(英语)高二英语试卷英语阅读理解(人生百味)题分类汇编及解析

（英语）高二英语试卷英语阅读理解(人生百味)题分类汇编及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类1．阅读理解

ArobotcreatedbyWashingtonStateUniversity(WSU)scientistscouldhelpelderlypeoplewithdementia(痴呆)andotherlimitationsliveindependentlyintheirownhomes.

TheRobotActivitySupportSystemorRAS,usessensorsinstalledinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities.Itnavigates(定位)throughroomsandaroundobstaclestofindpeopleonitsown,providesvideoinstructionsonhowtodosimpletasksandcanevenleaditsownertoobjectsliketheirmedicationorasnackinthekitchen."RAScombinestheconvenienceofamobilerobotwiththeactivitydetectiontechnologyofaWSUsmarthometoprovideassistanceinthemoment,astheneedforhelpisdetected,"saidBryanMinor,apostdoctoralresearcherintheWSUSchoolofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience.

Currently,anestimated50percentofadultsovertheageof85needassistancewitheverydayactivitiessuchaspreparingmealsandtakingmedicationandtheannualcostforthisassistanceintheUSisnearly$2trillion.Withthenumberofadultsover85expectedtotripleby2050,researchershopethattechnologieslikeRASandtheWSUsmarthomewillrelievesomeofthefinancialstrainonthehealthcaresystembymakingiteasierforolderadultstolivealone.

RASisthefirstrobotresearchershavetriedtoincorporateintotheirsmarthomeenvironment.TheyrecentlypublishedastudyinthejournalCognitiveSystemsResearchthatdemonstrateshowRAScouldmakelifeeasierforolderadultsstrugglingtoliveindependently.

"Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising,"Minorsaid."ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performancewithagroupofolderadultstogetabetterideaofwhatprompts,videoremindersandotherpreferencestheyhaveregardingtherobot."（1）HowdoesRASserveelderlypeople?A.

Throughsensors.

B.

Throughobjects.C.

Throughamobilerobot.

D.

Throughtheirdailyactivities.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutRAS?A.

Itisthefirstrobotusedindailylife.

B.

Itsfunctionremainstobetested.C.

Itcanlocatepeopleanddoanytask.

D.

Itcancookforownersonitsown.（3）What'sMinor'sattitudetowardthefutureofRAS?A.

Doubtful.

B.

Negative.

C.

Optimistic.

D.

Uncertain.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.

Elderlypeopleleavethenursinghome.

B.

SmartHomeTestsfirstelder-Carerobot.C.

RAS,thefirstrobottomakehomesmart.

D.

OlderadultshavebenefitedfromRAS.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。（1）考查细节理解。根据章第二段中的“TheRobotActivitySupportSystem,orRAS,usessensors（传感器）equippedinaWSUsmarthometodeterminewhereitsresidentsare,whattheyaredoingandwhentheyneedassistancewithdailyactivities”可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performance…”可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Whilewearestillinanearlystageofdevelopment,ourinitialresultswithRAShavebeenpromising”可知，Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观，故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。再根据最后一段中的“ThenextstepintheresearchwillbetotestRAS'performance”可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist,Harajukuisoneofthecity'smostnamed-checkedneighborhoods.Here'saquicklookatsomeofthehighlightseveryHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience.

TakeshitaStreet

Thefirstthingyou'regoingtowanttodoisgetsuckedintothevortexofTakeshitaStreet,thebestplacetotrypurikuruphotoboothsandobservethelatestcosplaytrends-fromCothicLolitatocyberpunk.

WEGOisapopularfashionchainofferingthelatesttrendsandasectionforvintageclothes.Tutuannaiswhereyoucanfindinterestingsocksthatwilladdanampledoseofkawaiitoyouroutfit.

CatStreet

CatStreetismorerelaxingplacetostrollandshop,withstoresfocusingonhigher-endbrands.

RAGTAGisthebestplacetofindsecond-handitems.HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes,includingbaseballteamhappicoatsandtraditionalkimonos.

OmotesandoAvenue

AnotherfamousshoppingstreetOmotesandoAvenueisalarge,tree-linedthoroughfarethatcutsthroughHarajukuandisfilledwithhundredsofshopsandrestaurants.

SukajyanDept,atinysouvenirjacketstore,ispackedwiththeworksofKenKakinuma.TOKYUPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuiswhereyou'llfindthatfamousmirroredentrancewaythatsomanytravelersshareontheinternet.（1）Ifyouwanttobuyvintageclothing,whereshouldyougo?A.WEGO&Tutuanna.B.SukajyanDept&RAGTAG.C.WEGO&HarajukuChicago.D.RAGTAG&HarajukuChicago.（2）WhenvisitingOmotesandoAvenue,youmay

.A.buyinterestingsocks.B.takearelaxingwalk.C.trypurikuraphotobooths.D.postthemirroredentrancewayonline.（3）Whichsectionofthewebsitemaythetextbechosenfrom?A.Travel.B.Business.C.Entertainment.D.Fashion.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了东京原宿三条著名的商业街及其特色。（1）考查细节理解。根据TakeshitaStreet部分中的”WEGOisapopularfashionchainoffering...vintageclothes”可知，WEGO销售老式衣服；根据CatStreet部分中的“HarajukuChicagoboastsawidevarietyofvintageclothes”可知，HarajukuChicago也卖老式衣服。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据OmotesandoAvenue部分中的”TokyuPlazaOmotesandoHarajukuis...thatsomanytravelersshareontheInternet”可知，原宿表参道东急购物中心是许多游客在网上分享的著名的有镜子的入口的地方。可推知，在参观表参道大街的时候，你可能做的事情是找到在网上发布有镜子的入口。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”AtopalmosteveryTokyovisitor'smust-seelist”和”everyHarajukuvisitorshouldexperience”和下文的内容可知，本文主要为旅游者介绍东京原宿的旅游商业街。可知，本文可能选自网站的旅游版块。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Failureisanunavoidablepartoflife.Thoughsciencehasnamedsomelifeskillsthatpromisesuccess,we'retoldoverandoveragainthatnogreatsuccesswaseverachievedwithoutfailure--ormanyfailedattempts.Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.Butwhatisthemessage?

Forstarters,ignoreadvicefromanyonethattellsyou,"Don'tbeatyourselfupaboutit,"nomatterhowwell-meaningtheyare.AccordingtothenewresearchfromtheUniversityofKansas,weabsolutelyshouldbebeatingourselvesupwhenwefail.MarketingprofessorNoelleNelsonandherteamfoundthatthemoreemotionalaperson'sresponseistofailure,themorelikelytheyaretoachievebetterresultsthenexttimetheydealwitharelatedtask.

Theresearcherscarriedouttwoexperimentsinwhichundergraduatestudentswererequiredtoperformspecifictasks.Inoneexperiment,theywereaskedtosearchonlineforasqueezerandreportthelowestpricetheycouldfindwiththepossibilityofwinninga$50cashprize.However,thetaskwascontrolled,andallparticipantsweretold(byacomputer)thatthelowestpricewas$3.27lessthantheirreportedprice.Consequently,noparticipantwonthecashprize.Whentheresultswereannounced,someparticipantswereaskedtofocusontheiremotionalresponse,andothersontheircognitive(认知的)response.Duringthenextsimilartask,participantswhofocusedontheiremotionalresponsetofailuremademoreeffortthanthosewhofocusedonacognitiveresponse.

Everybodyhastheirownuniquechallenges,responsibilities,duties,andprojects,butthesefindingsarerelatedtoallofus.Yourpersonalfailuremaybeacakethatfailstorise,apresentationthatgoeswrong,oradeadlinethatgetsmissed—itdoesn'tmatter.Whatmattersishowyoureacttoit.Insteadofthinkingaboutthefailure,letyourselffeelbadaboutit.Thenfollowthisadviceonhowtobouncebackafteryourfailure.（1）What'stherelationshipbetweenfailureandsuccess?A.Failurepromisessuccess.B.Failureisthekeytosuccess.C.Failuredoesdamagetosuccess.D.Well-handledfailureisgoodforsuccess.（2）Whydoesthewritersupportbeatingoneselfupwhenfailing?A.It'sawell-meaningsuggestionforfailure.B.It'sbeenprovedbythestudyofauniversity.C.Beingemotionalisgoodforhisfuturesuccess.D.Itcanmakepeoplelessemotionalaboutfailure.（3）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PersonalFailureIsaCakeThatFailstoAppearB.TheMostProductiveWaytoHandleAnyFailureC.DifferentMethodstoChangeFailureintoSuccessD.TheReasonWhyFailureIstheMotherofSuccess【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者传达了失败乃是人生不可避免的一部分，但是如何处理失败是很重要的。每次失败后，我们应该自责，自责能让我们下次做得更好。（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的we'retoldoverandoveragainthatnogreatsuccesswaseverachievedwithoutfailure以及“Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.（人生中很重要的一课是学会如何最好地处理失败）”可知，好好处理的失败对成功是好的。故选D。（2）细节理解题。由第二段中的“weabsolutelyshouldbebeatingourselvesupwhenwefail（当我们失败的时候我们应该自责）”与“themoreemotionalaperson'sresponseistofailure,themorelikelytheyaretoachievebetterresultsthenexttimetheydealwitharelatedtask（一个人对失败的情绪越大，下次他遇到相关的任务取得更好的结果的可能越大）”可知，对失败有情绪对将来的成功是很重要的。故选C。（3）主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，根据文章第一段中的最后一句“Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.（人生中很重要的一课是学会如何最好地处理失败）”可知，本文是教给大家如何有效地面对失败。故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要注意根据题目和文章的关键词在文章中寻找答案。推理判断题要注意联系上下文，推断出所需信息，主旨大意题要注意找文章的主题句或主题段落，联系上下文，从而判断出文章的主题。4．阅读理解

Theworld'srichestmanmightseemtohaveitall,butBillGateshasoneregret.Theself-madebillionairesaidhefeltstupidfornotknowinganyforeignlanguages.

SpeakinginhisthirdAskMeAnythingquestion-and-answersessionforonlineforumReddit(红迪网),theMicrosoftfoundersaidthathewishedhespokeFrench,ArabicorChinese.

Hesaid,"ItookLatinandGreekinhighschoolandgotAsandIguessithelpsmyvocabulary.Ikeephopingtogettimetostudyoneofthese—probablyFrenchbecauseitistheeasiest.IdidDuolingoforawhilebutdidn'tkeepitup."

Gates,whoisworth$79.3billion,praisedFacebookfounderMarkZuckerbergforsurprisinganaudienceinBeijingwhenhespokefluentChinese."MarkZuckerbergamazinglylearnedChineseanddidaQ&AwithChinesestudents—unbelievable,isn'tit?"hesaid.

Thisisn'tthefirsttimeforGatestoadmithisregretoverlanguage.Healsoshowedhishabitsathomeandpersonalinsights.

LastFebruary,Gatessaidhelikestodothedisheshimself—tohisownspecialstandardseverynightandalsotoldtheinterviewerthathiswife,Melinda,wouldlikelywantSamuelL.Jacksontoplayherhusbandinabiopic(传记片).

Healsoadmittedthathewouldpickupa$100billifhefounditonthestreet.

AshetookthetopspotonForbes(福布斯)28thAnnualBillionaireslistlastyearforthefourthtime,hesaidheisprettybasicwhenitcomestospendingonclothesandfood,butthatheenjoysinvestinginshoesandrackets(球拍)whenheplaystennis.

Whenaskedalifelessonhehadtolearnthehardway,thebillionairesaidstayinguptoolateisahabitheisstilltryingtobreak."Don'tstayuptoolateevenifthebookisreallyexciting.Youwillregretitinthemorning.Pamisstillworkingonthisproblem,"hesaid.（1）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

AnInterviewwithBillGates

B.

HowBillGatesSucceededC.

BillGates'Regret

D.

TheRichestBillionaire（2）Theunderlinedpartinparagraph8mayactuallymeanthat_______.A.

itisimportanttolayagoodfoundationoflifeB.

foodandclothingarebasicneedsforpeople'slifeC.

henevercaresaboutbuyingfoodandclothingD.

hedoesn'tspendmuchmoneyonfoodandclothes（3）WhatadvicedidBillGatesgive?A.

Dothedishesyourselfathome.

B.

Beagoodlanguagelearner.C.

Avoidstayinguptoolate.

D.

Pickupthe$100billsinthestreets.（4）Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.

BillGatesisalsothefounderofFacebook.B.

BillGateswasgoodatlearninglanguagesinhighschool.C.

BillGatestoppedthelistofForbes28times.D.

BillGates'wifewantsSamueltoplayagamewithGates.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，白手起家的亿万富翁比尔·盖茨认为自己不懂外语是人生的一个遗憾。（1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Theworld'srichestmanmightseemtohaveitall,butBillGateshasoneregret.Theself-madebillionairesaidhefeltstupidfornotknowinganyforeignlanguages.”世界首富比尔·盖茨似乎拥有一切，但他有一个遗憾。这位白手起家的亿万富翁说，他觉得自己不懂外语很愚蠢。是全文的主题句，可知这篇文章主要讲了比尔·盖茨的遗憾，故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“butthatheenjoysinvestinginshoesandrackets(球拍)whenheplaystennis.”但他喜欢在打网球时，投资买鞋和球拍。由此推断出上文的意思是他在食物和衣服上花的钱不多，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Whenaskedalifelessonhehadtolearnthehardway,thebillionairesaidstayinguptoolateisahabitheisstilltryingtobreak.”当被问及人生的教训时，这位亿万富翁表示，他仍在努力改掉熬夜的习惯。由此可知，比尔·盖茨的建议是避免熬夜太晚，故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ItookLatinandGreekinhighschoolandgotAsandIguessithelpsmyvocabulary.”我在高中的时候学过拉丁语和希腊语，拿到了A，我想这对我的词汇量有帮助。由此推断出比尔·盖茨在高中时很擅长学习语言，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Itwasmanyyearsago.Iwasayoungdadsittingonthecouchreadingafairytaletomylittlegirl.ShesatnexttomewithherheadonmyarmasItoldthetale.WhenitcametotheendIfinishedwiththosefamouswords:"Andtheylivedhappilyeverafter."AsIlookedovertoherwithherwavy(鬈曲的),brownhairandbig,innocenteyesIcouldseethesmileonherfaceandIneverwantedittoend.ThenitdawnedonmethattheendingofthebookwaswhatIwantedforher.Iwantedherto"livehappilyeverafter".

Still,deepinmyheartIknewthatthiscouldn'talwaysbeso.Iknewthattherewouldbetimeswhenherheartwasbroken.IknewtherewouldbetimeswhenshecriedingriefandIcouldn'tcomforther.Iknewtherewouldbetimeswhenallshefeltwasfear,sadness,sorrow,anddespair.AsIstrokedherhairandsmiledatherIhopedthatthosetimeswouldbebriefandthatshewouldhavejoyinherlifemoreoftenthannot.Livinghappilyeverafter,though,seemedoutofthequestion.

Ittakesmealotofyearstorealizethatitispossibletolivehappilyeverafter.Youjusthavetodoit"onedayatatime".Happinessyouseeisn'tsomerewardthatyougetattheendofyourjourney.Happinessisn'tsomethingthatdependsonwhatlifeyouown.Happinessissomethingyoucreateinyourlifechoicebychoiceanddaybyday.

Thetruthishappinesscomeswhenyoulove.LoveisagiftfromGod.Itislovethatmendsbrokenhearts.Itislovethathealsgrief.Itislovethatgivesusjoy.Chooseto"livehappilyeverafter,onedayatatime".（1）Whatistheauthor'swishtohisdaughter?A.

Gettingagoodjobinthefuture.

B.

Makingmanyfriendsinherschool.C.

Travelingaroundtheworldinherlife.

D.

Havingahappylifeeverafter.（2）WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2?A.

Life'smeaningconsistsindevotion.B.

Lifeisalwaysfullofdifficultiesandchallenges.C.

Therearetimesthatlifegoesagainstus.D.

Everyonehastherighttoobtainhappinessandfreedom.（3）Howtogethappinessinauthor'sopinion?A.

Rewardyourselfonceaday.

B.

Createitbyyourselfinyourdailylife.C.

Getridofthosedisturbingthings.

D.

Takechargeofyourlifeindependently.（4）Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.

Toshowthesignificanceoflove.

B.

Todescribeadaughter'sgrowth.C.

Tointroducethedefinitionoflove.

D.

Totellayoungfather'sexperience.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者每天为女儿读故事书，希望女儿从此以后能过上快乐幸福的生活，后来作者明白：幸福来自于自己的创造，来自于充满爱的心。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“

Iwantedherto‘livehappilyeverafter’.”可知，作者希望女儿从此过上幸福的生活。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。本段作者写了女儿今后可能遇到的害怕、哀痛、悲伤、绝望的时刻，这些都是生活中与我们心意背道而驰的，故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Happinessissomethingyoucreate…”可知，作者认为幸福需要自己去创造，故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“happinesscomeswhenyoulove”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是表明爱的意义和重要性，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

TheassociatesIhiredinmybicycleandlawnmowershoplikemyselfwereneverperfect;however,theywereexcellent.Workingwiththemastheyimprovedtaughtmenewwaystoshowforgiveness,understanding,andpatience.

Onedaytheplacementofficeraskedmetointerviewayoungmanwhowashavingtroublefindingajob.HetoldmethatDavidwasalittleshy,didnottalkmuchandwasafraidtogoonwithinterviews.HerequestedthatIgiveDavidaninterviewjustforpractice.HeplainlytoldDavidthatIhadnopositionsopenatthetimeandtheinterviewwasjustforpractice.

WhenDavidcameinfortheinterview,hehardlysaidaword.Itoldhimwhatwedidatthebicycleshopandshowedhimaround.ItoldDavidtokeepshowingupbecausethenumberonethinganemployerwantedinanassociatewasdependability.Davidwasveryquiet(hewasevaluatedasaslowlearnerinschool).Everytendaysorso,forweeksaftertheinterview,Davidwalkedintothebicycleshopandstoodbythefrontdoor.Heneversaidaword,juststoodbythedoor.

Oneday,shortlybeforeChristmas,alargetruckcametotheshop,packedwith250newbicycles.Ithadtobeunloadedrightawayorthedriverwouldleave.Itwasraining.Someofmyworkers(withoutphysicallimitations)chosenottobravetheweathertogetintowork,soIwasshort-handed.Itseemedeverythingwasgoingwrongandontopofit,Davidcameinthefrontdoorandjuststoodthere.Ilookedathimandshouted,“Well,allright!Filloutatimecardandhelpmeunloadthistruck!”

Davidworkedformybicycleshopforeighteenyears.Hecametoworkeverydaythirtyminutesearly.Hecouldtalk;however,herarelychoseto.Hedrovemytruckandmadedeliveries.ThecustomerswouldpraiseDavid,saying,“Hedoesn'ttalk,buthereallyshowsyouhowtooperatealawnmower!”（1）TheauthorgaveDavidaninterviewto

.A.

findapersonwhoisreliable

B.

givehimsomepracticeC.

findapart-timeworkerinneed

D.

showsympathyforhim（2）TheauthorfinallyhiredDavidbecause

.A.

heneededsomeonewhowaswillingtoworkthenB.

therewerenootherworkersintheshopthenC.

DavidkeptshowingupD.

herealizedDavidwasdependable（3）Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat

.A.

somecustomersjustplayjokesonDavid

B.

DavidhashadhischaracterchangedthroughworkC.

theauthorfeelsluckytohireDavidD.

theauthorprefersDavidtobemoreoutgoing【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，David是作者的一位雇员,虽然他不善言辞,但勤恳踏实的工作态度赢得了顾客的赞美。他也让作者明白:作者的伙伴们和作者一样都不完美,但却很优秀。在跟他们一起工作的日子里,作者学会了宽恕、理解和耐心。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二中的“HerequestedthatIgiveDavidaninterviewjustforpractice.”可知,他要求作者给David进行一次面试,仅仅只是为了练习。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段可知,当装满250辆新自行车的大卡车冒雨到达时,一些工人不愿在这样的天气情况下工作,因此人手短缺。这时作者正好看到David进来,于是叫他过来帮忙。结合最后一段可知,David从此开始在这里工作了。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，David在作者的店里勤勤恳恳工作了十八年,还受到了顾客的赞扬。由此可推知,作者感觉很幸运能有这样的员工。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Thegreat-grandmotherislearningEnglishwiththehelpofherfamilywhensheisattheageof91.Shehopestousethelanguageatnextyear'sOlympicGamesinTokyo.Takamizawawasoneofthemorethan200,00peoplewhorequestedtovolunteerforTokyo's2020Games.Englishisnotrequiredforservice,butitisausefulskillforvolunteerstohave.

ButTakamizawahadnotbeenabletolearnthelanguagewhenshewasyoung.TakamizawasaidthatshewasinhighschoolwhenWorldWarTwostarted.Shesaid,"Inmysecondyearthere,Englishwasbannedbecauseitwastheenemylanguage."

Takamizawasaidhergrandchildrenhelpedpersuadeherthatshewasnottoooldtolearn."WhenItalkedtomygrandchildrenaboutmywish,theysaid,'It'snottoolate.Wewillteachyouonewordaday'".NatsukoisTakamizawa'sgranddaughterandmainEnglishteacher.NatsukosendsanewEnglishwordtohergrandmother'sphoneeveryday.TheyalsooftenworktogetherdirectlyonphrasesthatTakamizawawillneedfortheOlympics."WelcometoTokyo,thisistheOlympicstadium,howcanIhelpyou?"TakamizawaanswerswhenaskedtosayanEnglishphraseshehaslearned.Natsukoexplainsthatshewantedtogivehergrandmothersomethingtoenjoy."IcanclearlyseeherEnglishisgettingbetter.It'smyjoynow."

TheEFEnglishProficiencyIndexisameasureofthelevelofEnglishspokeninacountry.Japanranks49thamongcountrieswhereEnglishisnotthefirstlanguage.ThissituationisslowlychangingasyoungergenerationswelcomeEnglish.However,TakamizawabelievesrealchangewillnothappenunlessJapanesepeoplebecomemoreopentotherestoftheworld.Witharound500daystogountilthegamesbegin,thewholeTakamizawafamilyisreadytowelcometheworldtoTokyo.（1）Whycouldn'tTakamizawalearnEnglishwhenshewasyoung?A.

BecauseEnglishwasuseless.

B.

BecauseshewastooyoungtolearnEnglish.C.

BecauseEnglishwasforbiddentolearn.

D.

BecauseshewasunwillingtolearnEnglish.（2）Whatcanweknowfromthethirdparagraph?A.

Takamizawagetsstrongsupportfromherfamily.B.

Takamizawa'sgrandchildrenloveheralot.C.

NatsukoisTakamizawa'sgranddaughterandonlyEnglishteacher.D.

NatsukoteachesTakamizawaEnglishmainlybytalkingwithher.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"Thissituation"inParagraph4referto?A.

EnglishisnotthefirstlanguageinJapan.B.

ThelevelofEnglishspokeninJapanisrelativelylow.C.

YoungergenerationsinJapanwelcomeEnglish.D.

Japanesepeoplebecomeopentotherestoftheworld.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

B.

Itisnevertoolatetolearn.C.

Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.

D.

Twoheadsarebetterthanone.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa为了做好迎接在东京举行的2020奥运会的志愿工作，在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下开始学习英语。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ButTakamizawahadnotbeenabletolearnthelanguagewhenshewasyoung.TakamizawasaidthatshewasinhighschoolwhenWorldWarTwostarted.Shesaid,‘Inmysecondyearthere,Englishwasbannedbecauseitwastheenemylanguage.’”可知，是在她高中二年级时第二次世界大战大战爆发了，而英语因为是敌人的语言被禁止了，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”Takamizawasaidhergrandchildrenhelpedpersuadeherthatshewasnottoooldtolearn.‘WhenItalkedtomygrandchildrenaboutmywish,theysaid,‘It'snottoolate.Wewillteachyouonewordaday'”.可知她的孙辈说服并且帮助她学习英语，因此推断她从家人那里得到很大的支持。故选A。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Japanranks49thamongcountrieswhereEnglishisnotthefirstlanguage.”在英语不是第一语言的国家中，日本排名第49位。可知“Thissituation”指的是在日本人的英语水平相对较低，故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。文章主要介绍了日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语，从她身上体现了“活到老，学到老”的精神，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解WISHYOUWEREMORECREATIVE?

Iwanttoaskyouafavor.Ihaveapairofpants.Tellme:HowmanydifferentwayscanIputapairofpantstouse?Nowimagineyou'reanarchitect.Samequestion.Nowimagineyou'reBillGates.Ascubadiver.Amedievalknight.Youstillhavethepants.Whatalternativeusescometomind?

Whatyoujustpracticed--theconsciousactof"wearing"anotherself-isanexercisethat,accordingtopsychiatristSriniPillay,MD,isessentialtobeingcreative.

Onegreatirony(讽刺)aboutourcollectiveaddictiontocreativityisthatwetendtoframeitinuncreativeways.Thatistosay,mostofusmarrycreativitytoourconceptofself:Eitherwe're"creative"orwearen't,withoutmuchofamiddleground."I'mjustnotacreativeperson!"adiscouragedstudentmightsayinartclass,whileanothermightblamehertalentatpaintingforherdifficultiesinmath,makingacomment"I'mveryright-brained."

Dr.Pillay,anassistantprofessoratHarvardUniversity,hasspentyearsoverturningtheseideas.Hebelievesthatthekeytounlockingyourcreativepotentialistochallengethestereotyped(陈词滥调的)advicethaturgesyouto"believeinyourself."Infact,youshoulddotheopposite:Believeyouaresomeoneelse.

Hepointstoastudyshowingtheimpactofstereotypeonone'sbehavior.Theauthors,psychologistsDenisDumasandKevinDunbar,dividedtheircollegestudentsubjectsintotwogroups,instructingonegrouptothinkofthemselvesas"eccentricpoets"andtheothertoimaginetheywere"rigidlibrarians".Theresearchersthenpresentedthemallwithordinaryobjects,includingafork,acarrot,andapairofpants,andaskedthemtocomeupwithasmanydifferentusesaspossibleforeachone.Theformergroupcameupwiththewidestrangeofideas,whereasthelatterhadthefewest.

Theseresultssuggestthatcreativityisnotanindividualcharacteristicbuta"productofcontextandperspective".Everyonecanbecreative,aslongasheorshefeelslikeacreativeperson.

Dr.Pillay'sworktakesthisastepfurther:Hearguesthatsimplyidentifyingyourselfascreativeislesspowerfulthantakingthebrave,creativestepofimaginingyouaresomebodyelse.Thisexercise,whichhecallspsychologicalHalloweenism,referstotheconsciousactionof"wearing"anotherself.Anactormayemploythistechniquetogetintocharacter,butanyonecanuseit.AccordingtoDr.Pillay,itworksbecauseitisanactofconsciousunfocus,acollectionofbrainregionsthatspringintoactionwhenyou'renotfocusedonaspecifictaskorthought.Mostpeoplespendnearlyhalfoftheirdaysinastateof"unfocus."Thisdoesn'tmakeuslazy;itmakesushuman.

Imaginingyourselfinanewsituation,oranentirelynewidentity,neverfeltsoproductive.You'remakingyourselfmorecreative,andyou'regivingyourselfpermissiontodosomethingyou'dotherwisefeelguiltyabout.（1）What'sthefunctionofthequestionsinparagraph1?A.

Toleadinthetopic.