《计算机专业英语》课件第5章教学课件

TheIntroductionofWindowsXP

WhatIsWindowsXP?

WindowsXPisthelatestdesktopversionofMicrosoft’sWindowsseriesofprograms.It’stheupgradetotheconsumerversionsofWindows(95,98,andMe)aswellastothebusiness,server,andpoweruserversions(WindowsNTand2000).1Windowsisanoperatingsystem,aprogramthatmanagesyourentirecomputersystem,includingitsscreen,keyboard,diskdrives,memory,andcentralprocessor.Windowsalsoprovidesa

graphicaluserinterface,orGUI,whichenablesyoutocontrolyourcomputerbyusingamouse,windows,andicons.Youcanalsousethekeyboardtogivecommands;thisbookdescribesbothmethods.

VersionsofWindowsXPandWindows2002

Foryears,MicrosofthasproducedtwoeditionsofWindows,onefordesktops(thatis,forindividualusers,includingforuseonlaptops)andoneforservers(computersthatprovideservicesovernetworks).2ThedesktopversionswereWindows3.1,95,98,andMe,andwereintendedforworkstationuse—thatis,oncomputersthatpeopleuseddirectly.TheserverversionswereWindowsNT4,NT5,and2000,andwereintendedforuseonservers(computersthatprovideservicestoothercomputersonanetwork)aswellasforhigh-endusers.

WindowsXPisdesignedtoworkforindividualsandpowerusers,andcomesinitiallyinthreeversions:HomeEdition(forhomeandsmalloffices),Professional(foroffices),and64bitEdition(fortechnicalworkstationsthatusetheIntelItaniumCPU).Attheendof2001,MicrosoftplanstoreleasetwomoreeditionsofWindowsXP,renamedWindows.NET:Windows.NETServerandAdvancedServer(forservermachinesonsmallandlargenetworks).IfyouplantousetheWindows.NETServerorAdvancedServerversions,referto《Windows.NETServerandAdvancedServer:TheCompleteReference》byKathyIvens,(Osborne/McGrawHill,2001).TheMicrosoftWebsitecontainsdetailsaboutWindowsXPat/windowsxp.

YoucanupgradetoWindowsXPfromWindows98orMe,oryoucandoa“cleaninstall”toreplaceanypreviousversionofWindowsonyourcomputer.YoucanalsobuyacomputerwithWindowsXPpreinstalled.OnceWindowsXPisinstalled,youcanrunWindowscompatibleapplicationprograms(programsforgettingrealworldworkdone).3WindowsXPcomesbundledwithmanyprograms,mostofwhicharen’tactuallypartoftheoperatingsystem,includingInternetconnectionsoftware(dial-upconnections),ane-mailprogram(OutlookExpress),aWebbrowser(InternetExplorer),asimplewordprocessingprogram(WordPad),aninstantmessagingprogram(WindowsMessenger),localnetworksupport,utilitiesthathelpwithharddiskhousekeeping,anddozensofotherprograms.

WhatHardwareDoYouNeed?

WindowsXPrequiresthefollowingcomputerhardware:

·APentiumⅡ,PentiumⅢ,Celeron,compatible,orbetter

CPUrunningataspeedofatleast300MHz.

·Atleast64MBofRAMmemory(althoughMicrosoftrecommendsatleast128MB—it’snotreliablewithonly64MB).

·Aharddiskwithatleast2GBtotalspacewithatleast650

MBfree,dependingonwhichoptionsyouchoosetoinstall.

(Youmayneedmorefortemporaryfiles.)

·ACDROMorDVDdrivefromwhichtoinstallWindowsandothersoftware.

·Amonitor,keyboard,andmouseorotherpointingdevices.

·IfyouplantolistentosoundsplayedbyWindowsandother

programs,youneedasoundboardandspeakersattachedto

yourcomputer.Toparticipateinvoiceorvideochats,you

needamicrophoneordigitalvideocamera,too.

·IfyouplantouseyourcomputertoconnecttotheInternet,

youneedadial-up-modem

andaregularphoneline,an

ISDNmodemandanISDNline,aDSLmodemandaDSL

line,acablemodemandacableconnection,oralocalarea

networkconnection.NewWordsenablevt.①使能够，使成为可能，使实现；②为……提供方法(或机会条件)；③授予……权利，批准，许可iconn.图标laptopadj.放在膝上使用方便的；n.膝上计算机，便携机intendvt.①想要，打算，计划；②打算使……(成为)；③(为……而)准备high-endadj.高层次的，高档的individualadj.①个人的，个体的，供一个人用的，个别的，单独的；②独特的，个性的，个人(或个别事物)特有的initiallyadv.最初，开始releasevt.①释放，解放；②放开，放松，放出；③使免除(解除，摆脱)refervt.①把……归诸，认为……起源(于)；②把……归类(于)，把…归属(于)；③把……提(转)交，委托preinstallvt.预安装compatibleadj.①可和谐共存的，可和谐相处的；②相合适的，相协调的，一致的；③兼容的instantadj.①紧迫的，刻不容缓的；②立即的，即刻的n.①(某一)时刻；②瞬息，顷刻utilityn.①使用软件；②效用，功用，实用，功利temporaryadj.暂时的，临时的，一时的participatevi.①参与，参加；②分享，分担；③含有，带有PhrasesandExpressions

aswellas①除……之外(也)，和；②与……一样(程度)at(the)least至少，无论如何，不管怎样TheExplanationofDifficultStatements

1．Windowsisanoperatingsystem,aprogramthatmanagesyourentirecomputersystem,includingitsscreen,keyboard,diskdrives,memory,andcentralprocessor.

分析：that引导的定语从句修饰先行词aprogram,that在从句中作主语。

句意：Windows是一个操作系统，即一个用来管理整个计算机系统，包括显示器、键盘、磁盘驱动器、存储器和中央处理器的程序。

2．ThedesktopversionswereWindows3.1,95,98,andMe,andwereintendedforworkstationuse—thatis,oncomputersthatpeopleuseddirectly.

分析：thatis相当于thatistosay，意为换句话说，也就是说，即。例如：Thefareisreducedforchildren,thatis,anyoneunder15yearsold.儿童，即年龄在15岁以下者，票价有优惠。

句意：台式机版本是Windows3.1，95，98和Me，并被打算用于工作站，即用在人们可以直接使用的计算机上。

3．WindowsXPcomesbundledwithmanyprograms,mostofwhicharen’tactuallypartoftheoperatingsystem,includingInternetconnectionsoftware(dial-upconnections),ane-mailprogram(OutlookExpress)...

分析：which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词manyprograms，关系代词which在从句中作主语。

句意：WindowsXP带有许多程序，它们中的大多数实际上并不是操作系统的组成部分，这些程序包括Internet连接软件(拨号连接)、电子邮件程序(OutlookExpress)等。Exercises

Ⅰ.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext:(1)_________isthelatestdesktopversionofMicrosoft’sWindowsseriesofprograms.(2)_________isanoperatingsystem,aprogramthatmanagesyourentirecomputersystem,includingitsscreen,keyboard,diskdrives,memory,andcentralprocessor.(3)OnceWindowsXPisinstalled,youcanrun)_________applicationprograms(programsforgettingrealworldworkdone).(4)Aharddiskwithatleast_________totalspacewithatleast650MBfree,dependingonwhichoptionsyouchoosetoinstall.Ⅱ.Decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalseaccordingtothetext:(1)Windowsalsoprovidesagraphicaluserinterface,orGUI,whichenablesyoutocontrolyourcomputerbyusingamouse,windows,andicons.Youcan’talsousethekeyboardtogivecommands.(2)WindowsXPisdesignedtoworkforindividualsandpowerusers,andcomesinitiallyinthreeversions.(3)WindowsXPrequiresAPentiumⅠ,PentiumⅡ,Celeron,compatible,orbetterCPUrunningataspeedofatleast100MHz.(4)ACDROMorDVDdrivefromwhichtoinstallWindowsandothersoftwareisneeded.Ⅲ.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese:(1)It’stheupgradetotheconsumerversionsofWindows(95,98,andMe)aswellastothebusiness,server,andpoweruserversions(WindowsNTand2000).(2)Foryears,MicrosofthasproducedtwoeditionsofWindows,onefordesktops(thatis,forindividualusers,includingforuseonlaptops)andoneforservers(computersthatprovideservicesovernetworks).(3)YoucanupgradetoWindowsXPfromWindows98orMe,oryoucandoa“cleaninstall”toreplaceanypreviousversionofWindowsonyourcomputer.(4)IfyouplantolistentosoundsplayedbyWindowsandotherprograms,youneedasoundboardandspeakersattachedtoyourcomputer.Ⅳ.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese:WhatIstheStartMenu?

WhenyouclicktheStartbuttononthetaskbar,theStartmenuappears.YoucanalsodisplaytheStartmenubypressingtheWindowskey(ifyourkeyboardhasone)orbypressingCtrl+Esc.

TheStartmenulistscommandsandadditionalmenusthatlistmostoftheprogramsthatyoucanrunonyourcomputer.ItlookssomethinglikeFig.5-1.Fig.5-1

TheStartmenuhasfewercommandsthanappearedinpreviousversionsofWindows.TheSettingsandFavoritescommandsthatappearedinWindows98andMearegone.Asyouuseyourcomputer,WindowsaddscommandsforyourfrequentlyusedprogramstotheStartmenu.InstallingsomeprogramsaddscommandstotheStartmenu,too.YoucancustomizewhichprogramsappearontheStartmenuandhowtheyarearranged.Chapter2hasmoreinformationabouthowtorunprogramsfromtheStartmenu.Inthisbook,weindicatecommandsontheStartmenuanditssubmenuslikethis:“ChooseStart|HelpAndSupport”meansyoushouldclicktheStartbuttonandthenchoosetheHelpAndSupportcommandfromthemenuthatappears.．Tip

MostoftheprogramsavailableonyourcomputerappearontheStart|AllProgramsmenu(clickAllProgramsontheStartmenutoseeit).ThismenuwascalledProgramsinpreviousversionsofWindows.Ⅴ.Completethefollowingsentences:(1)Yourhairistoolong,itneed_________(cut).(2)Hehassomedifficultiesin_________(complete)histaskintime.(3)Iamproudof_________(elect)themonitor.(4)Haveyouforgot_________(promise)himtohelphissonyesterday?(5)_________(laugh)atothersisnotpolite.Ⅵ.PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish:(1)这辆旧车需要好好修理修理。(require)(2)那本书值得一读。(worthwhile)(3)关于到上海参观的事，你的观点如何？(thepointof)(4)你介意我在这里抽烟吗？(mind)(5)早睡早起是好的生活习惯。ReadingMaterials

WhatHappensDuringProgramInstallationandUn-installation?(Ⅰ)

Beforeyoucaninstallaprogram,youhavetogetit—youhavetobuyordownloadtheprogram.YoumayreceiveaprogramonaCDROM,asastackoffloppydiskorasafiledownloadedfromtheInternet.Onceyouhaveaprogram,youinstallit,usuallybyrunninganinstallationprogramtocopytheprogramtoyourhard-diskandconfigureittorunonyoursystem.Ifyoudownloadaprogram,itusuallyarrivesintheformofaninstallationfile(alsocalledadistributionfile),whichisacompressedfilecontainingallthefilesrequiredforaprogramtorun,alongwithaninstallationprogram.Forexample,theinstallationfilemaycontaintheinstallationprogram,theprogramitself,thehelpfilefortheprogram,andafewotherfilesthattheprogramneeds.Youcandownload(copy)installationfilesfromtheInternetorothersources.Ifyourcomputerisconnectedtoalocalareanetwork(LAN),theinstallationfilemaybestoredonanetworkdisk.Thefilesthatmakeuptheprogramareusuallycompressedtotakeuplessspaceandsothattheycanbepackagedtogetherasonefile.Wheninstallingprograms,youmustbeloggedonwithauseraccountthatisamemberoftheAdministratororPowerusergroup.LimitedandGuestuseraccountscan’tinstallprograms.Ifyouhaven’tsetupuseraccounts,youareprobablyloggedonautomaticallyasAdministrator(inWindowsXPProfessional)orOwner(inWindowsXPHomeEdition),whicharebothmembersoftheAdministratorgroup.NewWordsandExpressionsdistributionn.①分发(配、给、送)，配给物；②分配装置，分配系统compressvt.压紧，压缩，凝缩；vi.被压紧，压缩alongwith一道，一起logon登录，(与……)联机，进入(系统)administratorn.①(企业或团体的)管理人；②行政官员automaticallyadv.①自动地；②不加思索地，习惯性地，机械地professionaladv.①职业的，从事特定专业的；②职业性的，非业余性的；③专业人员的Questions(1)Wherecanyougetaprogrambeforeyouinstallaprogram?(2)InLAN,whocaninstallprograms?WhatHappensDuringProgramInstallationandUninstallation?(Ⅱ)

MostprogramscomewithaninstallationprogramnamedSetup.exeorInstall.exe.Whenyouinstallaprogram,theinstallationprogramusuallydoesthefollowing:

Looksforapreviousversionoftheprogramonyourharddisk.Ifitfindsapreviousversion,theprogrammayaskwhetheryouwanttoreplacethepreviousversion.

Createsafolderinwhichtostoretheprogramfiles.Mostinstallationprogramsaskwhereyou’dlikethisfolder.Someinstallationprogramsalsocreateadditionalfolderswithinthisfolder.WindowscreatesafoldernamedProgramFiles,usuallyinC:＼(ifWindowsisstoredinapartitionordriveotherthanC,theProgramFilesfolderisusuallyinthesamepartition).WerecommendyouinstallallyourprogramsinfolderswithintheProgramFilesfolder.SomesoftwarevendorshavethebadhabitofinstallingapplicationprogramsinlocationsotherthanyourProgramFilesfolder.Youcan’tdomuchaboutthis;theadditionalfoldersmayclutterupyourrootfolder,buttheydon’tdoanyharm.

Copiesthefilesontoyourharddisk.Iftheprogramfilesarecompressed,theinstallationprogramuncompressesthem.Usually,theinstallationprogramcopiesmostofthefilesintotheprogram’sfolder,butitmayalsoputsomefilesintoyourC:＼Windows,C:＼Windows＼System,orotherfolders.Checksyoursystemforthefilesandhardwareitneedstorun.Forexample,anInternetconnectionprogrammightcheckforamodem.

AddsentriestotheWindowsRegistrytotellWindowswhichtypesoffilestheprogramworkswith,whichfilestheprogramisstoredin,andotherinformationabouttheprogram.

AddsacommandfortheprogramtoyourStart|AllProgramsmenu(someprogramsaddsubmenustotheStart|AllProgramsmenutocontainseveralcommands).