题型二阅读理解课件(共452张)2025年中考英语译林版中考题型专项（江苏）

目录考点1细节理解题考点2推理判断题考点3词义猜测题考点4主旨大意题考点5篇章结构题考点6逻辑关系题A组主题语境练B组语境提升练题型二阅读理解解题方法主题精练解题方法1考点1细节理解题“能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息”是《义务教

育英语课程标准（2022年版）》中所规定初中生应达到的阅读能力之一。

阅读理解试题中对这种“获取信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是细

节理解题。近三年的江苏中考试卷中，不同体裁（应用文、记叙文、说明

文）的阅读理解都会设有1－2题细节理解题。由于应用文的体裁特点决定

了阅读文本就是为了获取读者所需有效信息，解决实际问题，故而应用文

所设计的细节理解题会更多一些，通常为2－3题。

一、应用文1.

先题后文，根据题干关键词快速定位原文信息，切忌逐句细读。2.

题文同序，按照设题顺序依次向下，对号入座。3.

把握主要信息，只要是无关答题的生词和句式，一概略过。二、记叙文1.

重点关注尾段，准确把握文章主旨，尤其注意形容词和副词，搞清楚作

者或文中人物的情感态度。2.

弄清楚记叙文的六要素（时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过、结

果）。三、说明文1.

细读首尾两端，抓住文章主旨。2.

重点关注各段首尾句中体现观点态度的词句、表示转折的词句以及重点

标点处。3.

平时注意词汇积累，提高长难句的分析能力。

直接细节

直接细节理解题大多可以直接从文中找到答案，而有些需要在理解材

料中相关句子的基础上对有关信息进行处理才能得出答案。常见的命题方

式主要有：①Which

of

the

following

is

NOT

mentioned

in

the

passage？②Which

of

the

following

statements

is

NOT

true？③Which

of

the

following

is

NOT

considered

as…？④What/Who/When/Where/How/Why/How

many/How

long…？⑤What…have

in

common？⑥Which

of

the

following

best

describes…？常见解题方法如下：例1

[2023苏州，11]What

was

your

favorite

subject

in

school？History.

I

really

loved

studying

different

time

periods，countries

and

cultures.

I

still

love

to

read

history

books；travel

when

possible；watch

the

History

Channel.－Kristin

SingerHistory/social

studies.

A

great

teacher

got

me

thinking

about

the

role

that

each

of

us

plays

in

society

and

how

we

can

change

the

course

of

history.－Richard

GoldmanTop

AnswersScience

25％Math

18％History/social

studies

17％English

14％Other（includes

music，art，etc.）

26％A.17％.B.18％.C.25％.D.26％.第一步：抓住题干中的关键词Science，第二步：根据关键词定位到

“Science

25％”，第三步：对比选项。故选C。What

percent

of

people

in

this

survey

like

Science？

⁠C

1.

[2023徐州，32]Thanks

for

telling

me

about

your

hobbies.

You

sound

just

like

me！I

love

reading.

I

spend

a

lot

of

time

on

novels

but

science

books

are

my

favourite.

I

enjoy

sports

as

well，especially

ball

games.

Sometimes

I

get

low

marks

at

school，and

I

feel

sad.

I

know

I

should

work

harder.What

type

of

book

does

Nick

like

best？

⁠A.Novel.B.Science.C.Sports.D.Travel.B

2.

[2023南通，31]The

schwa

is

a

vowel

which

sounds

like

“uh”.

English

speakers

pronounce

many

other

vowel

sounds

as

the

schwa.

Learning

when

to

exchange

them

can

make

your

English

sound

more

natural.What

should

you

do

to

make

your

English

sound

more

natural？

⁠A.Speak

slowly

and

clearly.B.Use

“He”

and

“She”

correctly.C.Learn

the

schwa

skillfully.D.Fall

and

rise

your

tone

fluently.C

间接细节

间接细节理解题的题目信息与原文表述通常不一致，答案跨句子或段

落，解题时需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，依靠主要事实、图表、图形

来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系对获取的信息进行

比较，归纳和概括，通过加工或整理后得出结论。常见的命题方式有：①Which

of

the

following

is

（NOT）

true？②Which

of

the

following

is

true

according

to

the

article？③According

to

the

passage，

which

of

the

following

is

NOT

mentioned

as

one

of

the

reasons

for…？④If

you…，

you

can…常见解题方法如下：例2

[2023常州，27]That’s

a

lot

of

water.

And

sending

water

into

space

is

too

expensive.

It

costs

$33，000

to

send

one

cup

of

water

to

Mars.

The

more

you

take，the

more

it

costs.

We

have

the

technology

to

get

to

Mars，but

the

problem

is

that

it’s

too

expensive.

But

Flynn，an

engineer

at

NASA，thinks

he

has

a

way

of

solving

the

problem.

Instead

of

building

a

heavy

spaceship

and

packing

it

full

of

stuff（物

料），why

not

use

the

stuff

as

part

of

the

spaceship？What

is

the

advantage

of

Flynn’s

system？

⁠A

A.Cost

is

saved.B.Travelling

time

is

saved.C.Plastic

bags

are

saved.D.Food

is

saved.

第一步：抓住题干关键信息advantage

of

Flynn’s

system；第二步：根据

关键信息定位到“but

the

problem

is

that

it’s

too

expensive”以及“But

Flynn，an

engineer

at

NASA，thinks

he

has

a

way

of

solving

the

problem.”；第三步：通过分析加工可知，去火星的成本太高，但弗林系统

的好处是没有那么贵，即节省了费用。故选A。

3.

[2023南通，42]Jordan

rose

to

shoot.

As

the

Lions

rushed

toward

him，he

passed

the

ball

to

Devin－wide

open

near

the

basket.Devin

turned

and

shot.

The

ball

fell

cleanly

through

the

net

for

the

winning

points.“Yes！”

Jordan

shouted.

After

celebrating

with

his

team，he

ran

to

hug

his

parents.

“You

still

have

the

record，”

he

told

his

dad.Dad

smiled.

“You

have

something

more

important.

A

championship.

And

great

teammates.

Congratulations

on

your

history！”⁠Which

of

the

following

is

true

according

to

the

article？_____

A.Dad’s

team

got

the

championship

30

years

before.B.A

celebration

was

held

to

mark

the

league’s

fiftieth

title

game.C.Jordan

passed

the

ball

to

his

teammate

Devin

to

win

the

game.D.Jordan

celebrated

with

the

team

for

his

dad’s

congratulations.C

4.

[2023苏州，19]Sleep

loss

hurts

attention，memory

and

brain

development.

Students

with

less

sleep

have

difficulty

paying

attention

in

class

and

are

likely

to

have

lower

grades.

Students

with

enough

sleep

can

be

more

energetic

during

the

day

and

more

willing

to

learn.

They

are

also

less

likely

to

fall

asleep

in

class

and

more

able

to

understand

what

they

learn.How

can

sleep

loss

influence

students’

study？

⁠B

A.It

gives

them

much

energy.B.It

does

harm

to

the

brain.C.It

saves

more

time

for

study.D.It

improves

their

memory.

读图或计算

读图题或计算题要求考生能够把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正

含义、根据文章的描述能够准确推断出正确答案。常见的命题方式有：①Which

photo

shows…？②Which

photo

is

right

to

describe…？③According

to

the

passage，which

of

the

following

is

TRUE

about…？常见解题方法如下：例3

[2023徐州，31]I

hope

you

will

know

me

from

my

photo

when

I

arrive

at

the

airport.

I’m

short

with

small

bright

eyes.

I’ll

wear

jeans

and

a

T－shirt

for

the

journey.

I’ve

got

your

photo－you

look

handsome.

I’m

sure

we’ll

find

each

other！

Which

photo

shows

Nick？

⁠C

ABCD第一步：抓住题干关键信息Nick；第二步：根据关键信息定位到“I’m

short

with

small

bright

eyes.

I’ll

wear

jeans

and

a

T－shirt

for

the

journey.”第

三步：根据描述并与图片对比选C。

5.

[2023扬州，33]Northeast

China

Tiger

&

Leopard

National

ParkLocations：Heilongjiang

and

Jilin

provinces

Landscapes：Mountains，hills，and

valleysRepresentative

species：Siberian

tiger，Amur

leopard（豹）Progress：Increasing

population

of

protected

animal

species

from

the

year

of

2015

to

2022－Siberian

tigers：27→50；

Amur

leopards：42→60

According

to

the

passage，which

of

the

following

is

TRUE

about

the

progress

of

the

parks？

⁠

A

6.

[2023扬州，41]That

night，July

11，2022，Nick

Bostic

was

driving

down

the

streets

of

Lafayette，Indiana，when

he

found

a

two－story

house

was

on

fire.Flames（火焰）were

climbing

up

the

front

porch.

Without

pausing

for

a

moment

to

think

about

the

danger，Bostic

stopped

his

car

and

ran

from

the

back

door

into

the

burning

building，which

belongs

to

the

Barrett

family.…“Kaylani

is

in

there！We

can’t

find

her！”

Sarah，the

eldest

of

the

girls，screamed

refering

to

her

six－year－old

sister.

Without

hesitating，

Bostic

ran

back

inside

at

once.The

picture

in

the

passage

is

helpful

because

it

shows

⁠.D

A.when

Kaylani

was

foundB.how

brave

Kaylani

and

Bostic

wereC.what

the

two－story

house

on

fire

was

likeD.how

the

hero

saved

Kaylani

at

the

very

moment

信息排序

信息排序题是有规律可循的，文章是按照一定的逻辑关系叙述的，或

者是依照事件发展的先后顺序，或者是按照因果顺序、递进关系、转折关

系、解释关系、例证关系、定义关系等，这些都可以通过一些关键词看出

来。常见的命题方式有：①Which

is

the

right

order

of

the

following

events？②Which

of

the

following

is

the

correct

order

of

the

story？③Which

is

the

correct

order

of

the

things

below？常见的解题技巧如下：例4

[2023连云港，31]“Please

read

this，”

Phyllis

said，and

put

a

letter

into

his

hand.The

train

left

the

station.

The

old

gentleman

sat

down

and

read

the

letter.

It

was

from

Peter.

The

letter

said：Dear

Mr.

We

do

not

know

your

name.Mother

is

ill，and

the

doctor

says

we

must

give

her

some

special

things.

But

Mother

can’t

afford

them.

We

do

not

know

anyone

here

because

Father

is

away，and

we

do

not

know

where

he

lives.

Father

will

pay

you，or

if

he

has

lost

all

his

money，I

will

pay

you

when

I

am

a

man.

I

promise

you.

Please

get

all

the

things

on

this

list，and

give

them

to

the

station

master

tomorrow.

The

letter

was

signed

by

Peter，Roberta，and

Phyllis.The

old

gentleman

read

the

letter

and

smiled.

Then

he

put

it

in

his

pocket

and

started

to

read

his

newspaper

again.That

night

there

was

a

knock

on

the

door

of

the

cottage.

The

porter

from

the

railway

station

was

there.“An

old

gentleman

gave

this

parcel（包裹）to

the

station

master，”

he

said.

“It’s

for

you.”The

parcel

was

full

of

everything

on

the

list

of

special

things

to

make

Mother

well

again.

There

was

a

letter

from

the

old

gentleman.

It

said：Dear

Peter，Roberta，and

Phyllis，Here

are

the

things

on

your

list.

I

am

very

happy

to

give

them

to

you，and

I

hope

your

mother

is

soon

better.

When

she

asks

where

the

things

come

from，

tell

her

they

are

from

a

friend.

When

she

is

well，you

can

tell

her

the

truth.

She

may

say

that

you

were

wrong

to

ask

a

stranger

for

these

things.

I

think

you

were

right.Which

is

the

right

order

of

the

following

events？

⁠a.TheoldgentlemanreadtheletterfromPeter.b.Phyllisputaletterintotheoldgentleman’shand.c.Theoldgentlemangaveaparceltothestationmaster.d.The

porter

gave

the

parcel

to

Peter，Roberta，and

Phyllis.e.Peter，Roberta，and

Phyllis

read

the

letter

from

the

old

gentleman.A.a－b－d－e－cB.a－e－d－b－cC.b－a－c－d－eD.b－c－d－a－eC

本题为信息排序题。第一步：确定故事的逻辑顺序；第二步：根据短

文故事的发展可知，菲利斯把求助信给了一位老先生，老先生看到信的内

容，接着他把装着所需物品的包裹交给了站长，看门人把包裹递给彼得、

罗伯塔和菲利斯，最后彼得、罗伯塔和菲利斯看到了老先生的来信；第三

步：根据逻辑顺序对应可知选C。

7.

[2022扬州，38]“Dad！Sandy

just

drilled

out

a

hole

in

the

fence

so

Sandy

and

I

can

talk！”

Daniel

spins

around.…Daniel

and

Sandy

not

only

keep

chatting

through

the

hole，they

also

exchange

gifts.

A

coloring

book，then

a

Hot

Wheels

car.

It’s

unclear

what

Daniel

gives

Sandy

in

return.One

afternoon，I

hear

Sandy’s

voice

floating

over

the

top

of

the

fence

with

the

hole.“I

thought

maybe

Daniel

could

come

for

a

play

date.”We

ring

the

bell

on

Sandy’s

porch.

She’s

a

middle－aged

woman

with

smiling

eyes.

Sandy’s

yard

is

sweet

with

the

smell

of

flowers.

We

have

a

pleasant

afternoon

with

Sandy，my

son’s

adult

friend，the

first

friend

Daniel

has

made

on

his

own.A

month

later，Sandy

leaves

to

care

for

her

moter

in

Kansas…One

day，Daniel

receives

Sandy’s

postcard.

They

write

frequently，

warmly.Which

of

the

following

is

the

correct

order

of

the

story？

⁠a.SandyleavesforKansastocareforhermother.b.Daniel

and

Sandy

exchange

gifts

through

the

hole.c.Daniel

and

Sandy

are

good

pen

friends.d.Sandy

drills

out

a

hole

in

the

fence.e.Sandy

invites

Daniel

to

come

to

her

yard

for

a

play

date.A.dbeacB.badecC.dceabD.ecadbA

考点2推理判断题“能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息；能根据语篇

推断人物的心理、行为动机等，推断信息之间简单的逻辑关系；能从不同

角度解读语篇，推断语篇的深层含义，作出正确的价值判断。”是《义务

教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》中所规定初中生应达到的阅读能力之

一。阅读理解试题中对这种“推断人物的心理、行为动机等，推断信息之

间简单的逻辑关系；推断语篇的深层含义等”能力的考查，主要采用的方

式就是推理判断题。

推理判断题主要考查考生对文章中人物的心理、行为动机等进行合理

推理判断的能力，需要考生对文本信息进行理解、判断和分析。推理判断

题内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果、目的等。

细节推断

细节推断包括具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件

等。这就要求考生能够把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义、准确

推断出正确答案。常见的命题方式有：①It

can

be

inferred/concluded/seen/learned

from

the

passage

that…②Which

of

the

following

conclusions

can

we

draw

according

to

the

passage？③The

writer

suggests

that…④Which

of

the

following

statements

does

the

passage

support？⑤What

can

we

infer

according

to

the

tips

in

the

passage？常见的解题方法如下：例1

[2023连云港，35]Several

young

students

who

also

work

with

Sano’s

surf

teacher

talked

about

Sano.“I

think

age

doesn’t

matter

in

surfing，”

a

12－year－old

surfer

said.“He

is

so

amazing，”

added

his

younger

brother.“To

be

honest，I

was

surprised

by

his

age，”

said

Sano’s

surfing

teacher.

“I

was

worried

that

he

would

get

hurt.

I

did

not

know

how

fit

he

was.”Sano

still

works

9－to－5

at

his

job.

Surfing

helps

make

him

less

stressed.“People

often

say

that

surfing

is

life

itself，”

he

said.

“I

think

it

is

true.”From

the

words

of

the

young

students

and

Sano’s

surf

teacher，we

can

infer

⁠.A.they

respect

Sano

very

muchB.Sano’s

age

influences

his

surfingC.they’re

worried

about

Sano’s

workD.Sano

is

often

hurt

when

practisingA

第一步：抓住题干关键信息the

words

of

the

young

students

and

Sano’s

surf

teacher；第二步：根据关键信息定位内容“I

think

age

doesn’t

matter

in

surfing”

“He

is

so

amazing”和“To

be

honest，I

was

surprised

by

his

age”。由关键信息可推知，这些人的言语中充满了尊敬。故选A。

1.

[2024苏州期中，25]“With

the

development

of

technology，our

textbooks

have

been

changing

all

the

time，”

said

Shang

Yin，an

IT

teacher

from

Beijing

101

Middle

School.

“From

typing

to

using

Word

and

Excel，and

then

today’s

coding

and

AI，the

courses

are

keeping

up

with

the

times

and

teaching

students

necessary

skills.”

In

the

future，there

will

be

more

jobs

where

AI

knowledge

is

required.

Even

in

daily

life，people

may

need

to

understand

things

like

ChatGPT

and

the

internet

of

things.

AI

education

will

become

increasingly

important，Shang

added.Why

is

AI

education

becoming

increasingly

important

according

to

the

passage？

⁠A.Because

AI

is

included

in

all

high

school

graduation

exams.B.Because

understanding

AI

is

becoming

a

necessary

skill.C.Because

AI

is

going

to

take

over

school

education.D.Because

AI

is

students’

most

powerful

competitor.B

2.

[2023宿迁，37]Tips

for

eating

wild

vegetable

s※Do

not

eat

wild

vegetables

you

don’t

know.※

Do

not

eat

polluted

wild

vegetables.※Do

not

eat

wild

vegetables

which

have

been

kept

for

a

long

time.

Eat

them

fresh

after

picking

them.※

Do

not

take

wild

vegetables

as

a

main

course.A.Do

not

eat

the

wild

vegetables

in

spring.B.Take

the

wild

vegetables

as

a

main

course.C.Store

the

wild

vegetables

as

long

as

possible.D.The

unknown

wild

vegetables

might

be

harmful.What

can

we

infer（推断）according

to

the

tips

in

the

passage？

⁠D

观点态度推断

推断观点态度题要求学生在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度进

行分析、识别。常见的命题方式有：①The

writer

of

the

passage

seems

to

think

that

.②What’s

the

writer’s

attitude

towards…？③What

is

the

author’s

opinion

on…？④What

does

the

author

think

about…？常见的解题方法如下：例2

[2023泰州，35]Here

is

another

example，in

Liu’s

essay

An

Eulogium

on

a

Humble

Cell（《陋室铭》），with

less

than

100

words，he

shows

a

lively

picture

of

his

humble

cell.

However，it

also

shows

how

he

was

pleased

with

the

poor

and

simple

life.

People

may

find

it

strange

that

one

can

feel

happy

living

in

such

a

humble

cell.

Learning

from

his

famous

sentence，“be

fragrant

because

of

my

virtues”，I

think

to

be

a

respectable

man

is

more

important

than

to

live

in

big

houses，to

wear

beautiful

clothes，to

enjoy

delicious

food，and

even

to

gain

knowledge.Influenced

by

Liu

Yuxi，which

of

the

following

does

the

writer

think

is

the

most

important？

⁠A.To

be

a

respectable

man.B.To

live

in

a

big

house.C.To

wear

beautiful

clothes.D.To

gain

more

knowledge.A

本题为推断观点态度题。第一步：抓住题干关键信息Influenced

by

Liu

Yuxi和the

writer

think

is

the

most

important；第二步：根据题干关键信息定位

到“Learning

from

his

famous

sentence，'be

fragrant

because

of

my

virtues'

（斯是陋室，惟吾德馨），I

think

to

be

a

respectable

man

is

more

important

than

to

live

in

big

houses，to

wear

beautiful

clothes，to

enjoy

delicious

food，

and

even

to

gain

knowledge.”；第三步，根据关键信息可推断，作者认为成

为一个受人尊敬的人比住在大房子里、穿美丽的衣服、享受美食甚至比获

取知识更重要。故选A。

3.

[2023泰州，38]The

importance

of

failures

in

making

food

is

as

much

as

successes.

Li

Mei，11，was

crazy

about

the

yummy

cakes

made

by

her

father

and

wanted

to

make

one

on

her

own.

But

when

taking

her

cake

out，she

was

frustrated（沮丧的）to

find

that

the

cake

was

hard

and

black

at

the

bottom.

Her

father

told

her

when

he

was

13，he

tried

to

make

cakes，but

wasted

boxes

of

eggs.

Then

together

with

Father，Li

Mei

found

out

what

had

gone

wrong

and

succeeded

in

making

one.

Li

Mei

learned

in

the

failure

of

cooking，and

could

be

braver

to

face

failures.What

does

the

writer

think

of

failure

in

cooking？

⁠A.Cooking

can

help

people

avoid

failure.B.There

is

no

failure

without

success.C.Failure

is

as

important

as

success.D.Cooking

is

sure

to

be

failure

at

last.C

文章来源或读者对象推断

推断文章来源或读者对象要求考生具备一定的常识，这样才能把

文章的内容与自己已经具备的常识结合起来做出准确推断。常见的命

题方式有：①Where

would

this

passage

most

probably

appear？②In

which

part

of

the

website

can

you

probably

find

this

passage？③Which

part

of

a

magazine

may

this

passage

be

taken

from？④Where

does

the

text

probably

come

from？⑤Who（m）

is

the

passage

probably

written

for？常见解题技巧如下：例3

[2023连云港，39]Many

of

us

have

seen

rainbows

in

the

sky

once

the

sun

starts

shining

again

after

it

rains.

For

us

to

see

a

rainbow，the

conditions

need

to

be

just

right.

We

need

some

water

drops

in

the

air，like

rain

or

even

fog，and

we

need

the

sun

to

be

behind

us

and

quite

low

to

the

ground.

This

is

because

a

rainbow

is

created

by

light

passing

through

water

drops.The

light

that

comes

from

the

sun

seems

white

to

us.

But

the

white

light

we

see

is

made

up

of

a

mix

of

different

colors.

When

the

light

goes

through

a

raindrop，these

colors

can

separate

out.Which

part

of

a

magazine

may

this

passage

be

taken

from？

⁠A.Science.B.Health.C.Culture.D.Fashion.A

本题为推理判断文章出处题。第一步：确定文章语篇类型，科普类短

文；第二步：概括文章主要内容，短文介绍的是彩虹及其颜色是如何形

成；第三步：根据语篇类型和内容可推知，应该在杂志科学版块可看到，

故选A。

4.

[2023苏州，21]Teenagers

need

eight

to

ten

hours

of

sleep

per

night.

However，in

adolescence（青春期）changes

to

the

body’s

sleep

cycle

make

it

difficult

for

teens

to

fall

asleep

early.

Many

cannot

fall

asleep

until

10：30

p.m.

or

even

later

and

most

of

them

will

feel

sleepy

if

they

have

to

get

up

too

early.Scientists

recommend

that

both

middle

and

high

schools

begin

no

earlier

than

8：30

a.m.

Later

school

start

times

support

the

natural

needs

of

teenagers

and

increase

their

sleeping

time.Here

are

some

other

benefits

of

later

school

start

times：⁠In

which

part

of

the

website

can

you

probably

find

this

passage？

⁠A

A.Education.B.Fashion.C.Sports.D.Technology.

行文方式推断

推断行文方式就是要揣测作者运用某种写作手法或如何开启文章的写

作的。常见的命题方式有：①How

does

the

writer

begin

the

passage？②In

what

way

did

the

author

write

the

article？

常见的解题技巧如下：例4

[2023扬州，34]What

would

happen

if

you

tried

to

blow

a

soap（肥皂）

bubble

in

below－freezing

weather？Would

it

freeze

and

fall

to

the

ground？

Would

you

have

to

hit

it

with

a

stone

to

break

it？These

questions

came

into

my

mind

one

cold

winter

day.It

was

too

cold

to

play

in

the

snow，but

it

was

a

perfect

time

to

experiment

with

blowing

frozen

bubbles.How

does

the

writer

begin

the

passage？

⁠C

A.By

comparing

two

types

of

bubbles.B.By

describing

the

freezing

cold

weather.C.By

asking

some

questions

about

the

subject.D.By

presenting

the

tools

needed

to

do

the

experiment.

第一步：紧抓关键信息；第二步：分析关键信息，根据“What

would

happen

if…？Would

it…？Would

you

have

to

hit…？”可知，是几个问句；

第三步：结合题干和文章主要内容可知，作者通过几个问题引出文章的话

题。故选C。

5.

[2024扬州，42]Think

about

how

much

time

you

spent

outside

last

week.

Really

“outside”.

Walking

from

the

car

into

the

mall

doesn’t

count.Now

think

about

how

much

time

you

spent

indoors－on

the

Internet

or

playing

video

games

or

watching

TV.

How

does

the

writer

first

introduce

the

topic

of

outdoor

play？

⁠A.By

presenting

the

results

of

a

recent

study.B.By

introducing

different

kinds

of

outdoor

play.C.By

inviting

the

reader

to

think

about

his

or

her

own

case.D.By

telling

the

reader

outdoor

play

is

good

for

body

and

mind.C

考点3词义猜测题“能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息，能根据语篇

的上下文和构词法推断书面语篇中生词的含义。”是《义务教育英语课程

标准（2022年版）》中所规定初中生应达到的阅读能力之一。阅读理解试

题中对这种“能根据语篇的上下文和构词法推断书面语篇中生词的含义”

能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是词义猜测题。

词义猜测题主要考查考生对文章中生词的猜测能力，需要考生对文本

信息进行理解、判断和分析，理解语篇的信息和意义，并根据上下文和构

词法对语篇中的生词进行猜测。词义猜测题主要包括：猜测生词或熟词生

义、猜测代词指代、猜测短语含义、猜测句子含义等类型。一套试题里通

常会设1题，其中选项有可能是英语，如连云港、泰州等中考题，也有可能

是汉语，有可能是单个的词，如扬州中考题，也可能是一个句子，如苏州

中考题。虽然猜测的内容不同，但无论如何设题，都需要考生理解语篇的

内容，根据上下文句意给出正确的猜测。

猜测生词或熟词生义

猜测生词或熟词生义要求考生具备一定的词汇积累，这样才能理解文

章内容并结合上下文内容进行猜测。常见的命题方式有：①The

word

“…”

in

the

last

paragraph

refers

to“

”.②What

is

the

meaning

of

the

underlined

word

in

the…

paragraph？③The

word“…”

most

nearly

means“

”.④What

does

the

underlined

word

“…”

in

the

last

paragraph

mean？常见的解题技巧如下：例1

[2023泰州，40]By

cooking，students

put

down

their

phones

and

work

together

with

family

members

in

the

kitchen.

By

cooking，students

form

the

habit

of

doing

labor

work.

As

a

part

of

labor

education，cooking

is

a

way

to

teach

kids

vital

21st

century

skills，such

as

creativity，teamwork

and

so

on.

If

these

skills

aren’t

taught

to

today’s

students，they

might

hardly

survive

in

the

future.

What

does

the

underlined

word

“vital”

in

the

last

paragraph

mean？

⁠A

A.Necessary.B.Difficult.