阅读理解记叙文专题剖析与专题同步训练(含答案)

阅读理解记叙文专题剖析与专题同步训练（含答案）一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析）1．阅读理解

Earlierthisyear,Chinaachievedanewmilestone（里程碑）inspaceresearch.OnJanuary3,2019,Chang'e-4becamethefirstlunarprobe（月球探测器）inhistorytosuccessfullylandonthefarsideofthemoon.

TheEarth'sgravity（重力）slowsthemoon'srotation（自转）,matchingittothespeedofitsorbit（公转）.Therefore,thefarsideofthemoonisalmost"dark"andhasneverbeenseen.It'sthissenseoftheunknownthatmakesthefarsideofthemoonsuchaninterestingplaceforscientificandspaceresearch.Beingblownbysolar（太阳的）winds,thefarsidemayhavethespecialminerals（矿物质）.Forthisreason,Chang'e-4willstudytheeffectofsolarwindsonthelunarsurfaceandanymineralfoundbythespacecraft.Chang'e-4isalsocarryingflowerseeds,potatoesandsilkwormeggstoseewhetherlifeispossibleonthemoon.Ifitis,thenthemoonwillbecomeapossiblechoiceforspacetravelinthefuture.

However,researchofthe"dark"sideisn'teasy.Asthefarsideisblocked（阻断）offfromus,radionoisecomingoffEarthisalsoblocked.ThisiswhyChina'srelaysatellite（中继卫星）QueqiaowassentupinMay,2018.ThankstoQueqiao,thecommunicationproblembetweenEarthandChang'e-4hasbeenwellsolved.

Powersupply（电源供应）isalsoachallengetothetask.Chang'e-4getsenergyfromthesunthroughitssolarpanels.Asweknow,alunardayhasthelength（长度）of28Earthdays.AfterChang'e-4wassentuponDecember8,2018,ittooktheprobeover20daystoorbitthemoontobeinapositiontobeabletolandinmoondaylightanduseitssolarpanels.

Luckily,everythinggoeswell,Chang'e-4hasworkedonthe"dark"sideforover5months.Ithassentbackmanyphotosofthefarsideofthemoonandhasbeenusedtocarryoutsomescientificexperiments.TheNewYorkTimesusedtheword"groundbreaking"topraisethetaskandwrotethat"itwillofferhelptothehistoryanddevelopmentofthemoon".（1）WhenwasChang'e-4sentup?A.

InMay,2018.B.

OnDecember8,2018.C.

OnJanuary3,2019.D.

Thepassagedoesn'ttellus.（2）ThemaintasksofChang'e-4don'tinclude_______________________.A.

studyingiflifeispossibleonthemoonB.

studyingtheeffectofsolarwindsonthelunarsurfaceC.

solvingthecommunicationproblembetweenEarthandotherprobesD.

researchinganymineralfoundbythespacecraft（3）Themeaningoftheunderlinedword"groundbreaking"inthelastparagraphistheclosestto"________________".A.

harmful

B.

unpredictable

C.

risky

D.

pioneering（4）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.

Chang'e-4hassentbackmanyphotosofthefarsideofthemoon.B.

Alunardayhasthelengthof28Earthdays.C.

China'srelaysatelliteQueqiaowassentupinordertoofferpowersupplytoprobes.D.

Chang'e-4isthefirstlunarprobeinhistorythathassuccessfullylandedonthe"dark"sideofthemoon.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了中国的嫦娥四号月球探测器，为我们讲述了嫦娥四号升空时间，什么时候在月球背面着陆，如何跟地球进行通讯联系等等。（1）细节理解题，根据AfterChang'e-4wassentuponDecember8,

可知，嫦娥四号是在2018年12月8号发射升空的，故答案是B。（2）细节理解题，根据

Forthisreason,Chang'e-4willstudytheeffectofsolarwindsonthelunarsurfaceandanymineralfoundbythespacecraft.Chang'e-4isalsocarryingflowerseeds,potatoesandsilkwormeggstoseewhetherlifeispossibleonthemoon.可知，嫦娥四号的人物包括研究月球表面的太阳风的影响，寻找矿物质，携带花种、土豆和蚕卵看，他们是否恩能够在月球成活，不包括解决地球与月球的通讯问题，故答案是C。（3）细节理解题，groundbreaking的一是是开创性的，A.有伤害的；B.难以预料的；C.冒险的，D先锋，故答案是D。（4）正误判断题，根据ThankstoQueqiao,thecommunicationproblembetweenEarthandChang'e-4hasbeenwellsolved.可知鹊桥中继卫星的发射是微利解决通讯问题，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题，细节理解题一般可知直接在文中找到答案，正误判断题也是细节理解题的一种，也是基于短文内容进行判断的。2．阅读理解

Whenfacedwithdifficultsituationsintheirlives,manypeoplefindthemtoochallengingandgiveup,especiallyontheirlifedreams.ButnotforGabrielHeredia.

Gabrrelisa21-year-oldArgentineanbarber（阿根廷理发师）whowasbornwithouthands.Buthewasabletogrowuphappyandindependentbecausehealwayshadthesupportoffriendsandfamily.Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.Althoughhefirstsawitasaninterest,Gabrielquicklydecidedthatthiswashisdreamjob.

Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.There,hemetZlatanGomez,thepresidentofArgentinaCorta,anorganizationforbarberstoconnect,docharity（慈善）work,andteachhairdressing.Later,GabrielbecamepartofArgentinaCorta,offeringhisservicestopeopleofallagessotheycanbuilduptheskillstheyneedtogetajob.

GabrielthenmovedtoBuenosAires,Argentinawherehecutshairtoday.Asabrightandcaringyoungman,Gabrieltrieshardtonotonlybeabarber,butalsomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.Hesays,"ThethingthatIlikethemostaboutmyjobisthatpeoplefeelcomfortableandstylishwithmycutsandthatmakesmefeelhappy."

Gabrielalwaysdoeshisbesttobeindependent.Henevergivesup.Thereisnothinghecan'tdo.Besidescuttinghair,hehaslearnedtorideabike,amotorbikeandeventodriveacar.Heisnodoubtinspiringothers.（1）WhenGabrielwasborn,whatmadehimdifferentfromothers?A.

Hewasbornwithouthands.B.

Hisspecialhaircut.C.

Hislifedream.D.

Hishappinessandindependence.（2）Atfirst,GabrielHeredialearnedhaircuttingskills________________.A.

fromZlatanGomez

B.

fromhismother

C.

fromhisfriends

D.

byhimself（3）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGabrielHerediaisNOTtrue?A.

Hetrieshardtomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.B.

Hecannotonlycuthairbutalsodriveacar.C.

HejoinedArgentinaCortaandtaughtothershaircuttingskillsinSanIsidro.D.

HeopenedhisfirstbarbershopinBuenosAireswiththehelpofhisfamily.（4）WhatdoesGabriel'sstorymainlytellus?A.

Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.B.

You'renevertoooldtolearn.C.

Nothingisimpossibleifyoudon'tgiveup.D.

Educationchangeslife.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多人在面对困难时会选择放弃，但是加布里埃尔·赫雷迪亚没有放弃，他是一个理发师，生下来就没有双手，但是能够独立的成长，在家人的鼓励和支持下，实现了自己的梦想，后来帮搬到了阿根廷首都，布宜诺斯艾利斯，继续在那里理发。加布里埃尔总是尽力保持独立。他从不放弃。他什么都能做。除了剪发，他还学会了骑自行车、摩托车甚至开车。他无疑在激励别人。（1）细节理解题，根据whowasbornwithouthands.

可知，使他与众不同的是剩下了就没有双手，故答案是A。（2）细节理解题，根据

Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.

可知是他的理发技艺来自他的妈妈，故答案是B。​​​​​​​（3）正误判断题题，根据Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.可知他在家人的帮助下在秘鲁圣伊西德罗开了第一家理发店，而不是在布宜诺斯艾利斯，所以D的叙述错误，故答案是D。​​​​​​​（4）细节理解题，根据根据文章内容可知，只要不放弃，什么都能成为可能，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。3．阅读理解

IamTurere.IcomefromKitengela,afarmingcommunityontheedge（边缘）ofNairobiNationalParkofKenya（肯尼亚）.Sincetheageofnine.Ihavehelpedtolookaftermyfamily'scows.Asachild,inmyfreetime.Ienjoyedplayingwithelectronics.Imademyowninventions,suchaselectronictoysfromcarpartsandotherthings.Ialsobuiltotherelectronicdevices（仪器）formyneighbors.

Attheageof13,Iinventedsomethingthatchangedmylife.Italsochangedthelivesofmanypeopleinmycommunity.Onenight,alionfromtheparkcameintomyfamily'sfarmandkilledoneofourcows.Iwasangry.However,killingthelion,Ithought,wasnotthebestwaytosolvetheproblem.Instead,Idecidedtoinventasolution

ThefirstideaIgotwastousefire,becauseIthoughtlionswerescaredoffire.ButIcametorealizethatdidn'treallyhelp,becauseitwasevenhelpingthelionstoseethroughthecowshed（牛棚）.SoIdidn'tgiveup.Icontinued.

AndasecondideaIgotwastouseascarecrow（稻草人）.Iwastryingtotrickthelionsintothinking）thatIwasstandingnearthecowshed.Butlionsareveryclever.Theywillcomethefirstdayandtheyseethescarecrow,andtheygoback.Butthesecondday,they'llcomeandtheysay,thisthingisnotmovinghere,itisalwayshere!Sohejumpsinandkillstheanimals.

Soonenight,Iwaswalkingaroundthecowshedwithatorch（手电筒）,andthatdaythelionsdidn'tcome.AndIdiscoveredthatlionswereafraidofamovinglight.SoIhadanidea.（1）WhatwasTurereinterestedinwhenhewasachild?A.

Trickingtheneighbors.

B.

Lookingaftercows.

C.

Playingwithelectronics.

D.

Makingcarparts（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph4referto?A.

Thelion.

B.

Thescarcer.

C.

Thecow.

D.

Thecowshed（3）What'sthesolutiontodrivingthelionaway?A.

Usingamovinglight

B.

Usingatorch

C.

Usingascarecrow（4）Whatcanwegetfromthepassage?A.

Thelionkilledallthecows.

B.

Turerekilledthelionatlast.C.

Thelionnolongerlivedinthepark.

D.

Turere'sinventionmadepeacewithlions.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述来自基腾格拉，一个位于肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园边缘的农业社区的男孩Turere。从九岁开始。帮忙照看我家的奶牛。作为一个孩子，在的空闲时间。喜欢玩电子产品。有自己的发明，比如汽车零件和其他东西做成的电子玩具。还为邻居制造了其他电子设备。13岁时，我发明了改变我生活的东西。它也改变了我社区许多人的生活。（1）细节理解题。由

Asachild,inmyfreetime.Ienjoyedplayingwithelectronics.可知他对玩电子产品感兴趣。故选C。（2）代词的指代题。由上句Butthesecondday,they'llcomeandtheysay,thisthingisnotmovinghere。可知it是指thisthing=ascarecrow

，稻草人不会动，故选B。（3）细节理解题。由AndIdiscoveredthatlionswereafraidofamovinglight.

可知赶走狮子的方法就是使用移动光，故选A。（4）推理判断题。由

Soonenight,Iwaswalkingaroundthecowshedwithatorch,andthatdaythelionsdidn'tcome.可知用移动光的方法能赶走狮子杀害村子里动物，又不用杀死狮子。图雷尔的发明与狮子和平共处，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。4．阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Everyonefacesdifficultiesintheirlife.DanielKishwasbornwithaspecialeyeillnessandlosthiseyesightbeforehewasonly14monthsold.

Soonafter,however,hestartedtodoanamazingthing.Helearnedtomakeclicks（咔哒声）withhistonguetohelphimmovearound.Kishnowmovesaboutusingsonar（声纳）.Heissogoodatitthathecanrideabicyclebyhimselfonpublicroads.AndhestartedtheorganizationWorldAccessfortheBlind（WAFTB）in2000,teachingothershowtousesonar.IntheinterviewwithNationalGeographic,heexplainshowthesonarworks.

"WhenImakeaclicksound,itproducessoundwaves.Thesewavesreflect（反射）offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.Mybrainthendealswiththesoundandturnsitintopicturesinmymind.Eachclickislikeacameraflash,whichhelpsmemakea3-Dpictureofmysurroundingsforhundredsoffeet.It'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironment."

Kishfeelsitisexcitingtorideabikeusingsonar,althoughheneedstoclicktwiceasecond,muchmorethanheusuallydoes."Itmaysoundabitdangeroustomovearoundtheworldinthisway,"hesays."Butmostpeopleintheworldliveinfearofthingsthattheyimagine.Ilovehikingandmountain-biking.Igoalmosteverywhere.AndI'veneverhadanaccidentandhurtmyself."

Heishappytobeabletohelpmoreblindchildrentoimprovetheirlife."We'veservedover10,000studentsinnearly40countries,"hetellsthereporter."Manystudentsaresurprisedhowquicklyresultscome.Seeingisn'tintheeyes.It'sinthemind."（1）Kishmovesaroundusingsonarbecause________.A.

heisgoodatmakingclicksB.

itmakeshim"see"theworldC.

hehasagreatinterestinscienceD.

itisimportantforhimtokeephealthy（2）Whichofthefollowingistherightordershowinghowthesonarworks?①Thesoundwavesreflectoffsurfaces.②Thepersonmakesaclickingsound.③Thebrainturnsthesoundintopictures.④Thesoundwavesreachtheperson'sears.A.

①④③②

B.

②①④③

C.

①④②③

D.

②③①④（3）WhatcanwelearnaboutWorldAccessfortheBlind（WAFTB）fromthepassage?A.

Itofferstheblindfreebicycles.B.

Itsellssonarproductstotheblind.C.

Itteachestheblindtousesonar.D.

Ithelpstheblindfindmorefriends.（4）Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe________.A.

LivingwithoutfearB.

TravelingwiththeblindC.

HopingforthefutureD.

Lookingaroundtheworld【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：丹尼尔虽然失明，但是他能利用声呐帮助他行动。他于2000年成立了世界盲人通道组织，教其他人如何使用声纳。他很高兴能够帮助更多的失明儿童改善他们的生活。（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句WhenImakeaclicksound,itproducessoundwaves.Thesewavesreflect（反射）offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.Mybrainthendealswiththesoundandturnsitintopicturesinmymind.Eachclickislikeacameraflash,whichhelpsmemakea3-Dpictureofmysurroundingsforhundredsoffeet.It'slikehavingaconversationwiththeenvironment."

理解可知，丹尼尔主要利用声呐来帮助他看清周围的世界，故选B。（2）根据文中的语句HeWhenImakeaclicksound,itproducessoundwaves.

可知，第一句应该是Thepersonmakesaclickingsound.根据文中的语句Thesewavesreflect（反射）offsurfacesallaroundandreturntomyears.

理解可知，第二句应该是Thesoundwavesreflectoffsurfaces.第三句是Thesoundwavesreachtheperson'sears.根据语句Mybrainthendealswiththesoundandturnsitintopicturesinmymind.

理解可知，第四句应该是Thebrainturnsthesoundintopictures.它们的顺序是②①④③，故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句AndhestartedtheorganizationWorldAccessfortheBlind（WAFTB）in2000,teachingothershowtousesonar.

理解可知，丹尼尔创建WAFTB的目的就是教其他盲人学会利用声呐，故选C。（4）标题归纳题。根据文中的语句Kishfeelsitisexcitingtorideabikeusingsonar,althoughheneedstoclicktwiceasecond,muchmorethanheusuallydoes."Itmaysoundabitdangeroustomovearoundtheworldinthisway,"hesays."Butmostpeopleintheworldliveinfearofthingsthattheyimagine.Ilovehikingandmountain-biking.Igoalmosteverywhere.AndI'veneverhadanaccidentandhurtmyself."理解可知，本文主要介绍了丹尼尔虽然失明，但是没有被面临的困难吓倒，仍然利用声呐到处行走，并且没有出现事故。这就告诉人们要敢于面对生活中的困难，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。5．根据短文内容，判断句子正误。

Alicewasastudentinasecondaryschool.Theschoolwasontheothersideofthestreetfrommyhouse.Everyday.Iwatchedherplaybasketballafterschoolfrommyhouse.Sheplayedverywell,muchbetterthananyotherofherclassmates.Andsheneverstopped.Shepractisedoverandoveragain,sometimesuntilitwasverydark.

Oneday,Iaskedher,"whydoyoupractisesohard?Youareplayingverywell."

"That'sbecauseIwanttoplayinthecitybasketballteam,"shelookedatmeandsaidproudly."ButI'mstillnotgoodenough.Imustworkhard."Iwasmovedbyhergreatcourage.

Anotherday,Isawhercryingonthegrass,insteadofplayingbasketball.Iwalkedacrossthestreetandsatdownbyherside.

"Whyareyoucrying,girl?"Iasked.

"ThecoachofthecitybasketballteamtoldmethatIcouldn'tgoonplayingbasketballbecauseIwastooshort."

Butsomedayslater,Isawherplayingbasketballagain,practisingevenharderthanbefore.Iwascurious（好奇的）andaskedherthereason."Myfathertoldmeifmydreamisbigenough,nothingcanstopme."Iwasmovedagain.（1）Alice'sschoolwasnotfarawayfromthewriter'shome.（2）ThewriterwastouchedwhenheheardwhatAlicesaidinthethirdparagraph.（3）FromthepassageweknowAlicewasahard-workinggirl.（4）Alice'sfathertoldherthatshewastooshorttogoonplayingbasketball.（5）Alicemightgiveupplayingbasketballaccordingtothelastparagraph.【答案】（1）1（2）1（3）1（4）0（5）0【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Alice因为不能继续打篮球，非常难过。（1）推理题。根据Iwatchedherplaybasketballafterschoolfrommyhouse放学后，我在家看她打篮球，可知爱丽丝的学校离作家的家不远，故正确。（2）细节题。根据Iwasmovedbyhergreatcourage，可知当作者听到爱丽丝所说的话时，他很感动，故正确。（3）推理题。根据Shepractisedoverandoveragain,sometimesuntilitwasverydark她一遍又一遍地练习，有时直到天黑，可知从文章中我们知道爱丽丝是一个勤奋的女孩，故正确。（4）细节题。根据ThecoachofthecitybasketballteamtoldmethatIcouldn'tgoonplayingbasketballbecauseIwastooshort教练告诉我，我不能继续打篮球，因为我太矮了，可知爱丽丝的父亲告诉她，她太矮了，不能继续打篮球是错的，故错误。（5）推理题。根据nothingcanstopm没有什么能阻止我，可知爱丽丝可能会放弃打篮球是错的，故错误。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。6．阅读理解

Maybewethreewerethemostunluckygraduatesinourschoolhistory.I'llneverforgetthedaywhenwehadourgraduationceremony（毕业典礼）.

Iwasknownforbeingcareless.Ioftenfelldownfornoreason.SinceIfelloffthestage（舞台）duringmyPrimaryGraduationCeremony,myfamilybet（打赌）thatIwouldfalldownagainduringmynextgraduationceremony.Thedaycamesoquickly.Thistime,Iproudlymadeitthroughthewholeceremonywithoutfalling.butIknockedoverthewholebackdrop（背景板）usedtotakepicturesforgraduates!Ifeltsoembarrassed（尴尬的）thewholemorning.

MyfriendJuliawasevenmoreembarrassed.Whenshetogetherwithallthegraduateswassittingquietlyinthehallateightinthemorning,shedidn'texpectherfathertocometoattendherceremonybecausehewasreallybusythen.Thehallwasveryquietandyoucouldevenhearapin（针）dropontheground.Whenallofasudden,outofthesilence,sheheard"Hey,

Julia!"EveryoneinthehalllookedbehindandfoundJulia'sfather,withacamerainhishand,smilingather!

Tiffanywasthemostbeautifulgirlofusthree.Shelovedallkindsofdresses.Onthatday,shedressedherselfbeautifullyandwantedtohavesomebeautifulphotos.Unluckily,itwasoneofthewindiestdaysofourlife.Thewindblewherbeautifuldressupinfrontofthewholegraduateclass!Shedidn'tknowwhethertocryorlaugh.

Lucky?Unlucky?Solucky!Allofthesebecametheunforgettablepartofourlife!（1）Thewriterwasvery

inherdailylife.A.

careless

B.

careful

C.

friendly

D.

lazy（2）Julia'sfather

atthegraduationceremony.A.

satquietlyinhisseatB.

wasbusywithhisworkC.

tookpicturesforherD.

droppedapinontheground（3）Thisstoryhappenedona

morning.A.

cloudy

B.

windy

C.

sunny

D.

rainy（4）Tiffanywasembarrassedbecause

thatday.A.

shefelloffthestageB.

shedidn'thavebeautifuldressesC.

herdresswasblownupD.

herphotosweren'tunforgettable（5）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.

Thegirlsweren'tinthesameschool.B.

Thewriterknockedoverthebackdrop.C.

Juliaknewthatherfatherwouldcome.D.

Tiffanylovedallkindsofshoes.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了在毕业典礼上，三个孩子身上所发生的的尴尬的事。幸运？不吉利？如此幸运！所有这些都成为人们生活中难忘的一部分！（1）细节理解题，根据Iwasknownforbeingcareless.可知，作者在平常生活中很粗心，故答案是A。（2）逻辑推理题，根据EveryoneinthehalllookedbehindandfoundJulia'sfather,withacamerainhishand,smilingather!可知朱莉的爸爸在为朱莉拍照，故答案是C。（3）细节理解题，根据Thewindblewherbeautifuldressupinfrontofthewholegraduateclass!

可知风把她漂亮的衣服在全班同学面前吹起来了，所以那天上午是一个大风天，故答案是B。（4）细节理解题，根据倒数第二段的叙述可知蒂芙尼窘迫的原因是漂亮的裙子被风吹起来了，故答案是C。（5）正误判断题，根据

Iknockedoverthewholebackdrop（背景板）usedtotakepicturesforgraduates!

可知作者弄到了拍照用的背景板，因此A的陈述是正确的，故答案是B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、逻辑推理题和正误判断题几种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，按照一定的逻辑推理方式推断出需要的信息正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据短文内容进行判断。7．阅读理解

China'ssecondfemaleastronaut,WangYaping,hasgiventhecountry'sfirst-evervideolecturefromspace.Thewholelecturelastedabout40minutes.

Speakingtostudentsthroughlivevideo,fromtheTiangong-Ispacelaboratory,Ms.Wangusedspinningtops（旋转的陀螺）,aballandsomewatertoexplainphysicsinzero-gravity（失重）,withthehelpofafellowastronaut.

Ms.Wanguseddifferentexperimentstodemonstratetheconceptsofweightandmass（重量和质量的概念）inspace.Towardstheendoftheclass,Ms.Wangmadeafilm（薄膜）ofwaterusingametalring.Shethenturnedthefilmofwaterintoawaterballbypouringmorewaterontoit.

Around330primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentswatchedthelecturefromaspecialclassroominBeijing,wheretheycouldalsoaskMs.Wangquestionsthroughlivevideo.Fromtimetotime,thestudentsgreetedherlecturewithwarmapplause（掌声）.

Whenansweringastudent'squestion,Ms.Wangdescribedwhatshecouldseeinspace."Thestarsweseearemuchbrighter,buttheydonottwinkle（闪烁）,"shesaid,"Theskyweseeisn'tblue,butblack.Andeveryday,wecanseethesunrise16timesbecausewecircletheEarthevery90minutes."

About60millionstudentsandteachersaroundChinaalsowatchedthelectureliveonTV.（1）What'sthepurpose（目的）ofthespacelecture?A.

Toexplainphysicsofzero-gravityinspace.B.

Todemonstratetheconceptofweightandmassinspace.C.

Totelluswhatcanbeseeninspace.D.

ToshowthattheEarthisfarawayfromspace.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"demonstrate"inthepassagemostprobablymeaninChinese?A.

区别

B.

强调

C.

传授

D.

演示（3）Towardstheendofthelecture,WangYapingmadeafilmofwatersoasto

.A.

playwithit

B.

useametalringC.

turnitintoawaterball

D.

pourmorewaterontoit（4）About

studentsandteacherswatchedthelecturebothfromaspecialclassroomandonTV.A.

330

B.

60,000,000

C.

6,000,330

D.

60,000,330（5）WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.

WangYapingisChina'ssecondfemaleastronaut.B.

WangYapinggavethelecturefromspaceallbyherself.C.

Thelecturewaswarmlywelcomedbythestudents.D.

Theskyisn'tbluebutblackwhenastronautsseeitinspace.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：中国的第二位女宇航员王亚平已经在空间上发表了全国第一个视频讲座。数以千万计的学生通过看电视观看精彩的表演。学生对太空和科学产生了很大的兴趣，他们梦想自己成为一个航天员。（1）细节理解题，根据文中的语句Ms.Wangusedspinningtops（旋转的陀螺）,aballandsomewatertoexplainphysicsinzero-gravity（失重）,withthehelpofafellowastronaut.理解可知，太空实验的目的就是来解释零重力下的物理。故选A。（2）词义理解题，根据文中的语句Ms.Wanguseddifferentexperimentstodemonstratetheconceptsofweightandmass（重量和质量的概念）inspace.理解可知女士用不同的实验演示了太空中重量和质量的概念。故选D。（3）细节理解题，根据文中的语句Shethenturnedthefilmofwaterintoawaterballbypouringmorewaterontoit.理解可知，王女士拍电影的目的就是将它变成一个小水珠，故选C。（4）细节理解题，根据文中的语句

Around330primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentswatchedthelecturefromaspecialclassroominBeijing,以及

About60millionstudentsandteachersaroundChinaalsowatchedthelectureliveonTV.理解可知，全国将有60,000,330人观看了这堂讲座，故选D。（5）细节理解题，根据文中的语句

Ms.Wangusedspinningtops（旋转的陀螺）,aballandsomewatertoexplainphysicsinzero-gravity（失重）,withthehelpofafellowastronaut.理解可知，王女士在同伴的帮助下，给全国的观众上了这堂课，而不是她自己，选项B的描述是错误的，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项8．阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Acitywithoutcarswouldbeverystrange,right?ButVeniceissuchacity.

Veniceisinthenorth-eastofItaly.Itwasn'tbuiltonland,likeBeijingorShanghai,butonmorethan110islands.Seawateriseverywherearoundthecity.

Evenso,travelisn'tdifficult.Thewaterwayshavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogetaround.Thereare177waterwaysandmorethan400bridgesthatcanguideyouwhereyouwanttogo.PeopleinVenicemovefromplacetoplacebyboat.Theyliketoenjoythesceneryandthecoolsummernightwhiletakingboattrips.Theycantalktootherpeopleastheygoalong.

VenicegrewoutofsmallislandsinsaltwaterlakeswhensomeItaliansescapedfromawarover1,500yearsago,andbuilthomesthere.

Watermakesthecityspecial,butitisalsoabigproblem.Sometimestouristswillhavesuchstrangeexperiences.OnemomenttheywalkacrosstheRialtoBridge,andthere'snothingspecialbutwhentheycomebacktothebridgeanhourlater,it'sunderwaterandeveryoneiswearingrainshoes.

Once,peopleusedtoomuchundergroundwater.Thismadethecitygetlowerlittlebylittle.Nowthecityhasgonedownby23centimetres.Anotherproblemistherisingseawater.Thetemperaturehasrisenovertheyears.ThishasmadetheiceoftheArcticOcean（北冰洋）melt（融化）.

Everyyear,highwatershitthecityinautumnandwinter.Whenalotofwatercomes,morethanhalfofthecityisunderwater.

Scientistsaretryingdifferentwaystostopthecityfromgettingevenlower.TheItaliangovernmenthasaskedsomeofItaly'sbiggestcompaniestobuildtheMOSTproject,whichwasplannedtobebuiltundertheseawatertostoptherisingwater.Anyway,thisprojectishelpingsolvetheproblem.（1）Accordingtothepassage,Veniceis________ofItaly.A.

inthenorth-east

B.

inthewest

C.

inthesouth-west

D.

inthesouth（2）________havealwaysbeenthebestwaytogohereandthereinthecity.A.

Taxisandcars

B.

Thewaterways

C.

400bridges

D.

Boatsandrainshoes（3）Venice________smallislandsinsaltwaterlakesmorethan1,500yearsago.A.

changedinto

B.

turnedinto

C.

became

D.

developedfrom（4）WhichisNOTthereasonwhythecitygetslowerandlower?A.

Thehighertemperature.B.

Overusedundergroundwater.C.

Toomanywaterways.D.

Therisingseawater.（5）Thepassageismainlyabout________ofVenice.A.

thewaterwaysandbridgesB.

theMOSTprojectandproblemsC.

thefeaturesandproblemsD.

thehistoryandscenery【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C（5）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了威尼斯是一座水上城市，还有它的地理位置，近况以及面临的问题。（1）细节理解题。根据VeniceisinthenortheastofItaly．可知威尼斯位于意大利的东北部。故选A。（2）

细节理解题。根据Thewaterwayshavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogetaround．可知水路是最好的出行方式。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据VenicegrewoutofsmallislandsinsaltwaterlakeswhensomeItaliansescapedfromawarover1，500yearsago，andbuilthomesthere．可知威尼斯从咸水湖小岛发展而成。故选D。（4）细节理解题。根据Once，peopleusedtoomuchundergroundwater．Thismadethecitygetlowerlittlebylittle．Nowthecityhasgonedownby23centimeters．Anotherproblemistherisi