高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析

高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)(一)解题方法和技巧及练习题及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解

Vietnamaimstosolvetherelationsbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandculturalpreservation.Vietnameseculturaldepartmentsandactivistshavetriedtopreservethehistoricalandculturalrelicsinthecountry.

Vietnamnowhasmorethan40000historicalrelics.Theserelicsofvariousformsandhistoryaretreasuresforfuturegenerations.

However,hundredsofrelicsareseverelydamagedduetothenegativeinfluenceoftime,warandhumanactivities.HeadofHanoiRelicsManagementBoard,NguyenDoanTuan,saysrescueworkmustpreservetherelics'soul:"Wecannotreplaceruinedconstructionwithnewmaterials.Wemustpreserveitsshape,sizeandstyle.Weneedtopayattentiontoeverybrickreplacedsothatitlooksexactlyliketheoriginal."

Mostrelicshavetorelyontouristfeesforrepairandrescuework.DirectorofVanMieuCulturalandScienceCenterDangKimNgoc,saysthattherelicsmustbepromotedwidelytoattractmorevisitorsandbringinmoreincomeforrepairandpreservation:"Weprovideconstantguideservicesforvisitorssothattheyunderstandmoreaboutourrelics.Atthesametime,anaturalsurroundingoftherelichasbeenensured,includingthegrassfieldandgardentoimproveitsscenicvalue."

Thelocalgovernmentagreedthattherelicsmustbeturnedtothecommunityforsharedeffortsinthepreservationwork.DirectorofVietnamRevolutionMuseumDangQuocQuan,saidthatthecommunitymustbeguidedinthepreservationandprotection,"TheUNESCOaimstoletlocalcommunitytakepartinthepreservationofrelics.Wehaveseenlimitationsinthepreservationofrelics,especiallyfestival-relatedgroupsofbuildings.Thisrequiresmanagementandguidancebythegovernment."

NguyenThiMinhLyfromtheDepartmentofHeritagesaysthecommunityshouldbeguidedinproperbehaviorstowardsrelics:"Thiswillensuretheprotectionofculturalrelicsinlatergenerations.Creativerestoration(修复)mustbebasedonprevious(先前的)values."

Expertshavecalledforasystematic(系统的)guidancebythestateinlocallevelpreservationwhilepromotingcreativethinkinginrestorationforeachrelic.（1）Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Agovernmentsurvey.B.Aresearchpaper.C.Anewspaperreport.D.Atravelguide.（2）WhichofthefollowingisnotthereasonsforthedamagedrelicsinVietnam?A.Humanactivities.B.Poorbuildingmaterials.C.Warinfluence.D.Thepassingoftime.（3）Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs4-6thattopreserverelics,thegovernmentshould

.A.turntotheUNESCOforfinancialhelpB.improvethescenicvaluebyraisingtouristfeesC.encouragethecommunitytojoinintherescueworkD.makefulluseofthemoneyraisedbythelocalpeople（4）Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.GuidetheCommunityinProperBehaviorsB.ReplacetheRuinedConstructionwithaNewStyleC.HundredsofRelicsinVietnamAreInRuinsD.ExpertsCallforaSystematicWaytoPreserveRelics【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，文章说明了文物遭受破坏的原因和文物保护的现状。就此专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Vietnameseculturaldepartmentsandactivistshavetriedtopreservethehistoricalandculturalrelicsinthecountry.”越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，以及文章主要内容为介绍专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“However,hundredsofrelicsareseverelydamagedduetothenegativeinfluenceoftime,warandhumanactivities.”然而，由于时间、战争和人类活动的负面影响，数以百计的文物遭到严重破坏，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Thelocalgovernmentagreedthattherelicsmustbeturnedtothecommunityforsharedeffortsinthepreservationwork.DirectorofVietnamRevolutionMuseumDangQuocQuan,saidthatthecommunitymustbeguidedinthepreservationandprotection,‘TheUNESCOaimstoletlocalcommunitytakepartinthepreservationofrelics...’”当地政府同意，文物必须移交给社区，共同努力进行保护工作。越南革命博物馆馆长DangQuocQuan说，社会必须在保护和保护的指导下，“联合国教科文组织的目的是让当地社会参与文物的保”可以推断，为了保护文物，政府应该鼓励社区参与救援工作。故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“Expertshavecalledforasystematicguidancebythestateinlocallevelpreservationwhilepromotingcreativethinkinginrestorationforeachrelic.”专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复，以及结合文章主要内容为越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产可知，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

LEGObeganasoneman'ssmallbusiness.Buttoday,itisthesecondlargesttoycompanyintheworld.TheLEGOcompanysellssmall,brightlycoloredplasticbricks(积木).PeoplecanbuyLEGObricksinover90countries.

OleKirkKristiansenfromDenmarkbeganhisownbusinessin1932.Hemadeproducts(产品)fromwoodincludingcolorfulwoodentoys.Kristiansen'syoungson,Godtfred,workedwithhim.Theirbusinesshelpedthemmakealotofmoney.

By1934,theKristiansensnamedtheircompanyLEGO,whichcamefromtwoDanishwords,"leg"and"godt",meaning"playwell".TheLEGOcompanygrewslowly.Butitcontinuedtocreateexcellentwoodentoys.

By1947,theLEGOcompanybeganusinganewmaterial(材料)tomaketheirtoys—plastic.OneofthetoystheysoldwascalledtheAutomaticBindingBrick.Apersoncouldputthebrickstogethertobuildsomething.Butthebricksdidnotholdtogethereasily.Still,theywereapopulartoy.

Afewyearslater,in1954,GodtfredKirkKristiansenhadabigidea.HewantedalloftheLEGObrickstofittogether.Finally,fouryearslater,in1958,theLEGOcompanyfoundtheiranswer.TheyinventedthefirstmodernstyleLEGObrick,whichwassimilartotheAutomaticBindingBrickbuteachpiecewouldfitwithanyotherpiece.

Sincethattime,anytoythattheLEGOcompanycreatedwouldfitwithanyothertoytheycreated.Today,LEGOisnotonlythesecondlargesttoymakerintheworld,butalsomakingitsproductsagreatwayforchildrentolearncreativebuildingskills.（1）WhentheLEGOcompanywassetup,it________.A.hadarapidgrowthB.failedtoattractchildrenC.invitedchildrentoworkwithitD.wassmallbutsuccessful（2）WhatdoweknowabouttheAutomaticBindingBrick?A.Itwaslikedbyfewpeople.B.Itwasthebestofitskind.C.Itwasabuildingtoy.D.Itwasmadeofwood.（3）ThefirstmodernstyleLEGObrick________.A.fittogetherperfectlyB.wascreatedbyGodtfredandhisfatherC.wasinventedintheearly1950sD.differedgreatlyfromtheAutomaticBindingBrick（4）What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.LEGO:EducationalToysB.LEGO:PlayWellC.ToyCompanies:FromSmalltoBigD.ToyCompanies:NeverTooLatetoCreate【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丹麦知名玩具品牌乐高的发展历程。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“LEGObeganasoneman'ssmallbusiness”；以及第二段中的“Theirbusinesshelpedthemmakealotofmoney,可知，高公司在创立初期虽然规模不大但盈利很多。因此可知公司规模虽小但很成功，故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Apersoncouldputthebrickstogethertobuildsomething.”可知，AutomaticBindingBrick是一种拼装积木，可以使用积木组装玩具，故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"thefirstmodernstyleLEGObrick...eachpiecewouldfitwithanyotherpiece”可知，现代的乐高积木可以彼此完全贴合，从而组装成一个整体。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第三段“By1934,theKristiansensnamedtheircompanyLEGO,whichcamefromtwoDanishwords,‘leg’and‘godt’，meaning‘playwell’.TheLEGOcompanygrewslowly.Butitcontinuedtocreateexcellentwoodentoys.”可知，文章介绍了知名积木玩具乐高的发展情况，LEGO在丹麦语中意为"玩得好”，这是公司制作玩具的宗旨所在，因此B项作标题概括了文章主旨也表达了乐高的宗旨，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Musicisaninternationallanguage.Thesongsthataresungorplayedbyinstrumentsarebeautifultoallpeopleeverywhere.

PopularmusicinAmericaiswhateverystudentlikes.Studentscarrysmallradioswithearphonesandlistentomusicbeforeclass,afterclassandatlunch.Studentswithcarsbuylargespeakers(扬声器)andplaythemusicloudlyastheydriveonthestreet.

Adultdriverslistentomusiconthecarradioastheydrivetowork.Theyalsolistentothenewsaboutsports,theweather,politics,andactivitiesoftheAmericanpeople.Butmostoftheradiobroadcastismusic.

Poporpopularmusicsingersmakemuchmoney.TheymakeaCDortapewhichradiostationsuseineverystate.Oncethepopularsingerisheardthroughoutthecountry,youngpeoplebuyhisorhertapes.Someofthemoneyfromthesetapescomestothesinger.Whereverthesingergoes,alltheyoungpeoplewanttomeethimorher.Nowthesingerhasbecomeanationalstar.

Besidespopmusic,therearetwootherkindsofmusicthatisimportanttoAmericans.Oneiscalledfolkmusic.IttellsstoriesaboutthecommonlifeofAmericans.Theotheriscalledwesternorcountrymusic.Thiswasstartedbycowboyswhowouldsingatnighttothecowstheywerewatching.Today,anymusicaboutcountrylifeandthelovebetweenacountryboyandhisgirliscalledwesternorcountrymusic.

Seriousmusicfortheconcerthallsiscalledclassicalmusic.Musicforinstrumentsiscalledorchestramusic,suchasthesymphonies(交响乐)ofBeethoven.Thereisoperaforsingers,balletfordancerslikethestoryofLiangShanboandZhuYingtaiinChina.（1）Inwhatwaycanmusicberegardedasaninternationallanguage?A.Popularmusiciswhateveryoneenjoys.B.Thewonderfulsongsarepopularwiththeworldpeople.C.Whenmusicisplayed,itseemsasifitwerespeakingtous.D.Musicistoopopularforeveryonetobeabletoplayit.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutmusicandpeopleinAmerica?A.Adultdriverslistentonewsaswellasmusicwhentheydrivetowork.B.Adultdriversneverlistentomusicwhentheydrivetowork.C.Studentdriverscarrysmallradioswithearphoneswhentheydriveonthestreets.D.Studentsalwayslistentomusicbeforeclass,inclassandafterclass.（3）WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.AllpeopleinAmericalikepopularmusic.B.Popsingerscangetallthemoneyfromthetapes.C.LiangShanboandZhuYingtaiisakindofpopmusicinChina.D.Now，westernorcountrymusicisalittledifferentfromitsbeginning.（4）What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Internationallanguage.B.MusicinAmerica.C.Popmusic.D.Musiclisteners.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的几种音乐。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Musicisaninternationallanguage.Thesongsthataresungorplayedbyinstrumentsarebeautifultoallpeopleeverywhere”可知，音乐是一种世界性的语言，用乐器演唱或演奏的歌曲对世界各地的人们来说都是美丽的，因此推断美妙的歌曲深受世界人民的欢迎。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Adultdriverslistentomusiconthecarradioastheydrivetowork.Theyalsolistentothenewsaboutsports，theweather，politics，andactivitiesoftheAmericanpeople.”可知，成年司机开车上班时听汽车收音机里的音乐，他们还收听体育新闻，天气，政治，和美国人民的活动。A项正确。其他三项描述都不正确。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Thiswasstartedbycowboyswhowouldsingatnighttothecowstheywerewatching.Today，anymusicaboutcountrylifeandthelovebetweenacountryboyandhisgirliscalledwesternorcountrymusic.”可知，如今的乡村音乐与过去是不同的。当初它是牛仔唱给牛听的，但现在它是任何关于乡村生活或乡村青年爱情的音乐。故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。从文中各段的描述看，本文主要讲的是美国的音乐种类。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Childrenhavetheirownrulesinplayinggames.Theyseldomneedareferee(裁判)andrarelytroubletokeepscores.Theydon'tcaremuchaboutwhowinsorloses,anditdoesn'tseemtoworrythemifthegameisnotfinished.Yet,theylikegamesthatdependalotonluck,sothattheirpersonalabilitiescannotbedirectlycompared.Theyalsoenjoyedgamesthatmoveinstages,inwhicheachstage,thechoosingofleaders,thepicking-upofsides,orthedeterminingofwhichsideshallstart,isalmostagameinitself.

Grown-upscanhardlyfindchildren'sgameexciting,andtheyoftenfeelpuzzledatwhytheirkidsplaysuchsimplegameagainandagain.However,itisfoundthatachildplaysgamesforveryimportantreasons.Hecanbeagoodplayerwithouthavingtothinkwhetherheisapopularperson,andhecanfindhimselfbeingausefulpartnertosomeoneofwhomheisordinaryafraid.Hebecomesaleaderwhenitcomestohisturn.Hecanbeconfident,too,inparticulargames,thatitishisplacetogiveorders,topretendtobedead,tothrowaballactuallyatsomeone,ortokisssomeonehehascaught.

Itappearstousthatwhenchildrenplayagametheyimagineasituationundertheircontrol.Everyoneknowstherules,andmoreimportantly,everyoneplaysaccordingtotherules.Thoserulesmaybechildish,buttheymakesurethateverychildhasachancetowin.（1）Whatistrueaboutchildrenwhentheyplaygames?A.

Theycanstopplayinganytimetheylike.

B.

Theycantesttheirpersonalabilities.C.

Theywanttopickabetterteam.

D.

Theydon'tneedrules.（2）Tobecomealeaderinagamethechildhasto_________.A.

beausefulpartner

B.

waitforhisturnC.

beconfidentinhimself

D.

bepopularamonghisplaymates（3）Whydoesachildlikeplayinggames?A.

Becausehecanbesomeoneotherthanhimself.B.

Becausehecanbecomepopularamongfriends.C.

Becausehefindsheisalwaysluckyingames.D.

Becausehelikestheplacewhereheplaysagame.（4）Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.

RulesinChildren'sGames

B.

AdvantagesofPlayingGamesforChildrenC.

ReasonsforChildren'sGames

D.

HowtoBeaPopularGamePlayer【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孩子们在玩游戏时有自己的游戏规则，他们很少需要裁判，很少去记分．他们喜欢玩取决于运气的游戏，这样他们的个人能力就不能直接进行比较了．但是，成年人很难发现孩子们的游戏令人兴奋，他们常常对孩子们反复玩这么简单的游戏感到困惑。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Childrenhavetheirownrulesinplayinggames．Theyseldomneedareferee（裁判）andrarelytroubletokeepscores．”可知，介绍了孩子们玩游戏的一些特点，比如孩子的游戏有自己的规则，也不需要裁判，而且可以随时结束，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Hebecomesaleaderwhenitcomestohisturn”可知，当轮到他时，他就成了领袖．所以要成为一个游戏的领导者，孩子必须等待轮到他才行，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Hecanbeagoodplayerwithouthavingtothinkwhetherheisapopularperson，andhecanfindhimselfbeingausefulpartnertosomeoneofwhomheisordinarilyafraid．”可知孩子们喜欢玩游戏的重要原因之一是他们可以在游戏中假装成别人，选A。（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，游戏在孩子们的生活中是必不可少的．他们无需裁判，也很少计分，他们甚至不在乎输赢．尽管在成年人眼里这些游戏非常简单，枯燥．但是孩子们对此却是乐此不疲．作者认为通过游戏，孩子们学会了遵守规则，可知选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Thevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism(相对主义),aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.Suchaview,however,failstoexplaintheabilityofsomeworksofarttoexcitethehumanmindacrossculturesandthroughcenturies.

HistoryhaswitnessedtheendlessproductionsofShakespeareanplaysineverymajorlanguageoftheworld.ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls,asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries,Uniqueworksofthiskindaredifferentfromtoday'spopularart,eveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.Theyhavesetthemselvesapartintheirtimelessappealandwillprobablybeenjoyedforcenturiesintothefuture.

Ina1757essay,thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause"thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform(不变的)inhumannature,"thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.HeobservedthatHomerwasstilladmiredaftertwothousandyears.Worksofthistype,hebelieved,spoketodeepandunvaryingfeaturesofhumannatureandcouldcontinuetoexistovercenturies.

Nowresearchersareapplyingscientificmethodstothestudyoftheuniversalityofart.Forexample,evolutionarypsychologyisbeingusedbyliteraryscholarstoexplainthelong-lastingthemesandplotdevicesinfiction.Thestructuresofmusicalpiecesarenowopentoexperimentalanalysisasneverbefore.Researchfindingsseemtoindicatethatthecreationbyagreatartistisaspermanentanachievementasthediscoverybyagreatscientist.（1）Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutculturalrelativism?A.

Itintroducesdifferentculturalvalues.B.

Itexplainsthehistoryofartisticworks.C.

Itrelatesartisticvaluestolocalconditions.D.

Itexcitesthehumanmindthroughouttheworld.（2）InParagraph2,theartistsarementionedinordertoshowthat_____.A.

greatworksofartcangobeyondnationalboundariesB.

historygivesartworksspecialappealtosetthemapartC.

popularartsarehardlydistinguishablefromgreatartsD.

greatartistsareskilledatcombiningvariouscultures（3）AccordingtoHume,someworksofartcanexistforcenturiesbecause_____.A.

theyareresultsofscientificstudyB.

theyestablishsomegeneralprinciplesofartC.

theyarecreatedbytheworld'sgreatestartistsD.

theyappealtounchangingfeaturesofhumannature（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A.

AreArtisticValuesUniversal?

B.

ArePopularArtsPermanent?C.

IsHumanNatureUniform?

D.

IsCulturalRelativismScientific?【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了根据文化相对主义，艺术作品在永恒受欢迎的原因是人类的审美具有共同性，并且就此展开说明。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Thevaluesofartisticworks,accordingtoculturalrelativism(相对主义),aresimplyreflectionsoflocalsocialandeconomicconditions.”可知根据相对主义，艺术作品就是把艺术的价值与当地的社会经济条件结合在一块，故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ItisneverraretofindthatMozartpacksJapaneseconcerthalls,asJapanesepainterHiroshigedoesParisgalleries,Uniqueworksofthiskindaredifferentfromtoday'spopularart,eveniftheybeganasworksofpopularart.”可知不会把莫扎特与日本的音乐进行比较，正如日本的画作与巴黎的画廊进行比较，艺术作品是没有国界的，故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Ina1757essay,thephilosopherDavidHumearguedthatbecause‘thegeneralprinciplesoftasteareuniform(不变的)inhumannature,"thevalueofsomeworksofartmightbeessentiallypermanent.’”可知Davide曾辩论到风格的原则上是没有变化的，所以一些艺术是可能会永生的，故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要从相对论的角度来说，艺术的价值只能反应当时的社会经济，但作者提出不同的观点，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ItiscommonlybelievedthatinmedievalFrance,NewYearwascelebratedon1April.Thenin1562,PopeGregoryintroducedanewcalendarfortheChristianworld,changingNewYearto1January.Withnomoderncommunications,newstravelledslowlyandnewideaswereoftenquestioned.Manypeopledidnothearofthechange,somemerelyforgot,andotherschosetoignoreit.Thesepeoplewerecalledfools.Invitationstonon-existent"NewYear"partiesweresentandotherpracticaljokeswereplayed.Overtimeplayingtrickson1Aprilbecameatradition.ThecustomeventuallyspreadtoEnglandandScotland,anditwaslatertransportedacrosstheAtlantictotheAmericancolonies(殖民地)oftheEnglishandtheFrench.AprilFools'Dayhasnowdevelopedintoaninternationalfestivaloffun,withdifferentnationalitiescelebratingthedayinspecialways.

FranceandItaly

InFranceandItaly,ifsomeoneplaysatrickonyou,youarethe"fishofApril".BythemonthofAprilfishhaveonlyjusthatchedandarethereforeeasytocatch.ChildrenstickpaperfishtotheirFriends'backsandchocolatefisharefoundintheshops.

AmericaandBritain

Today,AmericansandtheBritishplaysmalltricksonfriendsandstrangersalikeon1April.Acommontrickistopointtoafriend'sshoeandsay"Yourshoelace(鞋带)isuntied."Whentheylookdown,theyarelaughedat.Schoolchildrenmighttellafriendthatschoolhasbeencancelled.Sometimesthemediagetinvolved.Once,aBritishshortfilmwasshownonAprilFools'Dayaboutspaghettifarmersandhowtheyharvesttheircropfromspaghettitrees!

Scotland

InScotland,AprilFools'Daylastsfortwodays!Theseconddayiscalled"TailyDay"andtricksonthisdayinvolvethebottom(orthe"tail",ininformalspeech).Oftenasignsaying‘kickme'isstuckontosomeone'sbackwithoutthemknowing.（1）Inwhatconditionwouldsomeonebecalled"fishofApril"inFrance?A.

Whenoneisfooled.B.

Ifoneisfondoffish.C.

Whenonefoolsothers.D.

Ifonepreferschocolate.（2）WhatwasthepurposeoftheBritishshortfilm?A.

Tohelptheaudience.B.

Totricktheaudience.C.

Towarntheaudience.D.

Toinformtheaudience.（3）WheredoesAprilFools'Daylastformorethanoneday?A.

Italy.

B.

France.

C.

America.

D.

Scotland.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，愚人节现在已经发展成为一个国际性的娱乐节日，不同的国家以不同的方式庆祝这一天。作者讲述了关于“愚人节”的一些事情以及一些国家愚人节的风俗习惯。（1）考查细节理解。根据FranceandItaly部分中的“InFranceandItaly,ifsomeoneplaysatrickonyou,youarethe‘fishofApril’.“在法国和意大利，如果有人捉弄你，你就是“四月鱼”。”可知，在法国当一个人被愚弄时才会有人被称为“四月鱼”。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据AmericaandBritain部分中的“Today,AmericansandtheBritishplaysmalltricksonfriendsandstrangersalikeon1April.和Once,aBritishshortfilmwasshownonAprilFools'Dayaboutspaghettifarmersandhowtheyharvesttheircropfromspaghettitrees!”今天，美国人和英国人都会在4月1日这天对朋友和陌生人开些小玩笑。有一次，愚人节放映了一部英国短片，讲的是种意大利面的农民如何从意大利面树上收获意大利面”和“有一次，愚人节放映了一部英国短片，讲的是种意大利面的农民如何从意大利面树上收获意大利面。”可知，英国短片的目的是来欺骗观众。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据Scotland部分中的“InScotland,AprilFools'Daylastsfortwodays!“在苏格兰，愚人节要持续两天！”可知，在苏格兰愚人节持续超过一天。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

ThomasCheathamhadplannedtostudyLatinduringhistimeatHebronHighSchoolinTexas.ButwhenhelearnedthattheschooldistrictwasgoingtoofferaMandarin(普通话)class,hequicklychangedhismind.

"IthoughtMandarinwouldbemorebeneficialthanLatin,"saidCheatham,whoisnowinhissecondyearofstudyingthelanguage.

HespeaksMandarintoorderfoodatChineserestaurantsandcanreadsocialmediapostsfromhisChinese-speakingfriends.Whileit'sadifficultlanguagetomaster,thehighschooljunior,whoplanstostudycomputerengineering,thinksitwillbeimportantforhiscareer."Chineseisagoodlanguagetoknow,especiallywithChinabecomingagrowingpower,"hesaid.

Manyexpertsagreethatproficiency(熟练)inalanguagespokenbyabillionpeopleworldwidewillgiveAmericanstudentsanedgeintheglobaleconomy.

"PeoplearelookingatChinaasournexteconomiccompetitor,andinterestinMandarinisgrowingfast,"saidMartyAbbott,directoroftheAmericanCouncil(议会)ontheTeachingofForeignLanguages."We'reseeingitinallpartsofthecountry."

Abbottpredictsthatasmanyas100,000studentsarenowstudyingMandarininpublicandprivateschoolsthroughouttheUS.ShesaidtheUSgovernmenthasdesignated(指定)Mandarinasan"importantneeds"languageandprovidesprofessionaldevelopmentprogramsforteachers."Ourgovernmentwantstoincreaseourlanguageabilityfornationalsecurityandeconomiccompetitiveness,"Abbottadded.

Atthesametime,theChinesegovernmentisspreadingknowledgeoftheChineselanguageandculturethroughConfuciusInstitutessetupinmanyUSstates.Forexample,theConfuciusInstituteattheUniversityofTexasinDallashasbeenthehomeofaConfuciusInstitutefor10years.ItsponsorsConfuciusClassroomsat21localpublicandprivateschools,wheretensofthousandsofstudentsarelearningMandarin.（1）WhydidThomasCheathamdecidetostudyMandarininsteadofLatin?A.

MandarinwaseasiertolearnthanLatin.B.

Mandarincouldbehelpfultohisfuturecareer.C.

MandarinmighthelphimlearnmoreaboutChina.D.

Mandarincouldenablehimtostudycomputerengineering.（2）Theunderlinedword"edge"inParagraph4probablymeans"________".A.

aslightadvantage

B.

theoutsidelimitC.

asharptoneofvoice

D.

anexcitingquality（3）WhichofthefollowingstatementsmightMartyAbbottagreewith?A.

MandarinshouldbetaughtinclassroomsthroughouttheUS.B.

ThoseskilledatChinesewillbethemostcompetitiveinthefuture.C.

TheUSgovernment'spolicyhashelpedpopularizeMandarinintheUS.D.

AmericanslearnMandarinbecausetheyworryabouttheirnationalsecurity.（4）Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthispassage?A.

TherisingpopularityofMandarinamongAmericanstudents.B.

ThegreatbenefitsoflearningMandarinforAmericanstudents.C.

TheinfluenceofChina'sgrowingpoweronAmericaneducation.D.

TheeffectofConfuciusInstitutesinpromotingMandarinintheUS.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以一个美国学生的经历为例来讲述随着中国经济的发展，普通话在美国校园很流行，这是中国在世界舞台上地位上升的一个反映。许多美国学生认为学习中文能够在今后职业发展的道路上有所帮助，美国政府对中文的重视也促使更多的学生学习中文。（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Whileit'sadifficultlanguagetomaster,thehighschooljunior,whoplanstostudycomputerengineering,thinksitwillbeimportantforhiscareer.”可知，Thomas希望中文能够在他今后职业发展的道路上对他有所帮助。故选B。（2）考查词义猜测。根据本句句意可知，汉语是一门全世界10亿人说的语言，专家认为掌握了它的人会在全球经济中有优势，故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“ShesaidtheUSgovernmenthasdesignated(指定)Mandarinasanimportantneedslanguageandprovidesprofessionaldevelopmentprogramsforteachers.”可知，美国政府的政策促进了普通话在美国的普及，故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文，主要介绍了美国学生学习中文热情升温的现象，分析了出现该现象的背景和原因，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Thereismoreofaconnectionbetweenfoodandculturethanyoumaythink.Onanindividuallevel,wegrowupeatingthefoodofourculture.Itbecomesapartofwhoweare.Manyassociatefoodfromourchildhoodwithwarmfeelingsandgoodmemoriesandittiesustoourfamilies,holdingaspecialandpersonalvalueforus.Foodfromourfamilyoftenbecomesthecomfortfoodweseekasadultsintimesoffrustrationandstress.

Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.Immigrantsbringitwherevertheygo,anditisasymbolofpridefortheircultureandmeansofcopingwithhomesickness.

Manyimmigrantsopentheirownrestaurantsandservetraditionaldishes.However,thefooddoesnotremainexactlythesame.Somematerialsneededtomaketraditionaldishesmaynotbereadilyavailable,sothetasteandflavorcanbedifferentfromwhattheywouldprepareintheirhomecountries.Additionally,immigrantsdonotonlyselldishestopeoplefromthesamecountriesasthem,buttopeoplefromdifferentcountries.Therefore,theyhavetomakesmallchangesabouttheoriginaldishestocatertoawiderrangeofcustomers.Thosechangescancreatenewflavorsthatstillkeeptheculturalsignificanceofthedishes.

Weshouldembraceourheritage（传统）throughourculture'sfoodbutalsobecomemoreinformedaboutotherculturesbytryingtheirfood.Itisimportant