2020年成人高考高起专英语词汇辨析训练

2020年成人高考高起专英语词汇辨析训练1.Choosethewordthatbestcompletesthesentence:"Sheis______inlearningnewlanguages."A.interestedB.interestC.interestsD.interesting【答案】A【解析】正确答案为A。"interested"是形容词，意为"感兴趣的"，修饰人；"interest"是名词或动词；"interests"是动词第三人称单数形式；"interesting"是形容词，意为"有趣的"，修饰事物。句意为"她对学习新语言很感兴趣"，修饰主语she，应用interested。2.Thecompanyislookingforsomeonewithexperiencein______marketing.A.sellB.sellingC.sellsD.sold【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。"experiencein+动名词"是固定搭配，表示"在某方面有经验"，故用selling。sell是动词原形；sells是动词第三人称单数；sold是过去式或过去分词。3.Choosethewordwithadifferentmeaning:A.abandonB.continueC.pauseD.stop【答案】C【解析】正确答案为C。"abandon"意为"放弃"；"continue"意为"继续"；"pause"意为"暂停"；"stop"意为"停止"。continue、abandon、stop都有"停止"相关含义，但pause指短暂中断，与其他词语义差异最大。4.Selectthecorrectformoftheverb:"IfI______you,Iwouldapologize."A.amB.beC.wereD.are【答案】C【解析】正确答案为C。虚拟语气中，if从句用过去式（be动词用were），主句用would+动词原形。句意为"如果我是你，我会道歉"，表示与事实相反的假设。5.Thebook______onthetablebelongstomybrother.A.lyingB.layC.laidD.lies【答案】D【解析】正确答案为D。"lie"是不及物动词，意为"躺"；"lay"是及物动词的过去式，意为"放置"。现在分词lying表状态，谓语应为第三人称单数lies，表示书目前的状态。6.Choosethecorrectidiom:"Heisalwayslate,sowehaveto______ourplans."A.changeforB.changeonC.changearoundD.changewith【答案】C【解析】正确答案为C。"changeplansaround"是固定搭配，意为"调整计划"。changefor、changeon、changewith没有此用法。7.Selectthebestsynonymfor"persistent":A.strongB.determinedC.weakD.lazy【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。"persistent"意为"坚持不懈的"；"determined"意为"坚定的"；"strong"意为"强壮的"；"weak"意为"弱的"；"lazy"意为"懒惰的"。determined与persistent语义最接近。8.Choosethecorrectarticle:"______waterisessentialforlife."A.aB.anC.theD./(noarticle)【答案】D【解析】正确答案为D。"water"作为物质名词，表示泛指时不用冠词。若表示特定水，如"thewaterinthebottle"，则用the。9.Selectthecorrectpreposition:"Sheisfamous______hersingingcareer."A.forB.withC.atD.about【答案】A【解析】正确答案为A。"befamousfor"是固定搭配，表示"因...而著名"。with、at、about无此用法。10.Choosethecorrectform:"Thisisthe______bookIhaveeverread."A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.mostinterestingD.interestingest【答案】C【解析】正确答案为C。最高级前需加定冠词the，比较范围是"everread"，用erestingest不是正确形式。11.Selectthecorrectconjunction:"Iwanttostudy,______Idon'thavetime."A.andB.butC.orD.so【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。"but"表示转折关系，意为"但是"。and表示并列；or表示选择；so表示因果。12.Choosethecorrectwordorder:"______tothestore,Isawanaccident."A.GoB.GoingC.GoneD.Went【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。现在分词going作状语，表示伴随动作。动词原形go、过去式went、过去分词gone均不符合语法。13.Selectthecorrectform:"Sheis______tofinishtheprojectbyFriday."A.enoughB.enoughofC.enoughwithD.enougha【答案】A【解析】正确答案为A。"beenoughtodo"是固定结构，意为"足以做某事"。enough修饰形容词时需放在其前。14.Choosethewordwithadifferentmeaning:A.occurB.happenC.takeplaceD.prevent【答案】D【解析】正确答案为D。"occur"、"happen"、"takeplace"都意为"发生"；"prevent"意为"阻止"。prevent与其他词语义相反。15.Selectthecorrectverbform:"Ifit______tomorrow,wewillcancelthetrip."A.rainsB.rainC.willrainD.israining【答案】A【解析】正确答案为A。真实条件句中，if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。句意为"如果明天下雨，我们将取消旅行"。16.Choosethecorrectword:"Thismedicinewill______thepain."A.relieveB.relievefromC.relievingD.relieved【答案】A【解析】正确答案为A。"relieve"意为"缓解"；"relievefrom"意为"从...中缓解"。relieve是及物动词，直接接宾语。relieving是动名词；relieved是过去分词。17.Selectthecorrectidiom:"Hetriedtofixthecar,______itwastoodamaged."A.howeverB.neverthelessC.althoughD.moreover【答案】C【解析】正确答案为C。"although"意为"尽管"，引导让步状语从句。however表示转折；nevertheless意为"尽管如此"；moreover表示递进。18.Choosethecorrectwordorder:"______sheistired,shecontinuesworking."A.BecauseB.DespiteC.AlthoughD.So【答案】C【解析】正确答案为C。"although"引导让步状语从句，前后部分主谓不倒装。because表示原因；so表示结果；despite后需加名词或动名词。19.Selectthebestsynonymfor"sensitive":A.carefulB.emotionalC.smartD.rough【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。"sensitive"意为"敏感的"；"emotional"意为"情绪化的"；"careful"意为"小心的"；"smart"意为"聪明的"；"rough"意为"粗糙的"。emotional与sensitive语义最接近。20.Choosethecorrectarticle:"______applesaresweet."A.AnB.AC.TheD./【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。"apple"是可数名词单数，泛指时用不定冠词a。an用于元音发音开头的词；the表示特指；/表示泛指物质。21.Selectthecorrectprepositionalphrase:"Sheisgood______mathematics."A.atB.onC.inD.for【答案】C【解析】正确答案为C。"begoodat/in"是固定搭配，表示"擅长某事"。at、on、for无此用法。22.Choosethecorrectverbform:"Hehasbeen______forthreehours."A.waitB.waitingC.waitsD.waited【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。"havebeendoing"表示动作从过去持续到现在。wait是动词原形；waiting是现在分词；waits是第三人称单数；waited是过去分词。23.Selectthecorrectconjunction:"Thebookisneitherinteresting______understandable."A.orB.norC.andD.but【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。"neither...nor"是固定搭配，意为"既不...也不..."。or、and、but无此用法。24.Choosethecorrectword:"Thisis______Iwantedtosay."A.allB.thatC.whatD.which【答案】C【解析】正确答案为C。"what"引导主语从句，在从句中作say的宾语。all不能引导从句；that、which引导宾语从句时需在从句中作成分。25.Selectthecorrectidiom:"Don'tcryoverspiltmilk."A.forgiveandforgetB.lookbackC.learnfromD.makeup【答案】A【解析】正确答案为A。"cryoverspiltmilk"是固定习语，意为"为无法挽回的事后悔"；"forgiveandforget"意为"原谅并忘记"；其他选项无此含义。26.Choosethecorrectarticle:"______Internetischangingourlives."A.TheB.AnC.AD./【答案】A【解析】正确答案为A。"Internet"作为全球特指事物，前加定冠词the。an用于元音发音开头的词；a用于辅音发音开头的词；/表示泛指。27.Selectthebestsynonymfor"occasionally":A.alwaysB.sometimesC.neverD.often【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。"occasionally"意为"偶尔"；"sometimes"意为"有时"；"never"意为"从不"；"often"意为"经常"。sometimes与occasionally语义最接近。28.Choosethecorrectverbform:"Sheseems______happytoday."A.moreB.mostC.themostD.much【答案】A【解析】正确答案为A。seems后接形容词比较级，表示某种程度。most、themost是最高级；much不能修饰形容词。29.Selectthecorrectconjunction:"Ilikecoffee,______Idon'tdrinkiteveryday."A.andB.butC.orD.so【答案】B【解析】正确答案为B。"but"表示转折关系，意为"但是"。and表示并列；or表示选择；so表示因果。30.Choosethecorrectwordorder:"______tiredsheis,shenevergivesup."A.AlthoughB.EventhoughC.AsD.So【答案】D【解析】正确答案为D。"so+adj/adv,...that..."结构中，so放句首时主谓不倒装。although、eventhough引导让步状语从句时需倒装；as引导原因状语从句时需倒装。31.√"Waterboilsat100degreesCelsius."【答案】√【解析】知识点：物质温度知识。解析：此为科学常识，水在标准大气压下沸点是100℃，表述正确。32.×"Hewenttothebanktoborrowmoney."【答案】×【解析】知识点：固定搭配。解析：正确的应为"gotothebankformoney"，或"gotothebanktoborrowmoney"也可，但"gotothebankto"本身并非错误，但"toborrowmoney"更常见，故判为×。33.√"SheisfluentinEnglishandFrench."【答案】√【解析】知识点：形容词辨析。解析：fluent意为"流利的"，修饰语言能力，表述正确。34.×"ThisisthefirsttimeIseehim."【答案】×【解析】知识点：时态错误。解析：shouldbe"Ihaveseenhim"，现在完成时表经验，故判为×。35.√"Themeetingwillstartat9a.m."【答案】√【解析】知识点：时间表达。解析：固定搭配正确，表述无误。36.×"Ididn'tboughtthebookyesterday."【答案】×【解析】知识点：动词错误。解析：正确应为"Ididn'tbuy"，情态动词后接动词原形，故判为×。37.√"Hishouseisoppositemine."【答案】√【解析】知识点：介词用法。解析：opposite表示"对面"，固定搭配正确。38.×"Sheistallerthanme."【答案】×【解析】知识点：比较级错误。解析：正确应为"tallerthanIam"，比较级需同级比较，故判为×。39.√"Thebookisonthetable."【答案】√【解析】知识点：介词用法。解析：表示位置关系正确。40.×"Heisgoodatplaybasketball."【答案】×【解析】知识点：固定搭配。解析：正确应为"playbasketball"，goodat后需接动名词，故判为×。41.Explainthedifferencebetween"affect"and"effect."【答案】要点：affect是动词，意为"影响"；effect是名词，意为"结果"。解析：affect表示对某事物产生作用，如"Theweatheraffectsmymood."；effect指具体影响或结果，如"Themedicinehadnoeffect."。解题思路：通过动词与名词的词性区分，并举例说明实际用法。易错提醒：常混淆词性，误用为名词。记忆技巧：记"受影响"用affect，"结果"用effect。42.Whyis"itisIwho..."usedinsteadof"Iamwhoitis"?【答案】要点：强调句结构。解析："itis/was+被强调部分+who/that..."是固定强调句型，用于突出句中特定成分。解题思路：强调句结构固定，被强调成分后必须用who/that引导从句。易错提醒：误用that代替who强调人。学习建议：记忆固定结构，避免随意替换连接词。43.Describetheuseof"inspiteof"and"despite."【答案】要点：介词短语辨析。解析："inspiteof"和"despite"都意为"尽管"，引导让步状语，后接名词、代词或动名词。解题思路：两者语义和用法完全相同，可互换。易错提醒：注意后接成分类型。记忆技巧：记