河北成人学位英语考试模拟卷及答案

河北成人学位英语考试模拟卷及答案一、词汇和语法（共30小题；每小题1分，共30分）从每题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。1.Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_____hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.A.tobebasedonB.tobaseonC.whichtobaseonD.onwhichtobase2._____thedangerfromenemyaction,peoplehadtocopewithasevereshortageoffood,clothing,fuel,andalmosteverything.A.AsfarasB.AslongasC.AswellasD.Assoonas3.Manypeoplelosttheirjobsduringthebusiness_____.A.desperationB.decreaseC.despairD.depression4.Heis_____abouthischancesofwinningagoldmedalintheOlympicsnextyear.A.optimisticB.optionalC.outstandingD.obvious5.Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshis_____orsocialposition.A.curiosityB.statusC.determinationD.significance6.Bylaw,whenonemakesalargepurchase,heshouldhave_____opportunitytochangehismind.A.accurateB.urgentC.excessiveD.adequate7.Youwillseethisproduct_____whereveryougo.A.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising8.Theearlypioneershadto_____manyhardshipstosettleonthenewland.A.goalongwithB.gobackonC.gothroughD.gointo9.Thesuggestionthatthemajor_____theprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.A.wouldpresentB.presentC.presentsD.oughttopresent10.Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmaledrinkers,_____overallconsumptionissignificantlyhigherthanthatofwomen.A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.what11.Peter,whohadbeendrivingallday,suggested_____atthenexttown.A.tostopB.stoppingC.stopD.havingstopped12.Ididn'tknowtheword.Ihadto_____adictionary.A.lookoutB.makeoutC.refertoD.goover13.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme_____ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.A.informedB.informingC.tobeinformedD.havinginformed14.Thesaleusuallytakesplaceoutsidethehouse,withtheaudience_____onbenches,chairsorboxes.A.havingseatedB.seatingC.seatedD.havingbeenseated15.Thiskindofglassesmanufacturedbyexperiencedcraftsmen_____comfortably.A.iswornB.wearsC.wearingD.areworn16.Somediseasesare_____bycertainwateranimals.A.transplantedB.transformedC.transportedD.transmitted17.Wouldn'tyouratheryourchild_____tobedearly?A.goB.wentC.wouldgoD.goes18.AlthoughAnneishappywithhersuccessshewonders_____willhappentoherprivatelife.A.thatB.whatC.itD.this19.Thewordsofhisoldteacherlefta_____impressiononhismind.Heisstillinfluencedbythem.A.longB.livelyC.lastingD.liberal20.Mike'suncleinsists_____inthishotel.A.stayingnotB.nottostayC.thathewouldnotstayD.thathenotstay21.Weagreedtoaccept_____theythoughtwasthebesttouristguide.A.whateverB.whomeverC.whicheverD.whoever22.Itisour_____policythatwewillachieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.A.consistentB.continuousC.considerateD.continual23.Between1974and1997,thenumberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded_____27%.A.byB.forC.toD.in24.Althoughmanypeopleviewconflictasbad,conflictissometimesuseful_____itforcespeopletotesttherelativemeritsoftheirattitudesandbehaviors.A.bywhichB.towhichC.inthatD.sothat25.Heis_____abouthischancesofwinningagoldmedalintheOlympicsnextyear.A.optimisticB.optionalC.outstandingD.obvious26.Thedirectorwascritical_____thewayweweredoingthework.A.atB.inC.ofD.with27.Inasudden_____ofanger,themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.A.attackB.burstC.splitD.blast28._____sherealizeditwastoolatetogohome.A.NosooneritgrewdarkthanB.HardlydiditgrowdarkthatC.ScarcelyhaditgrowndarkthanD.Itwasnotuntildarkthat29.InBritainpeople_____fourmilliontonsofpotatoeseveryyear.A.swallowB.disposeC.consumeD.exhaust30.I'd_____hisreputationwithotherfarmersandbusinesspeopleinthecommunity,andthenmakeadecisionaboutwhetherornottoapprovealoan.A.takeintoaccountB.accountforC.makeupforD.makeout二、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Passage1Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Negativeeventslike“seriousillnessofafamilymember”werehighonthelist,butsoweresomepositivelifechangingevents,likemarriage.WhenyoutaketheHolmesRahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyouhandletheseeventsdramaticallyaffectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.Bytheearly1970s,hundredsofsimilarstudieshadfollowedHolmesandRahe.AndmillionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports.Somehow,theresearchgotboileddowntoamemorablemessage.Women'smagazinesranheadlineslike“Stresscausesillness!”Ifyouwanttostayphysicallyandmentallyhealthy,thearticlessaid,avoidstressfulevents.Butsuchsimplisticadviceisimpossibletofollow.Evenifstressfuleventsaredangerous,many—likethedeathofalovedone—areimpossibletoavoid.Moreover,anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription(处方)forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastrouble.Sinceanychangecanbestressful,apersonwhowantedtobecompletelyfreeofstresswouldnevermarry,haveachild,takeanewjobormove.Thenotionthatallstressmakesyousickalsoignoresalotofwhatweknowaboutpeople.Itassumeswe'reallvulnerable(脆弱的)andpassiveinthefaceofadversity(逆境).Butwhatabouthumaninitiativeandcreativity?Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalvigorthantheyhadbefore.Wealsoknowthatalongtimewithoutchangeorchallengecanleadtoboredom,andphysicalandmentalstrain.1.TheresultofHolmesRahe'smedicalresearchtellsus_____.A.thewayyouhandlemajoreventsmaycausestressB.whatshouldbedonetoavoidstressC.whatkindofeventwouldcausestressD.howtocopewithsuddenchangesinlife2.Thestudiesonstressintheearly1970sledto_____.A.widespreadconcernoveritsharmfuleffectsB.greatpanicoverthementaldisorderitcouldcauseC.anintensiveresearchintostressrelatedillnessesD.popularavoidanceofstressfuljobs3.ThescoreoftheHolmesRahetestshows_____.A.howmuchpressureyouareunderB.howpositiveeventscanchangeyourlifeC.howstressfulamajoreventcanbeD.howyoucandealwithlifechangingevents4.Whyis“suchsimplisticadvice”(Line1,Para.3)impossibletofollow?A.Noonecanstayonthesamejobforlong.B.Noprescriptioniseffectiveinrelievingstress.C.Peoplehavetogetmarriedsomeday.D.Youcouldbemissingopportunitiesaswell.5.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewhohaveexperiencedupsanddownsmaybecome_____.A.nervouswhenfacedwithdifficultiesB.physicallyandmentallystrainedC.morecapableofcopingwithadversityD.indifferenttowardwhathappenstothemPassage2Thefitnessmovementthatbeganinthelate1960sandearly1970scenteredaroundaerobicexercise(有氧操).Millionsofindividualsbecameengagedinavarietyofaerobicactivities,andliterallythousandsofhealthspasdevelopedaroundthecountrytocapitalize(获利)onthisemerginginterestinfitness,particularlyaerobicdancingforfemales.Anumberoffitnessspasexistedpriortothisaerobicfitnessmovement,evenanationalchainwithspasinmostmajorcities.However,theirfocuswasnotonaerobics,butratheronweighttrainingprogramsdesignedtodevelopmuscularmass,strength,andenduranceintheirprimarilymaleenthusiasts.Thesefitnessspasdidnotseemtobenefitfinanciallyfromtheaerobicfitnessmovementtobetterhealth,sincemedicalopinionsuggestedthatweighttrainingprogramsofferedfew,ifany,healthbenefits.Inrecentyears,however,weighttraininghasagainbecomeincreasinglypopularformalesandforfemales.Manycurrentprogramsfocusnotonlyondevelopingmuscularstrengthandendurancebutalsoonaerobicfitnessaswell.Historically,mostphysicalfitnesstestshaveusuallyincludedmeasuresofmuscularstrengthandendurance,notforhealthrelatedreasons,butprimarilybecausesuchfitnesscomponentshavebeenrelatedtoperformanceinathletics.However,inrecentyears,evidencehasshownthattrainingprogramsdesignedprimarilytoimprovemuscularstrengthandendurancemightalsooffersomehealthbenefitsaswell.TheAmericanCollegeofSportsMedicinenowrecommendsthatweighttrainingbepartofatotalfitnessprogramforhealthyAmericans.IncreasedparticipationinsuchtrainingisoneofthespecificphysicalactivityandfitnessobjectivesofHealthyPeople2000:NationalHealthPromotionandDiseasePreventionObjectives.1.Theword“spas”(Line3,Para.1)mostprobablyrefersto_____.A.sportsactivitiesB.placesforphysicalexerciseC.recreationcentersD.athletictrainingprograms2.Earlyfitnessspaswereintendedmainlyfor_____.A.thepromotionofaerobicexerciseB.enduranceandmusculardevelopmentC.theimprovementofwomen'sfiguresD.betterperformanceinaerobicdancing3.Whatwastheattitudeofdoctorstowardsweighttraininginhealthimprovement?A.Positive.B.Indifferent.C.Negative.D.Cautious.4.Peopleweregivenphysicalfitnesstestsinordertofindout_____.A.howwelltheycoulddoinathleticsB.whattheirhealthconditionwaslikeC.whatkindoffitnesscomponentstheyhadD.whethertheywerefitforaerobicexercise5.Recentstudieshavesuggestedthatweighttraining_____.A.hasbecomeanessentialpartofpeople'slifeB.maywellaffectthehealthofthetraineesC.willattractmorepeopleinthedaystocomeD.contributestohealthimprovementaswellPassage3Whatmightdrivingonanautomatedhighwaybelike?Theanswerdependsonwhatkindofsystemisultimatelyadopted.Twodistincttypesareonthedrawingboard.Thefirstisaspecialpurposelanesystem,inwhichcertainlanesarereservedforautomatedvehicles.Thesecondisamixedtrafficsystem:fullyautomatedvehicleswouldsharetheroadwithpartiallyautomatedormanuallydrivencars.Aspecialpurposelanesystemwouldrequiremoreextensivephysicalmodificationstoexistinghighways,butitpromisesthegreatestgainsinfreeway(高速公路)capacity.Undereitherscheme,thedriverwouldspecifythedesireddestination,furnishingthisinformationtoacomputerinthecaratthebeginningofthetriporperhapsjustbeforereachingtheautomatedhighway.Ifamixedtrafficsystemwasinplace,automateddrivingcouldbeginwheneverthedriverwasonsuitablyequippedroads.Ifspecialpurposelaneswereavailable,thecarcouldenterthemandjoinexistingtrafficintwoways.Onemethodwoulduseaspecialonramp(入口引道).Asthedriverapproachedthepointofentryforthehighway,devicesinstalledontheroadsidewouldelectronicallycheckthevehicletodetermineitsdestinationandtoascertainthatithadtheproperautomationequipmentingoodworkingorder.Assumingthiswasthecase,thedriverwouldbeguidedthroughagateandtowardanautomatedlane.Inthiscase,thetransitionfrommanualtoautomatedcontrolwouldtakeplaceontheentranceramp.Analternativetechniquecouldemployasimplekeyboard:adriverwoulddialthedesireddestinationonthekeyboardandthecarwouldthenautomaticallychecktheroadconditionsandfindanappropriatelaneinwhichtoenterautomatically.Ineithercase,thecarwouldbeonitsownonceithadenteredtheautomatedlane.Thedriverwouldjustsitbackandrelaxandleavethedrivingtotheautomatedsystem.Automatedvehicleswouldprobablyoperatebestonadedicatedlane.However,amixedtrafficsystemwouldbeamorerealisticsolutioninthelongrun.Suchasystemwouldallowcarsandbusestoenter,exit,changelanes,andpassoneanothereithermanuallyorautomaticallyonthesamestretchofroad.Itcouldalsoaccommodatetrucks,whichwouldprovidethesameserviceasanyothervehiclesontheautomatedhighway.1.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthattwosystemsofautomatedhighways_____.A.arebeingplannedB.arebeingmodifiedC.arenowinwideuseD.areunderconstruction2.Aspecialpurposelanesystemisprobablyadvantageousinthat_____.A.itwouldrequireonlyminorchangestoexistinghighwaysB.itwouldachievethegreatesthighwaytrafficefficiencyC.ithasalaneforbothautomatedandpartiallyautomatedvehiclesD.itoffersmorelanesforautomatedvehicles3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutdrivingonanautomatedhighway?A.Vehiclestravelingonitareassigneddifferentlanesaccordingtotheirdestinations.B.Acarcanjoinexistingtrafficanytimeinamixedtrafficsystem.C.Thedrivershouldinformhiscarcomputerofhisdestinationbeforedrivingontoit.D.Thedrivershouldsharetheautomatedlanewiththoseofregularvehicles.4.Weknowfromthepassagethatacarcanenteraspecialpurposelane_____.A.bysmoothlymergingwithcarsontheconventionallaneB.bywayofarampwithelectroniccontroldevicesC.throughaspeciallyguardedgateD.afterallpassengersarecheckedout5.Whendrivinginanautomatedlane,thedriver_____.A.shouldharmoniouslywithnewlyenteringcarsB.doesn'thavetorelyonhiscomputersystemC.shouldwatchoutforothercarsD.doesn'thavetodoanydriving三、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe1860sand1870sforthe1ofpoorchildren.Mostoftheinstitutionswere2charitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,thedaynurserymovementreceivedgreat3duringtheFirstWorldWar,when4ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedented(前所未有的)numbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished5inmunitions(军火)plants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.6thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose7,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,8,federal,state,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol9thedaynurseries,chieflyby10themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.1.A.sakeB.honorC.respectD.interest2.A.hardlyB.merelyC.onlyD.almost3.A.impetusB.inputC.imitationD.initiative4.A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortageD.reduction5.A.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.even6.A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although7.A.unanimouslyB.sharplyC.predominantlyD.militantly8.A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.howeverD.moreover9.A.overB.inC.atD.about10.A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing四、翻译（共4题；每题5分，共20分）1.这个问题值得仔细考虑。2.他的成功归功于他的努力和智慧。3.无论遇到什么困难，我们都要坚持下去。4.越来越多的人意识到保护野生动物的重要性。答案及解析一、词汇和语法1.D。本题考查“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构。base...on...是固定搭配，意为“把……建立在……基础上”，这里用onwhichtobase作后置定语，修饰grounds。2.C。aswellas表示“除……之外，也”，符合语境，即除了敌人的行动带来的危险，人们还要应对物资短缺问题。asfaras意为“就……而言”；aslongas意为“只要”；assoonas意为“一……就……”。3.D。depression有“经济萧条”之意，businessdepression表示“商业萧条”，符合文意。desperation意为“绝望”；decrease意为“减少”；despair意为“绝望”。4.A。optimistic意为“乐观的”，beoptimisticabout是固定搭配，表示“对……乐观”，这里说他对明年在奥运会上获得金牌的机会很乐观。optional意为“可选择的”；outstanding意为“杰出的”；obvious意为“明显的”。5.B。status意为“地位”，与socialposition意思相近，衣服可以表达一个人的身份或社会地位。curiosity意为“好奇心”；determination意为“决心”；significance意为“重要性”。6.D。adequate意为“足够的，适当的”，anadequateopportunity表示“足够的机会”，符合语境，即法律规定，当一个人进行大笔购买时，他应该有足够的机会改变主意。accurate意为“准确的”；urgent意为“紧急的”；excessive意为“过度的”。7.B。product与advertise之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词advertised作宾语补足语，seesth.done表示“看到某物被……”。8.C。gothrough有“经历，经受”之意，这里说早期的拓荒者必须经历很多艰难困苦才能在新土地上定居。goalongwith意为“赞同，和……一起去”；gobackon意为“违背，背弃”；gointo意为“进入，从事”。9.B。suggestion表示“建议”时，其后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，所以这里用present。10.A。whose引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰overallconsumption，即男性饮酒者的总体饮酒量比女性高。11.B。suggestdoingsth.是固定用法，表示“建议做某事”，所以用stopping。12.C。referto有“查阅”之意，这里说不知道这个单词，得查阅字典。lookout意为“小心，注意”；makeout意为“辨认出，理解”；goover意为“复习，检查”。13.A。keepsb.informedof是固定搭配，意为“让某人了解……”，informed是过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动。14.C。seat是及物动词，常用搭配beseated或seatoneself，表示“就座”，这里用seated作宾语补足语，withtheaudienceseated...表示“观众坐在……上”。15.B。某些表示事物特性的动词，如wear,write,sell等，用主动形式表示被动意义，wearcomfortably表示“戴着舒服”。16.D。transmit有“传播，传染”之意，这里说一些疾病是由某些水生动物传播的。transplant意为“移植”；transform意为“转变，改变”；transport意为“运输”。17.B。wouldrather后面的从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望，所以用went。18.B。wonder后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，what可以在从句中作主语，所以选what。19.C。lasting意为“持久的，永恒的”，alastingimpression表示“持久的印象”，符合文意，即老师的话给他留下了持久的印象。long意为“长的”；lively意为“活泼的”；liberal意为“自由主义的”。20.D。insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，所以选thathenotstay。21.D。theythought是插入语，这里缺少宾语从句的主语，且指人，所以用whoever。22.A。consistent意为“一贯的，一致的”，consistentpolicy表示“一贯的政策”，符合语境，即我们通过和平手段实现统一是一贯的政策。continuous意为“连续不断的”；considerate意为“体贴的”；continual意为“频繁的”。23.A。expandby表示“增长了……”，这里说海外游客的数量增长了27%。24.C。inthat表示“因为”，引导原因状语从句，即冲突有时是有用的，因为它迫使人们检验自己态度和行为的相对优点。25.A。同第4题，optimistic意为“乐观的”，beoptimisticabout表示“对……乐观”。26.C。becriticalof是固定搭配，意为“对……挑剔，对……持批评态度”。27.B。aburstofanger表示“一阵怒火”，符合语境，即那个人突然一阵怒火，把能拿到的东西都撕毁了。attack意为“攻击”；split意为“分裂”；blast意为“爆炸”。28.D。Itwasnotuntil...that...是强调句型，强调时间状语，意为“直到……才……”。Nosooner...than...和Hardly...when...结构中，nosooner和hardly后面要用过去完成时，且要部分倒装；scarcely...when...是固定搭配，而不是than。29.C。consume意为“消费，消耗”，这里说英国人每年消费四百万吨土豆。swallow意为“吞咽”；dispose意为“处理，处置”；exhaust意为“耗尽，使精疲力竭”。30.A。takeintoaccount意为“考虑到，顾及”，这里说要考虑他在社区里其他农民和商人中的声誉，然后再决定是否批准贷款。accountfor意为“解释，说明”；makeupfor意为“弥补”；makeout意为“辨认出，理解”。二、阅读理解Passage11.C。根据第一段内容，HolmesRahe开发了一个压力事件清单，他们认识到任何重大变化都可能带来压力，清单中既有负面事件也有正面事件，所以研究结果告诉我们什么样的事件会导致压力。2.A。从第二段“millionsofAmericanswhoworkandliveunderstressworriedoverthereports”以及“Women'smagazinesranheadlineslike‘Stresscausesillness!’”可以看出，20世纪70年代初关于压力的研究导致了人们对压力有害影响的广泛关注。3.A。第一段提到“WhenyoutaketheHolmesRahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith”，说明测试分数显示的是你承受的压力大小。4.D。第三段提到“anywarningtoavoidallstressfuleventsisaprescription(处方)forstayingawayfromopportunitiesaswellastrouble”，即避免所有压力事件的建议不可行，因为这样会错过机会。5.C。最后一段提到“Manycomethroughperiodsofstresswithmorephysicalandmentalvigorthantheyhadbefore”，说明经历过起起落落的人可能更有能力应对逆境。Passage21.B。根据第一段“thousandsofhealthspasdevelopedaroundthecountrytocapitalize(获利)onthisemerginginterestinfitness”以及后文对其业务的描述，可知spas指的是进行体育锻炼的场所。2.B。第一段提到“However,theirfocuswasnotonaerobics,butratheronweighttrainingprogramsdesignedtodevelopmuscularmass,strength,andenduranceintheirprimarilymaleenthusiasts”，说明早期的健身中心主要是为了发展耐力和肌肉。3.C。第一段中说“medicalopinionsuggestedthatweighttrainingprogramsofferedfew,ifany,healthbenefits”，表明医生对举重训练改善健康持否定态度。4.A。第二段提到“Historically,mostphysicalfitnesstest