CWPC2025第十一届中国国际风电复合材料创新发展论坛暨展览会：碳纤维叶片防雷系统的研究和设计

PolytechA/SElectricalandMechanical,AdvancedEngineeringandSimulation高级工程与仿真团队负责人Tongxiang,CN-2025-03-2023Duetostructuresimmersedintolowcloudsandencounteringintra-cloudtravellingflashes.由于风机浸入低云层并遭遇云内传播的闪电。Lowmagnitudedownwardleadersthatneedtogetveryclosetothestructurestoproducethenecessaryfieldintensificationtotriggeraconnectingleader.低强度的下行先导需要非常接近这些风机，才能产生足够的Bythetimetheyarecloseenough,theymayhavesurpassedthetipandbeclosetoinboardregionsofthestructure.当它们足够接近时，可能已经越过了444Duetostructuresimmersedintolowcloudsandencounteringintra-cloudtravellingflashes.由于风机浸入低云层并遭遇云内传播的闪电。Lowmagnitudedownwardleadersthatneedtogetveryclosetothestructurestoproducethenecessaryfieldintensificationtotriggeraconnectingleader.低强度的下行先导需要非常接近这些风机，才能产生足够的Bythetimetheyarecloseenough,theymayhavesurpassedthetipandbeclosetoinboardregionsofthestructure.当它们足够接近时，可能已经越过了55566drop一flashingfromBladescontainingCFRPstructuralelementscanbeparticularlysensitivetolightning.含有碳纤维结构的叶片对Directstrikesmaybecategorizeddifferentlydependingonwhethertheyareonlyinspectedfromoutsideorinsidetheblade:直击雷可能按检查方式的外部或内部来进行分类：Adamagethatdoesnotlooktooseriousfromoutsidecandevelopintoacatastrophicfailureduetofatigue.但即使从外部看似乎不太严重的损伤，也可能会因疲劳而发展成灾难性故障。CFRPmustbeprotectedagainstdirectstrikes,andcoordinatedwiththeLPStopreventinternalflashoversandstructuraldamage.碳板必须受到保护，以抵御直接雷击，并LightningprotectionCoordination防雷协调Largestdifferentialvoltage-18MV最大电压差——18MVInternaldownconductorHighriskofflashover高风险飞弧Largestdifferentialvoltage-250kV最大电压差——250kVExternaldownconductor外部引下线Lowriskofflashover低风险飞弧7——88SparcapsmayconsistofmanyindividualCFRPprofiles主梁可能由许多单独的碳纤维型材组成DependingontheLPSconfiguration(internalorexternal)weneedtocoordinateby根据防雷的配置（内部或外部）我们通过以下方式协调Contacttoallprofiles连接所有型材Contacttoafewprofiles连接部分型材Utilizethemutualcoupling利用互耦Interprofilebondingusinginterstitiallayers利用间隙层进行型材粘接Pultrudedsparcapsseenfromtheend从根部看拉挤主梁Pultrudedsparcapseenfromtheside从侧面看拉挤主梁Interstitiallayerbonding间隙层粘结99Lightningattachmentinthecarbonregion雷击碳板TotheEAF-thedamagecanberepaired雷击铝网——损坏可以修复TotheCFRPdirectly-bladeshelldamage+CFRPstructuredamage直接雷击碳板——叶片外壳损坏+碳板结构损坏CurrentconductionMostofthecurrentintheEAF-verylimitedcurrentintheCFRP-easytocontrol大部分电流都集中在铝网中——而碳板中的电流非常有限——更容易控制PeakofthecurrentintheCFRP,withalargeamountofenergy-hardtocontrol碳板中的峰值电流——伴随着大量能量——难以控制VoltagecontrolEquipotentialbondsrequired-usuallytipandroot需要等电位连接——通常是在叶尖和叶根Equipotentialbondsrequiredatmultiplelocations-easilyupto5ormore需要在多个位置进行等电位连接——通常多达5个或更多TipimplantwithfirstsidereceptorSecondsidereceptorInlinetypeThirdsidereceptorBranchtype带首个侧接闪器的叶尖植入体第二个一体式侧接闪器第三个分体式侧接闪器Mostofthelightningstrikeswillstilloccuratthebladetip大多数雷击仍将发生在叶尖Havingtherightlightninginterceptionsysteminplaceiscrucialtoavoiddamageduetounintendedattachmenttointernalcomponen