2023年度天津铁道职业技术学院单招《英语》测试卷及答案详解参考

天津铁道职业技术学院单招《英语》测试卷考试时间：90分钟；命题人：教研组考生注意：1、本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟2、答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、班级填写在试卷规定位置上3、答案必须写在试卷各个题目指定区域内相应的位置，如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（选择题60分）一、单选题（20小题，每小题3分，共计60分）1、Foodismostimportantforlife.Withoutitmanwoulddieofhunger（1）theneedforfood,manalsohasneedforhousetoprotecthim（2）heatandcold,windandrain.Thefirstman'shomeswereverysimple.Thesizeandkindofhousesatthattimewerelimited（3）hisbuildingskillandalsobythethingsforhimtouse.Insomeplaces,man'shomewouldbe（4）morethanalargeholeinthesideofahill,withafireatthegatetogivehimlight,tocookfoodandtokeepdangerousanimalsaway.Butnowin（5）century,housebuildingworkhasbecomeanimportantindustry.Modernsciencemakesitpossibleformantobuildsomanylarge（6）forgovernmentoffices,shops,schools,hotels,hospitals,churches.…Asthepopulationoftheworldgrows（7）housesofmanykindsareneeded.Thehousewiththree（8）fortheaveragefamilywouldnotbe（9）foraveryrichfamily.Theaveragefamiliesalsowanttolivecomfortably.Sopeoplearetryingtheirbesttoimprovetheirhouses（10）itisexpensive,Differentkindsofmodernhousesarebeingdesignedandsomeofthemhavebeenbuiltupforrichfamiliestolivein,andalsosomeforaveragefamilies.

第(3)选（）A.byB.toC.inD.of答案:A解析:在此句中，“limited”表示“受……限制”，其后应接介词“by”来表示被什么所限制。根据句意，“当时房屋的大小和种类受到他的建筑技能和可供他使用的材料的限制”，因此选项A“by”是正确的。2、从下列选项中找出其括号部分与所给单词括号部分读音相同的选项。（）w(ar)mA.c(ar)dB.w(ar)C.f(ar)mD.h(ar)d答案:B解析:这道题考查单词中“ar”的读音。在英语发音规则中，“warm”中“ar”读[ɔː]。选项A“card”中“ar”读[ɑː]；选项B“war”中“ar”读[ɔː]，与所给单词相同；选项C“farm”中“ar”读[ɑː]；选项D“hard”中“ar”读[ɑː]。综上，答案选B。3、Icomehere（）totellyouthatyourfatherwas（）illonhiswayhome.A.generally;seriousB.particularly;seriouslyC.specially;seriouslyD.especially;seriously答案:C解析:这道题考查词汇的用法。“specially”有“专门地”之意，符合“我专门来这儿”的语境。“seriously”修饰形容词“ill”，表示“病得严重”，是常用的副词用法。A项“generally”通常指“普遍地”；B项“particularly”侧重“特别地”；D项“especially”强调“尤其”。综合来看，C选项最符合题意。4、Those（）T-shirtslook（）nice。A.ladys’；veryB.ladys’；muchC.ladies'；veryD.ladies';much答案:C解析:这道题考查名词所有格和形容词的用法。“lady”复数形式的所有格是“ladies'”。“very”修饰形容词原级，“much”修饰比较级，“nice”是原级，要用“very”修饰。所以综合来看，Thoseladies'T-shirtslookverynice是正确的，答案选C。5、TheotherdayIheardafewlocalmusicianstalking:

“Ihatealltheterriblepianosinthistown,Ihatethatrubbishtheyplayontheradio.Theycan'tevenunderstandabitofmusic.”

“I'mneverplayinginthatclubagain.Toomanydrunksandnobodylistensto

us.”

But,oneyoungermusiciansaid,“Thereareafewclubsthatbookmybandafewnightsamonth,andI'mtryingtofindotherplacestoplay,I'malsolookingtobookafewsummerfestivalsthisyear.”

I'veheardthatyouaretheaverageofthefivepeoplewhomyouspendthemosttimewith,ortoputitanotherway,youarewhoyourfriendsare.

Attitudesareimportant.Whetherthey'repositiveornegative,they'rerubbingoffonyou.Ifyou'rearoundpeoplewhocomplainaboutlackofworkandaboutothermusicians，orblameothers，andyouplaytheroleofvictim(受害者)，chancesareyouwillstarttoaswell.Soit'stimetotakealookatthepeopleyoucall“friends”.

Thisisaneasyexercise:Makealistofthepeoplewhoyouhangoutwith,andsimplystopspendingtimewiththenegativepeopleonyourlist.Setanewstandardforyourselfanddon'tbecomefriendswithpeoplewhofallbelowthatstandard.

Keepsuccessfulpeoplearoundyouandyourownchancesforsuccesswillbemuchbetter.Askthemhowtheydoit.Askiftheywillhelpyougettheworkyou'relookingfor,ormaybegiveyousomeadvicetohelpyouonyourcareerpath.

Themusicians'wordsatthebeginningarewrittenmainlytoshow_A.the

musicians'living

conditions

are

quite

poorB.people

have

poor

taste

in

musicC.people

have

different

attitudes

towards

the

same

thingD.young

people

have

greater

chances

of

succeeding答案:C解析:文章开头音乐家们的对话展示了他们对于同一事物（如当地的钢琴、电台播放的音乐、俱乐部氛围等）持有不同的态度和看法。有的音乐家表达了对现状的不满和抱怨，而年轻的音乐家则表现出更积极寻找演出机会和提升自己的态度。这正好体现了人们对于同一事物可能会有不同的态度，因此选项C“人们对于同一事物有不同的态度”是正确的。6、Lookatthewall.Therearesomepictures________it.A.inB.onC.toD.at答案:B解析:这道题考查介词的用法。在描述“在墙上”时，要用“on”。“in”表示在内部，“to”表示朝向，“at”表示在某个地点。看这道题，“Therearesomepictures”是说有一些画，画是在墙的表面，所以用“on”。7、I'vestarteddrivingagain.Idrivealongaroad（1）12yearsagonearmyhome.AsIdrovetonight,I（2）KellyKellywasa（3）whenitwasconstructed.Sheandherbrotherwere（4）byherfatherafterhermotherpassedaway.Byherown（5）,shewasa（6）child,climbingoutofwindows,stayingoutdrinkingetc.Shestartedtosettleincollege.TheyearafterItaughther,a（7）thinghappened.ItwasaboutthistimeofyearandKelly'sdadwasabouttoturntothenewroad.Sincehewasnot（8）withit,hehadadeadlyaccident.Thelecturerssenthera（9）card.IwrotethatIwouldhelpherwithoneofthe6（10）shestillhadtocomplete.Iknewitwouldbedif-ficultforKellybutI（11）tohelpheranyway.AtthattimeIhadjust（12）mymarriageandwaslivinginrentedaccommodationalone.Thingswere（13）butIcommittedmyselftohelpingKelly.IbroughthertomyhomeandI（14）herthefullunit.Igothertocompletealltheassignmentsatmyhome（15）shecouldstayfocused.Kellymade（16）intheunitItaughther,whichfundamentallyhelpedraiseheroverallgrades.Kelly'slecturerwasso（17）withthisthatshegotKellyto（18）totherestoftheclass!AtlastKellycompletedhercourse.Iwassogladshedidn't.（19）.AfewyearsagoImetKelly.Shewaspushingapram(婴儿车),herbabysleepingsoundly.It'stheleastshe（20）.

第14空填（）。A.taughtB.followedC.advisedD.consulted答案:A解析:根据文章内容，“IbroughthertomyhomeandItaughtherthefullunit.”这句话直接表明了“我”教了她整个单元的内容，因此第14空应填“taught”，表示教授的动作。其他选项如“followed”表示跟随，“advised”表示建议，“consulted”表示咨询，均不符合文意。8、Itisnouse______yourpastmistakes.A.regrettingB.regretC.toregretD.regretted答案:A解析:这道题考查固定句型“itisnousedoingsth.”（做某事是没用的）。在英语语法中，“regret”在这个句型中要用“-ing”形式。A选项“regretting”符合此句型。B选项“regret”是动词原形；C选项“toregret”是动词不定式；D选项“regretted”是过去式。所以应该选择A选项。9、Italyis（）Europeancountry.A.anB.aC.theD./答案:B解析:这道题考查不定冠词的用法。不定冠词a和an的区别在于其后单词的发音，元音音素开头用an，辅音音素开头用a。European虽以元音字母开头，但发音为辅音，所以用a。在英语中，表达“一个欧洲国家”要用不定冠词，这里应选a。10、从下列选项中找出其括号部分与所给单词括号部分读音相同的选项。（）wind(ow)A.t(ow)erB.t(ow)nC.holl(ow)D.d(ow)n答案:C解析:这道题考查单词中“ow”的读音。在英语发音规则中，“window”中“ow”的读音较为特殊。选项A中“tower”的“ow”读音不同；选项B中“town”的“ow”读音也不同；选项C“hollow”中“ow”读音与“window”相同；选项D“down”中“ow”读音有差异。所以答案选C。11、ChinesescientistsareagainbecomingexcitedaboutthefactthatalargehairyanimalmayliveincentralChina.Nowtheyhopeitwon'tbetoolongbeforetheyareableto（1）itsexistence.Theirconfidenceisthe（2）ofanewdiscoveryofthemysteryanimalinHubeiProvince.TenChinese（3）,enjoyingaholidayinaNationalForestPark,weredrivingdownaroad.Astheirbusturnedacorner,themenweresuddenly（4）bywhattheysaw.Three（5）animals,coveredwithlongdarkhair,werecrossingtheroad.Onseeingtheanimals,theengineersimmediatelystoppedand（6）them.（7）,whentheysawhowtheanimalsmovedthroughtheforestwithgreat（8）andstrength,theydidnotdaretofollowanyfurther.Themendidnottakeany（9）.However,scientistsare（10）bythediscovery,becausetheengineerswereallveryeducatedpeopleandscientistsfeeltheycan（11）whattheydescribed.Afterthediscovery,scientistsreturnedtotheforestand（12）somehairandmeasuredfootprints,about20inchesappearstobethelengthoftheanimal'sfoot'sChinesescientistshavenowsetupaspecialgrouptoexchangeinformationandmakea（13）fortheforest.Butinthemeantime,somepeople（14）tobelievethatthishalf-man,half-monkeyexists.Theywillnotbelievethatitis（15）untiloneoftheanimalshasbeencaught.

第(5)选（）A.trainedB.smallC.tallD.worried答案:C解析:根据文章描述，工程师们看到的动物覆盖着长长的黑毛，并且在森林中移动时展现出极大的灵活性和力量，这使得他们不敢继续跟随。这些特征暗示了动物体型较大，因此用“tall”来形容这些动物是合适的。其他选项如“trained”表示被训练的，与文意不符；“small”表示小的，与动物展现出的力量不符；“worried”表示担心的，与动物特征无关。所以正确答案是C，“tall”。12、Theteacherappearedatthedoor、（）bysomestudents.A.followB.followedC.followingD.havingfollowed答案:B解析:这道题考查非谓语动词。在句子“Theteacherappearedatthedoor、（）bysomestudents.”中，老师是“被跟随”，要用过去分词表示被动。followed是过去分词形式，A选项follow是动词原形，C选项following是现在分词，表示主动，D选项havingfollowed是现在分词的完成式，也表示主动。所以应选B选项followed。13、Micklivedinthecountry,andhehad（1）garden.He（2）vegetables,andhehadsomenice,fat（3）,too.Hesoldtheeggsandthemeat,andgotalotof（4）fromthem.Hisneighbourhadabiggarden,（5）,andhealsohadvegetablesandnice,fatchickensinit.Therewasawirefencebetweenthe（6）butitwasveryold,andthechickensoftenfoundholesinitandwentthrough.NowMickwantedanewfencebetweenhisgardenandhis（7）soMr.Biggscametobuildit.Micksaidtohim,“Pleasemakethefenceoutofstrongwood.AndIwantahole（8）it.Makeitbigenoughformychickenstogetintomyneighbour'sgardenand（9）hisvegetables,buttoo（10）forhistogetintomineandeatmine.”

第(1)选（）A.quitebigB.bigquiteC.aquitebigD.quiteabig答案:D解析:在英语中，“quite”作为副词修饰形容词时，通常放在冠词之前，形成“quitea/an+形容词+名词单数”的结构，表示“一个相当……的……”。选项D“quiteabig”符合这一语法规则，意为“一个相当大的”，用在此处描述Mick的花园大小，语法和语意均正确。14、Computer

programmer

David

Jones

earns(gets)£35,000ayear,designingnewcomputergames,yethecannotfindabankpreparedtolethimhaveachequecard.（1）,hehasbeentoldtowait（2）twoyears,untilheis18.The16-year-oldboyworksforasmall（3）inLiverpool,（4）theproblemofmostyoungpeopleofhisageisfindingajob.David'scompanyreleases(发行)twonewgamesfortheexpanding(扩展)homecomputermarketeachmonth.ButDavid'sbiggestheadacheiswhattodo（5）hismoney.（6）hissalary,gotbyinvesting(投资)newprogramswithin（7）schedules，withbonus(奖金)paymentsandprofit-sharing(分红)，hecannotdriveacar，orobtaincreditcards.DavidgothisjobwiththeLiverpool-basedcompanyfourmonthsago.“Igotthejobbecausethepeoplewho（8）thecompanyknewIhadalreadywrittensome（9）,”hesaid.“Isuppose£35，000soundsalotbutactuallythat'sbeingpessimistic(悲观的).Ihopeitwill（10）tomorethanthatthisyear.”Hespendssomeofhismoney（11）recordsandclothes,andgiveshismother£20aweek.Butmostofhissparetimeisspentonworking.“（12）,computingwasnotpartofmystudiesat（13）,”hesaid,“ButIhadbeenstudyingitinbooksandmagazinesforfouryearsinmysparetime.IknewwhatIwantedtodoandnever（14）stayingonatschool.Mostpeopleinthisbusinessarefairlyyoung,anyway.”Davidadded,“IwouldliketoearnamillionandIthinkearlyretirementisapossibility.Youneverknowwhenthemarket（15）disappear.”

第(9)选（）A.gamesB.plansC.marketsD.programs答案:D解析:根据文章内容，DavidJones得到这份工作的原因是公司的人知道他已经编写了一些程序（programs），这与选项D相符。其他选项如games（游戏）、plans（计划）和markets（市场）在文中并未提及与David得到工作的直接关联。因此，正确答案是D。15、Theartistisso（）thathecanmakedifferentchangingpictureswithsand.A.commonB.carelessC.creativeD.helpful答案:C解析:这道题考查对单词含义的理解。“creative”意为有创造力的。艺术家能用沙子创作出不同变化的图画，这体现了他具有很强的创造力。“common”常见的；“careless”粗心的；“helpful”有帮助的，都不符合语境。所以能做出这种独特创作的艺术家应是“creative”。16、I'vestarteddrivingagain.Idrivealongaroad（1）12yearsagonearmyhome.AsIdrovetonight,I（2）KellyKellywasa（3）whenitwasconstructed.Sheandherbrotherwere（4）byherfatherafterhermotherpassedaway.Byherown（5）,shewasa（6）child,climbingoutofwindows,stayingoutdrinkingetc.Shestartedtosettleincollege.TheyearafterItaughther,a（7）thinghappened.ItwasaboutthistimeofyearandKelly'sdadwasabouttoturntothenewroad.Sincehewasnot（8）withit,hehadadeadlyaccident.Thelecturerssenthera（9）card.IwrotethatIwouldhelpherwithoneofthe6（10）shestillhadtocomplete.Iknewitwouldbedif-ficultforKellybutI（11）tohelpheranyway.AtthattimeIhadjust（12）mymarriageandwaslivinginrentedaccommodationalone.Thingswere（13）butIcommittedmyselftohelpingKelly.IbroughthertomyhomeandI（14）herthefullunit.Igothertocompletealltheassignmentsatmyhome（15）shecouldstayfocused.Kellymade（16）intheunitItaughther,whichfundamentallyhelpedraiseheroverallgrades.Kelly'slecturerwasso（17）withthisthatshegotKellyto（18）totherestoftheclass!AtlastKellycompletedhercourse.Iwassogladshedidn't.（19）.AfewyearsagoImetKelly.Shewaspushingapram(婴儿车),herbabysleepingsoundly.It'stheleastshe（20）.

第18空填（）。A.adaptB.replyC.explainD.apologize答案:C解析:根据文章内容，Kelly在作者的帮助下取得了显著的进步，这让Kelly的讲师非常高兴。因此，讲师让Kelly向其他同学**解释**（explain）她的学习经验和进步。adapt意为“适应”，reply意为“回复”，apologize意为“道歉”，均不符合语境。17、-TheDragonBoatFestivalfalls（）MayorJuneeveryyear,-Yes,thisyear'sDragonBoatFestivalis（）June14th.A.in;onB.on;inC.in;inD.on;on答案:A解析:这道题考查时间介词的用法。在月份前用“in”，所以“MayorJune”前用“in”。在具体日期前用“on”，“June14th”是具体日期，所以用“on”。A选项符合时间介词的正确使用规则。18、Whatapitymynewcomputerdoesn'twork.（）mustbesomethingwrongwithit.A.ItB.ThereC.ThisD.That答案:B解析:这道题考查therebe句型的运用。在英语语法中，therebe句型表示“存在有”。当表达“某物出了问题”时，常用“theremustbesomethingwrongwith...”的结构。A选项“It”通常用于指代前文提到的事物；C选项“This”一般指较近的事物；D选项“That”一般指较远的事物。综合来看，这里用“There”符合语法规则，所以答案选B。19、Myflatisquitesmall（）Ilikeit,becauseitisveryclosetothemountains.A.SoB.butC.forD.or答案:B解析:这道题考查连词的用法。“Myflatisquitesmall”表示房子小，“Ilikeit”表示喜欢，两者存在转折关系。A选项so表因果；C选项for表原因；D选项or表选择。而B选项but表转折，符合句子逻辑，所以选B。20、IfI（）amathsteacher,I（）makemathslearningeasierandmoreinteresting.A.were;wouldB.am;willC.was;wouldD.were;will答案:A解析:这道题考查虚拟语气的用法。在虚拟语气中，与现在事实相反，be动词要用were。题中“如果我是数学老师”是与现在事实相反的假设，所以第一空用were。根据虚拟语气的规则，主句要用would+动词原形，所以第二空用would。A选项符合虚拟语气的语法规则。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题40分）二、填空题（10小题，每小题3分，共计30分）1、[未知题型(5)]用所给的动词的适当形式填空You'dbetter（

）(notlook)outofthewindowinclass．答案:notlook2、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）他们已决定将会议推迟到下星期进行。(putoff)答案:Theyhavedecidedtoputthemeetingofftillnextweek．3、[未知题型(5)]单句改错。A(It)B(took)C(me)twohoursD(finished)thecomposition．答案:D，tofinish4、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）听课时，她喜欢记笔记。(while)答案:Shelikestotakenoteswhileattendingclasses．5、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）记住，一到那里就给家里写信。(assoonas)答案:Remembertowritehomeassoonasyougetthere．6、[未知题型(5)]（汉译英）直到她的妈妈回来她才上床睡觉。(until)答案:Shedidn'tgotobeduntilhermothercameback．7、Mr.Hope,thecleaneratourschool,walkswithalimp(跛脚).Watchinghimwalkslowlyaroundourschool,Ioftenwonderedwhyhelimped.

OnedayIsawtwoboyslaughingatMr.Hope.Theheadmasterwasvery_____(11)_____.Hetookallofustohisofficeandshowedusapictureofayoungmanstandingbyalong,thinboat.“ThisisMr.Hopewhenhewas_____(12)_____,”saidtheheadmaster.

Inthe1968Olympics,Mr.Hopehadracedtothefinalround.Hisonlyrealcompetitorwasanotherracer,Jack.Therace_____(13)_____.Otherboatsweresoonfar_____(14)_____Mr.HopeandJack.Mr.HopeandJackwereracingneckandnecktowardthefinishingline.

Theracewasgoingwellwhen_____(15)_____,Mr.Hopeheardahugesound.HelookedaroundandsawthatJack'sboa