新课6 必修第一册Unit3 Getting along with others（语法+写作）（译林版2020）（原题版）2025年初升高英语无忧衔接（通.用版）

PAGE1Unit3Gettingalongwithothers（语法+写作）目录单元语法：关系代词引导的限制性定语从句写作聚焦：写作指导、介绍类文章学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破单元语法单元语法限制性定语从句

关系代词关系代词指代在定从中所做成分是否可省略that人；物主语；宾语作宾语可省which物主语；宾语作宾语可省who人主语；宾语作宾语可省whom人宾语可省whose人；物定语不可省as人；物主语；宾语；表语不可省[温馨提示]1．whose指人时，常用下列结构来代替：Iwilltalktothosestudentswhosehomeworkhasn’tbeendoneonschedule.＝Iwilltalktothosestudents，thehomeworkofwhomhasn’tbeendoneonschedule.＝Iwilltalktothosestudents，ofwhomthehomeworkhasn’tbeendoneonschedule.我将和那些没按时完成作业的学生谈话。2．关系词只能用that而不用which的情况（1）当先行词是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.一切能做的都已经做了。（2）当先行词被all，every，any，little，much，theonly，thevery，theright，thelast，just等修饰时。Musicistheonlythingthatinterestsme.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。Youaretheverypersonthatwearelookingfor.你就是我们要找的人。（3）当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverread.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。（4）当先行词中既有人又有物时。Shedescribedinhercompositionthepeopleandplacesthatimpressedhermost.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。（5）当先行词前面出现who，which等疑问代词时，为了避免重复，只能用that。Whoistheboythatisplayingcomputergamesthere?正在那里玩电脑游戏的那个男孩是谁？3．关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。Thosewhoareover45won’tbepermittedtoenterthehall.超过45岁的人不允许进入这个大厅。4．“oneof＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；在肯定句中，“theonlyoneof＋复数名词”作先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。ThisisoneofthebookswhichwerewrittenbyCharlesDickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。HeistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswhohaslearnedFrench.他是我们班里唯一学过法语的男孩。5．为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。ThisisthefactorywhichwevisitedlastSunday.(visited后不可加it)这就是我们上星期天参观的那家工厂。关系副词关系副词指代在定从中所做成分是否可省略when时间状语否where地点状语否why原因状语否1．when/which/that引导定语从句表时间when是关系副词,在从句中只能作状语,而不能作宾语或主语。关系词如果在从句中作主语或宾语要用关系代词which或that。Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachotherallnight?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?(when在从句中作状语)Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetheronthefarm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(that或which作spent的宾语)2．where/which/that引导定语从句表地点若表示地点的先行词在从句中作地点状语,用where来引导定语从句,若作主语或宾语时,应用which或that来引导定语从句。Thisisthehousewhich/thatwasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。(定语从句中缺少主语,所以用which/that,不用where)3．why/which/that引导定语从句表原因若先行词reason在从句中作原因状语,用why来引导定语从句,若其在从句中作主语或宾语,应用that或which来引导定语从句。Iwon’tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.我不听你给我们的理由。Thereasonwhy/forwhichyoufailed,Ithink,wasthatyouhadnotfollowedyourmother’sadvice.我认为你失败的原因是你没有听从你母亲的劝告。写作聚焦写作聚焦介绍类文章一、写作方法指导本单元的写作任务是描述一下好的朋友应具备的品质。写此类文章时，我们可以分三个部分来写作。写作要求是说明真正的朋友应具备的品质，写作时应注意下面几点：1．文章应以一般现在时为主。2．由于是就对方的问题表达自己的看法，所以人称应该以第二人称和第三人称为主。[基本框架]1．开头——先总体介绍一个好的朋友应该是怎样的；2．主体——然后再分别介绍一个好的朋友必须具备的几种品质；3．结尾——最后进行总结。二、写作素材[常用词块]1．aboywithgreatability一个能干的男孩2．apromisingwriter一位有前途的作家3．sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地去做某事4．haveawiderangeofinterests兴趣广泛5．getonwellwith与……相处融洽6．aconsiderateperson体贴别人的人7．bewillingtohelpothers乐于助人8．beexpertin/at善于……9．beingoodhealth/shape/condition身体健康10．gainscholarship获得奖学金11．gain/winthefirstprize/place获得一等奖/第一名12．beawardedwiththetitleof获得……的称号/头衔13．makegreatcontributionsto对……作出巨大贡献14．setagoodexampletosb.为某人树立好榜样15．toone'scredit值得赞扬的是16．careaboutsb.关心某人17．showrespectforsb.尊重某人18．berude/kindtosb.对某人无礼/和蔼可亲[常用语句]※精彩开头1．Astheoldsayinggoes，“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”常言道：“患难见真情。”2．AsfarasI'mconcerned，tobuildagoodrelationship，weshouldtrusteachotherfirst.就我个人而言，要建立良好的关系，我们首先应该彼此信任。3．Inmyopinion，agoodfriendshouldbe...在我看来，一个好朋友应该是……4．Frommypointofview，agoodfriendislikelyto...从我的观点来看，一个好朋友很可能……※正文佳句1．SheisLiHua，an18­year­oldgirlstudentinClassOne，GradeThree.Sheisopen­minded，easy­goingandenthusiastic.她叫李华，18岁，是三年级一班的一位女学生。她心胸开阔，性格随和，热情好客。2．Lastbutnotleast，heiswarm­heartedandwillingtohelpothersinneed.最后但同等重要的是，他是热心的，愿意帮助有需要的人。3．Hisgreatpersonalityhasgainedtheirrespect.他伟大的品质赢得了他们的尊重。4．Shemakesapromisethatshewillbehaveherselfandsetagoodexampletoschoolmates.她承诺，她会表现好的，并为同学们树立好榜样。5．Mymother，ahousewifeof45yearsold，ismyfavoriteperson.Sheisalwaysdressedveryneatlywithasmileofcontentmentonherface.我最喜爱的人是我的妈妈，一个45岁的家庭主妇。她总是穿着整齐，脸上带着满足的微笑。6．Asformypersonality，IthinkI'mveryhonestandhaveastrongsenseofresponsibility.性格方面，我觉得自己是一个坦诚和富有责任心的人。7．Sheistallandslimwithbigbrighteyesandblackhair.她个子高挑，身材苗条，有一双大而明亮的眼睛和一头黑发。8．Beinghonestisthefirstfactorthatagoodfriend...诚实是一个好朋友的首要因素……9．Secondly，beinggenerousis...第二，慷慨是……10．Lastly，beinghelpfulisasimportantas...最后，帮助别人和……一样重要。※余味结尾1．Generallyspeaking，agoodfriendshouldhave...通常来说，好朋友应该具有……。2．Inaword，agoodfriendshould...总之，好朋友应该……。三、典例假定你是李华，希望通过外籍老师John找一位英语笔友。请写一封信，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括：1．年龄；2．性别；3．爱好(旅游、运动、养宠物等)。注意：1.词数80左右；2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJohn，I'mwritingtoaskwhetheryouareabletodomeafavour.Yourssincerely，LiHua学以致用学以致用一、语法填空1．InPrague,Wintonsawpeoplelivinginterribleconditionsandliveswereindanger.(用适当的词填空)2．Don’trushintoanythingyouwillregretforthenextthreeyears.(用适当的词填空)3．TheancientlibraryIvisitedlastsummerwastragicallydestroyedinafire.(用适当的词填空)4．Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverythinghappenedduringtheday.(用适当的词填空)5．SusanaVazquez-Torresisafourth-yeargraduatestudentwantstosomedaydevelopnewdrugsforneglected(被忽视的)diseases.(用适当的词填空)6．Theancienttreebranchesstretchouttowardthesunlighthasbecomeasymboloflongevity.(用适当的词填空)7．TheonlymysteryremainsunsolvedishowthepyramidsofEgyptwerebuiltwithsuchprecision.(用适当的词填空)8．ThefamousprofessorandhisachievementsIheardaboutaregreatlyadmiredbythesestudents.(用适当的词填空)9．Duringexamtimewehaveaspecialprogrammetellsstudentsthethingstheyshoulddo.(连词)（用适当的词填空）10．Nowadays,wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwiththepeoplewewanttoremainfriendswith.(用适当的词填空)11．Afterreadingthisnovel,wewereallimpressedbysuchintegritywasshownbytheleadingcharacter.(用适当的词填空)12．Theteacheraskedsuchadifficultquestionnoonecouldanswer.(用适当的词填空)13．Lastweekourmathsteachersetsodifficultanexaminationproblemnoneofusworkedout.(用适当的词填空)14．Youalsohavetowonderattheuniquemadnessofalanguageinahousecanburnupasitburnsdown.(用适当的词填空)15．PeterwithsisterIsharearoomintheuniversity,hasagoodknowledgeofcomputerprogramming.(用适当的词填空)16．AftertwomonthsinAmerica,TianHuamadesomefriendswithsheexploredthecity.(用适当的词填空)17．Lastweek,IreadabookfromIknewhowapersoncouldmakecontributiontoprotectingtheculturalheritageofhiscountry.(用适当的词填空)18．Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminetheextentwhichclimatechangewillimpactcoastalcommunitiesinthenextdecade.(用适当的词填空)19．Itneveroccurredtoherthatshewasfacedwiththesamestagetheyhadbeenfacedwithtacklingthehealthcrisis.(用适当的词填空)20．Theoldmanissohard-workingagardenerquiteafewgardenswanttohireasafull-timeworker.(用适当的词填空)二、完成句子1．who引导的定语从句Theymustbeathletesandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.他们必须是精通他们的运动项目的运动员，并且是他人学习的楷模。2．that引导的定语从句Theteamwasfallingapart.由郎平一手打造的团队处于崩溃的边缘。3．你会交到一些好朋友,他们大多数也喜欢打乒乓球。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)Youwillmakesomegoodfriends,.4．无论前面有什么障碍，我都会为你尽我所能。Nomatterwhatobstacleslayahead,I’lldoeverythingIcandoforyou.5．Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtointhebicyclerace(无论谁获得自行车比赛的第一名).（根据汉语提示完成句子）三、写作训练你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值