贵州省毕节市金沙县某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末模拟英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1贵州省毕节市金沙县某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末模拟英语试题第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatexercisewillthemandotoday?A.Swimming. B.Yoga. C.Weightlifting.【答案】A【原文】M:Areyoudoingweighttrainingtoday,Jenny?W:No,nottoday.Aftermywarmingup,I’lltaketheyogaclass.Wouldyouliketojoinus?It’srelaxing.M:No,Ihavebookedtheswimmingclassfortoday.Anyway,thanksforasking.2.Whatwasthereasonforthemantoworkatthecharityatfirst?A.Tohelpthehomeless. B.Todoacollegeproject. C.Togetworkexperience.【答案】C【原文】W:So,itsaysherethatyoudidsomevolunteerworktoraisemoneyforahomelesscharityduringthesummer.M:That’sright.IoriginallytookthejobbecauseIneededsomeworkexperienceforcollege,buthelpingotherpeoplereallymademerealizehowluckyIam.3.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Atanartmuseum. B.Attheman’shome. C.Atafurniturestore.【答案】B【原文】W:Wow,thisplacelooksgreat!M:Thanks!AllI’vereallydoneisthrowoutsomefurniture,butithasreallymadeadifference,hasn’tit?W:Definitely!Andyoufinallyhavespacetoshowyourartworksathome.4.Whatdoesthewoman’scatdowhenitseesmice?A.Itactsfriendlytowardsthem. B.Ittriestocatchthem. C.Itstaysstill.【答案】C【原文】M:Althoughmycatisfriendly,wheneversheseesamouse,shegoesforitimmediately.W:Mycatislazyusually.Whensheseesamouse,shesitsstillandhereyesgowide.Ithinksheisalittlebitscared!5.Whatisthewomanteachingtheman?A.Howtousetheprinter. B.Howtowritethereport. C.Howtochangethepassword.【答案】A【原文】M:Hey,Gina.Canyoushowmehowtousethisnewprinter?W:Sure.Sowhenyouprintareport,you’llbegivenapassword.Youneedtotypethatin,press“accept”,andthenpressthegreenbuttontoprint.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatwasthetruckcarrying?A.Beer. B.Animals. C.Glassboxes.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthetruckdriver?A.Hegothurt. B.Heranaway. C.Hefeltupset.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】W:Didyouseethatcaraccidentonthemainroadthismorning?M:Iheardthattheroadwasclosedforthreehourswhilethepoliceandmedicalservicesdealtwithit.Whathappened?W:Atruckturnedoverandallitsstuffwentallovertheroad.That’swhyIwaslateforwork.M:Whatwasitcarrying?Animals?W:Boxesofbeer!Bottlesandthebrokenglasswereallovertheplace!M:Didanyonegethurt?W:No.Butthedriverlookedveryupsetandranaroundtryingtocollectbottlesthathadn’tbroken!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Helphershoponline. B.Teachhertomakecoffee. C.Buyheracupofcoffee.9.HowmuchdoestheItaliancoffeemakercost?A.$1000. B.$1500. C.$2000.10.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelaboutthesilvercoffeemaker?A.It’snotbeautiful. B.It’stooexpensive. C.It’snotadvancedenough.【答案】8.A9.B10.B【原文】M:Beautifulcoffee,Grandma.Iloveit.Canyouteachmehowtomakeit?W:Noproblem!AndI’mthinkingofbuyinganelectroniccoffeemakeronline.Canyouhelpmewiththat?M:Sure,Grandma.Let’sseewhatwehavegotonthecomputer.Wow,thisItalianonelookssoniceandadvanced.W:Yeah,itis.Howmuchisit?M:Howmuchdoyouplantospendonit?W:Well,$1000.M:OK,ifyou’dliketoaddanother$500.W:Oh,no!Let’sjustpassit.Lookatthatsilverone.Ithasmanyfunctions.M:Butitcosts$2000.Let’slookatsomethingcheaper.W:Couldn’tagreemore!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Footballplayerandfan. B.Reporterandcoach. C.Teammates.12.Wheredidthemangettoknowthenews?A.Fromsocialmedia. B.FromTV. C.Fromradio.13.WhatistherealreasonforRyantoleavetheclub?A.Hedidn’tperformwellduringtheseason.B.HewantstojoinMr.White’steam.C.Heisunsatisfiedwithhispay.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【原文】M:Haveyouseenourfootballteam’ssocialmediapagetoday?W:No,what’shappened?M:Ourbestplayer,Ryan,announcedtoleaveourclub!W:Really?Whydidn’tIhearaboutitontoday’sTVorradio?M:Well,theyalwayscan’treportasfastassocialmedia.W:Hehasscored36goalsforusinthisseason.Whydidheleave?M:Probablyforahigherpay.AnexcellentplayerlikeRyanisworthalotofmoney.W:ButIguessit’sprobablybecauseofouroldcoach,Mr.White.Youknowthey’reveryclose.Whenheleftourclub,Ryanwassosad.AndMr.Whitejuststartedanewclub.M:Youmean,Ryanisgoingtojoinhisteam?W:Well,probably,Ijusttookaguess.M:Oh,checkthesocialmediapagerightnow!It’supdated.Youguessedright.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatisthemainideaoftheconversation?A.Preparinganartcompetition. B.Applyingtoanartschool. C.Arranginganartshow.15.WhatisDylan’sstyleofpaintingprobably?A.Pencilpaintings. B.Oilpaintings. C.Watercolorpaintings.16.HowmanyphotosshouldDylansend?A.5. B.10. C.15.17.Whatisthewomaninahurrytodo?A.Sendanemail. B.Visitherfriend. C.Attendameeting.【答案】14.C15.B16.A17.C【原文】M:HiGillian.DoesyourfriendJanetstillrunanartmuseum?W:Yes.Infact,shenowownstwo.Theoriginaloneisinthewestend,andshenowhasasecondoneinthesouthside.Whydoyouask?M:Mybrother,Dylan,hasrecentlygraduatedfromartschool.Hewastopofhisclass,andhespentallsummercreatingnewworksofart.Also,hewonmanyprizesinallkindsofartcompetitions.W:Soheislookingtoshowthem?M:Yes.Whatdoessheusuallyshow?W:Janetmostlyfocusesonoilpaintings.Shehardlytakespencilpaintingsandwatercolorpaintings.M:She’llprobablylikemybrother’sworkthen.W:Cool,thenhecansendJanetsomephotosofhispaintings,andseeifJanetcanarrangeashowoftheminhermuseums.M:Sure.Hehasabout20piecesintotal.W:Here’sheremailaddress.Askhimtosendfiveofhismostsatisfiedworks.M:Great.I’llgetDylantosendthemtoday.W:Excellent.Ineedtorun.Ihaveameetingin15minutes.M:OK,bye.W:Bye.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whoisthespeechfor?A.Themanagers. B.Theemployees. C.Thecustomers.19.Whyisthespeakergivingthespeech?A.Tointroducehimself. B.Tosetaregularmeeting. C.Tosellnewcomputers.20.Whatwillthespeakerdoduringnextweek?A.Givecomputerlessons. B.Joinanewcompany. C.Collectgreatideas.【答案】18.B19.A20.C【原文】Hello,everyone.Iamyournewmanager.Iamhappytojointhiscompanyandtomeetallofyou.Iwanttogiveashortspeechtointroducemyselftoyou.Ihopetoknoweachoneofyouverywell.IamfromWashingtonD.C.,andIhaveworkedattechnologycompaniesformywholecareer.Iloveworkingwithcomputers,andIamgoodatit.IbelievethatIcanhelpyoualot.ButIknowyouwillteachmethings,too!Iwantustohaveregularmeetingseverymonthwherewecantalkaboutourideasforthecompanyandforourcustomers.Butstill,it’suptoyouguys.Mygoalistomakeourcompanyaplacewherewecandiscusseverythingaboutourwork.Inthefollowingweek,pleasefeelfreetocometomeandtalkaboutyournewideasoranychangeyouwantustomake.Ibelieveonlyourstafffeelbetteratwork,canournewcomputersbecomebetter.Ibelievewewillworkverywelltogetherinthefuture.Thankyouforlisteningandhaveagreatday!第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExploringNorwayInwesternNorway,deepfjords(峡湾)cutthroughsnow-cappedmountainsandremotevalleysareonlyaccessiblebyrailwaysandroads.Crosssomeoftheworld’smostscenicrailwaysandroadwaystoexperiencethecountry’sastonishingnaturalbeautyfromOslotoBergen.OSLOExploreNorway’scapital,situatedattheheadofamorethan60-mile-longfjord.WanderthroughVigelandPark,filledwithhundredsoflife-sizedhumanfiguresbynativeartistGustavVigeland.EnjoylunchatalocalrestaurantandlearnaboutthehistoryofpolarexplorationattheFramMuseum.GEIRANGERTraveloverlandtoGeiranger,windingthroughthemountains.Takethecablecar3,300feetupMountHovenforastonishingviewsandchoosealighthikebeforeenjoyinglunchatthemountaintoprestaurant.Onthewaytothehotel,visitGeirangerSkywalk—aspectacularviewpointperchednearly5,000feetabovesealevel.FLAMCatchatraintoMyrdal,andthenboardtheFlamRailway.Takeanunforgettableridealongoneofthesteepestrailroadsintheworld,descendingasteepvalleythrough20tunnelsandpastthunderingwaterfallstothefjordvillage.Settleintoyourhotelandspendanafternoonatleisure.BERGENDiscoverthecity’smaritimehistoryonatourofBryggen—thecolorfuloldwharf(码头)andalistedUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Afterwards,enjoyanoptionalexcursiontoMountFloyen.Spendyourfinalafternoonatleisure,thengatherforafestivefarewelldinneratarestaurantservingtraditionalNorwegiandishes.DATES&PRICESDateDoubleoccupancySingleoccupancyMay31—Jun10,2025JoinWaitlist$12,395perperson$14,895perpersonJul26—Aug5,2025ReserveOnline$12,995perperson$15,125perpersonAug23—Sep2,2025ReserveOnline$12,495perperson$14,995perperson21.Inwhichplacecanyouappreciateartworks?A.FLAM. B.BERGEN. C.GEIRANGER. D.OSLO.22.WhatcanyoudoinbothFLAMandBERGEN?A.Explorethemaritimehistory. B.Enjoyanunscheduledafternoon.C.Haveatraditionalfestivedinner. D.Experienceamemorablesteepride.23.HowmuchshouldacouplepayforreservingatriponAugust3,2025?A.$12,995. B.$24,790. C.$25,990. D.$30,250.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【语篇解读】本文是一则应用文，文章主要描述挪威的奥斯陆、盖朗厄尔、弗洛姆和卑尔根等地的旅行路线，涉及自然景观如峡湾、山脉、瀑布，还有文化景点如维格兰公园、弗拉姆博物馆，以及世界遗产布吕根码头，以及对应日期和价目表。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据OSLO部分中“WanderthroughVigelandPark,filledwithhundredsoflife-sizedhumanfiguresbynativeartistGustavVigeland.(漫步在维格兰公园，这里有数百个真人大小的人物雕像，由当地艺术家古斯塔夫·维格兰创作。)”可知，该地的旅游包含人物雕像等艺术作品，故选D。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据FLAM部分中“Settleintoyourhotelandspendanafternoonatleisure.(安顿到你的酒店，花一个下午的闲暇)”以及BERGEN部分中“Spendyourfinalafternoonatleisure,thengatherforafestivefarewelldinneratarestaurantservingtraditionalNorwegiandishes.(悠闲地度过最后一个下午，然后在供应挪威传统菜肴的餐厅享用节日告别晚餐。)”可知，两地旅游的共同之处是都有闲暇的、未被安排在日程表上的下午时光，故选B。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据该旅行信息的最后部分“DATES&PRICES”可知，在“Jul26—Aug5,2025ReserveOnline(2025年7月26日到8月5日在线预订)”期间，一对夫妇预定该趟旅行的价格为“$12,995,perperson(每人12995美元)”，故两人的价格为25990美元。故选C。BIt’sanoldsayingthatmostovernightsuccesseshaveactuallybeenhardatworkforyears,andperhapsneveristhatmoretruethaninthecaseofMelRobbins.Herstarhasbeenontheriseforalongtime:herpodcast(播客)hasbeenflyinghighinthechartssinceshelauncheditin2022,andshe’sbeenwritingbest-sellersforthelast10years.Sincethelaunchofhernewbook,TheLetThemTheory:ALife-ChangingToolThatMillionsofPeopleCan’tStopTalkingAbout,she’sreachedaveryhighlevel.It’sbeenhardtofindmuchmediainthelastfewweeksthathasn’tmentionedher.Articles,podcasts,TVshows:younameit,theworldistalkingaboutMelRobbins.ThenewbookisinspiredbyaphraseheryoungerdaughterusedwhenRobbinswasbeinga“typicalmom”atherson’shighschooldancingparty.“Iwastryingtoarrangeeverythinganditupseteveryoneintheprocess.Ididn’trealizeituntilmydaughtersaid,‘Mom,you’rebeingannoying.Justletthemeatwheretheywant;letthemruintheirsneakers;letthemdowhattheywant.’Thatwasthemomentthatactuallyhitmynervoussystem.AndIthensaidtomyself,‘Letthem’andIfeltmyshouldersdrop.”Thisaspectoftryingtogiveupcontrollingothersmakesupthecentralprincipleofthebook.TheLetThemTheoryisastep-by-stepguideonhowtostoplettingotherpeople’sopinionsandjudgmentimpactyourlife.Thetheory,shewrote,will“setyoufreefromtheexhaustingcycleoftryingtomanageeverythingandeveryonearoundyou.”“Ifeelhumbledbythefactthatpeoplearereadingmynewbookinamomentinhistorywheretheyhavenotime.Peoplearemakingtimetoreadsomethingthatcouldhelpthem,”shesaidinaninterview.24.WhatdoweknowaboutMelRobbinsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shehasbeenwidelyreportedrecently. B.Shebecomesfamousovernightbyluck.C.Sheisknowntopeopleasafilmstar. D.Shereleasedherfirstbest-sellerin2022.25.WhydidRobbins’daughtersay“Letthem”toher?A.Tomakeherannoyedonpurpose. B.Toinspireherforanewbook.C.Tostophercontrollingbehavior. D.Tohelphersongrowmature.26.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Commentsofthereaders. B.InfluencesofMelRobbins.C.Theinterpretationofthebook. D.Thefoundationofthetheory.27.HowdidRobbinsfeelaboutthesuccessofhernewbook?A.Unbelievable. B.Grateful. C.Surprised. D.Cautious.【答案】24.A25.C26.C27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了MelRobbins及其新书的创作灵感和理论。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sincethelaunchofhernewbook,TheLetThemTheory:ALife-ChangingToolThatMillionsofPeopleCan’tStopTalkingAbout,she’sreachedaveryhighlevel.It’sbeenhardtofindmuchmediainthelastfewweeksthathasn’tmentionedher.Articles,podcasts,TVshows:younameit,theworldistalkingaboutMelRobbins.(自从她的新书《让他们去：一项让数百万人津津乐道、能改变人生的工具》问世以来，她便声名大噪，达到了极高的知名度。在过去的几周里，几乎很难找到没有提及她的媒体报道。无论是文章、播客还是电视节目，可以说，全世界都在谈论梅尔·罗宾斯。)”可知，自从她的新书发布以来，很难找到没有提到她的媒体，很多文章、播客、电视节目都在谈论她，说明她最近被广泛报道。故选A。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中““Iwastryingtoarrangeeverythinganditupseteveryoneintheprocess.Ididn’trealizeituntilmydaughtersaid,‘Mom,you’rebeingannoying.Justletthemeatwheretheywant;letthemruintheirsneakers;letthemdowhattheywant.’Thatwasthemomentthatactuallyhitmynervoussystem.AndIthensaidtomyself,‘Letthem’andIfeltmyshouldersdrop.”(“我试图把一切都安排得井井有条，但在这个过程中却让每个人都感到不安。直到我女儿对我说：‘妈妈，你真的很烦人。就让他们在他们想吃的地方吃吧；让他们弄脏他们的运动鞋；让他们做他们想做的事。’那一刻，我才真正意识到自己的问题，感觉像是触动了我的神经系统。然后我对自己说，‘让他们去吧’，说完之后，我感觉自己的肩膀都放松了下来。”)”可知，罗宾斯的女儿对她说“让他们去”是为了阻止她的控制行为。故选C。【26题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Thisaspectoftryingtogiveupcontrollingothersmakesupthecentralprincipleofthebook.TheLetThemTheoryisastep-by-stepguideonhowtostoplettingotherpeople’sopinionsandjudgmentimpactyourlife.Thetheory,shewrote,will“setyoufreefromtheexhaustingcycleoftryingtomanageeverythingandeveryonearoundyou.”(这种试图放弃控制他人的想法构成了这本书的核心原则。《让他们去》理论是一本关于如何不再让他人的意见和判断影响你生活的循序渐进的指南。她写道，这一理论将“让你从试图管理周围一切人和事的疲惫循环中解脱出来。”)”可知，第四段主要讲述了对《让他们去》这本书的解读。故选C。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Ifeelhumbledbythefactthatpeoplearereadingmynewbookinamomentinhistorywheretheyhavenotime.Peoplearemakingtimetoreadsomethingthatcouldhelpthem,”shesaidinaninterview.(“在这样一个人们没有时间的历史时刻，人们却在读我的新书，这让我感到很谦卑。人们正在挤出时间来读一些可能对他们有帮助的东西，”她在一次采访中说。)”可推知，罗宾斯对她新书的成功感到感激。故选B。CBaleenwhales,likehumpbacks(座头鲸),relyonsingingtoattractmates.Butifkillerwhalesheartheirsongs,thesepredators(掠食者)canfindthesingerandattack.Ascientistdiscoveredthatsomespecies,suchasBryde’swhales,staysafebycallingatdeep,lowfrequenciesthatkillerwhalescan’thear.Newstudiessuggestthattraitsfoundthroughouttheanimalkingdommayhaveguidedthedevelopmentofhumanspeech.Malehumpbackwhalesproducesoundsinacomplexsequence,knownasasong.Asongcanbeupto30minuteslongandmayberepeatedforhours.Aswithhumanlanguage,thewhales’songsareculturallytransmitted,meaningtheyarelearnedfromothers.Aninternationalteamofscientistsstudiedrecordingscollectedover80yearsneartheislandofNewCaledoniainthePacificOcean.Becausehumpbackwhalesongsaremadeupofvarioussounds,thescientistscreatedcodestodescribedifferentcombinationsofsounds.Byfiguringoutwhichsoundsoftenoccurredtogether,theycouldidentifycombinationsinwhalesongsthatservedapurposesimilartowordsinhumanspeech.Whentheresearchersanalyzedthewhalesongsusingthismethod,theyfoundthatthesongsfollowedapattern,calledZipf’slawoffrequency,thatisalsofoundinhumanlanguage.Zipf’slawsaysthatthemostcommonwordinalanguageisusedtwiceasmuchasthesecondmostcommonword,threetimesasmuchasthethirdmostcommonword,andsoon.Forexample,inEnglish,theword“the”isusedtwiceasoftenas“of”andthreetimesasoftenas“and”.Meanwhile,aseparatestudyfromStonyBrookUniversityfoundmoresimilaritiesbetweenpeopleandwhales.Theresearchfoundthatthesongsofhumpbacksandbluewhalesuseshortwordsmoreoftenthanlongerones,asisthecasewithhumanlanguage.“Takentogether,ourstudiessuggestthathumpbackwhalesonghasevolvedtobemoreefficientandeasiertolearn,”saidthestudy’sauthor,MasonYoungblood.28.HowdoBryde’swhalesavoidbeingdetectedbypredators?A.Byimitatingspecificsoundsofhumanlanguage.B.Bycreatingconfusingsoundstomisleadpredators.C.Byproducingparticularsoundsathighfrequencies.D.Bymakingsoundsbelowpredators’hearingrange.29.Whatdoweknowabouthumpbackwhales’songs?A.Theyarerepeatedhourlywithoutchange. B.Theyareacquiredthroughmutuallearning.C.Theyfollowasimplesequenceofsounds. D.Theyconsistoffixedsoundcombinations.30.ByZipf’slaw,ifthemostcommonwordappears100times,thefourthcommonwordappears______.A.25times. B.33times. C.50times. D.100times.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowWhalesAvoidAttacks. B.HowWhalesUseShortWords.C.HowWhaleSongsTransmitCulture. D.HowWhaleSongsMirrorHumanSpeech.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过座头鲸、布氏鲸等鲸鱼的发声行为，揭示鲸鱼歌声与人类语言在文化传承、频率规律及用词偏好等方面的相似性。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ascientistdiscoveredthatsomespecies,suchasBryde’swhales,staysafebycallingatdeep,lowfrequenciesthatkillerwhalescan’thear.(一位科学家发现，像布氏鲸这样的一些物种，通过发出虎鲸听不到的深沉、低频的声音来保持安全)”可知，布氏鲸通过发出低于掠食者听力范围的声音来避免被掠食者发现。故选D。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aswithhumanlanguage,thewhales’songsareculturallytransmitted,meaningtheyarelearnedfromothers.(与人类语言一样，鲸鱼的歌声也是通过文化传播的，这意味着它们是从其他鲸鱼那里学来的)”可知，座头鲸的歌声是通过相互学习获得的。故选B。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Zipf’slawsaysthatthemostcommonwordinalanguageisusedtwiceasmuchasthesecondmostcommonword,threetimesasmuchasthethirdmostcommonword,andsoon.(齐普夫定律指出，一种语言中最常见的词的使用频率是第二常见词的两倍，是第三常见词的三倍，以此类推)”可知，根据齐普夫定律，如果最常见的词出现100次，那么第四常见的词应该出现100÷4=25次。故选A。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Newstudiessuggestthattraitsfoundthroughouttheanimalkingdommayhaveguidedthedevelopmentofhumanspeech.(新的研究表明，在整个动物王国中发现的特征可能指导了人类语言的发展)”以及下文对座头鲸歌声的研究，文章主要讲述了鲸鱼的歌声如何反映人类语言，并探讨了鲸鱼歌声与人类语言之间的相似性。所以，D选项“HowWhaleSongsMirrorHumanSpeech(鲸鱼的歌声如何反映人类语言)”最符合文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选D。DChinasaysitsmaglevhyperlooptrain(磁悬浮超级高铁列车)hasbrokentheworldspeedrecordinatestrun,reachingasurprising623km/h.Eventually,itsmakerswanttobuildatrainmorethanthreetimesasfastasonethatwillbreakthesoundbarrierandrunfasterthanairplanes.Themaglevtrain,namedtheT-Flight,wasbuiltbythestate-ownedChinaAerospaceScienceandIndustryCorporation(CASIC),NewAtlasreported.HyperlooptrainsworkbypushingMLP(磁悬浮吊舱)throughtunnelswithverylittleairresistance.ThepreviousrecordholderforthefastestmaglevtrainistheL0SeriesSCMaglevinJapan,accordingtoJRPass,whichcanhitatopspeedof603km/h.Totestthenewtrain,CASICbuiltatrackroughly2kilometerslonginalow-pressurevacuum(真空)tube.Toreachsuchhighspeeds,thetrainsmustencounteralmostnofriction(摩擦).SoCASICsmoothedthetesttracktoaflatnesswitha0.3millimeterstolerance,meaningthereisa0.01-inchdifferencebetweenthelowestandhighestpointoftheflatsurface.The20-foot-widetunnelalsohasgeometricsizeerroroflessthan2mm,meaningthemarginoferror(误差幅度)againstaperfectshape.Theentirepipelinecanreturntonormalpressureinfiveminutes,whichshowsitssurprisingly-restoredability.IntheT-Flight’ssecondphaseoftesting,CASICaimstoextendthetrackto60kmandallowthetraintoreach1,000km/h.Atthistheoreticaltopspeed,themaglevtrainwouldbeevenfasterthanapassengerjet,whichtravelsatanaveragerangebetween925km/hand966km/h,accordingtoSimpleFlying.Thecompany’sambitionsdon’tstopthere,however,withplansforaconnectionbetweenWuhanandBeijingthatcanreachupto2,000km/h,accordingtoavideofrom2018.Hyperloopsystemscanmovevehiclesatspeedsmuchfasterthanconventionaltrains—mostofwhicharerestrictedto95km/hintheU.S.ElonMuskfirstproposedahyperloopsystemfortheU.S.in2013,butmorethanadecadelater,Musk’svisionhasyettoseethelightofday.Asoneofthebiggestcompaniesintheindustry,Virginshutdownitsownhyperloopcompany,whichmostrecentlywentbythenameVirginHyperloopin2023.32.Whatdoweknowabouthyperlooptrainsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.China’sT-Flightoutpacesairplanes. B.T-FlightoutspeedsSCMaglevby20km/h.C.ThefirsthyperlooptrainismadeinJapan. D.Theycanmerelytravelwithoutairfriction.33.WhatispreparedfortestingtheT-Flight?A.Afree-pressuretube. B.Anabsoluteflattrack.C.Aperfectly-shapedtunnel. D.Aquickly-recoveredpipeline.34.WhichcanbeusedtodescribeChinaAerospaceScienceandIndustryCorporation?A.Ambitiousandreliable. B.Conventionalandpractical.C.State-ownedandconservative. D.Advancedandinternational.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.CASIC:APromisingCompany B.China:ACountryLeadingtheTrendC.T-Flight:APotentialRecord-Breaker D.Hyperloop:AGloballyCommonTopic【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国在超高速列车技术领域最新研发的T-Flight列车测试创纪录，未来时速可达2000公里。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Chinasaysitsmaglevhyperlooptrain(磁悬浮超级高铁列车)hasbrokentheworldspeedrecordinatestrun,reachingasurprising623km/h.(中国表示，其磁悬浮超级高铁列车在试运行中打破了世界速度纪录，达到了惊人的623公里/小时)”和第二段中“ThepreviousrecordholderforthefastestmaglevtrainistheL0SeriesSCMaglevinJapan,accordingtoJRPass,whichcanhitatopspeedof603km/h.(据JRPass报道，此前最快磁悬浮列车的纪录保持者是日本的L0系列SCMaglev磁悬浮列车，最高时速可达603公里)”可知，T-Flight列车比SCMaglev列车的速度快20公里/小时，故选B。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Totestthenewtrain,CASICbuiltatrackroughly2kilometerslonginalow-pressurevacuum(真空)tube.(为了测试新列车，中国航天科工集团在低压真空管道中建造了一条大约2公里长的轨道)”和“Theentirepipelinecanreturntonormalpressureinfiveminutes,whichshowsitssurprisingly-restoredability.(整个管道可以在五分钟内恢复正常压力，这显示了其令人惊讶的恢复能力)”可知，为了测试新列车准备了一条能快速恢复压力的管道，故选D。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Eventually,itsmakerswanttobuildatrainmorethanthreetimesasfastasonethatwillbreakthesoundbarrierandrunfasterthanairplanes.(最终，它的制造商想要建造一辆比一辆快三倍以上的火车，它将打破音障，跑得比飞机还快)”和第五段中“Thecompany’sambitionsdon’tstopthere(该公司的野心并不止于此)”可知，中国航天科工集团有限公司很有野心；根据第一段中“Chinasaysitsmaglevhyperlooptrain(磁悬浮超级高铁列车)hasbrokentheworldspeedrecordinatestrun,reachingasurprising623km/h.(中国表示，其磁悬浮超级高铁列车在试运行中打破了世界速度纪录，达到了惊人的623公里/小时)”和最后一段中“Hyperloopsystemscanmovevehiclesatspeedsmuchfasterthanconventionaltrains(超级高铁系统可以以比传统火车快得多的速度移动车辆)”可知，该公司建造的磁悬浮超级高铁列车运行速度比传统列车快得多，故该公司值得信赖，故选A。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Chinasaysitsmaglevhyperlooptrain(磁悬浮超级高铁列车)hasbrokentheworldspeedrecordinatestrun,reachingasurprising623km/h.(中国表示，其磁悬浮超级高铁列车在试运行中打破了世界速度纪录，达到了惊人的623公里/小时)”可知，文章主要介绍了中国在超高速列车技术领域最新研发的T-Flight列车测试创纪录，未来时速可达2000公里，C项“T-Flight：一个潜在的破纪录者”最适合作为标题，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thesleephabitsyoufolloweachday—knownassleephygiene(睡眠卫生)—canhaveapositiveeffectonhowwellyousleep.Takeacloserlookatthefollowingtipsonhowtoimprovesleephabits.BlockoutlightToomuchlightexposurecanthrowoffyoursleepandcircadianrhythm(昼夜节律).Blackingoutcurtainsoveryourwindows,orputtingasleepmaskoveryoureyes,canblocklightandpreventitfrominterferingwithyourrest.___36___,whichcontributestoyourbody’sproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素),ahormonethatpromotessleep.ReducepossiblenoiseKeepingnoisetoaminimumisanimportantpartofbuildingasleep-friendlybedroom.___37___,considerdrowningthemoutwithafanorwhitenoisemachine.Earplugsorheadphonesareanotheroptiontostopthenoisefrombotheringyouwhenyouwanttosleep.___38___Ifyouwanttomakesurethatyou’regettingtherecommendedamountofsleepeachnight,thenyouneedtobuildthattimeintoyourschedule.Consideringyourfixedwake-uptime,youneedtoworkbackwardandidentifyatargetbedtimethatallowsforatleastsevenhours.___39___.Disconnectdevicesbeforebed___40___,makingithardtotrulywinddown.Thelightfromtheseelectronicdevicescanalsoprobablysuppressyournaturalproductionofmelatonin.Trytoputthemawayforanhourormorebeforegoingtobed.Dosomereadingandmeditation,whichhelprelaxyourbodyormindtofallsleep.A.Ensuresufficientshut-eyeB.IfyoucannottakealunchbreakduringthedaytimeC.AvoidingbrightlightcanhelpyourtransitiontobedtimeD.Tablets,smartphonesandlaptopscankeepyourbrainexcitedE.Forafullnight’ssleep,adjustyourroutineasmuchaspossibleF.IfyoucannotavoidnearbysourcesofloudorunpleasantsoundsG.Wheneverpossible,giveyourselfextratimebeforebedtogetreadyforsleep【答案】36.C37.F38.A39.G40.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些改善睡眠习惯的建议。【36题详析】根据上文“Toomuchlightexposurecanthrowoffyoursleepandcircadianrhythm(昼夜节律).Blackingoutcurtainsoveryourwindows,orputtingasleepmaskoveryoureyes,canblocklightandpreventitfrominterferingwithyourrest.(过多的光照会扰乱你的睡眠和昼夜节律。在窗户上拉上窗帘，或者在眼睛上戴上睡眠眼罩，可以阻挡光线，防止光线干扰你的休息)”以及后文“whichcontributestoyourbody’sproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素),ahormonethatpromotessleep(这有助于身体产生褪黑激素，一种促进睡眠的激素)”可知，本句主要说明有助于产生褪黑激素的方法，且与光线有关。故C选项“避免强光有助于你进入睡眠状态”符合语境，故选C。【37题详析】根据后文“considerdrowningthemoutwithafanorwhitenoisemachine(考虑用风扇或白噪音机把它们掩盖掉)”可知，后文提出用其他声音进行掩盖，说明是声音无法消除的情况。故F选项“你如果无法消除附近响亮或令人不快的声音”符合语境，故选F。【38题详析】根据本段内容“Ifyouwanttomakesurethatyou’regettingtherecommendedamountofsleepeachnight,thenyouneedtobuildthattimeintoyourschedule.Consideringyourfixedwake-uptime,youneedtoworkbackwardandidentifyatargetbedtimethatallowsforatleastsevenhours.(如果你想确保你每天晚上得到建议的睡眠时间，那么你需要把这个时间纳入你的时间表。考虑到你的固定起床时间，你需要反向工作，确定一个至少允许七个小时的目标就寝时间)”可知，该段主要阐述了要保证充足的睡眠，故A选项“确保充足的睡眠”符合语境，故选A。【39题详析】根据上文“Consideringyourfixedwake-uptime,youneedtoworkb