Unit1-Grammar-优教教学设计（二）

7/7Unit1Grammar优教教学设计（二）设计意图Thisisthelastperiodofthisunit,aimingtohelpstudentsgetabasicknowledgeofthegrammarIinthisunit.Theemphasisofthisperiodismainlyplacedonunderstandingandusingthegrammar.Therefore,teachersshouldcreatearelativelyrealcontexttopresentenoughsentencesforstudentsto:drawaconclusionabouttheruleofthePastParticipleastheattributeandthepredicative.InthemeantimeteachersshouldoffermoreopportunitiesforstudentstopracticeusingthePastParticipleastheattributeandthepredicative.Exercisesdesignedforthispurposeoughttobesimpleandeasytooperate,whichareconnectedwiththeirdailylifetomakethemeasytounderstand.教学目标1.StudentsmasterthebasicusageofthePastParticipleastheattributeandthepredicative.2.StudentslearntousethePastParticipleastheattributeandthepredicativeintherealsituationthroughself-studyandpractice.3.StudentsgetabsorbedinEnglishstudyandenjoythebeautyofEnglish.教学重点1.TheusageofthePastParticipleastheattributeandthepredicative.2.HowtoguidethestudentstousethePastParticipleastheattributeandthepredicativeintherealsituation.教学难点ToguidestudentstoknowhowtousethePastParticipleintherealsituation.教学过程Step1:Lead-in（设计意图：通过一些课文段落填空导入语法学习，让学生先体会过去分词作定语和表语的使用语境，同时带着问题进入课堂，激发学生兴趣。学生可以先不回答观察思考部分的问题，学完本课后，再回来解释，回扣课堂。）JohnSnowwasadoctorwhobecamelwhenthinkingabouthelpingpatients.Atthetimewhenhelived,manypeoplediedofcholera.Thereweretwotheories2howcholerakilledpeople,however,JohnSnowsuspectedtheonethinkingpeopleabsorbedthediseaseintotheirbodieswithmealswascorrectbutheneededevidence.In1854hefoundthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatover500people3tocholeradiedinashorttime.Hedidtheresearchandconcludedthatthewaterinthestreetswastoblame.Peoplewere4nottodrink5wateranymore.Finally,cholerawas6.【观察思考】(1)pollutedwater过去分词放在名词之前，peopleexposedtocholera过去分词短语放在名词之后。(2)explaining与exposed，分别是现在分词与过去分词，一个表示主动，一个表示被动、完成。(3)becomeinspired过去分词作表语，beinstructed/defeated为被动结构。T:Hello,everyone!Canyouanswertheabovethreequestions?Ifyoucan,thatmeansyouhavemasteredthebasicknowledgeofourgrammar,thePastParticipleastheattributeandthepredicative.Ifyoucan’t,thatisOK.Youcananswerthemafterlearningthegrammar.Iwouldlikeyoutobearthethreequestionsinyourmindwhilelearning.Now,pleaselookatthefollowingnounphrasesandsentences.Payattentiontotheunderlinedparts.(Sentencesfromthetext.)Step2:过去分词作定语【观察思考】alostanimal一只迷路的动物ausedstamp一枚用过的邮票aninjuredfinger一根受伤的手指abrokencoin一枚破损的硬币alightedcandle一支点燃的蜡烛(l)Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.(2)HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandlefromthepumpsothatitcouldnotbeused.(3)Thewatercompanieswereinstructednottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore.【归纳总结】单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常放在被修饰词的前面。【注意】(1)过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义spokenEnglish英语口语writtenexercises书面练习(2)少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起来的太阳theadvancedcountries发达国家adrunkenman一个醉鬼areturnedstudent一名留学生aretiredteacher一名退休教师anescapedprisoner一名逃跑的囚犯bygonedays过去的岁月【观察思考】(1)HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.(2)Hebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera,【归纳总结】过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，表示被动和／或完成意义。其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。Step3:过去分词作表语【观察思考】Thecupisbroken。茶杯破了。（茶杯的状态）Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletters.看完信后，他显得很忧虑.（他的感觉／感情）【归纳总结】过去分词作表语主要表示主语的状态或思想感情等。【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容词。2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。例子：(l)Theglasswasbroken.表示状态TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.表示被动(2)Thewindowsareclosed.表示状态ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.表示被动3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如：interested,surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语，表示状态。其中有些仅表示状态，没有被动意味。(1)Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?Theygotveryexcited.(2)HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?Well,hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults.(3)Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.(4)He’squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners.短语积累bepreparedtodo准备好做某事bedevotedto致力于……，专心于……bedeterminedtodo决心做……beworriedabout担心……beconcernedabout关心／担心……beabsorbedindoingsth./sth.专注于……belinkedto与……相联系befacedwith面对beburiedin专心致志于……Step4:过去分词与现在分词的区别【观察思考】(1)fallingleaves/boilingwater/developingcountry(2)fallenleaves/boiledwater/developedcountry(3)Iaminterestedinthebook.(4)Thebookisinteresting.【归纳总结】过去分词与现在分词作定语的区別现在分词具有主动和正在进行之意；过去分词具有被动和完成之意。作表语的区别现在分词具有令人……之意；过去分词具有感觉……之意。课堂练习（设计意图：通过在具体语境中的训练，学以致用，提高运用解题能力，扫除过去分词作定语和表语的理解障碍，学会运用语法知识解题的方法。）T:SincewehaveknowntheuseofPastParticipleastheattributeandthepredicative,let’sputthemintopractice.Finishtheexerciseswithin10minutes.Let’sstart.Step1:用以下单词的正确形式填空，每个单词仅用一次worry,interest,arrive,frighten,continue,concern1.I’llbetohearwhathehastosay.2.Themayorsaidthathewasabouttheriseofthewaterlevelintheriverbed.3.Recentlysoldiersarehelpingtotakethevictimstosafeareasfromtheflood4.Mostofthenewspaperseemstobewithpopstars.5.Hewasofgoingaloneintotheemptyhouse.Step2:Cryingmarriage?Itis1(surprise),isn’tit?Actually,thecustomofcryingmarriagewhich2(exist)alongtimeagoinmanyareasofSouthwestChina’sSichuanProvince,3(remain)infashion4theendoftheQingDynasty.Thoughnotsopopularasbefore,thecustomisstill5(observe)bypeopleinmanyplaces,especiallyTujiapeople,who6(view)itasanecessitytomarriageprocedure.Itisverymuchthesameindifferentplacesoftheprovince.Accordingtoelderlypeople,everybridehadtocryatthewedding.7,thebride’sneighborswouldlookdownuponherasapoorly8(cultivate)girlandshewouldbecomethelaughingstockofthevillage.Infact,therewerecasesinwhichthebridewas9(beat)byhermotherfornotcryingattheweddingceremony.Inaword,cryingatweddingisawaybycustomtosetoffthehappinessoftheweddingthroughfalselysorrowfulwords.However,inthe10(arrange)marriagesoftheolddaysofChina,therewereindeedquitealotofbrideswhocriedovertheirunsatisfactorymarriageandeventheirmiserablelife.Step3:利用上述段落完