如此…以至于…。其引导的结果状语从句有以下三种结构：

①such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句

Jennyissuchaclevergirlthatallofuslikeherverymuch.

②such+形容词+复数名词+that从句

Hemadesuchrapidprogressthattheteacherpraisedhim.

提示：“such+a/an+形容词+单数名词”结构，可以和“so+形容词+a/an+单数名词”结构互换。

例：Hetoldussuchafunnystorythatwealllaughed.=Hetoldussofunnyastorythatwealllaughed.

注意：有些时间，地点，条件，方式或让步等状语从句中，如果谓语含有be,主语又和主句中的主

语一致，或者主语是it,常把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分（特别是be）省略掉。

例1.Ifsmucheasiertomakefriendsyouhavesimilarinterests.

A.unless

B.when

C.eventhough

D.sothat

例2.small,thecompanyhasabout1.000buyersinover30countries.

A.As

B.If

C.Although

D.Once

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例3.Thepoliceofficersinmycityworkhardtherestofuscanliveasafelife.

A.incase

B.asif

C.inorderthat

D.onlyif

区U4.Afterayear,doctorsdiagnosedhimwithadiseasesorareitaffectsjustonein8million

children.

A.after

B.that

C.as

D.since

例5.(2019北京石景山高三第一学期期末)一Areyoufreenow?Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellyou.

一OK,youmakeitshort.Youknow,Iambusy.

A.nowthat

B.assoonas

C.everytime

D.aslongas

基础演练

一，选词填空。

1.Itwas(notuntil/until)midnightthathewentbackhomeaftertheexperiment.

2.You'dbettertakedownallthekeypoints(unless/while)thememoryisstillfreshinyour

mind.

3.Howcanyouexpecttomakeprogress(befbre/when)youneverlisteninclass?

4.Hesmiledpolitely(asif/though)Maryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.

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5.Ihadhardlygottotheoffice(when/while)mywifephonedmetogobackhomeat

once.

6.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears(as/before)itispossibletotestthismedicineon

humanpatients.

7.(While/Once/Until)IalwaysfeltIwouldpasstheexam,IneverthoughtIwouldgetanA.

8.Hot(as/whatever)thenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelong

journey.

9.(Since/Although/Because)hepromisedthathewouldn'tbelate,hedidn'tarriveuntilthe

endoftheparty.

10.—Don'tyouthinkthenewjobisarealchallengefbrJack?

—Well,(whichever/whatever)difficultieshemeets,Ibelievehewillneverloseheart.

巩固提高

二，单项选择。

1.One'slifehasvalueonebringsvaluetothelifeofothers.

A.sothatB.nomatterhow

C.aslongasD.expectthat

2.(2019北京东城高三一模)You'dbetterpreparesomecandlesathomethepowerfails.

inwinter.

A.EventhoughB.incase

C.aslongasD.inorderthat

3.(2019北京东城高三二模)youknowhimwell,youwillfindhimeasytobearoundand

thoughtful.

A.HoweverB.ThoughC.OnceD.Before

4.(2019北京通州高三二模)Theresultsofthevotingwillremainsecrettheyareannounced

nextWednesday.

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A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.when

5.(2019W匕京通州高三——模)youstarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecome

mucheasier.

A.UnlessB.AlthoughC.BeforeD.Once

一，单项选择。

1.ThenumberofpeoplewhoEnglishasaforeignlanguagemorethan750million.

A.learns;isB.learn;areC.learns;areD.learn;is

2.Hikingisgreatfun.Youwillgetclosetonatureandtakeexerciseatthesametime.

A.a;theB.a;不填C.不填；theD.不填；不填

3.Thereasonhecouldnotgotherewashisgradesweretoolow.

A.why;becauseB.why;thatC.forwhich;whichD.forwhich;不填

4.Allthevillagersthefightagainstthebigflood,youngandold,menand

women.

A.joined;includingB.joinedin;containing

C.joinedin;includingD.joined;containing

5.Whenyoufinish,pleaseputthebookbackitwas.

A.whereB.atwhichC.theplaceD.theplacethat

6.Musicisjustsound,itisawayofthinking.

A.morethanB.nomorethanC.onlyD.notmorethan

7.Heinvitedmetotakepartinthefootballgame,butIwatchit.

A.wouldrathertoB.wouldratherC.wouldpreferD.hadbetter

8.Afteralongtripina(n)country,you511findyourgreatlyimproved.

A.English-speaking;spokenEnglishB.spokenEnglish;English-speaking

C.speaking-English;spokenEnglishD.spokenEnglish;speaking-English

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9.Thereusedtobenodeerintheforest,butnowtheyarevery

init.

A.alive;commonB.living;usualC.live;ordinaryD.living;common

10.Heisreallyconsideringhimselftothesechildrenofthepoormountain

village.

A.todevote;educatingB.devoting;educating

C.devoting;educateD.todevote;educate

11.------Tomorrow,lefshaveaswimfirstandthengofishing.

-----------------------.Tilcallforyouatyourhouseat9a.m.

A.Well,itdependsB.Thafsagoodpoint

C.Well,Idon'tknowD.FmafraidIdon'tagree

12.Hedoesn'tneedtobepresent,?

A.doesheB.needsheC.mustheD.needhe

13.hesays,Iwon'tbelievehimsinceIknowheisabigliar.

A.NomatterwhatB.whateverC.WhatD.BothAandB

14.Cellphonesmakepossibleforustotalktofromanywhere.

A.that;anybodyB.it;anyoneC.which;anyoneD.this;everyone

15.ManylargeRussiancities,suchasChelybinskandIrkutsk,havetakentoprotecttheir

culture.

A.measureB.stepsC.behaviorD.act

一，完形填空。

Praisescanreallyhelpothersseethemselvesfortheirnaturalabilitiesandbelieveinwhattheyareand

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whattheycanbecome.46,wemustbeverycarefulwiththelabels（称号）,ortheycanbackfire（产生反

作用）onus.Ifapersonis47identified（被等同于）withthesamelabel,hemay_48tobelievethat

heonlyhasworthashelivesuptothatlabel.Asoftenaspossibleweshouldpraisespecific（具体的）

actions,49thewordsneverandalways.Inthiswaywedon'ttieapersontoo50withalabel.Here

aresomeexamples:

"Pm51thatyoualreadyhaveyourhomeworkdone.Doesn'titmakeyoufeelgoodwhenyouwork

so52?”Ratherthan"Youalwaysgetyourhomeworkdoneontime.Youareso53thatyounever

haveanyproblemswithit,"whichgiveshiman54goaltoreach.Noonealwaysgetshishomework

doneontimewithoutany55.

"Thatwassoniceofyouto56yourballwithyourlittlebrother.Youreallymadehimhappy."

Ratherthan"Youalwaysshareyour57.Youarethemostthoughtful（体贝占人的）personIknow."No

onealwaysshares,58doeshehaveto.We59toknowwearestillgoodpeople,60wedon't

share100%ofthetimeandevenwhenwehavetimeswedon't61helpingothers.

"Thankyoufordoingthedishestonight,eventhoughitwasn*tyour62.Itmeanssomuchthatyou

woulddothemforme."Ratherthan"Youarealways63.Youneverletanyone_64_whentheyneed

65Noonecanalwaysbeallthingstoallpeople.Ifwegivethatkindofreputation（名誉）toliveupto,

wearesettingupsomeonetofail.

1.A.ThusB.BesidesC.ThereforeD.However

2.A.occasionallyB.continuallyC.graduallyD.definitely

3.A.haveB.objectC.comeD.cause

4.A.avoidingB.usingC.forgettingD.remembering

5.A.attentivelyB.carefullyC.excitedlyD.closely

6.A.impressedB.puzzledC.honoredD.dissatisfied

7.