2022届福建省龙岩市高三下学期第一次教学质量检测（一模） 英语（不含听力音频）

PAGE龙岩市2022年高中毕业班第一次教学质量检测英语试题（满分：150分考试时间：120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后，有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhatdidthemandislikeabouthisvisittotheKings?A.Theatmosphere.B.TheKingsfamily.C.Thefood.2.Wherearethespeakersgoingthisevening?A.Toabeach.B.Toagym.C.Toacinema.3.Whenisthepopshowon?A.At8:30.B.At8:20.C.At7:30.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Muchspaceisneededforthetigers.B.Thecagesinthecenteraretoosmall.C.Thenumberoftigersisincreasingslowly.5.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Typetheaddressonceagain.B.Havethecomputerrepaired.C.Visitatenniswebsitefordata.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Policemanandwitness.C.Husbandandwife.7.Whatwerethefirefightersdoingwhenthemansawthefire?A.Takingpeopleout.B.Puttingoutthefire.C.Keepingpeopleaway.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.HowlongdidtheDreadfulDemonsmovieslast?A.For3hours.B.For6.5hours.C.For7hours.9.WheredidthemanseeDreadfulDemons?A.Inacinema.B.Athishouse.C.Inhisschool.10.Howdoesthewomangetpocketmoney?A.Byworkinginacinema.B.Bydoinghouseworkathome.C.Bycuttinggrassforherneighbors.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atthewoman’s.B.Atarestaurant.C.AtaTVstudio.12.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Havesomesoup.B.Tellhertherecipe.C.Givethesalttoher.13.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcomedyshows?A.Boring.B.Relaxing.C.Noisy.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thetrainingplans.B.Thescheduleoftheday.C.Thewaystorelax.15.Whendothespeakersdomorningprayers?A.From6:30to7:00.B.From6:00to6:30.C.From5:00to5:30.16.Howdoesdancingamongthetreesaffectpeople?A.Itcanpuretheirsoul.B.Itcanhelpthemforgettheirproblems.C.Itcanteachthemtoexpressthemselves.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatcanamemberoftheClubenjoy?A.Freedrinks.B.Discountstotickets.C.Somefreefood.18.HowoftencanamembergetaClubmagazine?A.Onceaweek.B.Onceamonth.C.Onceaseason.19.WhatisintheClubmagazine?A.Activitiesforclubmembers.B.Informationonnewfilms.C.Interviewswithlocalfans.20.Whatshouldonedotojointheclub?A.Askforanapplicationform.B.Buy6-monthmembershipfirst.C.CallthehotlinebeforeSeptember15th.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheseChristmassyreadsaresuretokeepyoufeelingwarmandfuzzy(迷糊的)insideasthelongwinternightsdrawin.Wintering:ThePowerofRestandRetreatinDifficultTimesbyKatherineMayMaywritessadlyaboutherexperienceofherhusband’ssuddenillnessandhowthiseventcausedmajorlifeshifts,bothpersonallyandprofessionally.HerdescriptionsofstayingwiththeSamípeoplewhenvisitingTroms,ofseaswimminginthewinter,ofasolstice(冬至)spentatStonehenge,andthemakingofslow-cookedmealsprovidesreliefwhenreadingalongsidesuchhonestdescriptionsofherownperiodsofWintering.TheChristmasChroniclesforMidwinterbyNigelSlaterNigelSlaterdescribeshimselfas“acookwhowrites”andthissensuallywrittenbookcontainsthebasicelementsofthefestiveseason:food,homesickness,andgenerosity.Partmemoir(回忆录),partrecipebookinterwovenwithmythandfolktale,Slatershareshisloveforwinterthroughhiswarmnarrativevoice.Ashesays,“Thesimpleactofmakingsomeonesomethingtoeat,evenabowlofsouporaloafofbread,hasamany-layeredmeaning.Itsuggestsanactofprotectionandcaring,ofgenerosityandacloseinterpersonalrelationship.”HerculePoirot’sChristmasbyAgathaChristieIforonecannotresistagooddetectivenovel,especiallyonesetduringChristmas.OurbeloveddetectiveHerculePoirotischargedwithsolvingthebloodymurderofmultimillionaireSimeonLee,whichtakesplaceonChristmasEvefollowingafamilygathering.Christie’strademarkdilemmatakestheformofamurderinaroomlockedfromtheinside…AsatisfyingreadfilledwithalltheelementsIlovemostaboutagoodVictoriandetectivenovel:astrikinglyold-fashionedvillage,amurder-mysterysetinacountryestate,andunreliablecharacters.1.WhatsenseprobablyoccurstoareaderwhenreadingWintering?A.Sadness. B.Comfort.C.Loneliness. D.Amazement.2.HerculePoirot’sChristmasis_________.A.setinamoderncity B.popularwithdetectivesC.concernedwithawealthyperson D.meantforChristmascelebrators3.Whosereadmaybestconveythedeepnatureoffood?A.May. B.AgathaChristie.C.NigelSlater. D.Thewriterofthistext.【答案】1A2.C3.CBAccordingtoGelb,althoughnoteveryoneisbornwiththegiftsandthecapacitiesofLeonardoDaVinci,itispossibleforanypersontousethefundamentalsofDaVinci’sapproachtolearningtoguideustowardtherealizationofourinnerDaVinci.Onetypicalfundamentaliscuriosity.Curiosityis“Thedesiretoknowisnaturaltogoodmen.”—LeonardoDaVinciTheyoungLeonardolovedbeinginnature,showedanearlygiftfordrawingandwasfascinatedbymathematics.YoungLeonardo’sCuriosityregardingeducationandmathematicsespeciallyoftenraisedconstantunsurenessanddifficultiesfortheteacherswhotaughthimandcontinuouslyprovedthemtobewrong.Mostchildrenhaveinthemendlessamountsofcuriosityandsenseofwonder.Unfortunatelyformultiplereasonsthesequalitiesarelostaschildrenreachadulthood,notLeonardothough.Perhapsoneofhisgreatestcharacteristicswashiswillingnesstoquestionacceptedknowledge.Leonardo’sCuriosityneverfadedandfueledthelakeofhisgeniusforhisentirelife.Leonardo’smotiveswerenotmoney,womenorloyaltytoanychurchorperson.Hispursuitswerepure:thelongsearchforbeautyandaboveall:truth.Leonardowouldwonderaroundaskingquestionshedidnothimselfyetunderstand.Healwayscarriedanotebookwithhimselfsothathecouldquicklywritedownhundredsofquestions,ideas,thoughts,impressionsandobservationsastheyoccurred.Hewasexpectantandreliantonlyuponhimselftoanswerhisownquestions.Beingmodest,hewasnotafraidtomakemistakesandappearfoolish.Leonardoacceptedthefeelingsofunfamiliarityandfoolishness.Hisquestionsledhimtodesigningasnorkel(水下呼吸器)aswellasdivingequipmentandevenasubmarineandalsoinventingflyingmachinesandaparachute.Hiscuriositytookhimunderthewaterandintothesky.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“DaVinci”referto?A.Potential. B.Curiosity.CHonesty. D.Motive.5.WhatwasmosttypicaloftheyoungLeonardo?A.Educatingkids. B.Seekingforlove.C.Appreciatingnature. D.Questioninghisteachers.6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutLeonardo’ssenseofcuriosityfromthetext?A.Itfooledhimself.B.Itmadehimindependent.C.Itinspiredhiswholelife.D.Itdisappearedinhisadulthood.7.WhichsayingcanbestreflectLeonardoDaVinci?A.Anidleyouth,aneedyage.B.Firstcome,firstserved.C.Stayhungry,stayfoolish.D.Nothingventured,nothinggained.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.CCOftenwhenwethinkoftakingsometimeoutandhavingalittleR&R,theimagethatcomestomindisthatofbeingverystillwiththeaimofmovingaslittleaspossible.Rest,wehavecometolearn,meanssittingdown,puttingourfeetupandunburdeningourselves.Thisisallgoodandwell,andasaworkingmotheroftwo,IcompletelyappreciatethephysicalexhaustionthatcomesfromstandingforliterallyhoursfollowedbythecoolwaveofreliefthatradiatesfromthesolesofmyfeetupwardswhenIfinallysitdown.Whatbetterwaytodothatthanadayspentdoingnothing?Sowhy,then,doIstillfindmyselfexhaustedintheevening?I’vedonehardlyanyphysicalactivityatall,andhowcanIpossiblybethistired?Theanswer,Irealized,isdowntothefactthatIwasn’tgettingenoughcognitiverest.Surfing,textingandansweringemails,engagingwithpeopleonline,thenewscycleandtheendlessworries,allofthiscantakeplacewhileapersonisfullycurleduponthesofainpajamas.Allthesethingsinhibitusfromreceivingenoughmentalrest.IcaughtupwithCBTtherapistCharlotteLuscombewhosharedwithmetheimportanceofswitchingoffmentallyaswellasphysically.Sheexplains,“Wecanbephysicallystillandrestingbutthatdoesnotmeanourbodiesareinarelaxedstate.Ourmindscancontinuetoraceandcancauseanxietywhendoingso.”AndwhatsuggestionsdoesCharlottehaveforbusy-mindedindividualslikeme?“Activerest,”Shetellsme,“activitiesthathelpyoutoengageyourmindcanhelpyoutorelaxevenifyouarephysicallydoingsomething,asthisencouragescognitiverest.Theycanbeyoga,walking,reading,coloringetc.Evendoingsomethingactivewithyourmindengagedwillbemorerestfulthansittingdownbutworryingforhours.”8.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.Themannerofsitting. B.Thecommonsenseofrest.C.Thedefinitionofastilllife. D.Thephysicaltiredness.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inhibit”inParagraph3mean?A.Protect. B.Prevent. C.Separate. D.Save.10.Howcanabusy-mindedpersonstaymorerelaxedaccordingtoCharlotte?A.Interactingonline. B.Doingnothingathome.C.Focusingonreading. D.Goingtoatherapist.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.HowtoCorrectlySitDown B.HowtoTimelyDealwithWorriesC.HowtoProperlyRestYourBrain D.HowtoFullyEngageYourMind【答案】8.B9.B10.C11.CDYouimproveyourrobot’ssoftwarebyimprovingitssoftware.AgrimGuptaofStanfordUniversity,however,begstodiffer.Hethinksyoucanalsoimprovearobot’ssoftwarebyimprovingitshardware.Heandhiscolleagueshaveinventedawayoftestingthisidea.Theybroughttotheirrobots,unimals,theprinciplesofevolution(进化)bynaturalselection.Unimals,withglobesforheadsandsticksforarmsandlegs,aresoftwarebeingsinteractingwithavirtualenvironment.Theenvironmentswheretheywanderedwereinthreevarieties:flatgrounds,groundswithhillsandsteps,andonesthathadthecomplexitiesofthesecondsort,butwithaddedobjects.Tobeginwith,theunimalswererandomlyassignedvariousshapes,butwithidenticalsoftware—derl.Newlycreatedunimalslearnedtofacethechallengesinavirtualbootcamp.Theywerethenenteredintotournamentsingroups.Eachgroupwinnerwasawardedonemutation(变异)—oneextraarmorleg,oroneextraturninginajoint.Thenewreplacedtheoldestunimalandthenwasassignedtoanewgroup,andtheprocessrepeated.About4,000varietiesofthemunderwenttraining.Theteamweresurprisedbythediversityofshapesthatevolved.Crucially,though,theresearchersfoundthemostsuccessfulunimalslearnedtasksinhalfthetimetheiroldestancestorshadtaken,andthatthoseevolvinginthetoughestgroundswerethemostsuccessful.Inthisevolutionofunimals’morphology(形态)topromotetheabilitytolearn,DrGuptaseesaversionofsomethingcalledtheBaldwineffect.In1896JamesBaldwin,apsychologist,arguedthatmindsevolvetomakethebestuseofthemorphologiesofthebodies.WhatDrGuptahasshown,thoughinsoftware,isthattheoppositecanalsobetrue—changesinbodymorphologycanimprovethewaymindswork.Eventhoughheheldthesoftwareconstant,itbecamemoreefficientatlearningastheunimals’bodiesevolved.Whetherthatdiscoverycanbeturnedtoaccountinthewayrobotsaredevelopedremainstobeseen.Butthewayoftestingiscertainlyanout-of-the-boxidea.12.Howwasthetestconducted?A.BypromotingUnimals’learning. B.Byadjustingtheenvironments.C.Byprovingtheevolutiontheory. D.Bystimulatingunimals’mutation.13.Whatturnedouttobesurprisinginthetest?A.Thenumberoftrainedunimals. B.Thedeclineintimeforlearningtasks.C.Thevarietyofevolvedshapes. D.Thereplacementofoldunimals.14.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetest?A.Mindevolutionaffectsbodyshaping.B.Bodychangesbettermindwork.C.Hardwarechangesdonotimpactsoftware.D.Thediscoveryisusefulinrobotdevelopment.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetothefinding?A.Negative. B.Objective.C.Indifferent. D.Approving.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.B第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EarninganMBAAbroadAnyonewhohopestoleadaFortune500Firmsomedayshouldrealizethatahigh-profileleadershiprolewillprobablyrequireextensivetravelandteamworkwithcolleaguesfromallovertheworld.Anyambitiousbusinesspersonmaywishtoconsiderattendingabusinessschool(B-school)whereheorsheisneitheracitizennorapermanentresident.Whendecidingwhethertogotoabusinessgraduateprograminaforeigncountry,doacost-benefitanalysis.___16___SellingPointsandDisadvantagesEarninganMBAoranothertypeofgraduatebusinessdegreeinaforeigncountrybearsvaluableadvantages.Onebigadvantageisthatyouwillbeabletolearnaboutnewcultures.___17___Italsoallowsyoutoexperiencedifferentworkingstylesandhowcertaincompaniesoperate,whichcanbebeneficialforfutureemployerswhowantemployeeswithglobalexperience.___18___Internationalflightstoandfromaforeignschoolmaybeexpensive.Youmayfinditharderthantheyexpectedtogetvisas(签证)orworkpermitsforyourschoolingabroad,whichmeansyoumighthavetoleavethecountryabruptlywhenyougraduatewithoutmuchtimefortransmission.Youmayalsobeconcernedaboutculturaldifferencesinlearningstyles,studyhabits,andacademicstrictness.OtherFactorstoConsiderWhencomparingMBAprogramsindifferentcountries,keepseveralregionaldistinctionsinmind.ThestandardinsomecountriesisforMBAdegreestobecompletedwithinasingleyear.___19___ThepriceofB-schoolinsomeareastendstobemoreexpensiveandstartingsalariesamongrecentMBAgraduatestendtobeespeciallyhighwithincertaincountries.Nomatterwhereintheworldyou’dprefertopursueanMBA,it’swisetoinvestigateyourtargetB-school’scourseofferingstoassesswhetherthelessonstaughtatthatschoolseeminterestingandrelevanttoyou.___20___Inotherwords,thinkoverthelocationwhereyouintendtospendthemajorityofyourcareer.A.Thiswillhelpinfutureworkopportunities.B.Anotherconsiderationisyourfinaldestination.C.Inotherplacesthetypicaltime-to-degreeistwoyears.D.Admissionoddsmayvarydependingonthelocationoftheprograms.E.Unfortunately,therearesomedownsidestopursuinganMBAoverseas.F.HowemployersrecognizethevaluesofanMBAinfluencesjobopportunities.G.HereisanoutlineoftheplusesandminusesassociatedwithgoingabroadforB-school.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.C20.B第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MalatLeuthWei,25,lovesbeinginthegym,flyingacrossthecourtinaspecializedwheelchair.Thegamesareincredibly___21___,withscreeching(刺耳的)tires,crashingmetalandtheimpressiveteamworkandcourageoftheathletes___22___.WeiwasborninwhatisnowSouthSudanandhadpolio(小儿麻痹症)atage3.Worsestill,hisfatherwent___23___duringthecivilwarsleadingtothecountry’seventualindependencein2011.Duringthoseunsettledtimes,Weiandhismother___24___atacampinEthiopia,whereWeirememberscrawlingaroundonhisarmsondirtroadsbeforegettinga___25___.Whenhewas12,theymovedtoHouston.Hehadatoughtime___26___intheUnitedStates.Itwasquitelateinhischildhoodtomakesuchahugemove,andhewas___27___insixthgradedespiteknowingverylittleEnglish.Somekidsmadefunofhim,butamore___28___groupintroducedhimtothe___29___thatwouldchangethedirectionofhislife.Weiwenttotheparkwithallthechildreninthe___30___togoplaybasketballwiththem.Hewastheonlyone___31___fromawheelchair.Thefactthattheyactuallytreatedhimasequalandnotsomebody___32___turnedouttobewhereeverythingstarted.Wei___33___everyopportunitytoplayandcompetewiththem.“Itmeanstheworldtomejusttosharemy___34___withtheworld,ofwhatIhaveaccomplishedinlife,fromwhereIcamefrom,with___35___,notknowinghowtoreadorwriteEnglish.”saysWei.21.A.easy B.intense C.complex D.close22.A.invain B.instyle C.ondisplay D.online23.A.missing B.fighting C.starving D.begging24.A.wanderedabout B.turnedup C.endedup D.droppedby25.A.shelter B.passport C.walking-stick D.wheelchair26.A.training B.schooling C.adjusting D.travelling27.A.assigned B.appointed C.admitted D.ranked28.A.inspiring B.interesting C.challenging D.accepting29.A.legend B.motto C.sport D.culture30.A.neighborhood B.camp C.city D.country31.A.shooting B.rising C.chasing D.kicking32.A.more B.better C.less D.worse33.A.loses B.treasures C.deserts D.doubts34.A.message B.victory C.emotion D.failure35.A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.something【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.C27.C28.A29.C30.A31.A32.D33.B34.A35.D第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinesetaikonauts,ZhaiZhigang,WangYaping,andYeGuangfu,conductedthesciencelecture400kilometersaboveEarth.TheyinteractedwithstudentsfromfiveclassroomsacrossChinaandshowedviewers___36___theyliveandworkinsidethespacestation.When___37___(reply)toaHongKongstudent’squestionaboutwater,Wangexplainedthatthewatertheydrink___38___(recycle),notingthatthereisnodifferenceintaste___39___regularwaterandrecycledwaterandeverydropofwaterismadefulluseofthere.Inanexperiment,shecreatedawaterfilmusingametalringandabag___40___(fill)withwater.Thensheplacedonthewaterfilmapaperflowerbud(花蕾)preparedbyherdaughterandherbeforethejourney.Thebudturnedaround___41___(magical)onthefilmand“blossomed.”Zhai___42___(introduce)the“penguinjumpsuit”Yewaswearingduringtheclass.Thesuithasmultipleflexiblebandsinsidetohelptheastronautsmaintaintheirmuscle___43___(strong).Yedemonstratedexperimentsrelatedtocellgrowthinthe___44___(weight)environmentinspace.Theycompared___45___growthandshapeofcellsinartificialgravityandzero-gravitytostudytheirchangingrulesandmechanisms.【答案】36.how37.replying38.isrecycled39.between40.filled41.magically42.introduced43.strength44.weightless45.the第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.你校英语报Endeavor正打算招聘新成员，请你以报社的名义用英文写一则招聘启事，内容如下：1.启事目的；2.应聘条件；3.报名方式和截止日期。注意：1.词数80词左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。NewMembersWanted______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】NewMembersWantedOurschoolnewspaper,Endeavor,isingreatneedofnewmembers.Thejobmainlyincludestwoparts.OneistochooseEnglisharticleswhicharesuitableforthestudentsfromothernewspapers,EnglishmagazinesandtheInternet.Theotheristopickoutarticlesfromourstudentsandeditthemforuse.Ifyouwanttoapplyforthejob,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements.First,youarewillingtodevotesomeofyoursparetimetoservingthestudents.Second,it’snecessaryforyoutobegoodatbothEnglishandart.Meanwhile,youshouldbeabletousethecomputerskillfully.Thosewhoareinterestedinthejob,pleasesendyourresumetoEndeavor@beforeFriday.Thanks.EndeavorEditorialBoard【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以校英语报社的名义用英文写一则招聘启事。第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。It’sabeautifulsunnyday.TheBondsboardedtheirboatforacarefreedaytriptoDoveIslandforsomefishingasafamilycustom.ThomasBond,a30-year-oldconstructionworker,lovedthesport,especiallycatchingbass(鲈鱼)andhadimpressedonhisoldestdaughter,Lizzy,aloveoftheoutdoors,teachingherhowtobait(下诱饵)ahookandcastalineandbravethewaves.Thefamilyspentthedayfishinginthevastocean,andthenlefttheislandintheearlyevening.Uponsettingofffromtheshore,theyfoundthickfogrollingin.Lizzyfellintoalightsleepbesideherfive-year-oldsister,Molly,atatableontheboat’slowerdeck(甲板).Theirfather’ssharporderswokeherup:“Getoutoftheboat.Theboat’ssinking!”Lizzypushedhersisterintothecold,darkwater.Bothgirlsworelifejackets.Theadultsdidnot.Thegirlswerefollow