《新医学大学英语视听说教程1》参考答案-U5

U5

Diseaseprevention

Openingup

MatchthetermsA-Htopictures1-8.Haveyoueverheardanyoftheseterms?

（Answers:①B；②D；③C；④A；）

（Answers:⑤H；⑥G；⑦E；⑧F）

Viewingandspeaking

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Scripts：

Foodallergiesareaseriousmedicalconditionthathasasignificantimpactintheschoolstudy.Foodallergiesaffectapproximately15millionAmericansincludingnearly6millionchildren.Thesenumberscontinuetoincreaseasagrowingpublichealthconcern.

Boy1:Nearlyoneinthirteenchildrenhaveafoodallergy.

Girl1:Thisaveragestotwochildrenperclassroom.

Girl2:Afoodallergyisanimmunesystemresponsetoafoodthatthebodymistakesasbeingharmful.

Whenapersonwithafoodallergyeatsthefood,hisorherimmunesystemreleasesmassiveamountsofchemicalsincludinghistamine,thetriggeracascadeofsymptomsthatcanaffecttherespiratorysystem,thegastrointestinaltrack,theskin,and/orthecardiovascularsystem.

Girl3:Peoplecanbeallergictoalltypesoffoods,however,themostcommonfoodsarepeanuts,treenuts,milk,egg,wheat,soy,fishandshellfish.

Boy1:Canyouimaginenotbeingabletoeatpizzaoricecreamandcookiesandcandy?

Girl1:Didyouknowthereiscurrentlynocureforfoodallergies?

Foodallergydesensitizationisbeingstudied;however,thesearenotyetproventreatments.Sotheonlywaytopreventallergicreactionisstrictavoidanceofknownallergictriggers.

Boy2:Thisincludesreadingfoodlabelscarefullytomakesuretherearenohiddenallergens.

Girl2:Evenconsumingtraceamountsoftheallergencancauseaseriousreaction.

Girl1:Iknowsomeonewhogetsastomachacheaftereatingtoomuchdairy.

Boy1:Thatisactuallyafoodintoleranceandnotafoodallergy.

Thereisadifferencebetweenfoodallergiesandfoodintolerances.Foodintolerancesdonotinvolvetheimmunesystem.Itinvolvesthedigestivesystembecausethebodylacksinenzymeneededtodigestinprocessofparticularfood.

Aseverefoodallergyreactioniscalledanaphylaxis,thesymptomscanbeverymild,andcanbearashorsomethinglikeamildabdominalache.Um,alsosometimescanbecomesevereandcanoccurveryquickly.Sosignsofamoreseverereactionwouldbesomethinglikecoughing,breathingdifficulty,difficultyswallowing,lossofconsciousness,vomitingordiarrhea.

Boy2:Promptadministrationofepinephrineiscrucialtosurvivingapotentiallylifethreateningreaction.

Friendscanbeabighelp!Byunderstandingthehiddendangersandfood,andlearninghowtokeepfriendswithfoodallergiessafeatschool.

Girl3:Knowthatfoodallergiesareveryserious.

Girl1:Don'tsharefoodswithfriends.

Boy1:Washyourhandsbeforeandaftereating.

Boy2:Limitoutsidefoodbroughtintoschool.

Girl3:Ifafriendwithfoodallergiesfeelssick,gethelprightaway.

Girl2:Andalwaysshowkindness.

Boy1&Girl1:Showkindness.

Showkindness.

Girl3:Andalwaysshowkindness.)

Howcanfoodallergiesimpactaperson’sdailylife?Watchthevideoandcompletethetablebelow.

Answers:1.digestive2.severe3.administration4.share5.Limit6.kindness

2.Watchthevideoagainandfillintheblanks.

Answers:1.15million2.6million3.immunesystem4.releases5.chemicals6.soy7.shellfish8.proven

IIIListeningandspeaking

News

Wildfiresmokemaybeworseforbrainhealththanothertypesofairpollution,accordingtonewresearchlinkingittoanincreasedriskofdementia.

ThefindingswerereportedMondayattheAlzheimer’sAssociationInternationalConferenceinPhiladelphia.

FineparticulatematterorPM2.5–tinyparticlesabout30timessmallerthanthediameterofahumanhaircanbeinhaleddeepintothelungsandmovetothebloodstream.

Researcherstrackedhealthrecordsfrom1.2millionolderadultsinSouthernCalifornia.TheyusedairqualitymonitoringandotherdatatoestimateresidentialexposuretoPM2.5overthreeyearsfromwildfiresmokeorothercauses.

Thestudyfoundtheoddsofanewdementiadiagnosisincreasedabout21%forevery1microgramincreaseintheconcentrationofwildfireparticles.Thatcomparedwitha3%increasedriskforevery3microgramjumpinnon-wildfireparticles,concludedresearchersfromtheuniversitiesofWashingtonandPennsylvania.Thisfindingalsopavesthewayforinnovativestrategiesindementiaprevention.

Answers:1.brainhealth2.inhaled3.bloodstream4.21%/21percent5.particles

Conversation

A:

Oh,youhavearunnynose.

B:

Well,myparentsarecleaningourhouse.IhavetoleavebecauseI’mallergictodust.

A:

Allergictodust?Thatmustbeveryuncomfortable.Weallknowdustiseverywhere.So,isthereanythingyoucandotopreventdustallergies?

B:

Yes,accordingtomydoctor,Ineedtogetanairpurifiertoremovefloatingdustanddustmites.Ialsoneedtoreducethehumidityinmyhouse.

A:

Why?Ithoughthumidityhadnothingtodowithdustallergies.

B:

Ithoughtsotoo,butmydoctortoldmethatdustmitesfinditdifficulttosurviveifthehumiditydropsbelow50%.

A:

Sinceyoumentioneddustmites,Iheardthatbeddingistheirfavorite.

B:

Yes,accordingtothedata,dustmiteslivinginbeddingaffect73%ofpatients.Inthatcase,Iboughtadinkylittlecleaningmachineandavacuumcleanertocleanmycarpets,curtains,andmattressesfrequently.Oh,Ialsohavetowashmybeddingwithhotwatereveryweektokillthem.

A:

Isee,tokeepeverythingtidyandcleanandgetridofthelittlebugs,right?Whataboutoutdoors?Iguessthere’sevenmoredustoutsideyourhouse.

B:

Outsidethehouse?Ineedtoavoidconstructionsitesandsimilarplaces.Toputitsimply,Ineedtoavoiddustyareasandwearamask.

A:

Oh,it’shardifyouhavearunnynose,butI’lldothat.

Whichofthefollowingactionscanlowertherisksofdustallergy?

Answers:ACDEF

Decidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrue(T)orfalse(F).

Answers:1.T2.F3.F4.F5.T

Passage

Passage1

TherecentannouncementbyChina'sNationalHealthCommission(NHC)thatitwouldintensifyathree-year"weightmanagement"campaignhassparkednationwideenthusiasm,reflectingapositiveinstitutionalresponsetotheescalatingglobalpublichealthcrisisposedbyobesityandchronicdiseases.

Thecampaign,spearheadedbytheNHC,aimstopopularizehealthylifestylesandenhancethepreventionandtreatmentofchronicdiseases,amovethathasresonateddeeplywiththepublic.

Overthepastyears,Chinahaswitnessedanupwardtrendinthemorbidityrateofitsoverweightandobesepopulation,accordingtotheNHC.Asanindependentdiseaseandmajorcausativefactorformultiplechronicdiseases,obesityhasbecomeamajorpublichealthissue,rankingasthesixthleadingriskfactorfordeathanddisabilityinthecountry.

Ascitizensfloodsocialmediawithhealthyrecipesandfitnessroutines,thisstate-ledinitiativetranscendsmerepolicynarrative,embodyingauniquelyChineseapproachtotacklingcomplexhealthchallengesthroughsystemiccoordinationandgrassrootsengagement.

Thecampaign'sinnovativepromotionalstrategieshaveplayedacrucialroleinitssuccess.Oneofthekeystrengthsofthiscampaignisitspeople-centeredapproach.Itemphasizesindividualresponsibilityandself-management.Thecampaign'scomprehensivenatureisanotherstandoutfeature.Mediahasreportedthatitinvolvesacollaborativeeffortby16departments,coveringallpopulationgroupsandlifestages.

1.Fillintheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhear.

Answers:1)weightmanagement2)popularize3)witnessed4)overweight5)obese6)effort7)population8)lifestages

2.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.

Questions:

1.Whatisthemainideaofthisannouncement?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingdiseaseshasbecomeamajorpublichealthissueinChina?

3.Whatisthefeatureofthiscampaign?

Answers:1.B2.A3.D

Passage2

Inaworldincreasinglyturningtoholisticapproachesforhealthandwellness,traditionalChinesemedicine,knownasTCM,standsoutasoneoftheoldestandmostenduringmedicalsystems.TCMpractitionersfocusonmaintainingthebody'sbalanceandharmonytopreventdiseaseswithpracticeslikeacupuncture,cupping,moxibustion,therapeuticmassage,herbalmedicine,andexercisesliketaichiorqigongtostrengthenthebody'sresilience.

ArecentnewsreporthighlightshowTCM'sholisticmethodsarebeingincreasinglyintegratedintomodernhealthcarepractices.ThereportnotesthatTCM'spreventivestrategiesarenotonlyabouttreatingsymptomsbutalsoaboutidentifyingandaddressingtherootcausesofdisharmony.Bydoingso,TCMcanhelpindividualsavoidtheonsetofillnessesandmaintainoptimalhealth.

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