四川省德阳市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省德阳市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试卷第I卷（选择题，共95分）第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AJustundertheradarflymanysmallerParisianmuseumsthatmakespaceforthefantastic,thegrittyandtheunexpected.MuseumoftheHistoryofMedicineThecollectionsexhibitedherearemainlymedicalinstruments,especiallythosefromthe16thtothe19thcentury.Amongthemostprizedartifactsarethesurgical(外科的)knifeusedforLouisXIV’soperationin1686,andthewoodenanatomical(解剖的)modelorderedbyGeneralNapoleonBonaparteinItalyin1796.Opentime:2:00pm—5:30pm,MondaytoSaturday(ClosedonThursday)Duration:1—2hoursCharge:€3.50(Discountprice:£2.50)MuseumofPerfumeThoughit’snotoftenconsideredasessentialassightorsound,scenthasaprofoundeffectonmemory,moodandexperience.TheMuseumofPerfumeisdedicatedtoexploringtheapproachandhistorybehindperfumemaking.Opentime:9:00am—5:30pmDuration:<1hourCharge:freeMuseumofFairgroundArtsTheMuseumofFairgroundArtsismorelikea19th-centurycarnivalthanamuseum.Almosteverything,fromthecuriositycabinetstothemerry-go-rounds,demandsinteraction.Objectscanbetouched,andthere’sapossibilityofplayingwitholdfairgroundattractionsorridingoldmerry-go-roundsoperatedbytheguide.Opentime:11:00am—4:30pmDuration:1—2hoursCharge:€18.8—Adults€12.8—Childrenfrom6to11yearsoldFree—Childrenunder6CurieMuseumItwasonthesiteoftheCurieMuseumthatthefieldofradioactivity(放射性)wasrevolutionized.Initsoriginallaboratory,MarieCuriespent20yearsatworkattheheightofhercareer.Today,thelab,preservedwithsomeofitsoriginalequipmentandarchives,anditsneighboringgalleriestellthestoryoftheCuriefamily’simpactonscienceandthehistoryofradioactivityincancertreatment.Opentime:1:00pm—5:00pm,WednesdaytoSaturdayDuration:<1hourCharge:free1.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheMuseumoftheHistoryofMedicine?A.Admiremedicaltools. B.Makewoodenmodels.C.Domedicalexperiments. D.Watchsurgicaloperations.2.WhatisthechargeforacouplewithababytovisittheMuseumofFairgroundArts?A.€18.8. B.€37.6. C.€50.4. D.€56.4.3.WhatisspecialaboutCurieMuseum?A.It’sfreetoenter. B.It’sopenonweekdays.C.It’sanewly-builtlab. D.It’slinkedtoascientist.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了巴黎四座特色小众博物馆的展品、开放时间、时长及收费等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据MuseumoftheHistoryofMedicine部分中“Thecollectionsexhibitedherearemainlymedicalinstruments,especiallythosefromthe16thtothe19thcentury.(这里展出的藏品主要是医疗器械，特别是16世纪到19世纪的医疗器械)”可知，游客在医学史博物馆可以欣赏医疗工具。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据MuseumofFairgroundArts部分中“Charge:€18.8—Adults,€12.8—Childrenfrom6to11yearsold,Free—Childrenunder6(门票：成人18.8欧元，6至11岁儿童12.8欧元，6岁以下儿童免费)”可知，一对夫妇带一个婴儿参观游乐场艺术博物馆需要支付18.8×2=37.6欧元。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据CurieMuseum部分中“ItwasonthesiteoftheCurieMuseumthatthefieldofradioactivitywasrevolutionized.Initsoriginallaboratory,MarieCuriespent20yearsatworkattheheightofhercareer.(正是在居里博物馆的所在地，放射性领域发生了革命性的变化。在其最初的实验室里，玛丽·居里在她职业生涯的鼎盛时期工作了20年)”可知，居里博物馆的特别之处在于它与一位科学家有关。故选D。BWhatwillyoudowhenoneofthefewbookstoresinyourneighborhoodshutsdown?Ifyou’reLatanyaDeVaughn,youwillmakeanewandimprovedone!Asamomandwriter,shehadalwaysdreamedofopeningherownbookstore,soafterwatchinganothercloseitsdoorsforgood,shesawherchance.WhileLatanyasaideveryneighborhooddeservedabookstore,actuallymakingithappensimplywasn’tpossible.Whatshecameupwithinsteadwastotransformabusintoabookmobile!Withthehelpofhercommunity,sheraisedfundsforherdreamand,attheendof2021,itcametrue!BronxBoundBooksrolledoutinstyleasabuswithorangecubebookshelves.“Peoplelovethewayitsmells,”Latanyaadded.“Onewomansaidthewoodsmellmakesherfeellikeshe’sathome.”Althoughthebookstoreonwheelscarriesaround30,000newandusedbooks,ithasmoreroomthanyoumightexpect!Latanyaalsomakessuretopreparebookswithavarietyofcharacters,soallreaderscanseethemselvesinthepages.Ofcourse,hercollectionalsofeaturesworksoffamousBlackauthorslikeJamesBaldwinandAliceWalker.“It’smeanttobethatway,”sheexplained,“becauseIremembergoingtobookstoresandhavingtolookthroughbooksjusttofindsomeoneIfeltIcouldidentifywith.”Settingupherbookstoreinanewspoteachday,Latanyaisdoingherparttoensurethateveryoneintheneighborhoodwillbeexposedtobooks.That’swhatBronxBoundBooksisfor.“Ican’topenupabookstoreoneverycomer,butIcanprobablypopupontonsofdifferentcomers,”shesaid.ThankstoLatanyaandherBronxBoundBooks,thetownisbecomingaheavenforbookloversdaybyday.I’msurethatthelittlebookstorewillcontinuetodevelopquickly!4.HowdidLatangaDeVoughnrespondtotheshutdownofbookstores?A.Shetookoverandreopenedthemsoon.B.Sheestablishedherownspecialbookstore.C.Sheopenedbookstoresoneveryblock.D.Shecalledonneighborstoopenanewone.5.WhatdoesthementionofJamesBaldwinandAliceWalkershowinparagraph3?A.Latanyacaresforindividualreaders’needs.B.AllreaderscanappreciateBlackauthors.C.Latanyaprovidedbookswithvariouscharacters.D.BronxBoundBookshasunlimitedroom.6.WhyisBronxBoundBooksopen?A.Topromotethelatestbooksintheneighborhood.B.ToraisefundstorealizeLatanyaDeVaughn’sdream.C.Tomakereadingaccessibletopeopleintheneighborhood.D.Tospreadherbookstorestoeverycomeracrosstheworld.7.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofBronxBoundBooks?A.Alarming. B.Affordable. C.Creative. D.Promising.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了LatanyaDeVaughn在附近书店关闭后，将公交车改造成流动书店“BronxBoundBooks”，让邻里更易接触到书籍的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whatwillyoudowhenoneofthefewbookstoresinyourneighborhoodshutsdown?Ifyou’reLatanyaDeVaughn,youwillmakeanewandimprovedone!(当你所在社区仅有的几家书店之一关门时，你会怎么做?如果你是LatanyaDeVaughn，你会打造一家全新且更好的书店!)”和第二段中“Whatshecameupwithinsteadwastotransformabusintoabookmobile!(相反，她想出的办法是把一辆公交车改造成流动书店!)”可知，LatanyaDeVaughn对书店关闭的回应是建立了自己独特的书店。故选B项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Latanyaalsomakessuretopreparebookswithavarietyofcharacters,soallreaderscanseethemselvesinthepages.Ofcourse,hercollectionalsofeaturesworksoffamousBlackauthorslikeJamesBaldwinandAliceWalker.(Latanya还确保准备有各种角色的书籍，这样所有读者都能在书中看到自己的影子。当然，她的藏书还收录了詹姆斯·鲍德温和艾丽斯·沃克等著名黑人作家的作品)”可推知，提到詹姆斯·鲍德温和艾丽斯·沃克是为了说明Latanya考虑到了不同读者的需求，关心个体读者的需求。故选A项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Settingupherbookstoreinanewspoteachday,Latanyaisdoingherparttoensurethateveryoneintheneighborhoodwillbeexposedtobooks.That’swhatBronxBoundBooksisfor.(Latanya每天在一个新的地方开设她的书店，她在尽自己的一份力量确保社区里的每个人都能接触到书籍。这就是‘BronxBoundBooks’存在的意义)”可知，“BronxBoundBooks”的开设是为了让社区里的人能够更容易接触到书籍。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThankstoLatanyaandherBronxBoundBooks,thetownisbecomingaheavenforbookloversdaybyday.I’msurethatthelittlebookstorewillcontinuetodevelopquickly!(多亏了Latanya和她的‘BronxBoundBooks’，这个小镇正日益成为爱书人的天堂。我相信这家小书店会继续快速发展!)”可知，作者认为小书店会继续快速发展，所以他认为“BronxBoundBooks”很有发展前景。故选D项。CTheriseoftherobotshasraisedthepossibilityofafuturewherethereissimplylesswokforhumanstodo.Totiredofficeworkers,aworldwhereweallhaveabitmoreleisuretimesoundsrathernice.Yetwhatreallymattersishowworkwillbedistributed(分配)acrosstheworkforce.Therecentpastshowsthereisnoreasontobelieveitwillbeevenly(均衡地)spread.ThelengthoftheaverageworkingweekintheUKhasdeclinedsteadilyfromabout59hoursinthemid-19thcenturyto32hoursin2009.Butaverageshidealot.Whiletrendsamongwomenhavebeenstable,therehavebeenbigshiftsamongmen.Malesinwell-paidfull-timeemploymentarenowworkingslightlylongerhoursonaveragethantwodecadesago.Meanwhile,meninfull-timeemploymentatthebottomofthewageladderareworkingmuchless.Ontopofthat,thenumberoflow-paidmenwhoworkpart-timehasincreasedsharply.Twentyyearsago,onein20menwithlowhourlywagesworkedpart-time;todayitisoneinfive.AnalysisbytheInstituteforFiscalStudiesshowsthisphenomenonisonlyhappeningamongthelow-paid.Inbetter-payingjobs,part-timemenarestillfairlyrare.Genderroleswithinfamiliesmighttendtobesimilartoo.Low-paidmenmaybechoosingtoshouldermorechildcareresponsibilitiessotheirpartnerscanreturntowork.Yetitisclearthatthedistributionofworkwillmattertopeople.Britainhasbothoveremploymentandunderemploymentproblems:officialdatashow3.4millionpeopleinBritainwanttoworkmorehourswhile3.2millionwanttoworkfewhoursforlesspay.Theunderemployedarelikelytobewaitersorcleaners.Theoveremployedaremostlikelytobedoctorsorchiefexecutives.Thisindicatesaneconomywheredemandandsupplyofskillsareoutofsync.Nobodyknowsforsurehowthenextwaveofautomationwillshakeupdemandfordifferentskills.Perhapsdoctorswillgainthefreetimetheydesire.Othersmightfindthemselvesingreaterdemand.Itseemslikelythatinthefuture—asnow—therewillbetoomuchworkforsome,andtoolittleforothers.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Humanswillridalltiringworksoon.B.Futureworktimewillbedistributedevenly.C.Theaveragesmaynotindicatefewerworkinghours.D.TheaverageworkinghoursintheUKhasincreasedsteadily.9.WhatdoestheanalysisbyInstituteforFiscalStudiesshow?A.Low-paidmenaretoblameforthelowemployment.B.Part-timemenhaveincreasedonlyamongthelow-paid.C.Morewell-paidmenarechoosingtoworkpart-time.D.Part-timemenrarelyshoulderchildcareresponsibilities.10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“outofsync”meaninparagraph5?A.Insignificant. B.Unconnected. C.Undoubted. D.Imbalanced.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Morelow-paidmenworkpart-time.B.Robotshascausedsmalleramountofhumanlabor.C.Betterworkforcetrainingsystemswillbebuiltworldwide.D.Robotscontributetounevendistributionacrosstheworkforce.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了机器人技术的发展对人类工作分配的影响，指出未来可能出现的工作不均衡分布现象。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“ThelengthoftheaverageworkingweekintheUKhasdeclinedsteadilyfromabout59hoursinthemid-19thcenturyto32hoursin2009.Butaverageshidealot.(在英国，平均每周工作时间从19世纪中期的59小时稳步下降到2009年的32小时。但是平均数隐藏了很多东西)”可知，平均每周工作时间未能真实反映工作时长情况。由此可知，平均值可能并不意味着工作时间减少。故选C项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ontopofthat,thenumberoflow-paidmenwhoworkpart-timehasincreasedsharply.Twentyyearsago,onein20menwithlowhourlywagesworkedpart-time;todayitisoneinfive.AnalysisbytheInstituteforFiscalStudiesshowsthisphenomenonisonlyhappeningamongthelow-paid.(最重要的是，从事兼职工作的低收入男性数量急剧增加。20年前，每20个工资较低的男性中就有一个从事兼职工作；如今，这一比例为五分之一。英国财政研究所的分析显示，这种现象只发生在低收入人群中)”可知，该分析表明兼职男性人数增加只出现在低薪人群中。故选B项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。画线词的上文“Britainhasbothoveremploymentandunderemploymentproblems:officialdatashow3.4millionpeopleinBritainwanttoworkmorehourswhile3.2millionwanttoworkfewhoursforlesspay.Theunderemployedarelikelytobewaitersorcleaners.Theoveremployedaremostlikelytobedoctorsorchiefexecutives.(英国同时存在着就业过度和就业不足的问题：官方数据显示，英国有340万人希望增加工作时间，320万人希望少工作几小时，少拿工资。未充分就业的人很可能是服务员或清洁工。就业过度的人最有可能是医生或首席执行官)”提到英国存在就业过度和就业不足的问题，两大人群对工作时间的期望截然相反。画线词所在句是对上文进行总结，这说明技能的需求和供给是不平衡的，画线词意思应该是“不同步，不平衡”，与D项“Imbalanced(不平衡的)”意思相符。A.Insignificant不重要的；B.Unconnected无关联的；C.Undoubted毫无疑问的。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Yetwhatreallymattersishowworkwillbedistributed(分配)acrosstheworkforce.(然而，真正重要的是工作将如何在劳动力中分配)”、第二段中“Therecentpastshowsthereisnoreasontobelieveitwillbeevenly(均衡地)spread.(最近的历史表明，没有理由相信它会均匀分布)”和最后一段中“Itseemslikelythatinthefuture—asnow—therewillbetoomuchworkforsome,andtoolittleforothers.(很可能在未来——就像现在一样——一些人的工作太多，而另一些人的工作太少)”可知，文章开篇提到机器人兴起引发对未来人类工作及工作分配的思考，接着通过英国工作周时长变化、不同收入男性工作情况、就业过度和不足等现象，说明工作分配不均衡，最后指出未来自动化浪潮下工作分配仍将不均衡。因此，整体围绕机器人导致劳动力工作分配不均衡展开。故选D项。DYouprobablyknowthefeelingofhavingaheartymealatarestaurant,fullandsatisfied,butonlytakealookatthedessertmenuandyoudecidethecheesecakelooksjustirresistible.Whydoyousomehowmakeanexceptionforasweettreat,sinceyouaretoofulltohaveanotherbite?Thankstoarecentstudy,scientistsnowhaveabetterunderstandingoftheoriginsofthisurge.Workingwithmice,researcherstriedtosetupasituationsimilartothehumanexperiencedescribedabove.Theystartedbyofferingastandarddiettomicewhohadn’teatensincethepreviousday.That“meal”periodlastedfor90minutes,andthemiceateuntiltheycouldn’teatanymore.Thenitwastimefora30-minute“dessert”period.Inthefirstroundoftheexperiment,researchersofferedmiceextraregularfoodfordessert,andthemiceatejustalittlebitmore.Inthesecondround,duringthe“dessert”period,theyofferedahigh-sugarfeedtothemicefor30minutes.Themicereallywentforthesugaryfeed,consumingsixtimesmorecaloriesthaninthefirstround.Inthemice,researchersmonitoredtheactivityofneurons(神经元)thatareassociatedwithfeelingsoffullness.Theyfoundthatwhenthemicewereeatingthehighsugardiet,theneuronsreleasedachemicalwhichwasrelatedtopleasuresensorsintheirbrainandcausedafeelingofreward,makingthemicekeepeating.Whentheteamblockedthereleaseofthechemical,themicestayedawayfromthesugar.Theresearchersfoundthesamewentforhumanswhenscanningthebrainsofvolunteers,whowerefedsugardrinks.Thisledthescientiststoconcludethattheneuronactioninthehumanbraindrivestheconsumptionofhigh-sugarfoods.Researcherssaythefollow-upstudiesonthisneuralrewardsystemcouldthrowlightonhowsugaroverconsumptionmaycontributetothedevelopmentofobesity.12.Whydidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Totestnewdietsformice B.Toimprovedessertquality.C.Tohelppeopleeathealthily. D.Toexplaintheurgeforsweets.13.WhatdoesParagraph2tellusabouttheresearch?A.Theprocess. B.Theresult C.Thebasis. D.Thesubject.14.Whatmayleadtohumans’sugaroverconsumption?A.Thefeelingofbeingfull. B.Theblockingofcertainneurons.C.Thereleaseofachemical. D.Thepresenceofpleasuresensors.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.WhatMakesMicePreferSugar B.WhyThere’sAlwaysRoomforSugarC.HowWeResisttheTemptationofSugar D.WhetherConsumingSugarCausesObesity【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究解释人饱餐后仍想吃甜食的原因：实验显示高糖食物激活相关神经元释放化学物质，带来愉悦奖励，驱动继续进食，后续研究或助于了解肥胖。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whydoyousomehowmakeanexceptionforasweettreat,sinceyouaretoofulltohaveanotherbite?Thankstoarecentstudy,scientistsnowhaveabetterunderstandingoftheoriginsofthisurge.(为什么你会例外地给自己来一份甜食呢？毕竟你已经吃得太饱了，根本吃不下第二口了。多亏了最近的一项研究，科学家们现在对这种欲望的起源有了更深入的了解)”可知，研究人员开展这项研究是为了解释对甜食的渴望。故选D。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Workingwithmice,researcherstriedtosetupasituationsimilartothehumanexperiencedescribedabove.Theystartedbyofferingastandarddiettomicewhohadn’teatensincethepreviousday.That“meal”periodlastedfor90minutes,andthemiceateuntiltheycouldn’teatanymore.Thenitwastimefora30-minute“dessert”period.Inthefirstroundoftheexperiment,researchersofferedmiceextraregularfoodfordessert,andthemiceatejustalittlebitmore.Inthesecondround,duringthe“dessert”period,theyofferedahigh-sugarfeedtothemicefor30minutes.Themicereallywentforthesugaryfeed,consumingsixtimesmorecaloriesthaninthefirstround.(研究人员以老鼠为实验对象，试图营造出与上述人类经历相似的情境。他们首先给那些自前一天起就未进食的老鼠提供常规食物。这一“进食”阶段持续了90分钟，老鼠会一直进食直到再也吃不下为止。接下来是30分钟的“甜点”阶段。在第一轮实验中，研究人员为老鼠提供了额外的常规食物作为“甜点”，老鼠的进食量只是比第一轮多了一点点。在第二轮实验中，在“甜点”阶段，他们给老鼠提供了一种高糖食物，持续30分钟。老鼠真的对这种高糖食物情有独钟，摄入的热量是第一轮的六倍)”可知，第二段向我们介绍了这项研究的研究过程。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theyfoundthatwhenthemicewereeatingthehighsugardiet,theneuronsreleasedachemicalwhichwasrelatedtopleasuresensorsintheirbrainandcausedafeelingofreward,makingthemicekeepeating.Whentheteamblockedthereleaseofthechemical,themicestayedawayfromthesugar.Theresearchersfoundthesamewentforhumanswhenscanningthebrainsofvolunteers,whowerefedsugardrinks.Thisledthescientiststoconcludethattheneuronactioninthehumanbraindrivestheconsumptionofhigh-sugarfoods.(他们发现，当老鼠食用高糖饮食时，其神经元会释放一种与大脑中的愉悦感受器相关的化学物质，从而引发一种奖赏感，使老鼠持续进食。当研究团队阻止这种化学物质的释放时，老鼠便不再靠近糖源。当研究人员对接受含糖饮料的志愿者的大脑进行扫描时，也发现了同样的情况。这使得科学家们得出结论：人类大脑中的神经元活动驱动着对高糖食物的摄入)”可知，导致人类过度摄入糖分的原因可能是一种化学物质的释放。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whydoyousomehowmakeanexceptionforasweettreat,sinceyouaretoofulltohaveanotherbite?Thankstoarecentstudy,scientistsnowhaveabetterunderstandingoftheoriginsofthisurge.(为什么你会例外地给自己来一份甜食呢？毕竟你已经吃得太饱了，根本吃不下第二口了。多亏了最近的一项研究，科学家们现在对这种欲望的起源有了更深入的了解)”结合文章主要说明了研究解释人饱餐后仍想吃甜食的原因：实验显示高糖食物激活相关神经元释放化学物质，带来愉悦奖励，驱动继续进食，后续研究或助于了解肥胖。可知，B选项“为什么总有吃糖的余地？”最符合文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。KeepYourHeadUp:RespondingtoYourDeskmate’sAcademicEdgeInhighschool,it’scommontofeelabitdownwhenyourdeskmateseemstobeoutperformingyou.____16____.Thefollowingtipscanhelpturnthetoughsituationintoastrongforceforpersonalgrowth.Shiftyourmindset.Insteadofseeingyourdeskmate’sachievementsasapersonalfailure,viewthemasasourceofinspiration.Theirsuccessisatestamenttowhatcanbeachievedthroughhardworkanddedication.Take,forexample,yourdeskmatewhogetsallA’sinmathtests.____17____.Seehowheorshetakesnotes,reviewsmaterials,andapproachesdifficultproblems.Youmightfindvaluablestrategiestoapplytoyourownstudies.____18____.Maybeyou’renotasgoodatmathasyourdeskmate,butyoushineinliteratureorart.Setsmall,achievablegoalsforyourself.Ifyou’vebeenstrugglingwithwritingessays,aimtoimproveyourwritingbyoneaspecteachtime,likeorganizingyourthoughtsmoreclearlyorusingmorevividvocabulary.Celebrateyoursmallvictoriesalongtheway,astheyarethebuildingblocksofbigsuccess.Buildapositiverelationshipwithyourdeskmate.Insteadoffeelingenviousorresentful,befriendthem.Afriendlydeskmatecanbeanexcellentstudypartner.Youcanshareideas,discussdifficulttopics,andevenhavehealthystudycompetitions.Forexample,youcouldhaveaweeklyquizonthecontentyou’recurrentlylearninginaparticularsubject.____19____.Inconclusion,havingahigh-achievingdeskmateisnotacursebutablessing.____20____.Thenyouaresupposedtotransformthisverygapintoapowerfulmotivator.So,holdyourheadhigh,keepstriving,andmakethemostofthisincredibleopportunityforgrowththatyourdeskmatepresents.A.FocusonmakingyourownprogressB.Butdon’tletthisfeelingholdyoubackC.Don’tbediscouragedbyhisorhersuccessD.RecognizethedifferencesbetweenyouandyourdeskmateE.Insteadoffeelingdiscouraged,observehisorherstudyhabitsF.However,somestudentschoosetoignoretheirdeskmates’progressG.Thiscanmakestudyingmorefunandpushyoubothtodobetteraswell【答案】16.B17.E18.A19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对高中时期同桌在学习上表现更出色时，自己可能会感到沮丧的情况，提出了一些建议，包括转变心态、关注自身进步、与同桌建立积极关系等，旨在将这种困境转化为个人成长的动力。【16题详析】根据空前“Inhighschool,it’scommontofeelabitdownwhenyourdeskmateseemstobeoutperformingyou.(在高中，当你的同桌似乎比你表现更好时，感到有点沮丧是很常见的。)”以及空后“Thefollowingtipscanhelpturnthetoughsituationintoastrongforceforpersonalgrowth.(以下技巧可以帮助将这种困境转化为个人成长的强大动力。)”可知，空前描述了因同桌表现好而感到沮丧的常见现象，空后则引出解决办法，此空需要一个过渡句，承接前文的负面情绪并引出积极应对的态度。B选项“Butdon’tletthisfeelingholdyouback(但不要让这种感觉阻碍你)”中的“thisfeeling”指代前文的“feelabitdown”，且通过转折引出积极态度，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详析】根据空前“Take,forexample,yourdeskmatewhogetsallA’sinmathtests.(例如，你的同桌在数学考试中全得A。)”以及空后“Seehowheorshetakesnotes,reviewsmaterials,andapproachesdifficultproblems.(看看他或她如何记笔记、复习材料以及解决难题。)”可知，此处以数学全A的同桌为例，空后讲观察其学习方法，所以空处应体现不要因对方成功而沮丧，转而观察其习惯。E选项“Insteadoffeelingdiscouraged,observehisorherstudyhabits(不要感到沮丧，而要观察他或她的学习习惯)”符合上下文逻辑，承上启下。故选E项。【18题详析】分析语篇结构，此处应为段落小标题，与其他小标题格式一致（祈使句）。根据空后“Maybeyou’renotasgoodatmathasyourdeskmate,butyoushineinliteratureorart.Setsmall,achievablegoalsforyourself.Ifyou’vebeenstrugglingwithwritingessays,aimtoimproveyourwritingbyoneaspecteachtime,likeorganizingyourthoughtsmoreclearlyorusingmorevividvocabulary.(或许你在数学方面不如同桌擅长，但你在文学或艺术领域却闪闪发光。为自己设定一些微小且可达成的目标吧。如果你在写作文时一直感到吃力，那就每次从一个方面着手提升写作能力，比如更清晰地组织思路，或者使用更生动的词汇。)”可知，本段强调关注自身优势和进步，设定个人目标。A选项“Focusonmakingyourownprogress(专注于自己的进步)”能概括本段主旨，且为祈使句，符合小标题特征。故选A项。【19题详析】根据空前“Forexample,youcouldhaveaweeklyquizonthecontentyou’recurrentlylearninginaparticularsubject.(例如，你们可以每周就当前学习的某一科目内容进行一次小测验。)”可知，此处举例说明与同桌进行健康的学习竞赛，空处应说明这种做法的好处。G选项“Thiscanmakestudyingmorefunandpushyoubothtodobetteraswell(这可以让学习更有趣，也能促使你们俩都学得更好)”说明了该做法的积极效果，符合语境。故选G项。【20题详析】根据空后“Thenyouaresupposedtotransformthisverygapintoapowerfulmotivator.(然后你应该把这个差距转化为强大的动力。)”可知，空处应提到“差距”的相关内容，即认识到自己与同桌的不同之处。D选项“Recognizethedifferencesbetweenyouandyourdeskmate(认识到你和同桌之间的差异)”中的“differences”与后文的“gap”相呼应，且为“转化差距”的前提，符合逻辑。故选D项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnedayinMay,Iwenttothedentistformyroutinecleaning.Thedentistwasfriendlyasusual.Aftermycleaning,Ivisitedtherestroombefore___21___myothertasksfortheday.AsIcameoutoftherestroom,Iwas___22___awarethatitwasextremely___23___anddark.Atfirst,Ithoughttheremusthavebeenapower___24___.Isteppedforwardand___25___agentle“hello”.Noresponse.Irealizedthestaffhadlikelygonetolunch.WhenIwenttothehall,Ifoundthatthedoorofthehallwouldn’topen.Itriedafewtimes,butitwas___26___tight.Ifeltasenseof___27___,butItoldmyselfitwasn’tarealemergency.SoIswitchedonthelight,satonthecouch,andstartedlookingthroughphotoalbumsofpeoplewithdifferentteeth.AsIturnedthepages,Ibeganto___28___aboutthenatureofasmile.Iknewpeoplesaidthe___29___werethewindowstothesoul.Whataboutasmile?Inoticedthatpeoplesaidsmile____30____theirself-confidencedramatically.Ithoughtabouthowasmileworks.Asmilecanlightenthe____31____ofthereceiverifthey’rereceptive.Nearlyanhourandahalf____32____.Whenthe____33____openedthedoor,heapologizedtomeforlockingthedoor.ButIsaiditwasagoodchancetothinkaboutsmiles.Irealizedthattheinconveniencecanturnintoa(n)____34____opportunityifweremainopentoit.Asignboardonthewallread:“Asmileisoverina____35____,butthememoryofitlastsalifetime.”21.A.givingup B.lookingfor C.startingon D.puttingoff22.A.gradually B.immediately C.finally D.occasionally23.A.noisy B.quiet C.cold D.hot24.A.supply B.failure C.station D.tool25.A.told B.cried C.whispered D.mentioned26.A.fixed B.repaired C.stuck D.locked27.A.excitement B.relaxation C.panic D.shock28.A.worry B.talk C.learn D.wonder29.A.legs B.ears C.eyes D.arms30.A.improved B.destroyed C.reduced D.shook31.A.burden B.color C.mood D.room32.A.came B.ran C.passed D.lost33.A.cleaner B.receptionist C.customer D.dentist34.A.common B.regular C.ordinary D.unusual35.A.memory B.flash C.soul D.lifetime【答案】21.C22.B23.B24.B25.C26.D27.C28.D29.C30.A31.C32.C33.D34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在牙医诊所意外被锁，却从中领悟到微笑的力量和积极面对不便的态度。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：清洁完牙齿后，在去开始我当天的其他任务之前，我去了趟洗手间。A.givingup放弃；B.lookingfor寻找；C.startingon开始；D.puttingoff推迟。根据下文“myothertasksfortheday”以及语境可知，作者在开始其他任务之前去了洗手间。故选C。【22题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我从洗手间出来时，我立刻意识到周围极其安静且黑暗。A.gradually逐渐地；B.immediately立刻；C.finally最后；D.occasionally偶尔。根据下文“awarethatitwasextremely______anddark.”以及常识可知，作者从洗手间出来，立刻感觉到周围环境变黑暗了。故选B。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我从洗手间出来时，我立刻意识到周围极其安静且黑暗。A.noisy吵闹的；B.quiet安静的；C.cold冷的；D.hot热的。根据下文“Isteppedforwardand______agentle“hello”.Noresponse.Irealizedthestaffhadlikelygonetolunch.”可知，工作人员都外出了，所以此处表示周围很安静。故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我以为一定是停电了。A.supply供应；B.failure故障，失败；C.station车站；D.tool工具。根据上文“Iwas______awarethatitwasextremely______anddark.”可知，作者感觉到黑暗之后，起初认为是停电导致的，powerfailure表示“停电”。故选B。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向前走，轻声说了句“你好”。A.told告诉；B.cried哭；C.whispered低语，轻声说；D.mentioned提及。根据下文“agentle“hello”.”可知，作者说话声音很轻，所以此处使用动词whisper，表示“轻声说”。故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试了好几次，但门就是紧紧锁着。A.fixed固定；B.repaired修理；C.stuck卡住；D.locked锁。根据下文“heapologizedtomeforlockingthedoor.”可知，门是锁着的。故选D。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到一阵恐慌，但我告诉自己这不是真正的紧急情况。A.excitement兴奋；B.relaxation放松；C.panic恐慌；D.shock震惊。根据上文“WhenIwenttothehall,Ifoundthatthedoorofthehallwouldn’topen.Itriedafewtimes,butitwas______tight.”可知，作者被锁在牙医诊所，门打不开，这会让人感到恐慌。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我翻页时，我开始思考微笑的本质。A.worry担心；B.talk谈论；C.learn学习；D.wonder思考，想知道。根据下文“aboutthenatureofasmile”以及下文“ButIsaiditwasagoodchancetothinkaboutsmiles.”可知，此处表示作者开始思考微笑的本质。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道人们说眼睛是心灵的窗户。A.legs腿；B.ears耳朵；C.eyes眼睛；D.arms手臂。根据下文“werethewindowstothesoul.”以及常识可知，眼睛是心灵的窗户。故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到人们说微笑能极大地提升他们的自信心。A.improved提升；B.destroyed破坏；C.reduced减少；D.shook摇晃。根据下文“theirself-confidencedramatically.”以及“Asmilecanlightenthe______ofthereceiverifthey’rereceptive.”可知，此处在讲述微笑的作用——微笑能提升自信心。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果接收者愿意接受，微笑可以减轻他们的情绪负担。A.burden负担；B.color颜色；C.mood情绪；D.room房间。根据上文“Asmilecanlightenthe”以及语境可知，微笑能减轻接收者的情绪负担。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：将近一个半小时过去了。A.came来；B.ran跑；C.passed过去；D.lost丢失。根据上文“Nearlyanhourandahalf”可知，此处表示时间过去。故选C。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当牙医打开门时，他为锁门的事向我道歉。A.cleaner清洁工；B.receptionist接待员；C.customer顾客；D.dentist牙医。根据上文“OnedayinMay,Iwenttothedentistformyroutinecleaning.”以及下文“openedthedoor,heapologizedtomeforlockingthedoor.”可知，作者被锁在了牙医的诊所，所以此处应该是牙医打开了门。故选D。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，如果我们保持开放的心态，不便可以转化为不寻常的机会。A.common普通的；B.regular规律的；C.ordinary平常的；D.unusual不寻常的。根据上文“Irealizedthattheinconveniencecanturninto”可知，不便可以转化为不寻常的机会。故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：墙上的招牌写着：“微笑转瞬即逝，但它的记忆却能持续一生。”A.memory记忆；B.flash闪光，瞬间；C.soul灵魂；D.lifetime一生。根据下文“butthememoryofit