UNIT 4　Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language)

1/1Period4单元语法讲练(LearningAboutLanguage)动词-ing形式作宾语和表语美文诵读语法体悟Ihadbeenlookingforwardto①beingabiologist．Ipreferred②observinglittleanimalsandinsectstoplayingwithothers．Ifounditwas③interestingtoseethesecutecreatures．Therefore，Ideterminedon④majoringinbiologyincollege．After⑤graduatingfromafamousuniversity，myjobwas⑥studyingwildlife．Idevotedmyselfto⑦doingresearchandprotectingwildlife．Thismeantmy⑧beingexposedtovariousanimalsinthewild，whichcouldbedangeroussometimes．However，Ienjoyed⑨stayingwiththemandnevergaveup⑩doingmyresearch．①是动词-ing形式作lookforwardto的宾语；②是动词-ing形式作prefer的宾语；③是动词-ing形式作表语；④是动词-ing形式作determineon的宾语；⑤是动词-ing形式作宾语；⑥是动词-ing形式作表语；⑦是动词-ing形式作宾语，devoteoneselfto“某人致力于”，to为介词；⑧是动词-ing形式的被动语态，此处作宾语；⑨是动词-ing形式作enjoy的宾语；⑩是动词-ing形式作giveup的宾语。一、动词-ing形式作宾语1．作动词的宾语常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise)喜欢想象禁不住(like/enjoy，imagine，can'thelp)承认否定与忌妒(admit，deny，envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，don'tmind)Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?你介意打开窗户吗？Idon'tlikewatchingtelevisionbutIenjoylisteningtotheradio．我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。Hetriedtoavoidansweringmyquestions．他试图对我的问题避而不答。Hegotwell-preparedfortheinterview，forhecouldn'trisklosingthegoodopportunity．他为面试做了充分的准备，因为他不能冒险失去这个好机会。2．作动词短语的宾语常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：insiston，objectto，begoodat，befondof，leadto，putoff，giveup，lookforwardto，feellike，devoteto，get/beusedto，payattentionto，beworth等。Heinsistedondoingitinhisownway．他坚持要按照自己的方法做。Ihavebeenlookingforwardtohearingfromyou．我一直盼望着收到你的来信。[名师点津]1．在有些动词的后面，如start，begin，continue等，既可接动词-ing形式也可接动词不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。Theycontinuedworking/toworkasifnothinghadhappened．他们继续工作，好像什么也没发生过。2．在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用动词不定式作宾语指具体的动作。Hepreferredstayingathomewhenitrained．下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词-ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨天都喜欢待在家里。)Iprefertostayathomethisafternoon．今天下午我宁愿待在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示“今天下午待在家里”这一具体的动作。)3．有些动词(短语)后跟动词不定式和动词-ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。动词(短语)宾语的形式意义forgettodo忘记做……doing忘记做过……remembertodo记着要去做……doing记得做过……regrettodo遗憾/抱歉要做……doing后悔做了……trytodo尽力做……doing尝试做……meantodo打算做……doing意味着……goontodo接着做(另外一件事)doing接着做(同一件事)stoptodo停下来去做……doing停止做……Pleaseremembertogivemybestregardstoyourfamily．请记着代我向你的家人问好。Istillremembervisitingthemuseumforthefirsttime．我仍记得第一次参观这个博物馆的情景。4．下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于动词不定式的被动形式。need/want/require/deservedoing＝need/want/require/deservetobedoneThebikeneedsrepairing/toberepaired．这辆自行车需要修理一下。单句语法填空①Toavoid___________(see)bytheteacher，Tonystoleintotheclassroombythebackdoor．②Someofthechildrenareshyandtheyhavesomedifficultyin______(make)friends．③Haveyouconsidered________(build)ahouseinthecountrysideafterretirement?④Myfathersuggested_______(read)morebookstoprepareforthecomingsemester．⑤Thebirdnarrowlyescaped___________(shoot)bythehunter．⑥(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)HabitatRestorationTeamvolunteersplayavitalrolein_________(restore)sensitiveresourcesandprotectingendangeredspeciesacrosstheridgesandvalleys．二、动词-ing形式作表语作表语的动词-ing形式有两个特点：1．具有形容词的特征，说明主语的性质、特征等。Theworkischallenging．这项工作具有挑战性。2．表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible．→Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob．她的工作是尽可能地使报告厅保持干净。[名师点津]动词不定式和过去分词也可作表语，但动词不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作；过去分词则表示被动、完成，主语常常是人。选词填空/单句语法填空①Ifoundthatthebookborrowedfromthelibrarywasvery________(exciting/excited)．②Thestorywasso______(move)thatIkepttellingittomyfriendsoverandover．③Whatstudentsdoatschoolis________(learn)newknowledg