高一上学期军事革命与英语再思考试题

高一上学期军事革命与英语再思考试题一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Passage1Theevolutionofmilitarytechnologyhasreshapedglobalsecurityinunprecedentedways.FromtheinventionofgunpowderinancientChinatothedevelopmentofdronesinthe21stcentury,eachbreakthroughhasalteredthebalanceofpowerbetweennations.Modernmilitariesnowprioritizecyberwarfareandartificialintelligence,withcountriesliketheUnitedStatesandChinainvestingbillionsinAI-drivendefensesystems.Thesetechnologiesnotonlyenhancecombatcapabilitiesbutalsoraiseethicalconcernsaboutautonomousweaponsandprivacyviolations.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThehistoryofgunpowderB.ModernmilitaryinvestmentsC.TechnologicalimpactonwarfareD.EthicalissuesinAIdevelopmentPassage2Militaryrevolutionsoftencoincidewithsocietaltransformations.TheIndustrialRevolutionofthe18thcenturyenabledmassproductionofweapons,leadingtotheriseofmodernarmies.Similarly,theInformationAgehasgivenbirthtocyberarmiescapableofdisablingenemyinfrastructurewithoutphysicalconfrontation.A2023reportbytheInternationalInstituteforStrategicStudies(IISS)notedthat68%ofglobaldefensebudgetsnowallocatefundstodigitalwarfaretechnologies.Theword"coincide"inline1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.conflictB.overlapC.differD.accelerate第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Passage3Militaryeducationinhighschoolsaimstocultivatestudents'senseofresponsibilityandnationaldefenseawareness.______(7)Forexample,someschoolsorganizefieldtripstomilitarymuseums,whileothersinviteveteranstosharetheirexperiences.Theseactivitiesnotonlyteachhistoricalfactsbutalsohelpstudentsunderstandtheimportanceofmilitarypreparedness.A.However,suchprogramsvarywidelyacrossregions.B.Physicaltrainingisalsoanessentialpartofmilitaryeducation.C.OnlinecourseshavebecomepopularduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thehistoryofmilitaryrevolutionsisatestamenttohumaningenuity.In1453,theOttomanEmpire'suseofcannonstoconquerConstantinoplemarkedtheendofmedievalwarfare.______(21)than500yearslater,thefirstatomicbombchangedwarfareforever.Today,thelinebetweensoldierandcivilianisblurringduetocyberattacksthatcantargetpowergridsandfinancialsystems.A.EarlierB.LaterC.MoreD.Less三、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Militarytechnology______(36)(advance)rapidlysincethestartofthe21stcentury.Countriesaroundtheworld______(37)(develop)AI-powereddronesthatcanperformsurveillanceandstrikemissionswithminimalhumanintervention.However,expertswarnthat过度依赖(38)(rely)onmachinescouldleadtounforeseenconsequences.四、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Original:Militaryrevolutionrefertomajorchangesinhowwarsarefought.Thesechangesoftencausedbynewtechnologies.Forexample,theinventionofthetankinWorldWarIallowarmiestobreakthroughenemylinesmoreeffectively.Corrected:Militaryrevolutionsrefertomajorchangesinhowwarsarefought.Thesechangesareoftencausedbynewtechnologies.Forexample,theinventionofthetankinWorldWarIallowedarmiestobreakthroughenemylinesmoreeffectively.五、书面表达（满分25分）假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter对中国的国防教育感兴趣，请你给他写一封信，介绍以下内容：中国高中国防教育的主要形式（如军训、军事理论课等）；你参加国防教育活动的一次具体经历；国防教育对青少年成长的意义。注意：词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。SampleWriting:DearPeter,I'mgladtohearyou'reinterestedinChina'snationaldefenseeducation.Inhighschools,wemainlyparticipateinmilitarytrainingcampsandattendtheoryclasses.Lastsummer,Ijoineda10-daycampwherewelearnedbasiccombatskillsandlistenedtoveterans'stories.Suchexperiencesteachusdisciplineandteamwork.Theyalsohelpusappreciatethesacrificesofsoldiersandunderstandtheimportanceofsafeguardingourcountry.WhatdoyouthinkofdefenseeducationintheUK?Yours,LiHua六、话题写作（共30分）以"TheImpactofMilitaryTechnologyonModernSociety"为题，写一篇150词左右的议论文，从科技、经济和伦理三个角度分析军事技术对现代社会的影响。SampleWriting:TheImpactofMilitaryTechnologyonModernSocietyMilitarytechnologyhasprofoundlyshapedmodernsociety.Intermsofscience,innovationslikeGPS,originallydevelopedformilitaryuse,nowbenefitciviliansglobally.Economically,defenseindustriesdrivejobcreationandtechnologicalspin-offs,suchasadvancementsinmedicalimagingfrommissileguidancesystems.However,ethicaldilemmasarisewithautonomousweaponsandcyberwarfare,whichthreatenciviliansafetyandprivacy.Balancinginnovationwithresponsibilityremainsacriticalchallengeforgovernmentsworldwide.七、军事术语翻译（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）将下列军事术语翻译成英语。网络战____________(cyberwarfare)无人机____________(drone)核威慑____________(nucleardeterrence)八、历史事件匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）将下列军事革命事件与对应的历史时期连线。火药的发明A.20世纪末坦克的出现B.15世纪互联网军事化C.20世纪初九、案例分析（共25分）阅读以下材料，用英语回答问题（100词左右）。材料：In2020,acyberattacktargetingaU.S.governmentagencyresultedinthetheftofclassifiedmilitarydocuments.TheattackersusedAI-poweredmalwaretobypasssecuritysystems,highlightingthevulnerabilityofmoderndefensenetworks.Question:WhatchallengesdoAI-drivencyberattacksposetonationalsecurity?Howcangovernmentsrespondtosuchthreats?SampleAnswer:AI-drivencyberattackschallengenationalsecuritybyenablingmoresophisticatedandadaptivethreatsthattraditionaldefensesstruggletodetect.GovernmentsmustinvestinAI-basedcountermeasures,enhanceinternationalcooperationtotrackhackers,andestablishglobalregulationsoncyberwarfaretomitigaterisks.十、开放讨论题（共30分）以小组讨论形式，用英语完成下列任务：列举3项可能改变未来战争形态的新兴技术；分析每项技术可能带来的伦理问