(英语)高一英语阅读理解技巧小结及练习题

（英语）高一英语阅读理解技巧小结及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解

TheUniversityofBirminghamisthefirstexcellentUKRussellGroupuniversitytoannouncethatitwillacceptthe"Gaokao"examforhigh-flyingChinesestudentswishingtojoinitsundergraduatecoursesin2019.

Highschoolstudentswhocompletethe"NationalHigherEducationEntranceExamination",orGaokao,withtopgradeswillbeabletoapplyfordirectentryontoBirminghamdegreeprogrammeswithoutfirstcompletingafoundationyearwhichisaroutineforthefreshman.

Gaokaoisusuallytakenbystudentsintheirlastyearofseniorhighschooland,everyyear,eachprovinceinChinasetsthegradesrequiredtogainadmissiontoitsuniversities.ItisusuallyheldacrossChinainearlyJune.

StudentsaretestedinChinese,Mathematics,aForeignLanguageandsocialsciencesornaturalsciences.

UniversityofBirminghamVice-ChancellorProfessorSirDavidEastwoodsaid:"TheUniversityofBirminghamhasbeenchallenginganddevelopinggreatmindsformorethanacentury.WewelcomepeoplefromaroundtheglobetostudyatBirminghamandChinesestudentsformanintegralpartofoureducationandresearchcommunity.WearefurtheropeningaccesstoBirmingham'swealthofeducationopportunitiesforthebrightestandmostdedicatedChinesestudentsbyacceptingthisstrictandimportantqualification.Ilookforwardtowelcomingthesehigh-flyingstudentstotheUniversityofBirmingham."

GaokaoisincreasinglyacceptedbyuniversitiesinAustralia,theUSA,CanadaandmainlandEurope.Birminghamwillonlybeconsideringhighqualitystudentswhoachieveaminimum80%GaokaoscoreandmeetadditionalacademicandEnglishlanguagerequirements.

ProfessorJonFrampton,DirectoroftheUniversityofBirmingham'sChinaInstitutesaid:"TheUniversityofBirminghamhasalonghistoryofeducatingstudentsfromChinaandoneofourmostfamousgraduatesisLiSiguang-thefoundingfatherofChinesegeology.IamdelightedthattheUniversityisnowacceptingtheGaokao.ThisgivesthebrightestandbestChinesestudentsanopportunitytomovestraightintothefirstyearofourundergraduateprogrammesandexperiencethebenefitsofstudyingataglobalTop100university,suchasBirmingham."（1）WhatdoChinesestudentshavetodotoentertheUniversityofBirminghambefore2019?A.

Gothroughafoundationyear.B.

PrepareBirminghamdegreeprogrammes.C.

Acquiretherighttopermanentresidency.D.

Scoreover800%oftheuniversity'squalificationexamination.（2）Whoistheannouncementintendedfor?A.

TheforeignstudentsinChina.

B.

AllpeoplelivingintheUK.C.

ThestudentsoftheUK.

D.

Chinesestudents.（3）Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"integral"underlinedinparagraph3?A.

Complete.

B.

Necessary.

C.

Indifferent.

D.

Unimportant.（4）Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.

Theintroductiontothe"Gaokao"ofChina.B.

ThehistoryoftheUniversityofBirmingham.C.

Thehighqualitystudentsacceptedbytopuniversities.D.

TheUniversityofBirmingham'sadmissiontoGaokao.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了世界一流大学——英国伯明翰大学从2019年起开始承认中国高考成绩，为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。（1）细节理解题。第一段倒数第一句“withtopgradeswillbeabletoapplyfordirectentryontoBirminghamdegreeprogrammeswithoutfirstcompletingafoundationyearwhichisaroutineforthefreshman.”可知在伯明翰大学承认高考成绩之前，中国学生需要进行一年的预科学习之后才能进入专业课程学习。故答案选A。（2）推理判断题。第一段第一句“TheUniversityofBirminghamisthefirstexcellentUKRussellGroupuniversitytoannouncethatitwillacceptthe"Gaokao"examforhigh-flyingChinesestudentswishingtojoinits.undergraduatecoursesin2019.”可知伯明翰大学的通告主要针对中国学生发布的。故答案选D。（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段划线部分句子“WewelcomepeoplefromaroundtheglobetostudyatBirminghamandChinesestudentsformanintegralpartofoureducationandresearchcommunity.”句意：我们欢迎来自世界各地的人们来伯明翰学习，中国学生是我们教育和研究领域不可或缺的一部分。可知integral意思为“不可或缺的”，故答案选B。（4）主旨大意题。本文介绍了世界一流大学——英国伯明翰大学从2019年起开始承认中国高考成绩，为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。即伯明翰大学对高考成绩的承认，故答案选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Theyhavebeatenusatchess,andnowcomputersaretakingastepintoaveryhumanterritory:thereadingcomprehensiontest,whichschoolchildreneverywherearesuffering.

Alibabasaiditsartificialresearchoutperformedmeremortals(凡人)inaglobalreadingtestthatseeksanswerstosuchpressingquestionsas"whatwasNikolaTesla'sethnicity?"and"howbigistheAmazonrainforest?"

LuoSireferredtothemachines'victoryas"amilestone".Hesaidthetechnologyhasmanyuses,fromcustomerservicetomuseumtutorialstomedicalenquires-someofwhicharealreadybeinghandledbychatbots(聊天机器人)globally.

Inthetest,companiessubjectedtheirartificialintelligencesystemstoqueriesfromtheStanfordQuestionAnsweringDataset,whichassessedreadingcomprehension.Thecomputers'answerswerecomparedagainstaveragehumanresponsesandranked.

TyingintopplacewereMicrosoft,theUSsoftwaregiant,andAlibaba,theChinesetechgroupthatbeganwithecommerceand--likeitspeersathomeandabroad---isploughingmorefundsintoAI,muchofitviaitsresearcharm.

WhileMicrosoftandAlibabawonbytheslimmestofmargins---ataccuracylevelsafewbasispointsabovehumans'82.3percentinprovidingexactmatchestoquestions--thetieprovidedafittingsymboloftheAIarmsracebetweentheUSandChina.

Chinaaimstouseitsvasttroves(宝库)ofdata,collectedfromits1.4billionpopulationincluding730millionwhoareonline,anddeeppocketstoovertaketheUSincreatinga$150billionindustrythatisseenasthenextindustrialrevolution.AIisalreadybeingharnessedineverythingfromdriverlesscarstocustomisingnewsfeeds.

WhileChina'sdriveisbeingspearheadedbygovernment,itiscultivatinghomegrowntechgiantsincludingBaidu,AlibabaandTencenttoleapaheadoftheUS.

BaidumadeanearlybetonAI,andisleadingitsrivalsinautonomousdriving.Tencent,whichboastsjustshyof1billionmonthlyactiveusersonitssocialmediaWeChatapp,andAlibabahaveadoptedAIinoperationssuchascustomizingnewsandads,andareinvestinginnewfields.（1）WhatdoesLuoSithinkofAl'sperformanceinreadingcomprehension?A.Hefeelsfrightenedatit.B.Hehassomedoubtsaboutit.C.Hethinkshighlyofit.D.Heconsidersitworthatry.（2）HowdidthereadingtestcarryonforAl?A.Byallowingthemtointeractwithhumans.B.Byaskingthemtoanswerquestions.C.Bygivingthemquestionstoanalyze.D.Bymakingthemcompetewithchatbots.（3）WhatdoesChinadependontoleadinAl?A.Thenewindustrialrevolution.B.Thehugemarketof$150billionindustryinvestment.C.Massivedatafromits1.4billionpopulationandhugeamountsoftreasure.D.ThecooperationbetweenChinesegovernmentandMicrosoft.（4）InwhichfielddoesBaidudobetterthanitsrivals?A.Themedicalenquires.B.Thecustomerservice.C.Customernewsfeeds.D.Thedriverlesscars.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能的发展。（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段“LuoSireferredtothemachines'victoryas‘amilestone’.Hesaidthetechnologyhasmanyuses,fromcustomerservicetomuseumtutorialstomedicalenquires-someofwhicharealreadybeinghandledbychatbots(聊天机器人)

globally.”可知司罗把机器取得的这个胜利称为一个里程碑，称该技术有很多用途，从客户服务、博物馆讲解，到医疗查询，其中一些在全球范围已经由聊天机器人处理。他对人工智能评价很高，所以选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段“Inthetest,companiessubjectedtheirartificialintelligencesystemstoqueriesfromtheStanfordQuestionAnsweringDataset,whichassessedreadingcomprehension.Thecomputers'answerswerecomparedagainstaveragehumanresponsesandranked.”可知通过问问题，回答问题来检测人工智能，所以选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“Chinaaimstouseitsvasttroves（宝库）ofdata,collectedfromits1.4billionpopulationincluding730millionwhoareonline,anddeeppocketstoovertaketheUSincreatinga$150billionindustrythatisseenasthenextindustrialrevolution.”可知中国力求利用来自其14亿人口（其中有7.3亿上网）的海量数据和雄厚财力，在创建被视为下一场工业革命的1500亿美元产业方面超越美国。故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“BaidumadeanearlybetonAI,andisleadingitsrivalsinautonomousdriving.”可知百度在无人驾驶汽车的

技术方面领先其他竞争对手，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Osaka,Japan—DefendingchampionsChinaliftedtheFIVBWomen'sVolleyballWorldCuptrophy(奖杯)withperfect11straightwinsaftereasingpastArgentina3-0hereonSunday.Withtheireleventhwinatthe2019FIVBVolleyballWomen'sWorldCup,ChinawontheFIVBWomen'sVolleyballWorldCup.

Thisyear,theWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferentcities,andTeamChinahadtrainingsessionsevenontravelingdayswhensomeparticipatingteamschosetorestupafteratiringflight."CoachLangfocusesondetailsofthetechniqueinthetrainingsessions,andIfeelourteamhasbecomemorebalanced."CaptainZhuTingsaid.ThisfirmapproachexplainshowChinamanagedtoturnthetableagainsttheUnitedStatesattheWorldCup.Neverquit,especiallyinadversity.That'swhatthespiritofChinesewomen'svolleyballmeans.

Whentheteamstruggled,Zhuwasalwaysthere,doingwhateverwasneededtocarrytheteamforward.That'swhyshehasbecomeanationalvolleyballicon,justlike"IronHammer"Lang.AsforLang,shetookovertheflagfromherformercoachYuanWeimin,whowasbehindChina'sriseinthebeginning.FromcoachYuantocoachLang,andspiker(主攻手)LangtospikerZhu,theflagbearersmayhavechangedovertime,butthecravingforchampionshipsandthesteelydesireanddeterminationremainthesame.

Volleyballisateamsportandbehindtheon-courtteamthereisalwaysasupportivecoachingteamandstaff.Laiwasoneofthemembers,shoulderingresponsibilitiesasbothvicedirectorofChina'sVolleyballManagementCenterandasassistantcoach.Apartfromcoordinatingbetweencoachesandplayers,ChinesecoachesandforeigncoachesandsometimeswithinChinesecoaches,shealsohastodochores.DuringRio2016,assistantcoachYuanLingxiheadedforthearena（竞技场）at6ameverydaytofilmthematchesandwouldreturntotheOlympicVillageat2amwhenhewouldstartanalyzingChina'sopponentsandfilereports.TherearemanyLaisandYuansthatarenotknownbythepublic,butwhoremainindispensablefortheteamtoovercomedifficultiesandreachtheirpeak.（1）WhatdoesthespiritofChinesewomen'svolleyballmeanaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Beingaspecialteam.B.Stickingtotheend.C.Winningeverygame.D.Traininghardeveryday.（2）WhydoesZhuTingbecomeanationalvolleyballicon?A.ShewinsmanyawardsintheWorldCup.B.Shekeepsstrongdesireanddetermination.C.Shetakeslotsoftrainingafterthetiringflight.D.Shedoesalmosteverythingtohelptheteamforward.（3）Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Hardworkisvitalinvolleyballmatches.B.Thecoachhasagreatinfluenceonplayers.C.Thestaffbehindtheon-courtteamisalsoessential.D.Understandingopponentsisnecessarytowinthegame.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，卫冕冠军中国队以3:0战胜阿根廷队,以11连胜夺得了国际排联女子排球世界杯奖杯。永不放弃是中国女排精神所在。（1）考查细节理解。根据第而段中的“Neverquit,especiallyinadversity.That'swhatthespiritofChinesewomen'svolleyballmeans”可知，中国女排精神的含义是：永不放弃，尤其是在逆境中。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Whentheteamstruggled,Zhuwasalwaysthere,doingwhateverwasneededtocarrytheteamforward.That'swhyshehasbecomeanationalvolleyballicon”可知，队长朱婷成为排球偶像是因为当球队拼搏时，朱婷总是跟他们站在一起，并且做一切事情来带领球队前进。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Volleyballisateamsportandbehindtheon-courtteam,thereisalwaysasupportivecoachingteamandstaff”和最后一段中的“TherearemanyLaisandYuansthatarenotknownbythepublic,butwhoremainindispensablefortheteamtoovercomedifficultiesandreachtheirpeak.”可知，作者认为排球是一项团队运动。在场上球队的背后，还有支持他们的教练团队和员工。作者举出两名助理教练赖亚文、袁灵犀的例子，说明有很多像他们这样的人，是球队克服困难和达到顶峰所不可缺少的。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

TheFrenchDanonecompanyisthelatesttoreplacesomeplasticwaterbottleswithaluminum(铝)cans.CompetitorslikeCoca-Cola,PepsiCoandNestlehavealsostartedsellingwaterinaluminumcans.

Replacingplasticwaterbottlesthatpollutetheseaswithrecyclablealuminumcansshouldbeaneasywaytohelptheenvironment,right?Maybenot.

Aluminumcansmightresultinlessoceanwaste,andthemetalcontainersalsoarelighterthanglassorplasticbottles,buttheyalsocomewiththeirowncosttotheenvironment.Theproductionofanaluminumcanisestimatedtoreleasetwotimesasmuchcarbondioxideintotheairasaplasticbottle.

"That'sthedilemmayou'regoingtohavetochoosebetween,"saidRubenGriffioen,anofficialatbeermakerHeineken.HesaidhiscompanywasLryingtoreducetheuseofplasticbottles.

BruceKarasofCoca-ColaNorthAmericaagreed.Hesaid,"There'samix.Therearesomethingsthatarenotthatdesirable,butifyouhavefivegoodthingsandonethatisn't,we'llallhavetomakedecisions."Headded,"It'llneverbethatclean.”

Bottledwaterisa19billionindustry.Althoughitsuseofcansisincreasing,expertssaycansareunlikelytocompletelyreplaceplasticbottles.

Aluminumiscostlierthanplasticsocanneddrinksmeanhigherpricesforbuyers.Anothermajorconsiderationisuserconvenience-cansstayopenwhilebottlescanbereclosed.Moreimportantly,thereisonebarriertoendingtheuseofplasticwaterbottles:Theremaynotbeenoughcanstogoaround.Beerandwinemakersarenowalsoincreasinglyusingaluminum.（1）What'stheadvantageofaluminumcans?A.Theyarepollution-free.B.Theyarelighter.C.Theyarecost-effective.D.Theyarelow-carbon.（2）WhatisKaras'sattitudetoreplacingplasticbottleswithaluminumcans?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.NeutralD.Indifferent.（3）Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Thewideapplicationofaluminumcans.B.ThepromisingfuturealuminumcansC.Themajoradvantagesofaluminumcans.D.Theunavoidablelimitationsofaluminumcans.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AluminumCansorPlasticBottles?B.ABlessingoraMisfortune?C.HowtoDealwithPlasticBottles?D.WhyDoWeChooseAluminumCans?【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了铝罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的优势，如铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价，同时说明了使用铝罐的一些局限性。（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Aluminumcansmightresultinlessoceanwaste,andthemetalcontainersalsoarelighterthanglassorplasticbottles,buttheyalsocomewiththeirowncosttotheenvironment.”铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价，可知铝罐的优点是它们更轻。故选B。（2）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“BruceKarasofCoca-ColaNorthAmericaagreed.”来自北美可口可乐公司的BruceKaras对此表示赞同，可知Karas对用铝罐代替塑料瓶持支持态度。故选A。（3）考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“Moreimportantly,thereisonebarriertoendingtheuseofplasticwaterbottles:Theremaynotbeenoughcanstogoaround.”更重要的

是，停止使用塑料水瓶有一个障碍：可能没有足够的罐子，结合本段主要说明了铝罐的造价高和数量不够等一些不可避免的局限性，故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Replacingplasticwaterbottlesthatpollutetheseaswithrecyclablealuminumcansshouldbeaneasywaytohelptheenvironment,right?”用可回收的铝罐代替污染海洋的塑料水瓶应该是一种帮助环境的简单方法，对吗？文章主要说明了铝罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的优势，如铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价，文章还说明了使用铝罐的一些局限性。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Evenasmallincreaseinlightactivitysuchaswashingdishes,orwalkingaroundthehousemighthelppreventanearlydeathamongolderadults,researcherssay.

"Itisimportantforelderlypeople,whomightnotbeabletodomuchmoderateintensity（强度）activity,thatjustmovingaroundanddoinglightintensityactivitywillhavestrongeffectsandisbeneficial,"saidUlfEkelund,wholedtheresearch.

PublishedintheBMJ,thelatestresearchwasbasedonareviewofeightstudiesinvolvingatotalofmorethan36,000peoplewithanaverageageofalmost63years.Participantswerefollowedforfivetosixyears;2,149deathswererecorded.Allofthestudiesinvolvedmonitoringthephysicalactivityofindividualswhohadactivitytrackers,andthestudiesdidnotrelyonself-reporting,which,theexpertsnoted,couldbeunreliable.

Foreachstudyparticipantsweresplitintofourequal-sizedgroups,basedonthetotalamountoftimespentactively,andtheriskofdeathassessed,takingintoaccountfactorssuchasage,sex,bodymassindex,andsocioeconomicstatus.Thiswasthenrepeatedforanamountofactivityatdifferentlevelsofintensity.Theresultswereanalyzedtogethertogiveanoverview.Theteamfoundagreateramountofactivitywaslinkedtoalowerriskofdeath.Theresultsheldfordifferentintensitiesofactivity.Theteamsaidthestudysupportedthemessage"sitlessandmovemoreandmoreoften".

However,thestudyhadlimitations.Itonlylookedatthesituationformiddleageandolderadults,mostofwhomlivedintheUSorEurope,andsomeoftheeffectcouldbeduetothosepeoplewithahigherriskofdeathbeinglesslikelytoberelatedtophysicalactivity.Physicalactivitylevelsalsowereonlymeasuredoveroneperiodoftime.

DrGavinSandercock,fromtheUniversityofEssex,saidtheresultssuggestedmovingmorebroughtbiggerbenefitsthansimplyreducingthetimeofsitting,anotherfactormeasuredinthestudy.

"Thisstudyreinforcestheimportantmessagethatgettingtheleastactivepeopletodoevenjustalittlebitmorephysicalactivitycanhaveimportantpublichealthbenefits,"hesaid.（1）WhichofthefollowingmayUlfEkelundsuggestelderlypeopledo?A.lyingonthesofareading.B.Doingalittlegentlegardening.C.Goingouttohikewithfriends.D.Playingbasketballsometimes.（2）Whatcanweknowabouttheresearch?A.Itlastedabout8years.B.Theresearchersadmittedtheyusedfakedata.C.Theparticipantsdidn'tincludeyoungerpeople.D.Someparticipantsdiedbecauseofdoingtoomuchphysicalactivity（3）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheresearchers'conclusion?A.DoubtfulB.CriticalC.SupportiveD.Neutral（4）Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"reinforces"inthelastparagraph?A.HighlightsB.ConveysC.ExcludesD.Denies【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现轻微活动能帮助预防老年人过早死亡，对老年人健康很有好处。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Itisimportantforelderlypeople,whomightnotbeabletodomuchmoderateintensity（强度）activity,thatjustmovingaroundanddoinglightintensityactivitywillhavestrongeffectsandisbeneficial.”对于无法做中等强度活动的老年人来说，轻度活动对健康很有好处。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“PublishedintheBMJ,thelatestresearchwasbasedonareviewofeightstudiesinvolvingatotalofmorethan36,000peoplewithanaverageageofalmost63years.”可知参与调查的36,000人平均年龄是63岁，因此不包括年轻人，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据文中…researcherssay,…saidUlfEkelund,wholedtheresearch.DrGavinSandercock,fromtheUniversityofEssex,said…,…hesaid.等内容可知，作者只是陈述了研究结果和专家观点，并未掺杂自己观点，作者对研究结果是中立观点，不带感情色彩。故选D。（4）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Evenasmallincreaseinlightactivitysuchaswashingdishes,orwalkingaroundthehousemighthelppreventanearlydeathamongolderadults”,陈述研究结果，小的轻微活动能帮助预防老年人过早死亡；以及最后一段中的“Thisstudyreinforcestheimportantmessagethatgettingtheleastactivepeopletodoevenjustalittlebitmorephysicalactivitycanhaveimportantpublichealthbenefits”.提到的gettingtheleastactivepeopletodoevenjustalittlebitmorephysicalactivitycanhaveimportantpublichealthbenefits即让最不爱运动的人多做一点点体育活动，对公众健康也有重要的好处，这是对研究结果的进一步强调，由此推知画线词语表示“强调”，与Highlights同义，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Bambooisoneoftheworld'smostusefulplants.Forthousandsofyears,bamboohasbeenusedinmanydifferentways-fromfoodtomedicinetoclothingand,insmallways,asabuildingmaterial.

However,bambooisnotoftenusedasabuildingmaterialinthedevelopedworld.AprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburghinPennsylvaniaistryingtochangethat.Theprofessorandhisstudentsaretestingthestrengthofbamboo.Theyaretestinghowmuchpressureorweightitcantakebeforebreaking.

KentHarriesisaprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Harriessaysthattestingmethodsforbambooneedtobethesameforall.Theyneedtobestandardized.Standardizingtestmethodsforbamboowillhelptobringtheplantintocommonuse.Itwillalsogiveengineersandbuildersaroundtheworldadependablestandard.

Harriessaysthatbambooisstronginnature.Thestrengthofatleastthreespeciesofbambooissimilartosteel.Besidesitsstrength,bamboohasotherfeaturesthatmakeitveryusefulinbuilding.Hesaysitisresilient(有弹力的),meaningitkeepsitsshapeandstrengthevenunderpressure.

Bambooalsogrowsquickly.Bamboothatissuitableforconstructionneedsmuchlessresourcesthanwood.Theharvestcycleofbambooisabout3years.Softwoodssuchascedar,pineandsprucehaveaharvestcycleofabout10years.Andhardwoodsthatcomefromfloweringplantssuchasoakandwalnutneedmorethan30years.

Bambooiswidelyusedasfoodforpandabears.Itisalsousedforflooringandwindowcovers.However,forbuilding,bambooisnotusedmuchoutsideitsnativegrowingarea.Thisismostlybecauseofitsroundshape.Butthereareotherreasonstoo.Peoplethink--orhavethementality--thatbambooisalowqualitybuildingmaterial.（1）Whatistheauthormainlytalkingaboutinthepassage?A.

Makebambooacommonbuildingmaterial.

B.

Takeadvantageofbambooinoureveryday.C.

Considerbambootobeacommonplant.

D.

Usebambootoreplacebuildingmaterials.（2）WhatisthepurposeofwhatKentHarriesandhisstudentsdid?A.

Toprovewhatisthemostusefulplant.

B.

Tointroducebambootothedevelopedworld.C.

Togiveengineersandbuilderssomeadvice.

D.

Tomakesureofthestrengthofbamboo.（3）WhatdoesHarriesthinkofbamboointhepassage?A.

Harriesseesbambooasagreatbuildingmaterial.

B.

Harriesthinksbambooisasstrongassteel.C.

HarriesseesbambooasthemostidealPlant.

D.

Harriesthinksbamboohasthereliableshape.（4）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.

Bambooisanenvironmentallyfriendlybuildingmaterial.

B.

Bamboomaterialwillgotothemarketinthesoonfuture.C.

Hardwoodsaremuchmorepopularthansoftwoods.

D.

Bamboogrowsnotonlyfasterbuttakesuplessspace.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竹子是世界上最有用的植物之一。几千年来，竹子被广泛地应用于各个方面，然而，在发达国家，竹子并没有经常地被应用于建筑领域。KentHarries教授试图改变这一点。他和他的学生们测试了竹子的受压力量。KentHarries教授认为是一种很好的建筑材料。(1)考查主旨大意。本文讲述了KentHarries和他的学生所做的实验，实验的目的是测试竹子能否当作建筑材料来使用。故选A。(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Theprofessorandhisstudentsaretestingthestrengthofbamboo．”可知，教授和他的学生做实验的目的是测试竹子的承受力，故选D。(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段可知，KentHarries认为竹子结实、有弹力、能承受压力，是有用的建筑材料，由此可知他的观点是竹子是种很好的建筑材料。故选A。(4)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段可知，竹子长得很快，其生长为三年，而针叶木材则需10年，阔叶树时间更长，由此可知，竹子是种很环保的建筑材料。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。It'salmostcampseason!

Summeriswonderful.Summeratoneofthefollowingawesomecamps?Evenmorewonderful.TahosaHighAdventureBase

Location:Ward,Colorado

Peoplepuzzle:Tahosa'sropescoursesaresomeofthenation'sbest.Useyourhands,feetandbrainstotakeuphigh-flyingchallengesandovercomeyourfears.Flyfishingat9,000feet?Yes.Fishinglicensesorexperienceneeded?No,sir!

Chooseyouradventure:Goall-inclusive,wherethestaffpreparesmealsandrunstheprogram,ortakecontrolandplanyourperfectweek.Thechoiceisyours.CampRaymond

Location:Parks,Arizona

Don'tlookdown:Whenlookingupatthestars,lightpollutionisyourenemy.ButCampRaymond'slocationandelevation(海拔)of6,700feetofferperfectconditionsforseeingotherwiseinvisiblestars.

That'scool:Don'tforgetyourcameraandajacket.Duringtheday,youcouldspotbearsanddeer.Atnight,temperaturescanfallsharply.Hotcocoaatsummercamp?Cool.PamlicoSeaBase

Location:BlountsCreek,NorthCarolina.

Gocoastal:ExploretheCarolinacoastbyboat.Youchoosetheroute,andPamlicoprovidestheequipment.Keepaneyeoutforwildhorses,lighthousesandboatloadsoffish.

Setsail:Evenifyoudon'tknowthedifferencebetweenstarboardandstar-lord,Pamlico'ssailingjourneywillmakeyouafirst-ratesailorinnotime.You'llevenpracticefindingyourwayusingthestars.BaseCamp

Location:St.Paul,Minnesota

Bigupgrade:Whathappenswhenyouchangea1907cavalrydrillhall(骑兵训练场)intoanadventuredestinationintheheartofthecity?YougetBaseCampforovernightlock-ins,weekendretreats(隐居处)andsummercamp.

Insideout:MostofBaseCampisindoors,meaningtheactivitieslikeclimbingwallscanbeundertakenonwinter'scoldestdays.（1）WhatdoweknowaboutTahosaHighAdventureBase?A.

Itrequiresfishinglicenses

B.

ItofferslessonsonflyingaplaneC.

It'sacampthatisintendedforbravekids

D.

Itisacampwhereyoucansetyourownpace（2）WhatcanbelearnedinPamlicoSeaBase?A.

Howtotellstarboardfromstar-lord

B.

HowtochoosecampingequipmentC.

Howtousethestarsfordirections

D.

Howtomakeaboatonyourown（3）Inwhichcampcankidsclimbwallsinsideonwinterdays?A.

BaseCamp.

B.

CampRaymond.C.

PamlicoSeaBase.

D.

TahosaHighAdventureBase.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个精彩的·夏令营活动。（1）考查细节理解。根据TahosaHighAdventureBase部分中的“Chooseyouradventure:Goall-inclusive,wherethestaffpreparesmealsandrunstheprogram,ortakecontrolandplanyourperfectweek.Thechoiceisyours.”可知，TahosaHighAdventureBase是一个你可以设定自己节奏的营地。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据PamlicoSeaBase部分中的“Setsail:Evenifyoudon’tknowthedifferencebetweenstarboardandstar-lord,Pamlico’ssailingjourneywillmakeyouafirst-ratesailorinnotime.You’llevenpracticefindingyourwayusingthestars.”可知，在PamlicoSeaBase你能学到如何使用星星来指引方向。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据BaseCamp部分中的“Insideout:MostofBaseCampisindoors,meaningtheactivitieslikeclimbingwallscanbeundertakenonwinter’scoldestdays.”可知，在冬天，孩子们可以在BaseCamp营地里爬墙。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，