2025秋新译林版英语八年级上册Unit 4 Hands-on fun单词扩量讲义(2022新课标)

2025秋新译林版英语八上Unit4Hands-onfun单词扩量讲义2022新课标版英语教材，注重学生对英语全面的实际运用能力（五重一轻），和之前的英语学习有很大不同，而单词量的相应扩展、扩量和辨识是基础。1.craft/krɑːft/n.工艺-同根词:craftsman(n.工匠)-同义词:handicraft(n.手工艺品)-固定搭配:papercraft(纸艺)-例句:Sheenjoysmakingpapercraftsinartclass.她喜欢在美术课上做纸艺品。2.assemble/əˈsembl/v.组装-同根词:assembly(n.组装)-同义词:puttogether(拼装)-反义词:disassemble(v.拆卸)-例句:Ittookmeanhourtoassemblethemodelairplane.我花了一小时组装这个飞机模型。3.stitch/stɪtʃ/n.&v.针脚；缝-同义词:sew(v.缝纫)-固定搭配:crossstitch(十字绣)-例句:Mygrandmothertaughtmehowtostitchbuttons.奶奶教我缝纽扣。4.carve/kɑːv/v.雕刻-同根词:carving(n.雕刻品)-同义词:sculpt(v.雕塑)-例句:Hecarvedabeautifulfigurefromwood.他用木头雕了一个漂亮的人像。5.pottery/ˈpɒtəri/n.陶器-同根词:potter(n.陶艺家)-固定搭配:potteryclass(陶艺课)-例句:Wemadebowlsinpotteryclass.我们在陶艺课上做了碗。6.knit/nɪt/v.编织-同根词:knitting(n.编织物)-同义词:weave(v.编织)-例句:Mymomisknittingascarfforwinter.妈妈在织一条冬天用的围巾。7.puttogether组装；整理-同义词:assemble(v.组装)-反义词:takeapart(拆开)-例句:Ittookmetwohourstoputtogetherthisbookshelf.我花了两小时组装这个书架。8.takeapart拆卸-同义词:disassemble(v.拆卸)-反义词:puttogether(组装)-例句:Hetookaparttheoldradiotorepairit.他拆开旧收音机修理。9.screwon拧上-反义词:screwoff(拧下)-例句:Screwonthelidtightlytopreventleaks.拧紧盖子以防泄漏。10.hammerin敲入-同义词:drivein(钉入)-例句:Hammerinthenailstosecuretheboards.把钉子敲进去固定木板。11.gluedown粘牢-同义词:stickdown(粘住)-例句:Gluedowntheedgesofthepapertopreventcurling.把纸的边缘粘牢防止卷边。12.tieup捆绑-同义词:fasten(v.固定)-反义词:untie(v.解开)-例句:Tieupthebundleswithstrongrope.用结实的绳子捆好包裹。13.sanddown打磨光滑-同义词:smoothout(磨平)-例句:Sanddowntheroughedgesofthewood.把木材的毛边打磨光滑。14.paintover重新粉刷-同义词:repaint(v.重漆)-例句:Weneedtopaintovertheoldmarksonthewall.我们需要重新粉刷墙上的旧痕迹。15.cutout剪下-同义词:snipout(剪出)-例句:Cutouttheshapesfromthecoloredpaper.从彩纸上剪下这些形状。16.measureout量出-同义词:portionout(分配)-例句:Measureout100gramsofflourfortherecipe.量出100克面粉用于食谱。17.wraparound缠绕-同义词:windaround(盘绕)-例句:Wraparoundthewiretoformacoil.把金属丝绕成线圈。18.peeloff剥落-同义词:stripoff(剥去)-例句:Theoldstickerwon’tpeeloffcleanly.旧贴纸撕不干净。19.clamptogether夹在一起-例句:Clamptogetherthepieceswhilethegluedries.用夹子固定部件等胶水干透。20.bolton用螺栓固定-反义词:unbolt(v.卸下螺栓)-例句:Boltonthewheelssecurelybeforeriding.骑行前用螺栓固定好轮子。21.plugin插电-反义词:unplug(v.拔掉插头)-例句:Pluginthemachineandpressthestartbutton.插上电源，按下启动按钮。22.sketch/sketʃ/n.&v.素描；画草图-同义词:draft(n.草稿)-例句:Shesketchedthedesignbeforesewing.她缝纫前先画了设计草图。23.mold/məʊld/n.&v.模具；塑造-同义词:cast(n.铸模)-例句:Pourtheclayintothemold.把黏土倒进模具。24.sew/səʊ/v.缝纫-同根词:sewing(n.缝纫)-例句:I’mlearningtosewmyownclothes.我在学自己做衣服。25.knot/nɒt/n.&v.绳结；打结-例句:Tieaknottosecuretherope.打个结固定绳子。26.bead/biːd/n.珠子-固定搭配:beadnecklace(珠子项链)-例句:Shestrungbeadsintoabracelet.她把珠子串成手链。27.yarn/jɑːn/n.纱线-同义词:thread(n.线)-例句:Thissoftyarnisgoodforknitting.这种软纱线适合编织。28.crochet/ˈkrəʊʃeɪ/n.&v.钩针编织-例句:Myauntcrochetsblanketsasgifts.我阿姨钩织毯子当礼物。29.patch/pætʃ/n.&v.补丁；修补-固定搭配:patchup(修补)-例句:Shepatchedtheholeinthejeans.她补好了牛仔裤的破洞。30.quilt/kwɪlt/n.被子-同义词:blanket(n.毯子)-例句:Thishandmadequiltisverywarm.这条手工被子很暖和。31.weave/wiːv/v.编织-同根词:weaver(n.织布工)-同义词:braid(v.编辫子)-例句:Shelearnedtoweavebasketsfromgrass.她学习用草编篮子。32.dye/daɪ/v.&n.染色；染料-同义词:color(v.上色)-固定搭配:tie-dye(扎染)-例句:Weusednaturalplantstodyethefabric.我们用天然植物给布料染色。33.frame/freɪm/n.&v.框架；装框-同义词:structure(n.结构)-例句:Heframedhispaintingwithwood.他用木头给画作装框。34.fasten/ˈfɑːsən/v.固定；系紧-同义词:secure(v.固定)-反义词:loosen(v.松开)-固定搭配:fastentheseatbelt(系好安全带)-例句:Pleasefastentheseboardstogetherwithscrews.请用螺丝把这些木板固定在一起。35.adjust/əˈdʒʌst/v.调整；适应-同根词:adjustment(n.调整)-同义词:adapt(v.适应)-例句:Youneedtoadjustthemachinesettings.你需要调整机器设置。36.polish/ˈpɒlɪʃ/v.磨光；润色-同义词:shine(v.擦亮)-反义词:tarnish(v.使失去光泽)-固定搭配:polishshoes(擦鞋)-例句:Shepolishedthesilvervaseuntilitshone.她把银花瓶擦得闪闪发亮。37.attach/əˈtætʃ/v.贴上；附加-同义词:affix(v.粘上)-反义词:detach(v.拆下)-固定搭配:attachalabel(贴标签)-例句:Attachthephototoyourapplicationform.把照片贴在申请表上。38.bend/bend/v.弯曲-同义词:flex(v.弯曲)-反义词:straighten(v.弄直)-例句:Becarefulnottobendthemetalsheet.小心别把金属板弄弯了。39.measure/ˈmeʒə(r)/v.测量-同根词:measurement(n.测量)-同义词:gauge(v.测量)-固定搭配:measuretwice,cutonce(三思而后行)-例句:Measurethelengthofthetablefirst.先测量桌子的长度。40.rotate/rəʊˈteɪt/v.旋转-同根词:rotation(n.旋转)-同义词:spin(v.旋转)-例句:Rotatetheknobtoadjustthevolume.旋转旋钮调节音量。41.squeeze/skwiːz/v.挤压-同义词:press(v.按压)-反义词:release(v.松开)-例句:Squeezethetubegentlytogettheglueout.轻轻挤压管子挤出胶水。42.twist/twɪst/v.扭转-同义词:turn(v.转动)-反义词:untwist(v.解开)-例句:Twistthewiretosecureitinplace.扭转金属丝以固定它。43.wrap/ræp/v.包裹-同义词:envelop(v.包住)-反义词:unwrap(v.打开)-固定搭配:wrapagift(包装礼物)-例句:Wraptheclayinplastictokeepitmoist.用塑料包住黏土以保持湿润。44.dampen/ˈdæmpən/v.使潮湿-同义词:moisten(v.弄湿)-反义词:dry(v.使干燥)-例句:Dampentheclothbeforecleaning.清洁前把布弄湿。45.flatten/ˈflætn/v.压平-同义词:level(v.平整)-反义词:crumple(v.弄皱)-例句:Flattenthedoughwitharollingpin.用擀面杖把面团擀平。46.overlap/ˌəʊvəˈlæp/v.重叠-例句:Thetilesshouldoverlapslightly.瓷砖应该稍微重叠。47.peel/piːl/v.剥皮-同义词:strip(v.剥去)-固定搭配:peeloff(剥落)-例句:Peelthestickersoffcarefully.小心地撕下贴纸。48.scrape/skreɪp/v.刮-同义词:scratch(v.刮擦)-固定搭配:scrapeoff(刮掉)-例句:Scrapetheoldpaintoffthewall.把墙上的旧漆刮掉。49.soak/səʊk/v.浸泡-同义词:immerse(v.浸入)-反义词:drain(v.排干)-例句:Soakthebeansinwaterovernight.把豆子在水里泡一夜。50.stretch/stretʃ/v.拉伸-同义词:extend(v.延伸)-反义词:shrink(v.收缩)-例句:Stretchthefabricbeforesewing.缝纫前先拉伸布料。51.sturdy/ˈstɜːdi/adj.结实的-同义词:robust(adj.强健的)-反义词:fragile(adj.易碎的)-例句:Thissturdytablecanholdheavyitems.这张结实的桌子可以放重物。52.flexible/ˈfleksəbl/adj.灵活的-同义词:pliable(adj.柔韧的)-反义词:rigid(adj.僵硬的)-例句:Rubberisaflexiblematerial.橡胶是一种柔韧的材料。53.glossy/ˈɡlɒsi/adj.光滑的-同义词:shiny(adj.闪亮的)-反义词:matte(adj.哑光的)-例句:Themagazinehasaglossycover.这本杂志有光滑的封面。54.porous/ˈpɔːrəs/adj.多孔的-同义词:permeable(adj.可渗透的)-反义词:impermeable(adj.不可渗透的)-例句:Spongeisaporousmaterial.海绵是多孔材料。55.transparent/trænsˈpærənt/adj.透明的-同义词:clear(adj.清澈的)-反义词:opaque(adj.不透明的)-例句:Glassistransparentbutfragile.玻璃透明但易碎。56.adhesive/ədˈhiːsɪv/adj.粘性的-同义词:sticky(adj.粘的)-反义词:nonstick(adj.不粘的)-例句:Useadhesivetapetosealthebox.用胶带封箱子。57.blunt/blʌnt/adj.钝的-同义词:dull(adj.钝的)-反义词:sharp(adj.锋利的)-例句:Thebluntknifewon’tcutproperly.这把钝刀切不动东西。58.coarse/kɔːs/adj.粗糙的-同义词:rough(adj.粗糙的)-反义词:fine(adj.精细的)-例句:Sandpaperhasacoarsesurface.砂纸表面粗糙。59.durable/ˈdjʊərəbl/adj.耐用的-同义词:long-lasting(adj.持久的)-反义词:flimsy(adj.不结实的)-例句:Thisdurablebackpacklastsforyears.这个耐用的背包能用好几年。60.elastic/ɪˈlæstɪk/adj.有弹性的-同义词:stretchy(adj.有弹力的)-反义词:inelastic(adj.无弹性的)-例句:Rubberbandsareelastic.橡皮筋有弹性。61.fragile/ˈfrædʒaɪl/adj.易碎的-同义词:delicate(adj.易损的)-反义词:sturdy(adj.结实的)-例句:Handlethefragileglasswarecarefully.小心轻放易碎的玻璃器皿。62.hollow/ˈhɒləʊ/adj.空心的-同义词:empty(adj.空的)-反义词:solid(adj.实心的)-例句:Thehollowtubeislightweight.空心管重量轻。63.insulated/ˈɪnsjuleɪtɪd/adj.绝缘的-同根词:insulation(n.绝缘)-例句:Insulatedwirespreventelectricshocks.绝缘电线防止触电。64.malleable/ˈmæliəbl/adj.可锻造的-同义词:pliable(adj.可塑的)-反义词:brittle(adj.脆的)-例句:Goldisamalleablemetal.黄金是可锻造的金属。65.resilient/rɪˈzɪliənt/adj.有弹性的-同义词:flexible(adj.灵活的)-反义词:rigid(adj.僵硬的)-例句:Rubberisaresilientmaterial.橡胶是有弹性的材料。66.textured/ˈtekstʃəd/adj.有纹理的-同根词:texture(n.质地)-例句:Thetexturedsurfaceprovidesbettergrip.有纹理的表面防滑性更好。67.waterproof/ˈwɔːtəpruːf/adj.防水的-同义词:water-resistant(adj.防水的)-反义词:absorbent(adj.吸水的)-例句:Wearwaterproofbootsintherain.下雨天穿防水靴。68.airtight/ˈeətaɪt/adj.密封的-同义词:sealed(adj.密封的)-反义词:leaky(adj.漏的)-例句:Storefoodinairtightcontainers.把食物存放在密封容器里。69.heat-resistant/ˈhiːtrɪˌzɪstənt/adj.耐热的-同义词:fireproof(adj.防火的)-反义词:flammable(adj.易燃的)-例句:Useheat-resistantglovesforbaking.烘焙时用耐热手套。70.lightweight/ˈlaɪtweɪt/adj.轻量的-同义词:light(adj.轻的)-反义词:heavy(adj.重的)-例句:Aluminumisalightweightmetal.铝是轻量金属。71.non-toxic/ˌnɒnˈtɒksɪk/adj.无毒的-同义词:harmless(adj.无害的)-反义词:poisonous(adj.有毒的)-例句:Thesepaintsarenon-toxicforkids.这些颜料对孩子无毒。72.rustproof/ˈrʌstpruːf/adj.防锈的-同义词:corrosion-resistant(adj.抗腐蚀的)-例句:Rustproofnailslastlongeroutdoors.防锈钉在户外更耐用。73.shockproof/ˈʃɒkpruːf/adj.防震的-同义词:durable(adj.耐用的)-例句:Thisshockproofcaseprotectsyourphone.这个防震壳保护手机。74.soundproof/ˈsaʊndpruːf/adj.隔音的-同义词:noise-canceling(adj.消音的)-例句:Thestudiohassoundproofwalls.录音室有隔音墙。75.unbreakable/ʌnˈbreɪkəbl/adj.不易碎的-同义词:shatterproof(adj.防碎的)-反义词:fragile(adj.易碎的)-例句:Thisunbreakablecupissafeforkids.这个不易碎的杯子适合孩子用。76.washable/ˈwɒʃəbl/adj.可水洗的-同义词:machine-washable(adj.可机洗的)-反义词:dry-cleanonly(adj.只能干洗的)-例句:Thewashablemarkersareeasytoclean.可水洗马克笔容易清洗。77.absorbent/əbˈzɔːbənt/adj.吸水的-同义词:porous(adj.多孔的)-反义词:waterproof(adj.防水的)-例句:Cottonishighlyabsorbent.棉布吸水性很强。78.biodegradable/ˌbaɪəʊdɪˈɡreɪdəbl/adj.可生物降解的-同义词:compostable(adj.可堆肥的)-反义词:non-biodegradable(adj.不可降解的)-例句:Usebiodegradablebagstoreducewaste.使用可降解袋减少垃圾。79.fire-retardant/ˈfaɪərɪˌtɑːdənt/adj.阻燃的