2024-2025学年上海市静安区高二下学期期末英语试题含听力

2024-2025学年上海市静安区高二下学期期末英语试题(含听力）一、听力选择题(★★)1.

A．$800.B．$850.C．$900.D．$950.(★★)2.

A．Shedoesn’tlikethemovie.B．Shepreferstospendmoneyoncoffee.C．Sheneedstocutdownoncoffee.D．Shehasalreadyboughtthetickets.(★★★)3.

A．Itwasstressfulbutnecessary.B．Itwastooshorttobehelpful.C．Itwasdifficulttomanage.D．Itwasvaluableandenjoyable.(★★)4.

A．She’sgratefulfortheextension.B．She’llsticktotheoriginaldeadline.C．ShewilldelayhersubmissionD．Sheispuzzledbytheprofessor’sdecision.(★★★)5.

A．Thewomanthoughtthemansharedheropinion.B．Thewomanaskedthemanforadviceinadvance.C．Thewomandeliberatelyignoredtheman’sopinion.D．Thewomanfeltsorryfortheman.(★★)6.

A．Manystudentssharethewoman’sconcern.B．Thewoman’sdataisdefinitelyinsufficient.C．Hewillhelpthewomancollectmoredata.D．Theprofessorrequiresmoredata.(★★)7.

A．Hedoesn’tunderstandeconomicsarticles.B．Heneedshelpwithhisresearchpaper.C．Heisstrugglingtofindresearchmaterials.D．Heisbehindscheduleonhisproject.(★★)8.

A．Takethetraintotheterminalstation.B．Waitforthetraintocompleteitsroute.C．Callforhelpatthenextstation.D．Getoffatthenextstopandreturnbytrain.(★★)9.

A．Thepresentationshouldbepostponed.B．Thewomanshouldbeginpreparingatonce.C．Thewomanhasenoughtimetoprepare.D．Thepresentationisnotveryimportant.(★★)10.

A．Theroleofmathematicsinmusic.B．Students’interestinmusicclasses.C．Ateacher’sinnovativeteachingmethod.D．Problemswithtraditionalteaching.(★★★★)听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。11.A．ToreplaceGoogleMapswithitsownapp.B．ToreducerelianceonAmericantechnology.C．Tolowersmartphoneproductioncosts.D．TocompetewithotherChineseoperatingsystems.12.A．LossofaccesstoGoogle’sAndroidupdates.B．Delaysinlaunchingnewsmartphonemodels.C．IncreaseddependenceonChinesesoftware.D．Asharpincreaseinsmartphonesales.13.A．BecauseHarmonyOSlackstechnicalinnovation.B．BecauseAndroidalreadyhasmostdevelopersandusers.C．BecauseHuaweirefusestoshareitwithitscompetitors.D．BecauseHarmonyOSrequiresspecialhardwaremodifications.(★★★★)听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。14.A．Foritsbettertaste.B．Foritshealth-beneficialminerals.C．Foritslongerexpirationdate.D．Foritsconvenienceintransportation.15.A．Scientificstudiesontapwaterpollution.B．Socialmediarumorsabouttapwateradditives.C．Bottledwatercompanies’advertisingcampaigns.D．Newsreportsaboutagingwaterpipelines.16.A．Thehealthbenefitsofbottledwater.B．Theenvironmentalimpactofplasticbottles.C．Thedebatebetweenbottledwaterandtapwater.D．Themarketingstrategiesofluxurywaterbrands.二、语法填空(★★★)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Catshavethepowertoglowinthedark,scientistsdiscoverCatsalwayslandontheirfeetandareseenasasymbolofgoodluckinsomecultures.Theyenjoyninelives.Butnowthecatfolkstoryhasreceivedanextraboostasscientistshavefoundtheycanevenglowinthedark.Thedomesticcatisoneof125speciesthat17(find)tohavefluorescent(荧光的)propertiesthatmakethemglowunderUVlight.Thisabilityhasbeennotedinvariousanimals,includinghumans,butitwasneverknown18widespreaditwas.ScientistsinAustraliareviewedamuseum’scollectionofmammalstoseehowmanyglowedinthedark19aUVlightwasturnedon.Theyfound125specieshadtheability.Theresearchfoundthatall27orders(目)—thelevelabovegenus(属)—20(have)membersthatpossessedfluorescentproperties.“Fluorescencewasmostcommonandmostintenseamongnight-activespecies,withmoreoftheirbody21(be)morefluorescent,”thestudyauthorssaid.“22remainsunclearwhetherfluorescencehasanyspecificbiologicalroleformammals.Itappearstobeacommonpropertyofcolorlessfurandskin.Butitmayfunction23(make)theseareasappearbrighterthereforeenhancingvisualsignaling.Thisisespeciallytruefornight-activespecies.”Therearevariousformsoffluorescence,butallinvolvetheabsorptionoflightandalow-levelemission,24oftenresemblesaglow.Theroleofthisphenomenoninnatureremainsunknownbutislikelytohelpanimalsofthesamespeciescommunicate.Peopleandrabbitswerethefirstmammals25(show)tohavefluorescentpropertieswhenanacademicpaperin1911foundhumanhaircouldemitlightintheUVrange.Overtheyears,afewstudieshaveidentifiedspecificindividualspecies26fluorescentcapabilitiesandprovidedunprovenstory-basedevidence.三、选词填空(★★★★)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.advancedB.signsC.fantasyD.mysteriousE.shaveF.trackG.feedH.linkI.predictionsJ.updatingK.riskyWhenvisitingadoctorafewyearsfromnow,youcanexpecttobeaccompaniedbyavirtualversionofyourself.Thisso-calleddigitaltwinwillbeaworkingmodelofyourbodythatcanbecalledontoaphysician’scomputerscreen.Updatedwithyourlatestvital27,itwillhelpthedoctormakeanaccuratediagnosis.Italsoopensthedoorformedicinesandproceduresdesignedspecificallyforyou,greatlyincreasingrecoveryrates.Thismightseemlike28butthefoundationsarebeinglaid.ResearchersatQueenMaryUniversityofLondonalreadyusecomputersimulations(模拟)oftheheartsofindividualpatientstoevaluatedifferenttreatmentsforatrialfibrillation,acommondisorder.Itwouldbefartoo29toexperimentthiswayonsomeone’srealheart.Withotherorgansalsobeingtwinnedbyscientists,itseemslikelytheywilleventually30uptoformavirtualbody.AsourScience&Technologysectionreports,digitaltwinsarestartingtopopupeverywhere.Amongotherthings,theymonitorthehealthofjetenginesonairliners,keep31ofUber’snetworkofvehiclesandcopyAmazon’sextensivesupplychainwellenoughfortheonlineretailertoaccuratelyforecastsalesseveralyearsahead.Theyarehelpinglocalauthoritiesrespondtotheeffectsoffloodingandlettingcarmakers32yearsoffthedevelopmentofnewmodelsbysimulatingtestdrivesandcrashes.Twinsarealsobeingdevelopedtohelpmanagefactories,companiesandentirecities.Allthisisbeingturbo-chargedbyrecentprogressinartificialintelligence(AI),whichgivesdigitaltwinstheabilitytomake33abouttheirphysicalequivalents,andfine-tunethemselvesonnewdata.Digitaltwinsbeganasbasiccomputermodelsofphysicalobjectsandsystems.Ascomputershavebecomemorepowerful,twinshavebecomemore34.Complexdesignandmodelingsoftwaremeansmanyphysicalobjectstakeshapeinthevirtualworld.Smallsensors,capableofmeasuringallsortsofthings,35twinswithreal-timedata,ensuringthattheymirrortheirphysicalequivalents.AFormulaIracingcar,forinstance,mayhavemorethan250sensors36itsdigitaltwinduringagrandrace.TheuseofAItakesallthismuchfurther,allowingvirtualmodelstobecomemoresophisticated,andtobothsimulateandoptimizeactivitiesintherealworld.四、完形填空(★★★★)CheckingpackagesisunhealthyobsessionThere’sachild-likejoythatcomeswithorderingsomethingonline—whetheritbeclothesorkitchengadgets.Wesit________theU.S.PostalServiceorFedExpagestoseewhenouritemswillarrive,andwebecomeoverlyexcited,hopefulandanxious.Butwhy?AccordingtoOwenO’Kane,apsychotherapist,eventhesmallestpositivefutureeventscan________uswhenwe’refeelingdown.Thisiswhypeoplelookforwardtodinnerreservations,hairappointmentsandyes,receivingpackages.Butit’snotthepurchaseitselfthatarousesthishappiness.Expertssaythere’ssomethingaboutthe________ofapackagearrivingthatisexcitingforthoseinneedofchangeintheirlives.Whenourpackagefinallyarrives,manyofusaresatisfied.Butthatinitialexcitementhasprobably________becauseourobsessionwithourparcelrepresentsmuchmorethantheitemwepurchased.Forsome,thearrivalofapackagemayrepresent“animaginedpositivefuture,whereyoucancontrolyourneedsforabookorblouse,”makinglifefeelmore________andlessdull.Waitingforaparcelcanalsoserveasatemporary________fromtheboredom,givingyousomethingnewtolookforwardto.“You’redistractingyourselffromotherfeelingslikeanxiety,boredom.Whenyouimagineapositiveeventinthefuture,youfeelonlyjoyfulexpectation.Andtrackingitdowntothestreetofthedeliverytruckmakesitevenmore________”O’Kanesays.Nevertheless,anticipationisn’talwaysagoodthing.PeoplebecameangryrecentlywhentheU.S.PostalServiceannounceditsslowerdelivery.Andnow,manyareworriedaboutitemsarrivinglate,appearingbroken,orsimplynot________expectations.Thisphenomenoniscalledpre-parcelanxietyandit’smorecommonthanyouwouldthink.“Weliveinasocietywherewebuildexpectationsand________perfectionism.Wewantefficiencyand________withpatience,”O’Kaneexplains.Adelayedpackagemayseem________tosome.Butforothers,feelinghopefulandthenbeingletdownisangeringandanxiety-provoking.“Wefeeltricked,sometimesonapersonallevel.Weallwantfairtransactions,andwhenwe________andtheotherpartydropstheball,angerisoftentheresult,”O’Kanesays,comparingitto“broken,ignoredorforgotten”promises.________,O’Kanesaysthesereactionsaretellingaboutmoredeep-rootedissuesbeyondadelayedpackage.“Anxietyis________touncertainty,andmanystrugglewithnothavingcontrol.Soit’sreally________ofsomethingbigger,oftheneedtocontroleverythingandtobeperfect.”37.A．windingB．switchingC．refreshingD．registering38.A．fascinateB．motivateC．innovateD．cultivate39.A．accommodationB．companionC．transportationD．anticipation40.A．fadedB．surgedC．remainedD．expanded41.A．advisableB．manageableC．knowledgeableD．considerable42.A．voyageB．libertyC．resistanceD．distraction43.A．culturalB．realC．paleD．fictional44.A．catchingupwithB．givingrisetoC．puttingupwithD．livingupto45.A．embraceB．rejectC．sacrificeD．spot46.A．interactB．struggleC．identifyD．charge47.A．insignificantB．invaluableC．indifferentD．inevitable48.A．liveinharmonyB．doourpartC．pavethewayD．cheerup49.A．HoweverB．GenerallyC．InsteadD．Fortunately50.A．attachmentB．dominanceC．intoleranceD．discrimination51.A．criticalB．suspiciousC．fondD．symbolic五、阅读理解(★★★)Afterafewhourstheroadbegantoberough,andthewalkinggrewsodifficultthattheScarecrowoftenfellovertheyellowbricks,whichwerehereveryuneven.Sometimes,indeed,theywerebrokenormissingaltogether,leavingholesthatDorothywalkedaround.AsfortheScarecrow,havingnobrains,hewalkedstraightahead,andsosteppedintotheholesandfellatfulllengthonthehardbricks.Itneverhurthim,however,andDorothywouldpickhimupandsethimuponhisfeetagain,whilehejoinedherinlaughingmerrilyathisowndisaster.Thefarmswerenotnearlysowellcaredforhereastheywerefartherback.Therewerefewerhousesandfewerfruittrees,andthefarthertheywent,themoredisappointingandlonesomethecountrybecame.Atnoontheysatdownbytheroadside,nearalittlebrook,andDorothyopenedherbasketandgotoutsomebread.SheofferedapiecetotheScarecrow,butherefused.“Iamneverhungry,”hesaid,“anditisaluckythingIamnot,formymouthisonlypainted,andifIshouldcutaholeinitsoIcouldeat,thestrawIamstuffedwithwouldcomeout,andthatwouldspoiltheshapeofmyhead.”Dorothysawatoncethatthiswastrue,sosheonlynoddedandwentoneatingherbread.“Tellmesomethingaboutyourselfandthecountryyoucamefrom,”saidtheScarecrow,whenDorothyhadfinishedherdinner.SoshetoldhimallaboutKansas,andhowgrayeverythingwasthere,andhowthetornadohadcarriedhertothisstrangeLandofOz.TheScarecrowlistenedcarefully,andsaid,“Icannotunderstandwhyyoushouldwishtoleavethisbeautifulcountryandgobacktothedry,grayplaceyoucallKansas.”“Thatisbecauseyouhavenobrains”answeredthegirl.“Nomatterhowdullandgrayourhomesare,wepeopleoffleshandbloodwouldratherlivetherethaninanyothercountry,beiteversobeautiful.Thereisnoplacelikehome.”52.TheScarecrowoftenfellwhilewalkingontheroadbecause________.

A．hewastootiredandhungrytowalksteadilyB．helackedthebrainstoavoidtheholesC．theroadwasnarrowandslipperyD．hewasdistractedbytalkingtoomuchwithDorothy53.WhatdoesDorothymeanwhenshesays,“Thereisnoplacelikehome”?

A．ShebelievesKansasisthemostbeautifulplace.B．Shevalueshomeforitsemotionalsignificance.C．Sheprefersthesimplicityandstabilityofheroldlife.D．ShemissesherfamilyandfriendsinKansas.54.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheScarecrow’spersonality?

A．Cheerfulandeagertolearn.B．Innocentandself-doubting.C．Humblebutnotpractical.D．Observantbutemotionallydistant.(★★★)

AnewbookbyBritishphotographerJimmyNelsontellsthestoryoftraditionalDutchcommunitiesthroughstrikingportraitsfeaturingnationalcostumeanddramaticlandscapesincludingthefollowingplaces.Marken,Noord-HollandMarken,aformerislandjust20kmnorth-eastofAmsterdam,wasonceseparatedfromthemainlandbywaterandhasbeenconnectedsince1957.Thishistoricalisolationanditscoastallocationhavesignificantlyinfluenceditscultureandtraditions.Thepeninsulahasmorethan30differenttraditionalcostumes—allhandmade—includingfivestagesofmourningdress,fromdarkestblackthroughtopurple.“TheclothingofMarkenisverysubtle,”Nelsonsaid.“Foreveryfestivalandimportantlifemoment,theyhaveadifferentstyle.”ZeelandZeelandhasbarelychangedinthelast100years.Everythingwhichmakestheprovincewhatitistoday,hastodowithwater.Theseaispartofresidents’lifeandeverydayitisdifferent.Whenthewindisfromthesouthwest,thedunes(沙丘)castdustoverthevillageandthesandliesinthestreetsandintheirgardens—abitlikesnow.Sometimesthesaltyairfromthesea,it’sontheirwindowsandpeoplecan’tseeoutsidebecausethere’sathicklayerofsaltontheglass.FrieslandForthisprovinceofice-skatingfanatics,thecolderthebetter.Astheicethickens,excitementmountsattheprospectofthelegendaryElfstedentocht,a200kmiceskatingracethrough11Frisiantowns.ColdisthedistinctfeatureofFriesland.Therearenumerouswordsforice,explainedAnkeBijlsma,whosenortheastFrieslandfarmwasphotographedbyNelson.“There’sroughice,darkice—that’sthemostbeautifulone—snowice,bubbleice…”Theregion’sextraordinarystar-filledskiesmakeitequallyimpressiveatnight.“There’snotalotoflightpollutionandit’samazinglydark,”saidBijlsma,whoregularlytakesamomenttoabsorbtheincredibleviews.“Whenyouseethehorizononthesea,everylittleorbigprobleminyourheadblowsaway.Youcanstareintonothing:onlyseaandsky.”55.WhatisuniqueaboutthetraditionalcostumesinMarken?

A．Theyareallmadeofsilkandcomeinbrightcolors.B．Theyareboldorattention-grabbingintheirdesign.C．Theyareallmadeofwoolandrepresentdifferentseasons.D．Theyarecarefullydesignedfordifferentlifeevents.56.WhatisthemainfeatureofFriesland,accordingtothepassage?

A．Itisahotandsunnyregion,perfectforoutdooractivities.B．Thecoldandiceplayamajorroleinitsice-skatingculture.C．Itisknownforitsincredibleviewsofamazinglight.D．Peopletherealwaysfeellostduetoseaandsky.57.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutallthreeplacesmentionedinthepassage?

A．Theyallhaveuniquetraditionalclothingstylestiedtoimportantlifeevents.B．Theyareknownfortheirwarmandsunnyclimatesyear-round.C．Theyareallgreatlyinfluencedbytheirrelationshipwiththesea.D．Theyeachhavealargepopulationofice-skatingenthusiasts.(★★★)On21December1872,HMSChallengersetofffromEnglandonthefirstglobalscientificsurveyoftheseas.Thefour-year,130,000-kilometrevoyagerevealedtheocean’svastscaleanditslivinginhabitants.Now,150yearslater,theChallengerexpeditionremainsamilestoneinoceanography(海洋学).Scientistsstilluseitsenormouscollectionstostudyhowtheoceanischanging.WhilemuchhaschangedsincetheChallengerera—frompianowiretosoundbeamsforseabedmapping—someoutdatedideasstillpersistandtheyurgentlyneedtobeleftbehind.Backthen,sciencewasdrivennotjustbycuriositybutalsobyanimperialisticdesiretofindandsecureaccesstoresources.Thismindsetofexplorationgoinghandinhandwithexploitationpersiststoday.Weknowfarmorenowthanwedid150yearsagoaboutthecriticalroletheoceanplaysasasupportsystemforalllifeonEarth.Itregulatestheclimate,generatesoxygen,absorbscarbonandcontainsmassesofbiodiversity.Meanwhile,industriesareseekingtoextractmorethaneverfromtheocean,fromseabedmineralstothefishthatinhabitdeepwaters.Workingcloselywithscientistsnotonlyshowsindustrialistswhatistheretoexploit,andwhere,butitcanalsohelpjustifytheiractivities.Withtheoceanfacingsomanythreats,thisisacriticaltimeformarinesciencetomovebeyondtheoldnarrativeofexploitation.Initsplace,weneedanewmodelforseekingtobetterunderstandtheocean,toproperlyprotectitandtofindfair,rightandtrulysustainablewaystousethevastbluepartsofourplanet.Unliketheexploitativemindsetofthepast,thisnewmodelprioritizesunderstandingandprotectionoverresourceextraction.Thisglobalscientificcooperativeisn’tasingleexpedition,butcombinestheeffortsofscientistsworldwideonnumerousresearchtripsoverthecurrentdecade.Amajoraimistogotoplacesscientistshaven’tbeenbefore,andtousethatknowledgetobetterappreciatehowallofsocietybenefitsfromtheocean.Earthhasoneocean,andwealldependonit—notjustthosewhowillgainthemostcommercially.58.WhyistheChallengerexpeditionmentionedinthepassage?

A．Tocomparewithdeep-seaexplorationtools.B．Topointoutitsimperialisticgoals.C．Tohighlightitslastingimpactonmarinescience.D．Tocriticizeitsoutdatedexplorationmethods.59.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconcernintoday’soceandevelopment?

A．Thepersistenceofexploitativemindsets.B．Thedeclineinglobalscientificcooperation.C．Thelackofadvancedtechnologyforseabedmapping.D．Theoveremphasisonprotectingbiodiversity.60.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“animperialisticdesire”(inparagraph3)mostlikelyreferto?

A．Ascientificcuriosityaboutunknownmarinelife.B．Apoliticalstrategytoclaimoceanicterritories.C．AculturalpreferenceforEuropean-ledresearch.D．Adrivetodiscoverandcontrolresourcesforpower.61.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraphs5and6ofthepassage?

A．Thereisacontinuedrelianceontraditionalapproachestooceanexploration.B．Oceanresearchinthefutureshouldprioritizeconservationandsustainableuse.C．Scientistsareincreasinglysupportingtheindustrialexploitationofoceanresources.D．Resourceextractionisjustifiedifitleadstoadvancementsinscientificknowledge.(★★★)InnovationsinFoodProduction:CultivatedMeatInnovatorsintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworldwillsoonbringtomarketnewandtransformativeproductsthathavetheabilitytoreshapeanimalagricultureasweknowit.Consumerswillbeabletopurchasemeatandotheranimal-derivedfoodswithoutsupportingcruel,unclean,andunsafefactoryfarmsandslaughterhouses.Cultivatedmeat—alsoreferredtoasslaughter-freemeatorcell-basedmeat,isjustthat—animalmeatproducedfromanimals’cells,withouthavingtoraiseandkillliving,feelingbeings.62Wedonotneedtorelyonthisflawedindustrialsystem.Cultivatedmeatproductionwillremovetheneedtocrowdthousandsofanimalsintocagesandcrowdedbarns,andofcoursewouldnotrequirebillionsofanimalstobeslaughteredeachyear.Thecellculturingprocess—similartothoseusedinmakingbeerandcheese—canreplacefactoryfarmsandeliminatetheneedtoslaughteranimals.Notonlywillcultivatedmeatproductioncutoutthecrueltyandsufferinginherentinindustrialfactoryfarming,itpromisestodramaticallyreduceenvironmentalimpacts.63Theyplacethesedangeroussubstancesinmassive“lagoons”thatdottheAmericanlandscape.Thesewastelagoonsthreatenthepublichealthandoftenspillovertopollutemilesofwaterwaysandkillcountlesswildanimals.Theselagoonsareentirelyabsentfromcultivatedmeatproduction.Absenttoowouldbethebadsmellsandotherharmfulairpollutantslocalcommunitieshavetoendurethankstofactoryfarms.Andfactoryfarmshavetousehugeamountsofantibioticsandotherdrugstopreventandcontroldiseasebecausetheycrowdstressed,sufferinganimalsbythethousandsintodirtywarehouses.64Everyyearmoreandmoreconsumersarerejectingcruelandunsustainablefactory-farmedproductsanddemandingsomethingbetter.65Andthattrendisonlygainingmomentum.Forexample,datacollectedbythePlantBasedFoodsAssociation(PBFA)founda24%yeartoyeargrowthindemandforplant-basedmeatsin2018!Asinterestinhealthierandmoresustainableoptionstoslaughteredmeatincreases,cultivatedmeatcanstepintohelpmeetthisboomingdemand.

A．Incontrast,cultivatedmeatproductionfacilitieswillprovidesafe,clean,andcontrolledenvironments.B．Factoryfarmsnecessitatethedisposalofanimalwaste,drugs,andchemicals.C．Animalagriculturecausesanimalsuffering,pollutestheenvironment,andthreatenshumanwelfare.D．Whilecultivatedmeatavoidsslaughter,someworryaboutitssensoryqualities.E．Wehaveseendramaticgrowthinthedemandforplant-basedmeatsandmilksinrecentyears.F．Someworrythatscalingupproductionmayrequiresignificantenergy,reducingitsenvironmentaledge.六、书面表达(★★★)66.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheHiddenCostofDigitalDistractionsTheresearcherscarriedoutastudyinwhichpeoplewereaskedtoreadashortpassage,andthenanswerquestionsthattestedtheirunderstandingofwhattheyhadread.Thosewhowereaffectedbydigitaldistractionsduringthetaskperformedjust80