高考英语一轮复习 板块1 教材复习 BK 3 Unit 3　The Million Pound Bank Note 专题讲义（教师版）

Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNotePart1清单式背诵——主干知识一遍过1.bringup培养；抚养；养育；教育；提出；呕吐bringabout导致；引起bringback带回；使想起bringdown降低；减少bringin引进；赚得，挣得bring...toanend/aconclusion结束bring...(back)tolife使……恢复生机eg.It’shightimethatweshouldexpressourgratitudetobothourparentsandteachersforwhattheyhavedoneforustobringusup.(感谢信)是时候感谢父母和老师为我们的成长所做的一切了。2.scenen.(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色；事发地点•onthescene在现场；当场；在台上behindthescenes在幕后；暗中appear/comeonthescene出场；登场cometothescene来到现场•sceneryn.景色；风景mountainscenery山景eg.(2020·浙江卷)Iquicklytookoutthecameraandphotographedtherarescene—wewererobbedbyapolarbear!我赶紧拿出相机，拍下了这罕见的一幕——我们被一只北极熊抢劫了！【点拨】scene有“场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，一般用关系副词where或inwhich来引导。3.permitvt.&vi.许可；允许(allow)；准许n.[C]通行证；许可证；执照(license)•permitsbsth允许某人某事permitsbtodosth允许某人做某事permit(sb/sb’s)doingsth允许(某人)做某事bepermittedinto被允许进入……•adrivingpermit驾驶执照•permissionn.[U]允许；许可eg.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Timepermitting，Idohopeyouwillattendthisyear’smusicfestival.(邀请信)如果时间允许的话，我的确希望你来参加今年的音乐节。【点拨】permit作名词时是可数名词，意为“通行证；许可证”。permission是不可数名词，表示口头的许可。【联想】和permit用法类似的还有：allowdoingsth/sbtodosth允许(某人)做某事forbiddoingsth/sbtodosth禁止(某人)做某事advisedoingsth/sbtodosth建议(某人)做某事recommenddoingsth/sbtodosth建议(某人)做某事4.goahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说gooff爆炸；走火；离开；(电灯)熄灭，(电器设备)停止运作goagainst违背，违反(信仰、原则、心愿、建议等)goaround(疾病、消息等)传播；流传goon继续；发生；(活动)进行gothrough穿过；经历；仔细检查gowith与……相配goover复习；仔细检查goup上升eg.(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Butiftheyinsistthatyoustartfirst,justgoahead.但是如果他们坚持你先开始，那就继续吧。5.byaccident偶然；无意中；不小心byaccident＝bychance偶然；碰巧bydesign＝onpurpose故意地；蓄意地withoutaccident安全地haveanaccident遭受意外eg.(湖北卷书面表达)Whatstrikesmemostisthatweshouldtakecarenottohurtotherswithourwords,deliberatelyorbyaccident.使我印象最深的是，我们应该尽量不要用言语伤害别人，无论是故意还是无意。6.starevi.&vt.凝视；盯着看stareat盯着看；凝视staresbupanddown上下打量某人staresbintheface盯着某人的脸看eg.(2022·厦门高三模拟)Hestaredinsurpriseatthewaythesoldiercapturedthepersonalityofhissoninthepainting.他惊讶地注视着士兵在画中表现他儿子个性的方式。【联想】表示“看”的相关短语还有：①glareat怒视②glanceat瞥一眼③glimpseat瞥见④lookat看一看⑤fixone’seyeson盯着看⑥catchsightof看见7.faultn.[C]过错；缺点；故障；[U]责任；过失findfaultwith...对……不满；挑剔beatfault有过错；有责任eg.(2022·枣庄三模)Susanwishedshewereathomeadmittingherfault.苏珊希望她在家里承认自己的错误。8.spotvt.(spotted，spotted，spotting)发现；认出；点缀n.斑点；污点；地点•spotsbdoingsth发现某人正在做某事bespottedwith散布；点缀•onthespot当场；立刻；在现场aquiet/lonelyspot宁静/僻静的地方•spottedadj.有斑点的；有圆点的spotlessadj.一尘不染的；毫无瑕疵的eg.(2022·临沂三模)Hesawanundergroundspringflowingundertheiceatthatspot.他看到一个地下泉水在那个地方的冰下流动。【点拨】spot意为“地点”，用作定语从句的先行词时，如果从句中缺少状语，则用where或inwhich引导定语从句，如果从句中缺少主语或宾语，则用that/which引导定语从句。9.accountvi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有n.说明；理由(explanation)；计算；账目；账户；描述；报道(report)•accountfor是……的原因；解释；占……(比例)accountsb(tobe)...认为某人……•onaccountof由于；因为onnoaccount决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)takesthintoaccount/consideration＝takeaccountof考虑……open/closeanaccount开立/结清账户•accountantn.会计；会计师eg.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestionsintoaccount.(建议信)我真诚地希望你能考虑我的建议。10.seekvt.&vi.(sought，sought)寻找；探索；寻求seektodosth试图做某事seekfor/aftersth寻找/追求……seekone’sfortune寻找致富之路；碰运气eg.(江苏卷书面表达)Ontheinternet,peoplecanseekinformationabouttheirfavoritestarsandbuyticketsatadiscountaswell,whichisbothtime－savingandeconomical.在互联网上，人们可以查询自己喜爱的明星的信息，也可以打折购票，既省时又经济。【同义】lookfor,search(...)for,find11.contraryn.反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的onthecontrary与此相反；正相反tothecontrary相反的becontraryto与……相反/相违背eg.(江苏卷书面表达)Onthecontrary,notallresultsaresatisfying.相反，并非所有结果都令人满意。12.amountn.数量vi.总计；相当于；等于•alargeamountof＋不可数名词＝largeamountsof＋不可数名词大量的•amountto总计为……eg.ThementionofthetopicremindsmeofwhatIexperiencedoneyearago,whichcanfullyillustratehoweachlittlestepamountstobigprogress.提到这个话题让我想起了一年前的经历，这充分说明了每一小步都意味着巨大的进步。【点拨】“alargeamountof＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“largeamountsof＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。【联想】agreatdealof只能修饰不可数名词；alargenumberof只能修饰可数名词复数；alotof,plentyof,alargequantityof既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。13.takeachance冒险；碰运气；试图做某事•takeachance/chancestodosth＝takearisk/riskswithsth/of(by)doingsth冒险做某事takeone’schance碰运气bychance＝byaccident偶然；碰巧seize/graspthechance抓住机会•Thechanceisthat...＝Chances/Thechancesarethat...＝Thereisachancethat...可能……eg.(浙江6月卷)ItreasurethisasagoodchancetobroadenmyperspectiveaswellasimprovemyspokenEnglish.我很珍惜这次机会，不仅可以开阔我的视野，还能提高我的英语口语。【联想】“takea/an＋n.”的常见短语还有：①takealook看一看②takearest休息一下③takeabreath喘口气④takeaseat坐下⑤takeawalk散步⑥takeaphoto拍照14.rudeadj.粗鲁的；无礼的•berudeto...对……粗鲁或没有礼貌It’srudeofsbtodosth某人做某事很粗鲁•rudelyadv.粗鲁地；没有礼貌地rudenessn.粗鲁；无礼【联想】“be＋adj.＋to(介词)”结构的短语还有：①bekindto对……和蔼②becruelto对……残忍③begoodto对……有好处④bepoliteto对……有礼貌⑤beharmfulto对……有害⑥befriendlyto对……友好15.mannern.礼貌；礼仪；习俗；举止；方式ina...manner以……的方式tablemanners餐桌礼仪good/badmanners有/没有礼貌Itisbad/goodmannerstodosth做某事是没有/有礼貌的eg.(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Speakingoftablemanners,keepyourvoicelowandpleasantduringthemeal.(建议信)说到餐桌礼仪，用餐时要保持声音低沉、愉快。【点拨】manner意为“举止；方式”时，常用单数形式；而意为“礼貌；习俗”时，常用复数形式。

教材词块1.makeabet打赌2.apennilessyoungman一个身无分文的年轻人3.wanderonthepavement在人行道上闲逛4.myfirsttriphere我第一次来这里5.landinBritain在英国上岸6.towardsnightfall傍晚时分7.astrongwind一阵大风8.anhonestjob一份实实在在的工作9.atablenexttothefrontwindow靠近前边窗户的一张桌子10.eatlikeawolf狼吞虎咽11.awonderfulmeal这餐饭真棒12.putahandtohermouth用手捂住了她的嘴巴13.inrags衣衫褴褛14.asforthebill至于账单15.discoversomethingforthefirsttime如梦初醒似的16.fromthebottomofmyheart从我心底里教材佳句1.ThenextmorningI’djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlostwhenIwasspottedbyaship.(haddone...when...)第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。2.Indeed，sir，Ihopeyou’llcomeherewheneveryoulike.(whenever引导让步状语从句)真的，先生，我希望您随时光临。3.ThefactisthatIearnedmypassagebyworkingasanunpaidhand，whichaccountsformyappearance.(that引导表语从句)事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。1.Well，towardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。句型公式|“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构(1)find＋宾语＋宾补eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(现在分词（表示主动、进行）,过去分词（表示被动、完成）,不定式,名词/形容词/副词,介词短语))(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋todo(it是形式宾语，todo是真正的宾语)①Whenhearrived,hefoundalltheworkfinished.当他到达时，他发现所有的工作都完成了。②Justthenextmorning,Ifoundmymothernotfeelingwell.就在第二天早上，我发现我妈妈感觉不舒服。③(2020·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Butwefinditdifficulttomaketheplotadaptedcompleteandattractiveenough.(求助信)但我们发现很难做到把情节改编完整且足够吸引人。【点拨】与find用法相同的动词还有：see,hear,watch,notice,have,make,keep等。2.AnditwastheshipthatbroughtyoutoEngland.正是那艘船把你带到了英国。

句型公式|Itis/was...that/who...强调句型(1)强调句的基本句型：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？(4)not...until...结构的强调句型：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...①ItiswithyourgeneroushelpthatIfirmlybelievethatIwilladapttothecollegelifeassoonaspossible.正是你慷慨的帮助，我坚信我会很快地适应大学生活。②WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschoolthatMr.Smithgotangry?史密斯先生是因为杰克上学迟到而生气吗？③Whatwasitthatmadehisparentssohappy?是什么事使他父母这么高兴？④Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletterthatshementionedherownplan.直到将近信的结尾，她才提及了自己的计划。Part2学案式检测——背诵效果速评估(限时20分钟)Ⅰ.单词过关检测课内基础达标——英汉互译1.wandervi.漫游；漫步；漂泊2.spotvt.发现；认出n.斑点；污点；地点3.accountvi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有n.说明；理由；计算；账目4.seekvt.&vi.寻找；探索；寻求5.contraryn.反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的6.mannern.礼貌；举止；方式7.screamvi.尖声叫n.尖叫声；喊叫声8.starevi.凝视；盯着看9.faultn.过错；缺点；故障10.amountn.数量11.nightfalln.黄昏12.passagen.船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段13.charityn.慈善(团体)；施舍14.steakn.(供煎、烤的)肉块；鱼排；牛排15.dessertn.餐后甜点16.faken.假货；欺骗adj.假的17.barbern.理发师18.genuineadj.真的；真诚的课外拓展延伸——词形变换1.noveln.小说；长篇故事adj.新奇的；异常的→novelistn.小说家2.adventuren.奇遇；冒险→adventurousadj.冒险的3.pennyn.便士；分文→pennilessadj.贫困的；身无分文的4.permitvt.&vi.许可；允许；准许n.通行证；许可证；执照→permissionn.许可；批准5.spotvt.发现；认出；点缀n.斑点；污点；地点→spottedadj.有斑点的；有圆点的→spotlessadj.一尘不染的；毫无瑕疵的6.payvt.&vi.付费；付酬；交纳；偿还n.工资→paidadj.有薪酬的；带薪的→unpaidadj.未付款的；不受报酬的7.accountvi.&vt.认为；说明；总计有n.说明；理由；计算；账目→accountantn.会计；会计师8.patiencen.耐性；忍耐→patientadj.有耐心的n.病人→patiently__adv.有耐心地9.believevt.相信；信任→believableadj.可信的→unbelievableadj.难以置信的→beliefn.信念；信仰10.rudeadj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudelyadv.粗鲁地；没有礼貌地→rudenessn.粗鲁；无礼Ⅱ.短语词块过关检测课内基础达标——英汉互译1.bring__up抚养；培养；教育；提出2.stare__at盯着看；凝视3.account__for是……的原因；解释4.on__the__contrary与此相反；正相反5.go__ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说6.make__a__bet打赌7.in__rags衣衫褴褛8.as__for关于；至于9.fromthebottomofmyheart从心底里10.byaccident偶然；无意中；不小心11.takeachance冒险12.myfirsttriphere我第一次来这里13.anhonestjob一份实实在在的工作课外拓展延伸——英汉互译1.bring__about导致；引起2.on__the__scene在现场；当场；在台上3.permit__sb__to__do__sth准许某人做某事4.go__with与……相配5.have__a__chance__to__do有机会做某事6.be__spotted__with散布；点缀7.seek__one’s__fortune寻找致富之路；碰运气8.staresbintheface盯着某人的脸看9.findfaultwith...对……不满；挑剔10.goover复习；仔细检查11.becontraryto与……相反/相违背12.amountto总计为……13.berudeto...对……粗鲁或没有礼貌14.good/badmanners有/没有礼貌Ⅲ.句式过关检测课内基础达标——补全句子1.第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。(haddone...when...)ThenextmorningI’d__just__about__given__myself__up__for__lost__whenIwasspottedbyaship.2.真的，先生，我希望您随时光临。(whenever引导让步状语从句)Indeed，sir，Ihopeyou’llcomeherewhenever__you__like.3.嗯，傍晚时分，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)Well，towardsnightfallI__found__myself__carried__outtoseabyastrongwind.4.正是那艘船把你带到了英国。(强调句)And__it__was__the__ship__thatbroughtyoutoEngland.课外拓展延伸——补全句子1.但我们发现很难做到把情节改编完整且足够吸引人。(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)Butwefind__it__difficult__to__make__the__plot__adapted__completeandattractiveenough.2.正是你慷慨的帮助，我坚信我会很快地适应大学生活。(强调句型)It__is__with__your__generous__help__thatIfirmlybelievethatIwilladapttothecollegelifeassoonaspossible.3.是时候感谢父母和老师为我们的成长所做的一切了。(bringup)It’shightimethatweshouldexpressourgratitudetobothourparentsandteachersfor__what__they__have__done__for__us__to__bring__us__up.4.如果时间允许的话，我的确希望你来参加今年的音乐节。(独立主格；permit)Time__permitting，Idohopeyouwillattendthisyear’smusicfestival.5.我真诚地希望你能考虑我的建议。(account)Isincerelyhopethatyou__will__take__my__suggestions__into__account.Part3层级式精练——单元要点全练通1.permit用法个个清——练用法/写美句①Yousimplyaskhowtoapplyforalibrarycard，whichwillpermityouto__take(take)booksoutregularly.②Thevisitorsareremindedthatthemuseumdoesn’tpermitsmoking(smoke).③(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果天气允许的话，我们将在沙滩上野餐。→If__weather__permits，wewillhaveapicnicatthebeach.(条件状语从句)→Weather__permitting，wewillhaveapicnicatthebeach.(独立主格结构)2.spot用法一遍过——猜词义/练用法/写美句①(2020·浙江7月卷)OnemorningIspottedalostlambwhenIwasinthetopfield，nearwhereamotorwaycutsthroughmyland.vt.发现②(北京卷书面表达)Moreover，thesceneryalongtheriverisamazing，withmanywell－knownsightseeingspots.n.地点③(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)ChinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspotwhereitcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.④(全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)不仅各种剪纸作品将被展出，工匠们还会在现场向参观者展示如何将纸剪成各种形状。Notonlywillallkindsofpaper－cuttingworksbeondisplay，butthecraftsmenwillshowvisitorshow__to__cut__paper__into__different__shapes__on__the__spot.3.account用法多棱镜——猜词义/练用法/写美句①(2020·浙江7月卷)Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’overallhealthstatus.解释②(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.占……(比例)③I’mwritingtogiveyouafullaccountofmyunforgettableexperienceinafarmworkprogramme.n.描述④Itshouldbenoted,however,thatseveralimportantfactorsarenottakenintoaccountinthecalculation.⑤(2019·天津卷)那位教授告诫这些学生，他们绝对不应该在他的课上使用手机。Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthat__on__no__account__should__they__use__mobile__phonesinhisclass.4.bringup用法一网收——猜词义/写美句①(江苏卷)Blacks’socialpositionwasshapedbyhowtheywerebroughtup.教育②Hebroughtupapracticalplaninthemeeting，whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.提出③Thegreedychildbroughtupallhehadeaten.呕吐④Hewasbroughtupinabigcity，andhefounditquitedifficulttofitinthecountryside.抚养；养育⑤Brought__up__in__a__big__city，hefounditquitedifficulttofitinthecountryside.(用分词短语作状语改写④)5.“find＋宾语＋宾补”用法点点练——练用法/写美句①(2019·北京卷书面表达)Whileworkinginthefarmyard，Ifounditveryhardtoworkinthefieldsunderahotsun.②AfterIarrivedinAmerica，Ifoundmyselfliving(live)inacompletelyforeignculture.③(浙江6月卷)在森林里闲逛了之后，我们发现自己在一个陌生道路上迷失了。Afterwanderingintheforest，wefound__ourselves__lost__in__a__strange__path.6.“强调句”句型荟萃——练用法/写美句①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)ItisZhongNanshan’ssenseofresponsibilityanddevotiontomedicinecareerthatmakeusadmirehim.②Itwasnotuntilhelosthisjobthatherealizedtheimportanceofstudy.③ItwasintheshopthatImetanoldfriendofmine.(that/where)④ItwastheshopwhereImetanoldfriendofmine.(that/where)⑤Notuntiltheearly19thcenturywashismusicalgiftfullyrecognized.→It__was__not__until__the__early__19th__century__that__hismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.(强调句)维度一词形变化练1.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Asanovelist(novel)，I’vefoundanewrelationshipwithlibraries.2.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Iwaitedpatiently(patient)untiltheoilwashot.3.Itisbadmanners(manner)totalkwithyourmouthfull.4.(江西卷)Jasonwasdeterminednottogoagainsttheirfather’swishesbutMarkwasmoreadventurous(adventure)thanhisbrother.5.Itisveryimportanttoteachthechildrenhowtodealwithothers’kindnessandrudeness(rude).6.Teachingchildrenwithspecialneedsrequirespatience(patient)andunderstanding.7.Hesaiditwasunbelievable(believe)thatasoapfactorycouldbesodirty.维度二固定用法练1.(2020·天津卷)Whilelibrariesstillloanout(出借)books，you’llfinditeasiertogetacopyofwhateveryou’relookingfor，thankstoacooperativenetworkofarealibraries.2.Wespentthemorningwandering(wander)aroundtheoldpartofthecity，BeijingHutongs.3.Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepiano.4.Weseekto__help(help)everystudentdiscoverthejoyandfulfillmentintheprocessoflearning.5.Ihadnodegreeandnoprofessionalexperience，buthetookachanceandgavemeanopportunity.6.Successinlifedoesn’thappenbyaccident.It’stheresultofdevotingyourtimeandenergytowhatyou’vesetouttodo.7.Thisafternoon，justasIwasdoingmybusiness，amandressedinragssteppedintomyshopandbeggedmeforsomemoney.8.Shedidn’twantherparentstohelphertodoit，soshejustwentaheadanddiditbyherself.9.Accordingtothereport，staringatcellphonesforlongperiodsoftimewilldamageoureyesightgradually.维度三语境辨义练■熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性和词义1.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)However，racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes，Dr.Norbergsays.vt.连续重击，反复打击2.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Yet，theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact，mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.vi.开小差，走神3.It’snotanovelideatoopenaChineserestaurantinaforeigncountry.adj.新颖的，新奇的■一词多义——根据语境选出manner的含义A.n.方式；方法B.n.举止；态度C.n.礼貌；礼仪1.(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)ThefollowingaremysuggestionsonhowtomindyourtablemannersinChina.C2.(天津卷)Ifyouhavewrittenthewrongnameinanemail，itisbesttoapologiseinaseriousmanner.A3.Hermannertowardshimseemstohavechanged.B人与社会——文学、艺术与体育用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识完成作文假设你是李华，准备给你校英文报写一篇短文，介绍你最喜欢的小说家。请根据下面提示介绍马克·吐温，内容包括：1.马克·吐温是美国19世纪最著名的作家之一，生于密苏里州，当过水手，喜欢写作；2.全世界读者都喜欢他的作品。1.As__for__my__favourite__novelist(至于我最喜欢的小说家)，itmustbeMarkTwain，oneofthebestknownAmericanwritersinthenineteenthcentury.HewasbroughtupinMissourialongtheMississippiRiver，wherehespenthischildhood.Hesetmanyofhisnovelsinhischildhoodadventuresontheriver.Afterhegrewup，2.he__took__a/the__chance__to__seek__a__large__amount__of__money(他冒险试图挣一大笔钱)，onlytoendupasasailorforsometime.Atthattime，3.he__found__himself__interested__in__writing(他发现自己对写作感兴趣)，andhedecidedtobecomeawriter，whichhelpedhimmakealargeamountofmoney.Actually，itwassuchaninterestingexperienceasasailor4.that__accounted__for__his__success__as__a__novelist(导致他成为一名成功的小说家).Hisnovelsarehumorousandlively，and5.that__is__why__he__and__his__novels__are__deeply__loved__by__readers(这就是他和他的小说深受读者喜爱的原因)throughouttheworld.Part4配餐式作业——高考题型精准练(限时30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2022·济南市高三模拟)Theonlythingbetterthanreceivingabookisgettingonedeliveredbyahorse.CaitlinGooch，thefounderofSaddleUpandRead(SUAR)，literallysaddles(给马备鞍)uponeofherfamily’shorsesandvisitsprimaryschools，librariesandyouthgroupstoencouragestudentstoread.ThenonprofitinWendell，NorthCarolina，alsoorganizesbookdrivesandschool－widereadingcompetitions.Alongwithherfivebrothersandsisters，Goochgrewuponafamilyfarmownedbyherfather.Althoughheworkedasausedcarsalesman，hebuiltaracetrackontheir87－acrefarm，wherehehostedraces.Goochsaidshegrewuparound80horsesandfeltblessedtohavegrownupwiththem.In2017，Gooch，whohadbeenworkingatdaycarecentersandyouthgroups，noticedthatsomeoftheyoungerchildrenstruggledtoread.Shedecidedtoworkwithalocallibrary：Anystudentwhocheckedoutmorethanthreebookswouldbeenteredintoaprizedraw.FivenameswouldbeselectedoutofthedrawandeachreceivedatriptovisitthehorsesontheGoochfamilyfarm.Itwasahit.Goochexpandedherservicesbycreatinghernonprofit，SUAR.WhenGoochsharedherorganization’sstoryonsocialmedia，itreachedover70，000likesinaweek.SheevengotashoutoutfromOprahWinfrey，afamoustalkshowhostess.She’sraisedover$20，000fromsupportersacrosstheworld.“Nowthatit’ssortof，alleyesonme，there’sdefinitelyanopportunitytodosomethingmore，”Goochsaid.Goochisn’tjustencouragingchildrentoreadmore.She’salsoshowingthemthathorsebackriderscanlooklikeher.Online，she’softenreferredtoasthe“BlackCowgirl”.“Itfeelsamazingtobethatkindofrepresentation，”Goochsaid.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。CaitlinGooch创立了公益组织“马鞍上阅读”，骑马向孩子们送书，鼓励孩子们阅读，提高阅读能力，她在网上分享了公益组织的故事后，得到了著名脱口秀主持人OprahWinfrey的支持。1.WhydoesGoochdeliverbooksonhorseback?A.Todeliverbooksquickly.B.Topromotefamilybusiness.C.Togetstudentstoread.D.Toadvertiseherorganization.答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“whohadbeenworking...theyoungerchildrenstruggledtoread”可知，Gooch注意到一些年龄较小的孩子阅读很艰难，于是和当地的一家图书馆合作推出了旨在促进孩子们阅读的公益活动。]2.WhatdidGoochdotohelpkidswithreadingdifficulties?A.Holdreadingcompetitions.B.Workwiththeyouthgroups.C.Donatebookstoalocallibrary.D.Organizevisitstothefamilyfarm.答案D[细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“Fivenameswouldbeselected...ontheGoochfamilyfarm”可知，获奖者可以去Gooch家的农场参观马匹。]3.WhatcanbelearnedaboutSUARfromParagraph4?A.Itiswellreceived.B.Ithasmadeabigprofit.C.Itneedsfurtherexpansion.D.ItwascriticizedbyOprah.答案A[推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，Gooch创建了自己的非营利组织SUAR，扩大了她的服务，该组织很受欢迎，在社交平台上获得很多赞。据此可以判断，非营利组织SUAR很受欢迎。]4.WhatcanbestdescribeGooch?A.Honest. B.Inspiring.C.Brave. D.Patient.答案B[推理判断题。根据尾段第一、第二句“Goochisn’tjust...horsebackriderscanlooklikeher”可知，Gooch不仅鼓励孩子们多读书，还向他们展示骑手可以像她一样。再结合全文内容可以判断，Gooch是一个鼓舞人心的人。]【词汇积累】1.readingcompetitions阅读比赛2.alongwith与……一道；除了……3.feelblessed觉得幸福或幸运4.checkout检查，核对，核实5.afamoustalkshowhostess一位著名的脱口秀女主持人B(2022·湖北省高三第二次联考)Weoftenhearthat60isthenew50.Justcheckouttheimagesofyourgrandparentsorgreat－grandparentsandnoticetheirstooped(曲背的)bodies，theirwrinkledfaceswhentheywerebarelypushing60.Whatacontrastwithenergetic，gym－goingsexagenarians(六十几岁的人)oftoday!TheresearchoverseenbygerontologistTainaRantanen，comparedadultsbornin1910and1914withthosebornroughly30yearslater.Bothbirthgroupswereexaminedinpersonatage60andagainat70withthesamesetofsixphysicaltestsandfivemeasuresofcognition.Accordingtotheresearch，thelater－borngroupcouldwalkfaster，hadastrongerhandgraspandcouldusemoreforcewiththeirlowerlegs.Oncognitivetests，thelater－borngrouphadbetterverbalfluency，andscoredhigheronatestmatchingnumberstosymbols.Butnoteverythingchangedacrossthegenerations：measuresoflungfunctionweresurprisinglynotchanging，andtherewasnoimprovementintheshort－term－memorytaskofrecallingaseriesofdigits.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleareagingbetter，includingimprovedmedicalcareandadropinsmoking，butthekeyfactorshowninthestudyofphysicalfunctionwasthatthelater－bornadultsweremorephysicallyactiveandhadbiggerbodies，whichsuggestedbetternutrition.Forbrainfunction，thekeyseemedtobemoreyearsofeducation.“Educationisapowerfulinfluenceonagingandhealth，”saysLuigiFerrucci，scientificdirectoroftheU.S.NationalInstituteonAging.“Withmoreeducation，youareprobablygoingtohavealargerincome，whichmeansyouaremorelikelytogotothedoctor，andhavegoodnutrition.”HealsopointsoutthattheaveragelifespanissevenyearsshorterinapoorstatesuchasMississippithaninawealthieronesuchasCalifornia.“Herewestillhavelotsofpeoplewhocannottakethedrugstheyneedbecausetheycannotpayforthem，”hesays.Inshort，60maybethenew50formanyofusbutnotforall.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。研究表明现在的老人比以前的老人在身体素质与认知能力方面表现得更好，这主要归功于积极锻炼身体和教育等。5.Howdoesthewriterbeginthepassage?A.Byimaginingascene.B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Byraisingaquestion.D.Bypresentinganimage.答案B[推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的内容可知，作者是通过比较过去的老人和现在的老人来引出文章的话题的。]6.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheresearch?A.Everythingdidn’tchangeacrossthegenerations.B.Thelater－borngroupcouldhardlygraspthingstightly.C.Thelater－borngroupdidworseinmatchingnumberstosymbols.D.Therewasalittleimprovementinshort－termmemoryinbothgroups.答案A[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Butnoteverythingchangedacrossthegenerations”可知，并不是所有的东西都发生了变化。]7.Accordingtotheresearch，whatcontributesmosttobetterphysicalaging?A.Improvedmedicalcare.B.Education.C.Betternutrition.D.Energeticimages.答案C[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“butthekeyfactor...suggestedbetternutrition”可知，人们身体老年化有所改善的关键因素是营养更好了。]8.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Manyreasonscontributetopeople’sbetterphysicalfunction.B.Today’senergeticsexagenarianshavemuchbetterimages.C.Educationisthekeytopeople’sbetteraging.D.Peopletodayareagingbetterthanpeoplebornearlier.答案D[主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，研究表明现在的老人比以前的老人在身体素质与认知能力方面表现得更好，并说明了原因。]【词汇积累】1.wrinkled/'rɪkld/adj.有皱纹的2.contrast/'kɒntrɑːst/n.对比3.overseev.监督；监视4.cognition/kɒɡ'nɪʃn/n.认知；感知；认识5.grasp熟义：v.抓牢，抓住生义：n.紧抓，紧握6.averagelifespan平均寿命7.inshort总而言之Ⅱ.完形填空(2022·芜湖高三第一次调研)Atfirst，RhondaTormaschythoughther16－year－olddaughter，Cassidy,wasjokingaboutopeningupanicecreamtruck.“Weweresittingaroundonenightwithherandoneofherfriends,andthisiswhatshe__1__usaboutandwethoughtshewasn’t__2__atfirst，”Rhondasaid.Butlastfall,herhusband,Chad,startedlookingforsometypeoftruck,andtheyfoundanoldschoolbusinLincoln，Oregon.Thefamilyspentthewinterfixingthebus,paintingitand__3__itintoIceCreamExpress.Inordertoturnthesmall,oldschoolbusintoanicecreamtruck,thefamily__4__afreezer，fridgeandsink.“Gettingittogetherwasakindof__5__forallofus，”Rhondasaid.“Wehadto__6__thehealthinspectionandget__7__fromthepolicedepartmentandthefiredepartment.”“Thecommunityneededsomethingto__8__andmaketheirdaybetter，”Cassidysaid.“Ithoughtthatthiswouldbeagoodwaytohelpeverybody__9__theirday.”Shevisitslocalbusinessesata__10__timeeveryThursdayandplansto__11__neighborhoodsandparksintheevening,aswellasservingicecreamatothersummer__12__.IceCreamExpressservesSchwan’sproducts.“It’squitea(n)__13__，”Cassidysaid.“WehaveeverythingfromthesundaeconestothesandwichesandItalianice—justabout__14__.”Nowthatthetruckisupand__15__，Cassidyhopesheryoungersisterswilltakeitoverwhenshe__16__forcollege.“Wehaveadaughterthat’sgoingtobe13hereandthatwouldbeaperfecttimeforhertotakeitoverinthenext__17__ofyearsifshewantsto，”Rhondasaid.“Ifshedoesn’twantto，IthinkIwouldprobably__18__itifit’sstillawantandaneedinDickinson.”Sofar,thereceptiontoIceCreamExpresshasbeen__19__，Rhondasaid.“Wehaven’thadanicecreambusinthistownforyears，”saidRhonda.“Ithinkit’sdevelope