2024-2025学年福建省泉州市四校联考高二下学期4月期中英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省泉州市四校联考2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题第一部分：听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADeterminingthe“windiestplaceonEarth”dependsonhowyouquantifywindspeed.Now,let’sfindoutwheretheworld’swindiestplacesareandwhatmakesthemsobreezy.WindiestCityonEarth:Wellington,NewZealandWellingtonisoftencalledtheworld’swindiestcityduetoitsaveragewindspeedofaround16.5mph,withitshighestrecordedwindspeedof150.7mphin1962.Thewindsinthisregionarecalledthe“RoaringForties”becausethecityislocated40to50degreessouthoftheequator.There’sevenastatue,“SolaceintheWind,”onthewaterfront—ahumanfigureleaningintothebreeze.FastestRecordedWindSpeed:BarrowIsland,AustraliaBarrowIslandcurrentlyholdstheGuinnessWorldRecordforthehighestrecordedwindspeedat254mphin1996.BarrowIslandisamajorcenterforoilandnaturalgasoperations,andhometoaconservationreservewhereseaturtles,andotherrareandprotectedspecieslive.FastestKatabaticWind:AntarcticaInanycase,AntareticaholdstheGuinnessWorldRecordforthefastestkatabaticwind(windthattravelsdownaslope),whichwas168mph,recordedin1912.Theregion’sannualaveragedailymaximumwindspeedis44mph.ColdtemperaturesandAntaretica’slandscape,whichslopestowardthecoastlines,affectweatherpatterns.WindiestU.S.Peak:MountWashington,NewHampshireMountWashingtonwithanaverageannualwindspeedof35mphandaveragefastestmonthlypeakwindsof231mphremainsthewindiestplaceintheU.S.TheWhiteMountains,ofwhichWashingtonisamemberareabarrierforeasterlywindsandoftenseeanencounterbetweenlowpressurefromtheAtlanticandinlandhighpressure,creatinghurricane-forcewindsonMountWashington’ssummitmorethan100daysannually.1.Whatdoesthe“RoaringForties”referto?A.Awindycity. B.Afamousstatue.C.Aspecialregion. D.Akindofwind.2.WhatcontributestoAntarctica’skatabaticwindformation?A.Itsgeographicfeatures. B.Itschangingtemperatures.C.Thefrequentnaturaldisaster. D.Thelarge-scaleoilexploration.3.Whichofthefollowingholdsthehighestrecordedwindspeed?A.Antarctica. B.Wellington.C.BarrowIsland. D.MountWashington.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几处世界上风最大的地方，并说明了造成这种现象的原因。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Thewindsinthisregionarecalledthe“RoaringForties”becausethecityislocated40to50degreessouthoftheequator.(这个地区的风被称为“咆哮西风带”，因为这座城市位于赤道以南40到50度。)”可知，RoaringForties指的是一种风。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“ColdtemperaturesandAntaretica’slandscape,whichslopestowardthecoastlines,affectweatherpatterns.(寒冷的气温和南极洲向海岸线倾斜的地貌影响着气候模式。)”可知，当地的地理特色导致了南极洲的斜降风形成。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“BarrowIslandcurrentlyholdstheGuinnessWorldRecordforthehighestrecordedwindspeedat254mphin1996.(巴罗岛目前以1996年254英里/小时的最高风速保持着吉尼斯世界纪录。)”可知，巴罗岛拥有最高风速记录。故选C。BKnownbytheNazisasthe“WhiteMouse”,NancyWakeisAustralia’smostcelebratedWorldWarIIresistancefighter.Hearingthenamethe“WhiteMouse”,mostpeoplewouldimaginethatNancywasmild,andshy,butnothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.NancyWakewasabraveandfearlesswomanwhotookpartindangeroustaskstosavethelivesofAlliedservicemenandwarrefugees.AsajournalistlivinginFrance,NancywitnessedfirsthandthecrueltyoftheNazisandmadeuphermindtofightitanywayshecould.Whenthewarstarted,Nancyhelpedhundredsofpeopleescapetoneutral(

中立的)Spain.PlacedontopoftheGestapo’smost-wantedlist,Nancywasreferredtoasthe

“WhiteMouse”

becauseofthewaysheslipped(溜走)throughtheirfingersandavoideddetection.NancywassenttoEnglandin1943tojointheBritishSpecialOperationsExecutive(SOE).Shewastrainedinparachutingandsurveillance(监视),throwingherselfintotheseactivitieswithstrengthanddetermination.ShewaslaterparachutedintoFrance,whereshehelpedorganiseandleadresistancefighters.Ononememorableoccasionshewalkedandcycled500kmthroughseveralGermancheckpointstofindaradiooperator.Shebelievedthatbeingfemaleallowedhertopassthroughcheckpointsthatnooneelsecouldgetthrough.

NancyreceivedmedalsfromAlliedcountries.ThemedalsaredisplayedintheWorldWarIIgalleryattheAustralianWarMemorial,andformafittingtributetothisfearlesswoman,whopassedawayin2011.PerhapsthebestwordstounderlineNancyWake’sspiritcamefromherownlips:“Ihatewarsandviolence.Butiftheycome,Idon’tseewhywewomenshouldjustwaveourmenaproudgoodbyeandthenmakethemshoes,socksandgloves.”4.WhatmightmostpeoplethinkofNancyWakeonhearinghernickname?A.Shewasaprotectivewoman.B.Shewasgentleandeasilyharmed.C.Shewouldliketotellthetruthallthetime.D.Shewasnotafraidofbeinginvolvedinawar.5.WhatdidNancyWakedoatthestartofthewar?A.ShegotafullcopyoftheGestapo’smost-wantedlist.B.Shehelpedpeoplegetawayfromwarareas.C.Sheorganisedandledresistancefighters.D.SheleftFranceforSpainforgood.6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutNancyWakeasafemalesoldier?A.Shefellvictimtocrueltyeasily.B.Shediedinaparachuteaccident.C.Shebecameasuccessfulradiooperator.D.ShegotpastGermancheckpointssuccessfully.7.WhichofthefollowingisprobablyNancyWake’sbelief?A.Womencanfightonthefrontline.B.Womencanmakeagreatdifferenceathome.C.Womenshouldbetrainedtosupportthefamily.D.Womenshouldn’tputthemselvesinhigh-risksituations.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。本文介绍出生在新西兰的女特工“白鼠”南希·韦克二战期间战功赫赫的传奇经历。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hearingthenamethe“WhiteMouse”,mostpeoplewouldimaginethatNancywasmild,andshy,butnothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.(听到“白鼠”这个名字，大多数人会认为南希温和、害羞，但事实远非如此)”可知，听到“白鼠”这个名字大家会觉得Nancy温顺、害羞，即认为她很温柔，很容易受到伤害。故选B项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whenthewarstarted,Nancyhelpedhundredsofpeopleescapetoneutral(中立的)Spain.(战争开始时，南希帮助数百人逃往中立的西班牙)”可知，战争开始时Nancy帮助人们逃离战区。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ononememorableoccasionshewalkedandcycled500kmthroughseveralGermancheckpointstofindaradiooperator.Shebelievedthatbeingfemaleallowedhertopassthroughcheckpointsthatnooneelsecouldgetthrough.(在一个难忘的时刻，她步行和骑行500公里，穿过几个德国检查站，找到了一名无线电操作员。她认为，作为女性，她可以通过其他人无法通过的检查站)”可知，Nancy曾骑行500公里穿越多个德国检查站，并认为女性身份帮助她成功通过，D选项“她成功地通过了德国多个检查站”直接对应这一事实。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Butiftheycome,Idon’tseewhywewomenshouldjustwaveourmenaproudgoodbyeandthenmakethemshoes,socksandgloves.(但如果它们来了，我不明白为什么我们女人应该骄傲地向男人挥手告别，然后给他们做鞋子、袜子和手套)”可知，Nancy反对女性仅承担后勤角色，主张战争发生时女性也可以上前线，A选项“女性可以上前线”准确体现了她的信念。故选A项。CDieselexhaust(柴油废气)emissionsareoftenportrayedasakeycontributortourbanairpollution.However,recentresearchshowsthatdustfrombrakepads(刹车片)couldbemoreharmfultoourlungs.Dustproducedfromthewearofroads,tires,andbrakes,knownas“non-exhaustemissions”,hassurpassedexhaustemissionsacrossmanyEuropeancountries.Ofthese,brakedustisoftenthemaincontributortothesenon-exhaustemissions,butitisnotyetsubjecttolaws.Thereismuchlessknownaboutthepotentialhealtheffectsofbrakedustcomparedtodieselexhaustdust.Toinvestigatetheimpactofbrakedustonlunghealth,researchersconductedlaboratoryexperiments,revealingthatbrakedustwassignificantlymoreharmfultolungcellsacrossvariousmeasuresoflungdiseases.Interestingly,theyfoundthatremovingcopper(黄铜)frombrakedustreducedtheseharmfuleffects.Reformingbrakepadsmightbeonewaytoreducethehealthburdencausedbytheseemissions.Historicalbrakepadscontainedasbestos(石棉)fibersforheatresistance,butthismaterialwasbannedduetoitsassociationwithlungdiseases.Consequently,non-asbestosorganic(NAO)padshavebeendeveloped;ironically,theyproducemorepoisonousdustthanotherpadtypes.Throughtheexperiments,researchersidentifiedhighcoppercontentasthedefiningcharacteristicofbrakedustfromNAOpads.Whiletheswitchtoelectricvehicles(EVs)willgetridofexhaustemissions,itwon’tremoveroad,tire,andbrakedust.StudiesindicatethatEVsmaygeneratemorenon-exhaustdustthandieselvehiclesduetotheirheavierweight.Thishighlightstheneedforreformulatingbrakepadsandconsideringnon-exhaustemissionsinfuturelawstoeffectivelyaddressurbanairpollution.TheupcomingEuro7emissionsstandards,effectiveinNovember2026,willlimitbrakedustemissionsandmayencourageinnovationinbrakematerials.It’scrucialtorecognizethatnoairpollutanthasasafeexposurelevel.AswemaketheshifttoEVs,lawsmustapproachtheseemissionsasseriouslyasthosefromtheexhaustpipe.8.Whatcanbelearnedaboutnon-exhaustemissions?A.Theirmakeupismainlyfrombrakedust.B.Theyarethemaincauseofairpollution.C.Theirnegativeeffectshaveyettoberevealed.D.Theyareasharmfulasdieselexhaustemissions.9.WhatcausestheharmassociatedwithNAOpads?A.Asbestosfibers. B.Highcoppercontent.C.Poisonousdusk. D.Out-datedpadtypes.10.Whatmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Breakthroughshavebeenmadeinmaterialinnovation.B.Emissionstandardsproveeffectiveincleaningair.C.Lawsarecrucialincontrollingairpollution.D.EVswillnevertaketheplaceofpetrolcars.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.UnmasktheHiddenDangersofBrakeDustB.Dieselvs.Dust:TheBattleforCleanAirC.EVs:AMagicCure-allforAirPollutionD.IdentitytheSilentKillersinOurlife【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述一项研究表明，汽车刹车粉尘可能比柴油废气更有害。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dustproducedfromthewearofroads,tires,andbrakes,knownas‘non-exhaustemissions’,hassurpassedexhaustemissionsacrossmanyEuropeancountries.Ofthese,brakedustisoftenthemaincontributortothesenon-exhaustemissions(道路、轮胎和刹车磨损产生的粉尘被称为‘非废气排放’，在许多欧洲国家已经超过了废气排放。其中，刹车粉尘往往是这些非废气排放的主要贡献者)”可知，刹车灰尘是“非废气排放”的主要构成，故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Throughtheexperiments,researchersidentifiedhighcoppercontentasthedefiningcharacteristicofbrakedustfromNAOpads.(通过实验，研究人员确定了高铜含量是NAO垫片制动粉尘的决定性特征)”可知，高铜含量导致NAO垫片产生更多有毒灰尘，故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“AswemaketheshifttoEVs,lawsmustapproachtheseemissionsasseriouslyasthosefromtheexhaustpipe.(随着我们转向电动汽车，法律必须像对待尾气排放一样严肃对待这些排放)”可知，作者认为法律对控制空气污染至关重要，故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“However,recentresearchshowsthatdustfrombrakepads(刹车片)couldbemoreharmfultoourlungs.(然而，最近的研究表明，刹车片上的灰尘可能对我们的肺更有害)”可知，文章主要讲述一项研究表明，汽车刹车粉尘可能比柴油废气更有害，A项“揭开刹车灰尘的隐患”为最佳标题，故选A。DAnancientLatinproverbsays“Aquilanoncapitmuscas”—caglesdon’thuntflies—meaningthatimportantonesshouldn’tconcernthemselveswithsmall,insignificantmatters.ButthelionsinEastAfricashouldconcernthemselveswiththeseeminglyinsignificantants,becausetheseantsarechangingtheirlifestyles.Thestorystartswiththeacaciatrees(金合欢树)inanAfricanwildlifeareaincentralKenyaSomeoftheseacaciatreesprovidefoodandshelterforspecificantspecies,whichinturndefendthetreeagainstherbivores(食草动物).Theantsareactivelyattackinganddrivingawayherbivoresthatattempttofeedonthetree’sleavesThisishighlyeffective;theantsnotonlyphysicallyharmtheherbivoresbutalsoreleasechemicalsthatcandeterotherpotentialattackers.Buttheseantsareintrouble.Anotherspeciescalledthe“big-headed”antisdestroyingentiregroupsoftree-protectingants.This,inturn,setsoffanentirechainofeventsthatendsupinfluencingwhenandhowlionscanhunt.Thisantinvasion(入侵)affectsonethingaftertheother.Itleavestheacaciatreesdefenselessagainstherbivoresespeciallyelephants.Theelephantscomeinandeattheacaciasatfivetoseventimestherateobservedinuninvadedareas.Thelions,whilehuntingforfood,havenomoretreestouseforhiding.Thisreducedtreecovermakeslionslesssuccessfulathuntingandpushesthemtofinddifferentareastohuntin．“ThesetinyinvadersarepullingonthetiesthatputanAfricanecosystemtogether,determiningwhoiseatenandwhere,”saidToddPalmer,anecologistfromFlorida.Thelions,whicharealreadyendangered,aremanagingtocopewiththisbynolongerfocusingtheirattentiononzebras.Thezebras,ofcourse,canseethemmuchbetterontheapproachgiventhelackofcover.Instead,theyaretargetingwaterbuffalo.Butthisalsoisn’ttheendofthestory.Whoknowswhatthelions’changingstrategywillmeanfortheecosystemdowntheline?12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deter”inparagraph2mean?A.Direct. B.Discourage. C.Identify. D.Seek.13.Whatroledotheelephantsplayinthechainreaction?A.Cooperatingwith“big-headed”ants. B.Damagingthehidingplaceforlions.C.Protectingtheacaciasfromherbivores. D.Startingoffthedisturbanceofthechain.14.Theauthormentionslions,zebrasandwaterbuffalotoshowthat______.A.animalsfallvictimtobiggerones B.theecologyisontheroadtorecoveryC.animalsarecorelatedintheecosystem D.speciesarefirmlypositionedinthefoodchain15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whatecologistsfindaboutanimals. B.WhyAfricanlionsareendangered.C.Howtinyantsaffectthewaylionshunt. D.HowthelawofthejungleworksinAfrica.【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了小蚂蚁如何影响狮子的捕猎方式。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据上文“Theantsareactivelyattackinganddrivingawayherbivoresthatattempttofeedonthetree’sleaves.Thisishighlyeffective;theantsnotonlyphysicallyharmtheherbivores(蚂蚁正在积极攻击并赶走试图以树叶为食的食草动物。这是非常有效的；蚂蚁不仅在身体上伤害食草动物)”可知，蚂蚁对合欢树具有保护作用。由此猜测“ butalsoreleasechemicalsthatcandeter

otherpotentialattackers.”意为“蚂蚁还释放出可以阻止其他潜在攻击者的化学物质”，即deter意为“阻止”，与discourage同义。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thisantinvasion(入侵)affectsonethingaftertheother.Itleavestheacaciatreesdefenselessagainstherbivoresespeciallyelephants.Theelephantscomeinandeattheacaciasatfivetoseventimestherateobservedinuninvadedareas.Thelions,whilehuntingforfood,havenomoretreestouseforhiding.(蚂蚁的入侵影响了一件又一件事。这使得金合欢树无法抵御食草动物，尤其是大象。大象吃金合欢的速度是未被入侵地区的5到7倍。狮子在寻找食物的时候，没有更多的树可以用来躲藏。)”可知，在食物链中大象破坏狮子的藏身之处。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““ThesetinyinvadersarepullingonthetiesthatputanAfricanecosystemtogether,determiningwhoiseatenandwhere,”saidToddPalmer,anecologistfromFlorida.(来自佛罗里达州的生态学家托德·帕尔默(ToddPalmer)说:“这些微小的入侵者正在拉动非洲生态系统的纽带，决定谁被吃掉，在哪里被吃掉。”)”和最后一段“Thelions,whicharealreadyendangered,aremanagingtocopewiththisbynolongerfocusingtheirattentiononzebras.Thezebras,ofcourse,canseethemmuchbetterontheapproachgiventhelackofcover.Instead,theyaretargetingwaterbuffalo.(已经濒临灭绝的狮子正在设法解决这个问题，不再把注意力集中在斑马身上。斑马，当然，可以更好地看到它们靠近，因为缺乏掩护。相反，它们的目标是水牛。)”可知，蚂蚁的入侵导致金合欢树大量被吃，使得狮子在狩猎时失去掩护，这导致以斑马为主食的狮子转而猎杀水牛。由此推知，作者提到狮子、斑马和水牛是为了说明动物在生态系统中是相互关联的。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章第一段“ButthelionsinEastAfricashouldconcernthemselveswiththeseeminglyinsignificantants,becausetheseantsarechangingtheirlifestyles.(但是东非的狮子应该关注这些看起来微不足道的蚂蚁，因为这些蚂蚁正在改变它们的生活方式。)”可知，文章主要介绍了小蚂蚁如何影响狮子的捕猎方式。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whiletechnologyaddictsteenstotheirdevices,theyarenothelplessagainstthedrawofit.Herearefivewayseducatorscansupporttheirstudents’digitalwell-being.Exploredesigntrickscompaniesuse.Thetechnologyweusedailyisdesignedtocatchandholdourattention.Companiesknowwhatkeepsoureyesonthescreen.Tohelp,teacherscanunpackdesigntricksandexplainhowcompaniesemployfeatureslikeauto-playtogetuserstostayontheirapps.____16____Talkabouthowtechnologycanincreasefeelingsofanxiety.Thedeclineinyouthmentalhealthisassociatedwithanincreaseinsocialmediause.____17____Wecanhelpourstudentsbyallowingthemtoconsiderthebenefitsoftechnologyandthentothinkaboutchangingthehabitsthataren’tservingtheirwell-being.____18____Socialmediacanbringthefeeling:“Allmyfriendshavebetterlivesthanme.”Plus,designfeatureslike“readreceipts”canleadtoteensknowingtheirmessageshavebeenseenandstressingaboutwhyfriendshaven’tyetreplied.Theseareclassicexamplesofthinkingtraps.Identifyingthemcanhelpteensgetridofsomenegativethoughts.UncoverthewaysthatAIcanplayaroleinmisinformation.AIisrapidlytransformingtheworld.Recommendationalgorithms(算法),whichdeterminewhatwedoanddonotseeonourfeedsandinoursearchresults,canhaveveryrealconsequences.____19____Byunderstandinghowthesetechnologieswork,studentscanstarttoenjoymorebenefitsoftechnology.Encouragefamiliestohavemeaningfulconversationswiththeirchild.Takethetimetosharewithfamiliesthetopicsandresourcesyou’reteachinginclass.____20____Knowingwe’reallinthesameboatiscrucial.A.Socialmediaisruiningourlife.B.Connectthemwiththeirinnerworld.C.Buildtheirawarenessofthinkingtraps.D.Thisbynomeansindicatesalltechnologyisbad.E.Theycanpullustowardincreasinglyextremeviews.F.Itturnsoutadultsandkidsallpursuedigitalwell-being.G.Knowingthesecanmotivatestudentstogetbacktheirattention.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了教育者可以采取的五种方法来支持学生的数字健康，分别是探索公司使用的设计技巧，谈论技术如何增加焦虑感，辨认思维陷阱，揭示人工智能在误传方面的作用，鼓励家庭与孩子进行有意义的对话。【16题详析】根据前文“Companiesknowwhatkeepsoureyesonthescreen.Tohelp,teacherscanunpackdesigntricksandexplainhowcompaniesemployfeatureslikeauto-playtogetuserstostayontheirapps.

(公司知道什么可以让我们的眼睛停留在屏幕上。为了帮助学生，教育者可以揭示设计技巧，解释公司如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户留在他们的应用程序上)”可知，此处强调教师可以为孩子们揭示公司如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户留在他们的应用程序上，后文应对这种做法的结果进行描述。G选项“Knowingthesecanmotivatestudentstogetbacktheirattention.(了解这些可以激励学生重新获得他们的注意力)”，通过帮助学生们揭示公司吸引学生的设计技巧，解释公司如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户留在他们的应用程序，这些行为可以激励学生重新获得他们的注意力。故选G。【17题详析】根据前文“Thedeclineinyouthmentalhealthisassociatedwithanincreaseinsocialmediause.(青少年心理健康状况的下降与社交媒体使用的增加有关)”以及后文“Wecanhelpourstudentsbyallowingthemtoconsiderthebenefitsoftechnologyandthentothinkaboutchangingthehabitsthataren’tservingtheirwell-being.(我们可以帮助我们的学生，让他们考虑科技的好处，然后考虑改变那些不利于他们健康的习惯)”可知，虽然青少年心理健康状况的下降与社交媒体使用的增加有关，可知并不是所有的科技都是坏的，我们可以帮助学生们考虑科技的好处，同时改变科技带来的不健康的习惯。D选项“Thisbynomeansindicatesalltechnologyisbad.(这绝不意味着所有的技术都是不好的)”符合语境，故选D。【18题详析】根据后文的“Theseareclassicexamplesofthinkingtraps.Identifyingthemcanhelpteensgetridofsomenegativethoughts.(这些都是思维陷阱的经典例子。识别它们可以帮助青少年摆脱一些消极的想法)”可知，本段通过经典例子，说明了思维陷阱对青少年产生的影响。C选项“Buildtheirawarenessofthinkingtraps.(建立他们对思维陷阱的意识)”概括本段段旨，指出帮助青少年建立对思维陷阱的意识，符合语境。故选C。【19题详析】根据前文“Recommendationalgorithms(算法),whichdeterminewhatwedoanddonotseeonourfeedsandinoursearchresults,canhaveveryrealconsequences.

(人工智能正在迅速改变世界。推荐算法决定了我们在信息流和搜索结果中可以看到什么，不能看到什么，它可能会产生非常现实的后果)”可知，此处强调大数据的推荐算法会产生一些非现实的后果，后文对此行为带来的消极影响进行进一步说明。E选项“Theycanpullustowardincreasinglyextremeviews.(它们会把我们拉向越来越极端的观点)”承接前文，指出推荐算法会把我们拉向越来越极端的观点，符合语境。故选E。【20题详析】根据前文“Encouragefamiliestohavemeaningfulconversationswiththeirchild.Takethetimetosharewithfamiliesthetopicsandresourcesyou’reteachinginclass.

(鼓励家长与孩子进行有意义的对话。花点时间和家人分享你在课堂上教授的话题和资源)”可知，此处鼓励家长和孩子之间进行有意义的交流，沟通和分享。F选项“Itturnsoutadultsandkidsallpursuedigitalwell-being.(事实证明，成年人和孩子都追求数字幸福。)”承接前文，并引出下文“Knowingwe’reallinthesameboatiscrucial.(知道我们都在同一条船上是至关重要的。)”，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Bringingsmilestodesperatelyillchildrenmaybethebestskilltocheerthemup.That’swhatonemaninaSpider-Mancostumedoesatchildren’s____21____allacrossAmerica.It’sallpartofthefunforYuriWilliamsandhisnon-profitorganization,AFutureSuperHeroandFriends,whichnotonly____22____hospitalsasitsturf(活动区域),butanyunderservedcommunity.Yurihas____23____blooddonations,toydonations,andsoforth—allwhile____24____Superherocostumes.“Theydon’t____25____callmebymyrealnameanymore;it’sjustSpider-Man,”themanbehindthe____26____toldHawaiiNewsNow.Yuridecidedtobringsmilesfor____27____childrenasaresultofhisownhealingjourney.Theidea—tobeaheroforchildrenwithseriousillnesses—____28____duringhislongperiodofgriefduetohismother’s____29____withcancer.Herealizedthatthebestwaytodealwithhis____30____wasserviceothers—andhehassince____31____thelivesofthousandsofpeople.Hissurprisevisits____32____thepatientswhoaresometimesinadarkplaceemotionallyprofound____33____.AndthisSpider-Manknowshisjobhas____34____theirdaywhenheseesthechildrencheerupinthosehospitalbeds.“Ifeellikearealsuperhero.I’meagerly____35____thatIcanmakeadifferencetotheirlife.”21.A.clinics B.parks C.circuses D.fairs22.A.defines B.labels C.regards D.characterizes23.A.organized B.advocated C.received D.funded24.A.purchasing B.designing C.wearing D.decorating25.A.nearly B.even C.merely D.yet26.A.mask B.curtain C.screen D.scarf27.A.outgoing B.disturbing C.suffering D.outstanding28.A.tookoff B.cameabout C.turnedaround D.stoodout29.A.campaign B.quarrel C.movement D.battle30.A.sorrow B.suspicion C.annoyance D.frustration31.A.appreciated B.respected C.touched D.cherished32.A.award B.bring C.owe D.fetch33.A.ambition B.boldness C.recovery D.happiness34.A.ruined B.wasted C.planned D.made35.A.anticipating B.guaranteeing C.seeking D.exploring【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.C25.B26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蜘蛛侠装扮者尤里为患病儿童带去欢乐。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是一个穿着蜘蛛侠服装的人在美国各地的儿童医院所做的事情。A.clinics诊所，专科医院；B.parks公园；C.circuses马戏团；D.fairs集市。根据上文“Bringingsmilestodesperatelyillchildrenmaybethebestskilltocheerthemup.That’swhatonemaninaSpider-Mancostumedoesatchildren’s”和下文的“hospitals”可知，给病入膏肓的孩子们带来微笑可能是让他们振作起来的最好技巧，而病入膏肓的孩子们通常在医院，所以这就是一个穿着蜘蛛侠服装的男人在全美儿童医院所做的事情。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是尤里·威廉姆斯和他的非营利组织“未来超级英雄和朋友”的乐趣所在，该组织不仅将医院视为自己的领地，而且将任何服务不足的社区都视为自己的领地。A.defines定义；B.labels标记；C.regards视为；D.characterizes描述。根据下文“hospitalsasitsturf(活动区域),butanyunderservedcommunity”可知，该组织将医院和任何服务不足的社区都视为自己的领地。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尤里还组织了献血、玩具捐赠等活动，同时穿着超级英雄服装。A.organized组织；B.advocated提倡；C.received收到；D.funded资助。根据下文“blooddonations,toydonations,andsoforth”可知，尤里组织了这些活动。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.purchasing购买；B.designing设计；C.wearing穿着；D.decorating装饰。根据下文“Superherocostumes”可知，他是穿着超级英雄服装做这些事情的。故选C。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至不再用我的真名叫我，只是叫我蜘蛛侠。A.nearly几乎；B.even甚至；C.merely仅仅；D.yet然而。根据下文“callmebymyrealnameanymore;it’sjustSpider-Man”可知，他们甚至不再用真名叫他，只是叫他蜘蛛侠，表示一种递进关系。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位蜘蛛侠服装背后的人告诉HawaiiNewsNow。A.mask面具；B.curtain窗帘；C.screen屏幕；D.scarf围巾。根据上文“Yurihasblooddonations,toydonations,andsoforth—allwhileSuperherocostumes.”和下文“themanbehindthe”可知，他是穿着蜘蛛侠的衣服装扮成蜘蛛侠做这些事情的，所以此处指面具后的人。故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尤里决定为那些正在经历痛苦的孩子带去笑容，这是他自己康复旅程的结果。A.outgoing外向的；B.disturbing令人不安的；C.suffering遭受痛苦的；D.outstanding杰出的。根据下文的“asaresultofhisownhealingjourney.Theidea—tobeaheroforchildrenwithseriousillnesses”可知，他是为那些正在经历痛苦的孩子带去笑容。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个想法——成为患有严重疾病的孩子的英雄——是在他母亲与癌症抗争的长期悲伤中产生的。A.tookoff起飞；B.cameabout产生；C.turnedaround转身；D.stoodout突出。根据下文“duringhislongperiodofgrief”可知，这个想法是在他母亲与癌症抗争的长期悲伤中产生的。故选B。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.campaign运动；B.quarrel争吵；C.movement运动；D.battle战斗，抗争。根据上文“duringhislongperiodofgrief”和下文“withcancer”可知，这里表示他母亲与癌症的抗争。故选D。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他意识到处理自己悲伤的最好方法就是服务他人——从那时起，他已经影响了成千上万人的生活。A.sorrow悲伤；B.suspicion怀疑；C.annoyance恼怒；D.frustration沮丧。根据上文“duringhislongperiodofgrief”和“Herealizedthatthebestwaytodealwithhis”可知，他意识到处理自己悲伤的最好方法就是服务他人。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.appreciated感激；B.respected尊重；C.touched感动，影响；D.cherished珍惜。根据下文“thelivesofthousandsofpeople”可知，他已经影响了成千上万人的生活。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的突然到访给那些有时情绪低落的病人带来了深刻的快乐。A.award授予；B.bring带来；C.owe欠；D.fetch取来。根据下文“thepatientswhoaresometimesinadarkplaceemotionallyprofound”可知，他的突然到访给病人带来了快乐。故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.ambition野心；B.boldness大胆；C.recovery恢复；D.happiness快乐。根据上文“thepatientswhoaresometimesinadarkplaceemotionallyprofound”和下文“whenheseesthechildrencheerupinthosehospitalbeds”可知，他的突然到访给病人带来了深刻的快乐。故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这位蜘蛛侠看到孩子们在医院病床上欢呼时，他知道自己的工作已经让他们的一天变得美好了。A.ruined毁灭；B.wasted浪费；C.planned计划；D.made使。根据下文“whenheseesthechildrencheerupinthosehospitalbeds”可知，他的工作已经让孩子们的一天变得美好了。makeone’sday“使某人的一天变得愉快或特别”。故选D。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我急切地期待着我能给他们的生活带来改变。A.anticipating期待；B.guaranteeing保证；C.seeking寻找；D.exploring探索。根据下文“thatIcanmakeadifferencetotheirlife”可知，他急切地期待着能给他们的生活带来改变。故选A。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThetermXuanpaperfirstappearedinOnFamousPaintingsthroughtheAges,abookwrittenbyTangDynastyscholarZhangYanyuan,____36____hedescribedXuanpaperasanidealcarrierforcalligraphyandpainting.HandmadeXuanpaperfromJingxiancounty,EastChina’sAnhuiprovince,____37____(list)asagifttotheimperialcourtthenforitssupremequality,DuringtheTangandSongDynastiesXuanpaperreacheditspeakof____38____(popular)andquality.Thetraditionalcraft(工艺)ofmakingXuanpaperisextremely____39____(demand).Sandalwoodbark,aplantnativetosouthernChina,____40____(go)through108proceduresoverthecourseofthreeyearsbeforeitcantransformintofineXuanpaper.TheflowofinkdeterminestheoutputofChineseart,andXuanpaperoutshinesotherswithitsexcellentability____41____(give)fullplaytoink.Differentproportions(比例)ofbarktostrawduringthepaper-makingprocesscancreatedifferentcanvases(帆布)bestsuited____42____artisticexpressioninfreehandinkpaintingsorcalligraphy.TheuniquequalityofXuanpaperis____43____(high)valuedintheworldofChinesecalligraphyandpainting.Xuanpaperisveryresistanttodamagebroughtbytime.Itisthisdurability____44____hasmadethepreservationofmanyvaluableworksfromancientChinapossible.Thelonghistory,uniquecraftsmanship,andhighqualityofXuanpaperhavemadeita_____45_____(treasure)culturalheritageofChina.【答案】36.where37.waslisted38.popularity39.demanding40.goes41.togive42.for/to43.highly44.that45.treasured【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统的宣纸及其制作工艺和历史地位。【36题详析】考查定语从句。句意：“宣纸”一词首次