Unit6 When disaster strikes词汇句子专项训练（含答案解析）外研版八年级英语上册

外研版八年级英语上册Unit6Whendisasterstrikes词汇句子专项训练满分100分一、词汇辨析（从括号内选择正确单词并用其适当形式填空，共15分）The______(earth/earthquake)causedgreatdamagetothesmallvillagelastmonth.Weshouldlearnsome______(survive/survival)skillsincaseofemergencies.The______(rescue/rescuer)teamhasbeenworkingdayandnighttosavepeopletrappedintheruins.It'simportanttostay______(calm/calmly)whenfacinganaturaldisaster.The______(frighten/frightening)stormdestroyedhundredsofhousesinthearea.He______(escape/escaped)fromtheburningbuildingwiththehelpoffirefighters.Thegovernmentprovided______(assist/assistance)tothevictimsoftheflood.Therewasa______(suddenly/sudden)powercutduringtheheavyrain.The______(injure/injured)weresenttothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident.Weneedto______(prepare/preparation)forthecomingtyphooninadvance.The______(destroy/destruction)oftheancienttemplemadeeveryonesad.Shefelt______(help/helpless)whenshefoundherselfaloneinthedark.The______(warn/warning)signonthewallremindsustobecareful.They______(bury/buried)thedeadbodiesaftertheearthquaketopreventdisease.The______(danger/dangerous)situationrequiredustomakeaquickdecision.二、用括号里单词的正确形式完成句子（共20分）Whentheearthquake______(happen),Iwashavingaclassintheclassroom.Bythetimetherescueteamarrived,manypeople______(alreadyleave)theaffectedarea.Ifaflood______(come),weshouldmovetohighergroundassoonaspossible.He______(notsleep)fortwodayssincethedisasterstruck.Thevolunteers______(provide)foodandwaterforthehomelessnow.Itisreportedthatthenumberofdeaths______(rise)to50sofar.She______(walk)alongthestreetwhenastrongwindblewherhataway.We______(learn)aboutdisasterpreventionsincelastterm.Thebridge______(destroy)bythefloodlastweek.They______(build)temporarysheltersforthevictimsnextmonth.Remember______(turnoff)thegasbeforeleavingthehouseduringanearthquake.Thelittlegirl______(cry)becauseshecouldn'tfindherparentsafterthestorm.It'snecessaryforus______(know)howtogivefirstaid.Bynextyear,they______(complete)theconstructionofthenewfloodcontrolproject.WhenIgotthere,thefire______(putout)bythefirefighters.Headvisedus______(stay)awayfromthecoastalareasduringthehurricane.Thestudents______(teach)howtoprotectthemselvesinadisasteratthemoment.Ifwe______(take)thewarningseriously,wecouldhaveavoidedtheaccident.Thesurvivors______(tell)theirstoriestothereportersyesterday.I______(watch)TVwhenthenewsaboutthetsunamicameout.三、用括号里中文提示及句意完成句子（共25分）Weshould______(保持冷静)whenadisasterhappens.Thegovernmenthas______(建立)adisasterreliefcenterinthecity.It'simportantto______(听从)theinstructionsoftheauthoritiesduringadisaster.Manypeoplewere______(被困)intheliftwhenthepowerwentout.They______(分发)blanketstothevictimstokeepthemwarm.Weneedto______(为……做准备)naturaldisastersinourdailylife.Theearthquakecaused______(严重的损失)tothelocaleconomy.Aftertheflood,thesoldiershelpedto______(清理)themudfromthestreets.She______(幸存下来)theearthquakebyhidingunderastrongtable.TheRedCross______(提供)medicalcarefortheinjuredinthedisaster.Weshouldlearnhowto______(进行急救)incaseofanemergency.The______(余震)afterthemainearthquakearealsoverydangerous.They______(逃离)theirhomesbeforethevolcanoerupted.The______(救援队)workedhardtofindpeopletrappedundertheruins.Weneedto______(节约用水)becausethewatersupplywascutoff.The______(紧急情况)madeeveryoneactquickly.He______(受伤)intheaccidentandhadtostayinhospitalforamonth.Thevillagers______(重建)theirhomeswiththehelpofthegovernment.Weshould______(互相帮助)whenfacingadisaster.The______(天气预报)saystherewillbeaheavysnowstormtomorrow.They______(发出)awarningaboutthecomingtyphoonontheradio.The______(泥石流)blockedtheroadandstoppedallthetraffic.She______(害怕)whensheheardtheloudnoiseoftheexplosion.Weneedto______(储存)somefoodandwaterathomeincaseofemergencies.The______(地震仪)candetectearthquakesbeforetheyhappen.四、句型转换（共20分）Theearthquakehappenedat3:00yesterdayafternoon.（对划线部分提问）____________theearthquake______?Weshouldstayindoorsduringathunderstorm.（改为否定句）We____________indoorsduringathunderstorm.Therescueworkerssavedhundredsofpeopleintheflood.（改为被动语态）Hundredsofpeople____________bytherescueworkersintheflood."Iwillhelpthevictimsrebuildtheirhomes,"hesaid.（改为间接引语）Hesaidthat____________helpthevictimsrebuildtheirhomes.Itisnecessarytoprepareanemergencykit.（改为同义句）______anemergencykitis______.Theyhavebuilt100temporaryshelterssincelastmonth.（对划线部分提问）____________temporaryshelters______they______sincelastmonth?Ifyoudon'tleavenow,youwillmissthelastbus.（改为同义句）____________now,______youwillmissthelastbus.Thestormwassostrongthatituprootedmanybigtrees.（改为同义句）Itwas__________________thatituprootedmanybigtrees.Hehasbeenamemberoftherescueteamforthreeyears.（改为同义句）He______therescueteamthreeyears______.Theyaredonatingmoneytohelpthedisastervictims.（对划线部分提问）____________they______moneytohelp?五、汉译英（共20分）当地震发生时，我们应该躲在桌子底下。政府已经向受灾地区提供了大量的援助。了解一些防灾知识对每个人来说都很重要。洪水过后，许多人无家可归。救援人员花了三天时间才找到被困的小女孩。如果发生火灾，记得拨打119。地震导致许多建筑物倒塌。我们应该互相帮助，共渡难关。他在这次事故中伤了腿，不能走路。通过这次灾难，我们学会了更加珍惜生命。答案解析一、词汇辨析earthquake：earth意为“地球”，earthquake意为“地震”，此处指自然灾害，选earthquake。survival：survive是动词“幸存”，survival是名词“生存”，修饰名词skills用名词作定语，选survival。rescue：rescue可作定语修饰team，rescuer指“救援人员”，此处指“救援队”，选rescue。calm：stay是系动词，后接形容词作表语，calm是形容词“冷静的”，calmly是副词，选calm。frightening：frighten是动词“使害怕”，frightening是形容词“令人害怕的”，修饰storm用frightening。escaped：根据语境可知用一般过去时，escape是动词原形，escaped是过去式，选escaped。assistance：assist是动词“帮助”，assistance是名词“援助”，provided后接名词作宾语，选assistance。sudden：suddenly是副词“突然地”，sudden是形容词“突然的”，修饰名词powercut用形容词，选sudden。injured：injure是动词“伤害”，theinjured表示“受伤的人”，是固定用法，选injured。prepare：needto后接动词原形，prepare是动词“准备”，preparation是名词，选prepare。destruction：destroy是动词“破坏”，destruction是名词“破坏”，名词所有格后接名词，选destruction。helpless：help是动词“帮助”，helpless是形容词“无助的”，feel后接形容词作表语，选helpless。warning：warn是动词“警告”，warning是名词“警告”，修饰名词sign用动名词作定语，选warning。buried：根据语境可知用一般过去时，bury是动词原形，buried是过去式，选buried。dangerous：danger是名词“危险”，dangerous是形容词“危险的”，修饰名词situation用形容词，选dangerous。二、用括号里单词的正确形式完成句子happened：根据语境可知用一般过去时，happen的过去式是happened。hadalreadyleft：bythetime引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，leave的过去分词是es：if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”，主语aflood是第三人称单数，come用comes。hasn'tslept：since引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，否定形式是hasn'tslept。areproviding：now表明用现在进行时，主语volunteers是复数，be动词用are，provide的现在分词是providing。hasrisen：sofar表明用现在完成时，主语thenumber是第三人称单数，rise的过去分词是risen。waswalking：when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，主语she是第三人称单数，be动词用was，walk的现在分词是walking。havelearned：sincelastterm表明用现在完成时，主语we是复数，learn的过去分词是learned。wasdestroyed：lastweek表明用一般过去时，主语bridge与destroy是被动关系，用被动语态wasdestroyed。willbuild：nextmonth表明用一般将来时，will后接动词原形build。toturnoff：remembertodosth.表示“记得去做某事”，turnoff用不定式形式。cried：根据语境可知用一般过去时，cry的过去式是cried。toknow：it'snecessaryforsb.todosth.表示“对某人来说做某事是必要的”，know用不定式形式。willhavecompleted：bynextyear表明用将来完成时，willhave后接过去分词completed。hadbeenputout：when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，fire与putout是被动关系，用被动语态hadbeenputout。tostay：advisesb.todosth.表示“建议某人做某事”，stay用不定式形式。arebeingtaught：atthemoment表明用现在进行时，students与teach是被动关系，用被动语态arebeingtaught。hadtaken：此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用过去完成时hadtaken。told：yesterday表明用一般过去时，tell的过去式是told。waswatching：when引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，主语I是第一人称，be动词用was，watch的现在分词是watching。三、用括号里中文提示及句意完成句子keepcalmsetupfollowtrappedhandedoutprepareforseriousdamagecleanupsurvivedprovidesgivefirstaidaftershocksfledrescueteamsavewateremergencygotinjuredrebuilthelpeachotherweatherforecastissuedmudslidewasfrightenedstoreseismograph四、句型转换Whendid；happen：对时间提问用when，一般过去时的疑问句借助did，动词用原形happen。shouldn'tstay：should的否定形式是shouldn't，后接动词原形stay。weresaved：一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词，主语people是复数，用weresaved。hewould：直接引语变间接引语，第一人称I变为第三人称he，一般将来时变为过去将来时would。Preparing；necessary：动名词作主语，itisnecessarytodosth.可转换为doings