M3 Unit 1 The world of our senses(测)-高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(原卷)

M3Unit1Theworldofoursenses(测)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2021·浙江高二月考)Thenexttimeyouneedtogetsomewhere,youmaybeabletofollowyournose.Astudyhasfoundthatastrongsenseofsmellisassociatedwithastrongsenseofdirection.ResearchersconductedanexperimentatMcGillUniversityinCanada.Fifty-sevenadultswereinvitedtoparticipateinavirtual“way-findingtask"inwhichtheyhadtomaketheirwayaroundavirtualenvironment.Theyweregiven20minutestolearnaboutthevirtualcity.Afterhavingpassedbyeachofeightlandmarksatleasttwice,theparticipantswereplacedinfrontofoneofthelandmarksandaskedtofindthemostdirectroutetooneassignedbytheresearchers.Theparticipantsalsosmelled40scented(有香气的)pensoneatatime.Afterabriefsniff,theparticipantschoseonewordthatbestidentifiedthesmellfromfourwordsonascreen.Anadditionalexerciseusedavirtualmaze(迷宫)todetermineiftheparticipantsweremorelikelytorelyonlandmarkstofindthewayoriftheyusedamorehabit-basedmethodbuiltovertimeaspeopletraveledthesamerouteoverandoveragain.Whattheresearchersfoundwasthatthosewiththeabilitytocorrectlyidentifythesmellsofthepensalsohadtheeasiesttimeperformingtheway-findingtaskbywayoflandmarks.Astrongsenseofsmellwasnotidentifiedintheparticipantswhousedthemorehabit-basedmethod.Theconnectionbetweenthesenseofsmellandway-findinglikelycameaboutasaresultoftheevolutionofthenervoussystem.Theoriginalfunctionofthesenseofsmellinhumansmayhavebeenintendedtosupportourspatialmemory.Keepthatinmindthenexttimeyougetlostgoingtothedentist.Itwon’tpreventyoufromgettinghorriblylost,butit’sgoodfoodforthoughtalongtheway.1.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisargument?A.Byexaminingdifferences. B.Bydoingvirtualexperiment.C.Byprovidingexamples. D.Byanalyzingcause.2.Whatweretheparticipantsaskedtodoaftersmellingascentedpen?A.Decidewhethertheylikedthesmell. B.Useasentencetodescribethesmell.C.Chooseasuitablewordforthesmell. D.Findthelandmarkthatfeaturedthesmell.3.Whichofthefollowingfactorsisrelatedtoastrongsenseofdirection?A.Thewayofusinglandmarks. B.Moreexperienceindescribingthings.C.Quickadjustmenttothevirtualworld. D.Amorehabit-basedway-findingmethod.B(学科网2021年高三3月大联考新课标Ⅱ卷)AgroupofresearchersinEuropehaveannounceda3-yearprojectcalledOdeuropatocollectinformationabouttheimportantsmellsofEurope,fromthe1500stotheearly1900s.TheEuropeanUnionhasgivenOdeuropa$3.3milliontospendoverthenextthreeyears.Thepeoplebehindtheprojectbelievethatsmellisanimportantpartofhistory,butonethatisoftenpretermitted.Throughpictures,photos,videosandaudio(声音)recordingswehaverecordsofhowthingslookedandsounded.Butwedon’thaverecordsofhowtheysmelled.Andyetsmellisanimportantsense.Astheproject’swebsitesays,“Muchmoresothananyothersense,oursenseofsmellislinkeddirectlytoouremotions(情感)andourmemories.”Forthefirstyearandahalf,theprojectwillfocusoncollectinginformationaboutEuropeansmellsgoingbacktothe1500s.Toachievethisgoal,thegroupplanstocreatedigitalversionsofhistoricalbooksinsevendifferentlanguages.Then,theywillusethescannedinformationtotrainanartificialintelligence(AI)systemtolookforanythingrelatedtosmells.Oncethesystemistrained,itshouldbeabletoautomaticallycollectinformationonthesmellsofallsortsofthings.Thefinalpartoftheprojectisevenmorecomplex.Theteamwillworkwithchemistsandpeoplewhomakeperfumetotrytomakethesmellswhicharen’taroundanymorecomebacktolife.Theteamhopestogivenewlifetoabout120differentsmells.OdeuropawillthenofferthesmellstomuseumsacrossEuropetohelpthemdoabetterjobofusingsmellsintheirexhibits,whichisonewayformuseumstoincludepeoplewhohavelostothersenses,suchassightorhearing.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pretermitted”inParagraph2mean?A.Used. B.Researched. C.Ignored. D.Stored.5.WhichofthefollowingisthefirststepofOdeuropa?A.TrainingtheAIsystemtoworkaccurately. B.CollectingrecordsofEuropeansmells.C.Findingoutoldsmellsofdifferenttypes. D.Makingolddocumentsdigitalized.6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsOdeuropa?A.Conservative. B.Objective. C.Favorable. D.Opposed.7.What’sthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.SmellsAreSoImportanttoHumans B.OdeuropaHelpsMuseumsSmellBetterC.HistoricalDocumentsHoldtheLostSmells D.ScientistsResearchandRe-createOldSmellsC(2021·四川高二期末)Iwasbornwithbadeyesight.AthighschoolIcouldn’treadtheblackboard.BythetimeIgottotheuniversityofBathtostudyChemistryithadgottothepointwhereIcouldn’treallyseeimagesatall,onlythedifferencebetweenlightanddark.Andafewyearslater,onceIwasinthefirstyearofmyPhD,Iwasalmostcompletelyblind.Butclimbingismygreatpassion.IstartedclimbingwhenIwasyoung.Mydadtaughtmeeverythingaboutclimbing.WhenIwas11,Iledmyfirstclimbingrouteoutside.PeopleareusuallyamazedwhentheydiscoverthatnotonlydoIclimb,butIalsoleadclimbs.AtuniversityIjoinedtheMountaineeringClubandwasabletoclimbmuchmorefrequently.Wehadregulartripstoindoorwallsandweekendsawayoutdoors.IdevelopedagreatcircleofclimbingfriendsandwentonseveraltripstoEurope.AftertheseIstartedAlpineclimbingandiceclimbing,too.WhenmysightdroppedtoalevelwhereIcouldnolongerread,IthoughtImighthavetogiveupleading.ButIneverthoughtIwouldstopclimbing.Ijustlearnttoadaptwiththesupportofmyfriends.Peopleoftenaskme,“Whyrockclimbing?Itdoesn’tseemlikeagoodactivityforablindperson.”ButwhenIthinkaboutthedanger,crossingtheroadisfarmoredangerous,andalso,it’ssomethingwhereI’mnotincontrol.It’squitepossiblethatIwouldn’tbesuchagoodclimberifIweren’tblind.IfIdidn’thavethesechallenges,itwouldn’tfocusme.Thatdeterminationisbuiltthroughmydisability.WhenIreachthetopofaclimb,Idon’tgettoappreciatetheview,butthefeelingofachievementisextremelygood.Climbingisawaytoprovemywayofthinkinginlife—whichisthatI’mnotdisabled,I’mblindandable.8.Whentheauthorwenttouniversity,he.A.couldn’treadtheblackboard B.couldn’tfigureoutlightanddarkC.nearlycouldn’tseeimages D.wasalmostblind9.Whatdidtheauthordowhenhecouldn’tread?A.Hethoughtaboutquittingclimbing. B.Helearnttoadaptwithothers’help.C.Hecontinuedleadingclimbs. D.HewentonseveraltripstoEurope.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theauthorstartedclimbingattheageof11.B.TheauthorbeganiceclimbingwhenhegothisPhD.C.Theauthorisafraidofcrossingtheroad.D.Theauthorviewsblindnessinapositiveway.11.Whichcanbestexpressthemainideaofthispassage?A.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart. B.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Theeyeisblindifthemindisabsent.D(2020·黑龙江大庆实验中学高二月考)Thehumansenseofsmelliscloselyassociatedwithouremotions.Weuseourlimbicsystem—thepartofthebrainwhichisthoughttocontrolemotion—toconnectoursenseofsmelltoourfeelings.Beforepeopleevenrecognizeasmell,thedeepestpartsofthebrainhavealreadybeenstimulated(激发)andanemotionalresponsehasbeentriggered.Researchhasshownthathumanscanreactemotionallytosmellsthatwecanbarelyevennotice.InonestudyatamajoruniversityinChicago,threesmellsweregiventothirty-onevolunteers.Thesmellswereofdifferentconcentrations,andsomeweresolowthattheywerehardlydetectabletothehumannose.Thedifferentsmellsusedwere:apleasantlemonscent(气味),aneutralanisole(中性苯甲醚),oranunpleasantlysweatysmellingacid.First,thevolunteerswereaskedtopressabuttontoshowwhethertheyhadsmelledanythingornot.Thentheywereshownapictureofaface,whichtheyhadtorateforitslikeabilityusingasix-pointmarkingsystem.Theresultsofthestudyshowedthatwhenpeopleknewtheyhadbeenexposedtoasmell,itdidnotinfluencethewaytheyjudgedthelikeabilityofthefaces.However,whentheybelievedtheyhadnotsmelledanything,buthadactuallybeenexposedtooneofthescents,theratingsoffacelikeabilitychanged.Exposuretoverylowconcentrationsofacid,solowthattheywereundetectable,tendedtoproduceanegativeresponsetoaface.Bycomparison,aftersmellinglemonscentbutagaindetectingnosmell,participantsratedfacesasgenerallylikeable.Thesefindingssupportotherresearchintosenseperception(感觉),whetheritissmell,sight,orhearing,whichshowsthatsubliminal(潜意识的)sensoryinformationdoesaffectourperceptions.12.Whichwordcanbestreplace“triggered”inParagraph1?A.Stopped. B.Changed. C.Controlled. D.Started.13.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.Todiscusshowsmellsareconnectedtoemotions.B.Toexplainwhytheresearchisimportant.C.Todescribehowthestudywasdone.D.Toreporttheresultsofthestudy.14.Whatconclusiondoestheauthorcometo?A.Pleasantandunpleasantsmellshavethesameeffectonpeople.B.Thisstudy’sresultsagreewiththoseofpreviousstudies.C.Othersensesaren’tconnectedtoperceptionthewaysmellis.D.Scentshavealmostnoinfluenceonpeople’semotions.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Effectsofscentsonemotions B.Whatinfluenceshowwefeel?C.Oursensitivesenseofsmell D.Techniquesandsenses二、七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·河北高三)Afavoritemusicaltunecanfuelpositivememories,boostyourmood,andcreatearelaxingsetting.1Herearesomewaystodigintothepowerofmusic。Havingtroublestayingmotivatedduringworkout?2ResearchintheNovember2019PsychologyofSportandExercisefoundthatupbeatmusiccanmakeaworkoutseemlesschallengingandmoreenjoyable.Inthestudy,peopleperformedhigh-intensityintervaltraining(HIIT).Theexercisersinthemusicgroupreportedenjoyingtheirworkoutmorethanthoseintheslowornon-musicgroups.3Butwakinguptoapleasanttoneinsteadofasharpalarmcanreducemorningsleepinessandimproveefficiency,suggestsastudypublishedonlineJan.28,2020,byPLoSOne.Setyoursmartphonealarmtoplaysoft,harmonicsoundsorarelaxingtune.2169002050Musichelpstorelievestressinamedicalprocedure.Ananalysisof72trialsinvolvingalmost7,000patientsfoundthatpatientswholistenedtomusicbefore,during,andaftersurgeryreportedlesspain.Earlierstudieshadfoundthatlisteningtomusicduringdentalworkloweredpeople’sanxietylevels.Musicproducesacalmingeffectbystimulatingthebrain’spleasureregion.Therightchoiceofmusicalsoappearstobenecessary.I4“Musicthatispredictablecanpromotefeelingsofcontrolandcalm,”shesays.Manystudieshaveshownthatstudentswholistentoslowandpeacefulsoundshavelessanxiety.AccordingtoDiaz-Falcon,thesesoundsprovideacalmingenvironmentandblockdistractionsinyourthoughtprocess.Shesays,“Peacefulmusicisalsobelievedtoactivateareasinyourbrainresponsibleforanalyticallythinkingandcreativity,aswellasincreasingthebrain’sabilitytoabsorbandstoreinformation.”5A.Trysomerelaxingmusic.B.Turnupsomemusicwithafastbeat.C.Musichaslongservedasasleepaid.D.ProfessorDiaz-Falconsaysmusiccanincreaseyourenergy.E.Trylisteningtosuchsoundsthenexttimeyoufaceacomplextask.F.Peoplerespondbesttofamiliarmusic,accordingtoProfessorDiaz-Falcon.G.Usedinspecificways,musicisalsoavaluabletoolforsupportingyourhealth.三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(改编自2021·辽宁高三)Ascreendoor(纱门)allowsforanopenviewwhileatthesametimeaffordingadegreeofprivacy.1,communicationbetweenparentsandtheirchildawayatcollegeshouldhaveopennessinexpressingviewpointsbut,atthesametime,itshoulddemonstratearespectforprivacy.Stayingintouchwitheachotherisimportantbecausewithout2,thereisnoconnectionandworrycantakeover.Allinvolvedshouldtrytobe3inlisteningto,understandinganddealingwithspecialconcernsorneedsthatarisewhethertheymaybefromthestudents,parentsorfriends.Forthehappystudentadjustingwellatschool,callstohomecanbeinfrequent.Thisisnotnecessarilyacauseforparentsto4.Whileparentsarenaturally5aboutwhattheirchildisupto,themajorityofstudentsarebusygettingaccustomedtotheirnewhome,makingnewfriendsand6tonewschedulesandactivities.Thefactisthatwithoutanyillintentiononpurpose,theycanspendlittletimethinkingabouthomeandtheymaynotappreciatethedegreeoftheirparents’7curiosity.Forthestudentwhoisnotadjustingwellatschool,callstohomewillprobablybemademore8.Thiscircumstancecanbringa9periodforbothparentandchild.Fortheparentsathome,itcanbeterribly10tosensetheirchildisunhappy.Itisdifficulttojudgehowweshouldreacttothischallenge:as11,wewanttobringourchildrenhometothesafetyofournest;inourparent-teacherrole,wewantto12thetiesandallowourchildtheopportunitytomakeitonhis/herown.Forthestudentawayatschool,unhappinesscanbelonelyandfrighteningandinsomecases,itcanleadtodepressionandillness.Thereisasenseof13forsomehomesickstudentswhofearthatMomandDadwill14theirinabilitytocopewiththenewenvironment.Thisisespeciallytruewhenthehomesickoneseesclassmatesadjustingsomewhateffortlessly.Nomatterwhatthecircumstancesarethathavecreated15,communicationbetweenparentsandchildrenmustremainopen,honestandinbalance.1.A.Relatively B.Contrarily C.Helpfully D.Similarly2.A.sacrifice B.privacy C.hesitation D.communication3.A.sensitive B.confident C.casual D.modest4.A.worry B.regret C.cheer D.wonder5.A.uninformed B.curious C.happy D.sensible6.A.attaching B.referring C.adjusting D.leading7.A.strange B.increasing C.awakened D.normal8.A.formally B.frequently C.sincerely D.patiently9.A.disappointing B.confusing C.challenging D.training10.A.damaging B.disturbing C.demanding D.exhausting11.A.protectors B.reminders C.inspectors D.individuals12.A.maintain B.establish C.restore D.cut13.A.relief B.responsibility C.achievement D.embarrassment14.A.getboredwith B.getupsetwith C.beignorantof D.behonestwith15.A.opportunity B.uncertainty C.unhappiness D.nervousness四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·衡水第一中学高三)Ofalltheeventsintheuniverse,solareclipsesmaylead1tothegreatestchangeinanimalbehavior.2(puzzle)animalsthatareactiveduringthedayheadbacktotheirnightplaceswhilenightanimalsthinkthey’veoverslept.Whenthesun,moonandtheearthare3astraightline,therewillbeaneclipse,sothatthemooncompletelyblocksthesun.Aroundtheworld,whenasolareclipseoccurs,4(usual)phenomenainanimalsareoftenreported.Somespidersstartbreaking5(they)netsduringtheeclipse,justastheyusuallydoattheendoftheday.Oncethesolareclipsehaspassed,theywillstarttorebuildthem.6(similar),fishandbirds,7areactiveduringtheday,gototheirnightrestingplaceswhilebatscomeout.Theyseemtobetrickedby8suddendarkness.Onceit9(observation)thathipposinZimbabwelefttheirriversduringaneclipse,andheadedtowardstheirnight10(feed)placesondryland.Inthemiddleoftheirjourney,thesolareclipsepassed,daylightreturned,andthehipposgaveuptheirefforts.五、写作写作(一)(2021·新人教版必修三综合练)根据下面的提示，以AManofIndependence为题写一篇短文，报道盲人小王服务社会的事迹。1.18岁时因生病双目失明；2.自强自立：做家务、养羊、卖羊赚钱、办广播站；3.播放节目：农业知识、故事、音乐等；4.结果：村民富了，村子有了变化，小王享受快乐。注意：1.不要逐条翻译；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.词数：120左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________写作(二)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2020·河北高三期中)WillieWilsonwouldalwayslivelitetothefullest.HewasMr.Popularatschool,thestarofhismiddleschoolbasketballteam,withdreamsofgoingnationalteam.At13,hislifechanged.Hecouldn’tseethewordsontheblackboardclearlyinclass.Hecouldn’treadbookswithoutdifficulty.Soonhehardlyrecognizedhisschoolmatesinthehalls.Hisparentstookhimtotheeyedoctor.Williecouldstillslam-dunklikenooneelse,sotheythoughttherewasnothingserioustoworryabout.Maybehejustneededglasses.Butitkeptgettingworse.By15,hewasalmostcompletelyblind.Williedidn’thandlethesituationverywell.Hecamehomedrunkandpickedfightsatschoolwithanyonewhodaredtomakefunofhisblindness.“Iwastryingtoshow