五金行业的库存管理研究-以浙江M公司为例

五金行业的库存管理研究——以浙江M公司为例摘要：近年来在制造业企业中库存管理占据非常重要的位置，同时库存管理也是当今时代的主题。在现在复杂多变的大环境下，特别是新冠疫情和房地产行业的双重冲击下，对于制作业而言，高水平的库存管理成为公司竞争市场强有力的因素，而公司也需要根据自身的实际情况制定合理的库存管理体系。本研究聚焦于M公司的库存管理实践，采用了库存理论和需求预测的知识框架，并结合了现场调查和访谈等多种研究手段。通过深入了解M公司的内部运作和现场考察，本研究指出了公司在库存管理上的几个主要问题：资金的过度占用、库存周转缓慢、过量的不活跃存货以及不精确的需求预测。基于这些发现，本文进一步探讨了导致这些问题的根本原因，包括不合理的库存分类方法、信息交流的障碍以及缺乏有效的库存控制策略。针对这些问题，本文提出了一系列改进措施，例如实施更精细化的ABC库存分类系统和提高需求预测的精确性。本研究旨在为M公司解决库存管理的挑战提供实用的建议，以提升资金的使用效率和降低运营成本，进而实现库存成本的最优化。同时，本文的研究成果也期望能为五金行业提供参考价值，并为制造业企业在处理类似问题时提供指导。关键词：ABC分类；库存管理；五金行业。

Abstract:Inventorymanagementhasoccupiedaveryimportantpositioninmanufacturingenterprisesinrecentyears,andatthesametimeinventorymanagementisalsothethemeoftoday'stimes.Inthecomplexandchangingenvironmentnow,especiallyunderthedoubleimpactofthenewcrownepidemicandtherealestateindustry,fortheproductionindustry,thehighlevelofinventorymanagementhasbecomeastrongfactorforthecompanytocompeteinthemarket,andthecompanyalsoneedstoformulateareasonableinventorymanagementsystemaccordingtoitsownactualsituation.ThispaperisbasedontheinventorymanagementofCompanyM.Basedonthetheoryofinventorymanagement,materialclassification,demandforecastingtheoryandsafetystocktheoryandotherrelatedtheoreticalfoundations,combinedwithpracticalresearch,interviewmethodandotherresearchmethodstocarryoutthestudy.ThroughtheunderstandingoftheemployeesofCompanyMandthefieldinvestigation,thespecificproblemsofinventorymanagementinCompanyMaresummarized:highinventoryutilizationrate,lowinventoryturnoverrate,moresluggishinventory,andinaccuratedemandforecasting.Onthisbasis,thecausesofinventorymanagementproblemsinCompanyMarefurtheranalyzed,whicharereflectedintheirrationalclassificationofinventorymanagement,poorinventoryinformationexchangemechanism,thelackofscientificinventorycontrolstrategyandthelackofeffectiveinventorymanagementassessment.Basedontheresultsoftheaboveanalysis,correspondingmeasuresareproposed,including:implementingABCclassificationmanagementfortheexistinginventory,improvingtheaccuracyofdemandforecasting,andreasonablydeterminingtheorderquantityofinventory.Finally,correspondingguaranteemeasuresareproposedfortheimplementationoftheaboveoptimizationsolutions.ItisexpectedthattheresearchresultsofthispapercanbeusedtosolvetheinventorymanagementproblemsofCompanyM,improvetheutilizationoffunds,reducecosts,andachievethepurposeofinventorycostminimization,aswellastoserveasareferenceforthehardwareindustrytolearnfromandreferto,andalsotoserveasareferenceforenterprisesinthemanufacturingindustrytosolvesimilarproblems.Keywords：ABCClassification;InventoryManagement;HardwareIndustry.参考文献刘丽丽.A公司库存管理优化研究[D].南京邮电大学,2022.《中国制造2025》解读之:我国制造业发展进入新的阶段[J].工业炉,2023,45(05):23.匡其品.中小型制造企业库存管理问题和对策研究[J].财会学习,2020(36):170-171.徐亚倩.基于供应链视角的制造业企业库存管理问题及对策研究[J].企业改革与管理,2022(18):3-5.吴迪.基于供应链管理环境下的采购和库存管理研究[J].商展经济,2021(15):58-60.宗辉.铁路工程项目物资零库存管理几点见解[J].中华建设,2020(06):56-57.BecerraP,MulaJ,SanchisR.Greensupplychainquantitativemodelsforsustainableinventorymanagement:Areview[J].JournalofCleanerProduction,2021,328:129544.Rahaman,Mostafijur,SankarPrasadMondal,SharifulAlam,NajeebAlamKhan,andAmiyaBiswas."Interpretationofexactsolutionforfuzzyfractionalnon-homogeneousdifferentialequationundertheRiemann–Liouvillesenseanditsapplicationontheinventorymanagementcontrolproblem."GranularComputing6(2021):953-976.PareekS,Cárdenas-BarrónLE,MittalM.Impactofimperfectqualityitemsoninventorymanagementfortwowarehouseswithshortages[J].InternationalJournalofMathematical,EngineeringandManagementSciences,2020,5(5):869.SugumaranP,SukumaranV.Recommendationstoimprovedeadstockmanagementingarmentindustryusingdataanalytics[J].MathematicalBiosciencesandEngineering,2019,16(6):8121-8133.NurS,MohamedA,HairulMSR.TheperformanceofchallengesfacedbySMEinmanagingreal-timeinformationintheinventorymanagementprocess[J].InternationalJournalofInnovativeTechnologyandExploringEngineering,2019,8(12):5614-5618.SahaE,RayPK.Modellingandanalysisofinventorymanagementsystemsinhealthcare:Areviewandreflections[J].Computers&IndustrialEngineering,2019,137:106051.NtakoliaC,KokkotisC,KarlssonP,etal.Anexplainablemachinelearningmodelformaterialbackorderpredictionininventorymanagement[J].Sensors,2021,21(23):7926.金智勇.铁路机辆物资库存管理模式探讨[J].铁路采购与物流,2021,16(03):49-51.郑建娟.ABC分类法联合动态库存分析法在优化药品库存管理中的作用[J].中医药管理杂志,2021,29(03):120-121.齐永芳.基于ABC+AHP方法的邯郸市生鲜农产品企业的库存优化设计[D].河北工程大学,2015.徐新娴.ABC分析法及最优库存管理模式在瑞联德公司的应用[J].全国流通经济,2020(04):13-15.刘斌.ABC分类法在企业库存管理中的应用[J].营销界,2019(43):45-55.刘孝凤,严爱素.CVAABC分析法和平均月环比系数在优化药品库存管理中的应用[J].中医药管理杂志,2021,29(06):130-132.刘敏,易祎晨.生物医药企业冷链库存管理优化策略研究[J].江西社会科学,2022,42(12):61-70.杨少魁.柔性供应链角度的供电企业库存管理研究[J].科技与创新,2020(22):107-108.ShahM,KumarP.InternationalJournalofRecentTechnologyandEngineering(IJRTE)[J].InternationalJournalofRecentTechnologyandEngineering(IJRTE),2019,7(5S3).SahaE,RayPK.Modellingandanalysisofhealthcareinventorymanagementsystems[J].Opsearch,2019,56(4):1179-1198.TripathiRP,SinghD,AnejaS.Inventorycontrolmodelusingdiscountedcashflowapproachundermultiplesuppliers'tradecreditandstockdependentdemandfordeterioratingitems[J].InternationalJournalofInventoryResearch,2019,5(3):210-223.吴建.公交车辆维修配件零库存管理探讨[J].人民公交,2021(09):33-41.钟鼎丞,杨琴.基于系统动力学的供应链库存管理优化研究——以美邦服饰为例[J].全国流通经济,2021(18):3-6.IslamSS,PulunganAH,RochimA.Inventorymanagementefficiencyanalysis:AcasestudyofanSMEcompany[C]//JournalofPhysics:ConferenceSeries.IOPPublishing,2019,1402(2):022040.龙新忠.制造企业库存管理存在的问题及对策研究[J].当代会计,2020(21):99-10.谢兆军.凯瑞德公司的库存管理优化研究[D].兰州大学,2022.黄洁芳.五金制造类企业库存管理研究[D].广东外语外贸大学,2017.B