山东2025自考健康与医疗保障英语二易错题专练

山东2025自考[健康与医疗保障]英语（二）易错题专练一、选择题（每题1分，共10题）1.TheChinesegovernmenthasimplemented______policiestoimprovehealthcareaccessforruralresidents.A.restrictiveB.supportiveC.prohibitiveD.neglectful2.______isakeycomponentofthenationalhealthinsurancesysteminShandongProvince.A.Out-of-pocketexpensesB.PublichealthsubsidiesC.PrivatemedicalsavingsD.Hospitalbedcharges3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes"healthequity"?A.EqualdistributionofmedicalresourcesB.UniversalhealthcarecoverageC.Cost-sharingmechanismsD.Market-drivenhealthcareservices4.Theterm"socialdeterminantsofhealth"refersto______.A.healthcareprofessionals'rolesB.environmentalandeconomicfactorsC.insuranceclaimproceduresD.medicaltechnologyadvancements5.______istheprimarygoalofChina'sBasicMedicalInsuranceProgram.A.ProfitmaximizationB.FinancialsustainabilityC.UniversalaccessD.Administrativeefficiency6.InShandong,______accountsforthelargestportionofhealthcareexpenditures.A.prescriptiondrugsB.preventivecareC.emergencyservicesD.chronicdiseasemanagement7.Thephrase"primaryhealthcare"emphasizes______.A.specializedmedicaltreatmentB.community-basedhealthservicesC.advancedsurgicalproceduresD.hospital-basedcare8.______isamajorchallengeinShandong'shealthcaresystem.A.MedicalstaffshortagesB.OverutilizationofresourcesC.ExcessiveinsurancecoverageD.Lackofhealtheducation9.The"HealthyChina2030"planfocuseson______.A.short-termdiseasecontrolB.long-termpublichealthimprovementC.privatehealthcareexpansionD.pharmaceuticalindustrygrowth10."Healthmanagement"inChinatypicallyinvolves______.A.surgicalinterventionsB.lifestyleinterventionsC.diagnostictestingonlyD.pharmaceuticaltreatments二、填空题（每题2分，共5题）1.TheShandongProvincialgovernmenthasallocated______fundingtoenhanceruralhealthinfrastructure.2."Healthcaredisparities"refertounequalhealthoutcomesdueto______factors.3.The______systeminChinaensuresthatpatientscanreceivetreatmentwithoutimmediatepayment.4."Preventivemedicine"aimsto______ratherthantreatdiseases.5.The______policyencouragesresidentstosavemoneyformedicalexpenses.三、判断题（每题1分，共10题）1.China'shealthcaresystemisentirelyfundedbythegovernment.(×)2.TheBasicMedicalInsuranceProgramcovers100%ofallmedicalcosts.(×)3.PrivatehospitalsaremoreaffordablethanpublichospitalsinShandong.(√)4.Healthequitymeanseveryonereceivesthesamehealthcareservices.(×)5.Primaryhealthcareisprimarilyfocusedonchronicdiseasetreatment.(×)6.TheHealthyChina2030planprioritizestechnologicalinnovationoverpublichealthinitiatives.(×)7.HealthmanagementinChinaislimitedtoelderlypopulations.(×)8.TheShandonggovernmenthasreducedhealthcaresubsidiesforruralareas.(×)9.Socialdeterminantsofhealthincludeeducationandincomelevels.(√)10.Out-of-pocketexpensesareeliminatedunderChina'smedicalinsuranceschemes.(×)四、简答题（每题5分，共3题）1.BrieflyexplaintheroleofsocialdeterminantsofhealthinShandong'shealthcaresystem.2.DescribethekeydifferencesbetweentheBasicMedicalInsuranceProgramandtheNewRuralCooperativeMedicalScheme(NRCMS)inShandong.3.WhyishealthmanagementimportantinChina'sagingsociety?五、论述题（10分）DiscussthechallengesandsolutionsforimprovinghealthcareaccessinruralareasofShandongProvince.答案与解析一、选择题1.B-Chinahasimplementedsupportivepoliciestoimproveruralhealthcareaccess,aligningwithitsgoalofuniversalhealthcarecoverage.2.B-PublichealthsubsidiesareacorecomponentofShandong'smedicalinsurancesystem,reducingfinancialbarriersforresidents.3.A-Healthequityemphasizesequaldistributionofmedicalresources,ensuringallcitizenshavefairaccesstohealthcare.4.B-Socialdeterminantsofhealthincludesocioeconomicfactorslikeincome,education,andenvironment,influencinghealthoutcomes.5.C-TheBasicMedicalInsuranceProgramaimstoprovideuniversalaccesstohealthcareservices.6.A-PrescriptiondrugsconstitutethelargestshareofhealthcareexpendituresinShandong.7.B-Primaryhealthcarefocusesoncommunity-basedservicestopreventdiseasesandpromotewellness.8.A-MedicalstaffshortagesareapersistentissueinShandong'shealthcaresystem.9.B-The"HealthyChina2030"plantargetslong-termpublichealthimprovementsthroughpreventionandlifestylechanges.10.B-HealthmanagementinChinaoftenincludeslifestyleinterventionstoreducediseaserisk.二、填空题1.Significant-TheShandonggovernmenthasallocatedsignificantfundingtoruralhealthinfrastructure.2.Socioeconomic-Healthcaredisparitiesariseduetosocioeconomicanddemographicfactors.3.Third-partypayment-Thethird-partypaymentsystemensurespatientscanreceivetreatmentwithoutimmediatepayment.4.Preventdiseases-Preventivemedicinefocusesonpreventingdiseasesratherthantreatingthem.5.Medicalsavings-Themedicalsavingspolicyencouragesresidentstosavemoneyformedicalexpenses.三、判断题1.×-China'shealthcaresystemisamixofpublicandprivatefunding.2.×-TheBasicMedicalInsuranceProgramcoversonlyaportionofmedicalcosts.3.√-PrivatehospitalsinShandongaregenerallymoreaffordablethanpublicones.4.×-Healthequitymeansfairaccess,notidenticalservices.5.×-Primaryhealthcareincludespreventivecareandchronicdiseasemanagement.6.×-TheHealthyChina2030planbalancestechnologyandpublichealth.7.×-Healthmanagementappliestoallagegroups.8.×-TheShandonggovernmenthasincreasedhealthcaresubsidiesforruralareas.9.√-Socialdeterminantsincludeeducation,income,andlivingconditions.10.×-Out-of-pocketexpensesremainundermedicalinsuranceschemes.四、简答题1.RoleofSocialDeterminantsofHealthinShandong-Socialdeterminantslikeincome,education,andenvironmentsignificantlyimpacthealthoutcomes.InShandong,ruralresidentsoftenfacelimitedaccesstohealthcareduetolowerincomeandeducationlevels.Policiesmustaddressthesedisparitiestoachievehealthequity.2.DifferencesBetweenBasicMedicalInsuranceandNRCMS-BasicMedicalInsurance(BMI):Coversurbanresidents,higherreimbursementrates,broadernetwork.-NRCMS:Targetsruralareas,lowerreimbursementrates,limitedtobasicservices.3.ImportanceofHealthManagementinAgingSociety-China'sagingpopulationincreaseschronicdiseaseprevalence.Healthmanagementhelpspreventdiseases,reducehealthcarecosts,andimprovequalityoflifefortheelderly.五、论述题ChallengesandSolutionsforRuralHea