2024-2025学年山东省德州市高二下学期7月期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省德州市2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AEveryweekendthereareamazingthingstodoinLosAngeleswithKids!We’vecollectedalistofwhatwethinkarethemostfun,mostinterestingfamilyeventsinLosAngelesthisweekend—soyoucanhavethebesttimetogether!MigrationCelebrationTheFriendsofBallonaWetlandsinvitesfamiliestoitsMigrationCelebrationhappeningonSaturday,May31st.Thisfree,all-ageseventwillgivefamiliesthechancetoexplorethewondersofthewetlandsandincludesgames,guidedtoursofthefreshwatermarsh(沼泽),artsandcrafts,liveshows,andmuchmore.BeachCleanupCelebrateWorldEnvironmentDaywithaspecialBeachCleanuphappeningonSaturday,May31st.VolunteerswillhelpremovetrashfromthebeachandlearnaboutL.A.’slocalwaterways.Byremovingtrashfromourbeaches,we’renotjustcleaningup—we’restandingupforcleanwater,ahealthierL.A.andabetterfutureforall.FamilyNiteColumbiaMemorialSpaceCenterinvitesfamiliestoFamilyNiteonFriday,May30th.Thisfreeeventfeaturesfascinatingtalksonspacerelatedtopicswithexpertspeakersstationedindifferentroomsthroughoutthemuseum.Familieswillenjoyinteractiveexhibitsandhands-onfunforfamilymembersofallages.FinishtheRunandFinishtheRideVisitGriffithParkthisweekendfortwospecialevents—FinishtheRunhappeningonSaturday,May31standFinishtheRideonSunday,June1st.Thesetwospecialeventssupportthelife-savingstrategiestomakeroadssaferforallroadusers.Therearemanyoptionsforparticipantstoconsider,including12-mile,20-mile,35-mile,50-mileand62-milerides.1.WhatcanvisitorsdointheMigrationCelebration?A.Stageawildlifeexhibit. B.Joinincleanupcommunity.C.Workasaguideofliveshows. D.Goonafreshwaterwetlandtour.2.Whichactivitycanyoujointolearnsomefirst-aidmeasures?A.BeachCleanup. B.FamilyNite.C.MigrationCelebration. D.FinishtheRunandFinishtheRide.3.Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?A.Theyalltakeplaceoutdoors.B.Theyallprovidephysicalexercise.C.Theyallintegratepracticalexperience.D.Theyallfocusonlocalenvironmentalprotection.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了洛杉矶周末为孩子们准备的四个有趣且富有教育意义的家庭活动。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据MigrationCelebration部分中“Thisfree,all-ageseventwillgivefamiliesthechancetoexplorethewondersofthewetlandsandincludesgames,guidedtoursofthefreshwatermarsh(沼泽),artsandcrafts,liveshows,andmuchmore.(这个免费的全年龄段活动将让家庭有机会探索湿地的奇观，包括游戏、淡水沼泽的导游、手工艺品、现场表演等等。)”可知，游客在MigrationCelebration中可以进行淡水湿地之旅。故选D。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据FinishtheRunandFinishtheRide部分中“Thesetwospecialeventssupportthelife-savingstrategiestomakeroadssaferforallroadusers.(这两项特别活动支持拯救生命的战略，使所有道路使用者的道路更加安全。)”可推知，FinishtheRunandFinishtheRide活动与安全有关，因此可以推测出参加者可以学习一些急救措施。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据MigrationCelebration部分中“Thisfree,all-ageseventwillgivefamiliesthechancetoexplorethewondersofthewetlandsandincludesgames,guidedtoursofthefreshwatermarsh(沼泽),artsandcrafts,liveshows,andmuchmore.(这个免费的全年龄段活动将让家庭有机会探索湿地的奇观，包括游戏、淡水沼泽的导游、手工艺品、现场表演等等。)”；BeachCleanup部分中“VolunteerswillhelpremovetrashfromthebeachandlearnaboutL.A.’slocalwaterways.(志愿者将帮助清理海滩上的垃圾，并了解洛杉矶的当地水道。)”；FamilyNite部分中“Thisfreeeventfeaturesfascinatingtalksonspacerelatedtopicswithexpertspeakersstationedindifferentroomsthroughoutthemuseum.Familieswillenjoyinteractiveexhibitsandhands-onfunforfamilymembersofallages.(这个免费活动以太空相关主题的精彩演讲为特色，专家演讲者分布在博物馆的不同房间。家庭将享受互动展览和为所有年龄段的家庭成员提供的动手乐趣。)”以及FinishtheRunandFinishtheRide部分中“Thesetwospecialeventssupportthelife-savingstrategiestomakeroadssaferforallroadusers.(这两项特别活动支持拯救生命的战略，使所有道路使用者的道路更加安全。)”可知，这四个活动的共同点是它们都融合了实践经验。故选C。BRidingbikestoschoolshouldn’tbeabigdeal,butitnearlybecameextinctintheUSafterdecadesofhelicopterparentingandautomobile-orientedcities.Likeascientistrestoringathreatenedspecies,SamBalto,aformerschoolteacherfromPortland,Oregon,quithisdayjobtolaunchaninitiativecalledthe“bikebus”—groupsofkidsandfamiliescyclingtoschooltogether.“Well-beingisprioritizedonstreets.Childrenfeelthejoyoffreedom.Communitiesbondwhilepedaling.”saidBalto,whobelievedtheinitiativewasamovement,notamoment.Thebikebusideaactuallystartedbackin2010whenayoungguynamedKielJohnsonorganizedthefirst“biketrains”inPortland—groupsofkidsmetupatdifferentspotsandrodetoschooltogetherlikearollingparade.However,withoutthespreadofsocialmedia,itwashardtogetthewordoutbeyondtheircity.Afterabouttwoyears,thebiketrainsslowlyreachedtheendoftheline.Butgreatideashaveawayofstayingalive.Balto,knowingthebenefitsofphysicalactivityinyoungpeople,chanceduponthevideoof“biketrains”anddeterminedtopropagatetheidea.WhenhepostedhisfirstclipoftheEarthDaybikebus,itwaswatchedmorethan200,000times.Andthatwasjustthebeginning.NowthetrendhasspreadfromthePacificNorthwesttotheWhiteHouse,andbeyond.Usingactivetransportationtocommutetoworkandschool—whetherthat’sabikingbus,orevenawalkingbus—hasmanybenefits.AstheUSDepartmentofTransportationnotesonitswebsite,peoplearehealthierandhappierwhenthey’remoreactive,andreducingthenumberofcarsaroundaschoolcanalsoeasetrafficjamsandcutdownonpollution.BaltonowrunsthenonprofitBikeBusWorld.“Thisawarenesshelpedchangehowpeopleviewaboutkidsbikingtoschool,provingthatit’sfun,safe,andcanbewidelyadopted,”hesaid.4.Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.It’sabigdealtopickupkidsbyhelicopter.B.Theprogramaimstotrainprofessionalcyclists.C.Baltobelievesthebikebusisatemporaryphenomenon.D.ThebikebusinitiativerenewscyclingtraditioninAmerica.5.Whatmainlycausesthedisappearanceoftheoriginal“biketrains”?A.Thelackofpublicattention.B.Theabsenceofsafetymeasures.C.Thedecreaseinstudents’interest.D.Theshortageofcommunitysupport.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propagate”meaninparagraph3?A.Examine. B.Promote. C.Interpret. D.Evaluate.7.WhydoestheauthorquotetheUSDepartmentofTransportation’swebsite?A.Tocomparedifferentmodesoftransportation.B.Toevaluatethecurrenttransportationpolicies.C.Tospreadtheuseofbikingbusesspecifically.D.Toprovethebenefitsofthisactivetransportation.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了SamBalto发起“自行车巴士”项目，重振美国骑行上学传统并推广其益处。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ridingbikestoschoolshouldn’tbeabigdeal,butitnearlybecameextinctintheUSafterdecadesofhelicopterparentingandautomobile-orientedcities.Likeascientistrestoringathreatenedspecies,SamBalto,aformerschoolteacherfromPortland,Oregon,quithisdayjobtolaunchaninitiativecalledthe“bikebus”—groupsofkidsandfamiliescyclingtoschooltogether.(骑自行车上学本不该是什么大事，但在美国，经过几十年的“直升机式育儿”和以汽车为中心的城市发展后，骑自行车上学几乎已经绝迹。来自俄勒冈州波特兰市的前学校教师萨姆·巴尔托就像一位恢复濒危物种的科学家一样，辞去了日常工作，发起了一项名为“自行车巴士”的倡议——一群孩子和家人一起骑自行车上学。)”可知，自行车巴士倡议重振了美国的骑行传统。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“However,withoutthespreadofsocialmedia,itwashardtogetthewordoutbeyondtheircity.Afterabouttwoyears,thebiketrainsslowlyreachedtheendoftheline.(然而，没有社交媒体的传播，很难将这个消息传播到他们的城市之外。大约两年后，自行车火车慢慢走到了尽头。)”可知，缺乏公众关注是导致最初的“自行车火车”消失的主要原因。故选A。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Balto,knowingthebenefitsofphysicalactivityinyoungpeople,chanceduponthevideoof“biketrains”anddeterminedtopropagatetheidea.WhenhepostedhisfirstclipoftheEarthDaybikebus,itwaswatchedmorethan200,000times.(巴尔托深知体育活动对年轻人的益处，偶然间看到了“自行车火车”的视频，便决心propagate这一理念。当他发布首个“地球日自行车巴士”视频时，观看次数超过了20万次。而这仅仅是个开始。如今，这一潮流已从太平洋西北地区蔓延至白宫，甚至更远的地方。)”可知，巴尔托知道体育活动对年轻人的好处，偶然看到了“自行车火车”的视频，并决定推广这个想法。故propagate意思是“推广”。A.Examine.检查；B.Promote.推广；C.Interpret.解释；D.Evaluate.评估。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Usingactivetransportationtocommutetoworkandschool—whetherthat’sabikingbus,orevenawalkingbus—hasmanybenefits.AstheUSDepartmentofTransportationnotesonitswebsite,peoplearehealthierandhappierwhenthey’remoreactive,andreducingthenumberofcarsaroundaschoolcanalsoeasetrafficjamsandcutdownonpollution.(使用主动交通工具上下班或上学——无论是自行车巴士，甚至是步行巴士——都有很多好处。正如美国交通部在其网站上指出的那样，当人们更加活跃时，他们会更健康、更快乐，减少学校周围的汽车数量也可以缓解交通拥堵，减少污染。)”可推知，作者引用美国交通部的网站是为了证明这种主动交通的好处。故选D。CAdolescence(青春期)canbefullofworriesanddifficulties,buttoday’syouthfaceuniquethreatsinawaynotseenbypreviousgenerations,accordingtoanewreportabouttheirhealthandwell-being.Morethanonebillionpeopleaged10to24areatriskofpoorhealthoutcomesby2030,whichrepresentsatleasthalfoftheglobaladolescentpopulation.Thereport,publishedintheLancet,highlightsrisingratesofobesityandmentalhealthissues,alongsidetheimpactsoftechnologyandclimatechange.“EvenIwasshockedbysomeofthesenumbersandfuturepredictions,”saysSarahBaird,aprofessoratGeorgeWashingtonUniversityandacontributortothereport.“It’sclearwearealreadyin,andwillincreasinglyface,acrisisofpoorhealthamongyoungpeople.”Thereport,developedby44experts,includingtenyoungpeople,hasanalyzedaround550qualitystudiessince2021.“Lifeasanadolescenttodayisverydifferentfromtenyearsago,”Bairdnotes.Sheemphasizes,“Givenalltheseotherimportantdemandsforresources,attention,andfocus,adolescentshavefallenintothebackground.It’stimetoremindeveryoneoftheirimportance,asignoringthemduringthisrapidchangecanbedangerous.”Theseissuesareinterconnected;forinstance,mentalhealthandweightproblemsareinfluencedbytechnologyuseandclimateworries.AoifeDoyle,ateacherataLondonmedicalschool,agreesthatadolescenthealthiscritical,“TheLancetreportshowsthatthereistoolittlefundingforadolescenthealthinthegovernmentbudget,whichcan’tmatchthechallengesyoungpeopleface,”shesays,“Thesefactsshouldpushgovernmentstofulfilltheirpromisesofcompletehealthcareservicesforallyoungpeople.”Whilethereissomegoodnewsinthereport’sfindings,suchasdecliningratesofcigarettesmokingandbetteraccesstoeducationforgirls,Bairdwarnsthatyoungpeople’shealthisat“atippingpoint”inafast-changingworld.However,sheremainshopefulaboutyoungpeople’sstrengthanddetermination.“Youngpeopleareconfidentaboutthefuture,”shestates,“Manywanttodotheirparttocreateabettertomorrow.”8.WhatisthefocusoftheLancetreport?A.Theincreasingcostofhealthcare. B.Thebenefitsofnewtechnologies.C.Thehealthproblemsoftoday’syouth. D.Thehistoryofadolescenthealthstudies.9.WhatdoesBairdimplyaboutthecurrentsituationofadolescentsinparagraph3?A.Theyenjoymoreresources. B.Theyarebeingoverlookednow.C.Theyadapttonewchallenges. D.Theyaretrappedinthepast.10.InwhichaspectshouldthegovernmentsmakeeffortsaccordingtoAoifeDoyle?A.Policy. B.Education. C.Investment. D.Innovation.11.WhatisBaird’sattitudetothe“tippingpoint”inthelastparagraph?A.Pessimistic. B.Concerned. C.Doubtful. D.Confident.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要围绕《柳叶刀》发布的最新报告，揭示当代青少年在肥胖、心理健康、技术依赖和气候变化等方面面临的独特健康威胁，指出全球超半数青少年到2030年可能面临健康风险。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thereport,publishedintheLancet,highlightsrisingratesofobesityandmentalhealthissues,alongsidetheimpactsoftechnologyandclimatechange.(这份发表在《柳叶刀》上的报告强调，肥胖率和心理健康问题正在上升，同时还受到科技与气候变化的影响。)”可知，《柳叶刀》报告重点关注了当今青少年面临的健康问题，包括不断上升的肥胖率、心理健康问题以及科技和气候变化带来的影响。故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Sheemphasizes,“Givenalltheseotherimportantdemandsforresources,attention,andfocus,adolescentshavefallenintothebackground.It’stimetoremindeveryoneoftheirimportance,asignoringthemduringthisrapidchangecanbedangerous.”(她强调：“由于其他领域对资源、关注和精力的大量需求，青少年群体被边缘化了。是时候提醒所有人他们的重要性了——在这一快速变化的时期忽视他们，可能会带来危险。”)”中的“havefallenintothebackground”可推测，青少年当前正被忽视。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“AoifeDoyle,ateacherataLondonmedicalschool,agreesthatadolescenthealthiscritical,“TheLancetreportshowsthatthereistoolittlefundingforadolescenthealthinthegovernmentbudget,whichcan’tmatchthechallengesyoungpeopleface,”shesays,“Thesefactsshouldpushgovernmentstofulfilltheirpromisesofcompletehealthcareservicesforallyoungpeople.”(伦敦一所医学院的教师AoifeDoyle也认为青少年健康至关重要：“《柳叶刀》的报告显示，政府预算中用于青少年健康的资金过少，难以应对年轻人面临的挑战。”她表示：“这些事实应当促使各国政府履行承诺，为所有年轻人提供全面的医疗服务。”)”可知，AoifeDoyle认为政府需要在投资方面做出努力，以增加对青少年健康的资金投入。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whilethereissomegoodnewsinthereport’sfindings,suchasdecliningratesofcigarettesmokingandbetteraccesstoeducationforgirls,Bairdwarnsthatyoungpeople’shealthisat“atippingpoint”inafast-changingworld.(尽管报告中也有一些好消息，比如吸烟率下降、女孩的受教育机会增加，但Baird警告说，在这个快速变化的世界里，年轻人的健康正处于“临界点”。)”可知，Baird警告年轻人的健康正处于临界点，说明她对此感到担忧。故选B。DInanerawhentheaveragepersoncheckstheirsmartphonenearly144timesaday,devotingoneselftoalengthynovelorcomplexpieceofliteraturehasbecomeuncommon.Thedigitalrevolution(革命),whilebringingeasyaccesstoinformation,hasdegradedourcapacityfordeepreading.Deepreadingismorethanjustprocessingwordsonapage.It’sanexperiencethatinvolvescriticalthinking,empathy,andknowledgeexploration.Thisformofreadingallowsindividualstoengagewithcomplexideasandconnectemotionallywithtexts.Historically,deepreadinghasbeeninstrumentalineducationandpersonaldevelopment,cultivatingapersoncapableofcriticalthoughtandinnovation.Inadigitalage,thewayweconsumeinformationhasdramaticallychanged.Forinstance,socialmediaplatformsaredesignedtocatchourattentionthroughendlessbrowsingandbite-sizedcontent.Thisdesigncanweakenourpatienceforlonger,moredemandingtexts.AstudyfromMicrosoftCorp.suggestedthatthehumanattentionspanhasdecreasedfrom12secondsin2000toabout8secondstoday,highlightinghowdigitalmediaaffectsourabilitytoconcentrate.Inthedigitallandscape,attentionhasbecomewhatcompaniescompetefor,oftenemployingstrategiesthatdisturbourattentionspan.Notices,advertisements,andbigdata-basedcontentmakeitdifficultforreaderstofindtheuninterruptedtimenecessaryfordeepreading.Ourbrainsareremarkablyadaptable,andthewayweprocessinformationcanchangewithourhabits.Neuroscientists(神经系统科学家)havefoundthatregularinternetusecanrewireneuralpathways,favoringquickdecision-makingandsurfaceprocessingoverdeepthinking.TheInternetencouragesrapid,distractedsamplingofsmallbitsofinformationfrommanysources—amodeofthinkingthatiscontrarytodeepreading.Thedeclineindeepreadingdoesn’tjustaffectindividualcognition(认知).Ithasbroadersocietalconsequences.Ineducation,studentsusedtosurface-levelreadingmaystrugglewithtextsthatrequireanalysisandcriticalthinking.Thistrendcanleadtoaworkforcelesspreparedforjobsthatdemanddeepunderstandingandproblem-solvingskills.12.Whydoesdeepreadingmatteraccordingtoparagraph2?A.Itenhancesreflectiveability.B.Itsimplifiesknowledgeexploration.C.Itacceleratesinformationprocessing.D.Itencouragessocialmediaengagement.13.Whydocompaniesapplydata-drivenbusinessstrategies?A.Toboosteducationalcontent.B.Tocreatebetterreadingenvironments.C.Toencourageuninterruptedreadingsessions.D.Tocompeteforattentioninthedigitallandscape.14.Whatproblemarisesfromdecliningdeepreading?A.Reductioninsocialcognition.B.Overuseofdigitaltexts.C.Difficultyincriticalanalysis.D.Shortageoflearningresources.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.DeepReading:ALostArtintheDigitalAge.B.TheForgottenSkill:DeepReadinginEducation.C.DigitalRevolution:ChangingtheWayWeLearn.D.InformationRevolution:SimplifyingKnowledge.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍数字时代深度阅读减少的现象、原因及其带来的影响。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Deepreadingismorethanjustprocessingwordsonapage.It’sanexperiencethatinvolvescriticalthinking,empathy,andknowledgeexploration.Thisformofreadingallowsindividualstoengagewithcomplexideasandconnectemotionallywithtexts.Historically,deepreadinghasbeeninstrumentalineducationandpersonaldevelopment,cultivatingapersoncapableofcriticalthoughtandinnovation.(深度阅读不仅仅是处理页面上的文字。这是一种涉及批判性思维、同理心和知识探索的体验。这种阅读形式使个人能够接触复杂的思想，并与文本建立情感联系。从历史上看，深度阅读在教育和个人发展中发挥了重要作用，培养了一个具有批判性思维和创新能力的人。)”可知，深度阅读有助于培养批判性思维等能力，即增强反思能力。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Inthedigitallandscape,attentionhasbecomewhatcompaniescompetefor,oftenemployingstrategiesthatdisturbourattentionspan.Notices,advertisements,andbigdata-basedcontentmakeitdifficultforreaderstofindtheuninterruptedtimenecessaryfordeepreading.(在数字领域，注意力已成为企业竞争的对象，它们经常采用干扰我们注意力持续时间的策略。通知、广告和基于大数据的内容使读者很难找到深度阅读所需的不间断时间。)”可知，企业采用数据驱动的策略是为了在数字领域争夺注意力。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Ineducation,studentsusedtosurface-levelreadingmaystrugglewithtextsthatrequireanalysisandcriticalthinking.Thistrendcanleadtoaworkforcelesspreparedforjobsthatdemanddeepunderstandingandproblem-solvingskills.(在教育领域，习惯于表层阅读的学生可能会在需要分析和批判性思维的文本上遇到困难。这种趋势可能会导致劳动力对需要深刻理解和解决问题能力的工作准备不足。)”可知，深度阅读减少会导致学生在批判性分析方面遇到困难。故选C项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Inanerawhentheaveragepersoncheckstheirsmartphonenearly144timesaday,devotingoneselftoalengthynovelorcomplexpieceofliteraturehasbecomeuncommon.Thedigitalrevolution,whilebringingeasyaccesstoinformation,hasdegradedourcapacityfordeepreading.(在一个普通人每天查看智能手机近144次的时代，全身心投入一本长篇小说或复杂的文学作品已变得不常见。数字革命在带来信息便捷获取的同时，也降低了我们深度阅读的能力。)”、第三段中的“Inadigitalage,thewayweconsumeinformationhasdramaticallychanged...highlightinghowdigitalmediaaffectsourabilitytoconcentrate.(在数字时代，我们获取信息的方式发生了巨大变化……凸显了数字媒体如何影响我们的专注力。)”以及最后一段对深度阅读减少带来的社会影响的阐述可知，文章围绕数字时代深度阅读逐渐减少这一核心，强调深度阅读在该时代逐渐成为一种“失落的艺术”。因此，最适合的标题为“DeepReading:ALostArtintheDigitalAge”。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallknowstressfromworkcanfollowushome,butwhatifit’snotjustyourpartnerorkidsfeelingitseffect?AstudybyMitropoulosandAndrukonis,publishedlastweekinScientificReports,uncoversasurprisingyetdeeplyrelatablefinding:yourjobstresscan“crossover”toyourdog,particularlywhenyoucan’tstopthinkingaboutworkafterhours.___16___Thatistosay,evenyourfurrycompanionmightbequietlysufferingalongsideyou.Theinvisiblelink:whenyourstressbecomesyourdog’sDogsareincrediblysensitive.___17___Therefore,itcanbesaidthatdogsaremastersofemotionaldetection.Scientistshavelongknownthatdogsexperienceemotionalcontagion（感染）;inotherwords,they“catch”ourfeelings.Now,thisstudyisoneofthefirsttoshowthatjob-relatedstress,whenpairedwithconstantoverthinking,canresultinrealbehavioralstressresponsesindogs.Themostconvincingfinding?Inthestudy,dogswhoseownersreportedhighjobstressandfrequentlyfocusedonworkshowedmorebehavioralsignsofstress,suchaspacing,whining,orreducedplayfulness.___18___Itsuggestsourdogsmaybemorestressedthanwerealize.Whatcandogownersdo?Manageyouremotionalclues.Dogscansensehumanfeelingseasily.Sotrytobeconsciousofhowyouspeakandmovearoundthem,especiallyduringstressfultimes.___19___.Mindfulnesspractices—likemeditation,deepbreathing,orsimplybeingpresent—helpreducework-relatedoverthinkingandallowforgenuinerelaxationwithyourdog.___20___Ifyourjobstressfeelsunmanageable,considerreachingoutforhelp,whetherfromyouremployer,atherapist,orastressmanagementprogram.Caringforyourselfisoneofthebestwaystocareforyourpet.A.Getsupportifyouneedit.B.Theeffectsofstressonhumansgofurtherthanwethink.C.Turnoffworknotificationsandfullyengagewithyourdog.D.Gentletonesandrelaxedbodylanguagecanhelpcalmyourdog.E.However,ownersinlifeoftenfailtorecognizethesestressbehaviors.F.Theycanreadourfacialexpressionsandsensechangesintoneandposture.G.Itturnsoutourdogssharenotonlyourhomes,butalsoouremotionalburdens.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.D20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工作带来的压力不仅会影响人类自身，还可能“传染”给家中的宠物狗，并给出了狗主人应如何应对的建议。【16题详析】上文“AstudybyMitropoulosandAndrukonis,publishedlastweekinScientificReports,uncoversasurprisingyetdeeplyrelatablefinding:yourjobstresscan“crossover”toyourdog,particularlywhenyoucan’tstopthinkingaboutworkafterhours.(Mitropoulos和Andrukonis上周发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究，揭示了一个令人惊讶却又极易引起共鸣的发现：你的工作压力会“转移”到你的狗身上，尤其是当你下班后还忍不住琢磨工作的时候。)”提到工作压力会转移到狗身上，尤其是下班后还在想工作时。选项G“Itturnsoutourdogssharenotonlyourhomes,butalsoouremotionalburdens.(事实证明，我们的狗狗不仅和我们同住一个屋檐下，还会和我们一同承担情感负担。)”延续上文内容，指出狗会和我们一起承担情感负担。故选G。【17题详析】上文“Dogsareincrediblysensitive.(狗狗异常敏感。)”指出狗非常敏感。选项F“Theycanreadourfacialexpressionsandsensechangesintoneandposture.(它们能读懂我们的面部表情，感知语气和姿势的变化。)”具体解释了狗的敏感体现在哪些方面，与后文“Therefore,itcanbesaidthatdogsaremastersofemotionaldetection.(因此，可以说狗狗是情感探测的高手。)”形成因果关系，衔接自然。故选F。【18题详析】上文“Inthestudy,dogswhoseownersreportedhighjobstressandfrequentlyfocusedonworkshowedmorebehavioralsignsofstress,suchaspacing,whining,orreducedplayfulness.(研究中，那些主人自称工作压力大且频繁惦记工作的狗狗，表现出了更多有压力的行为，比如踱步、呜咽，或是玩耍的兴致降低。)”指出压力大且常想工作的主人，其狗会表现出更多压力行为。选项E“However,ownersinlifeoftenfailtorecognizethesestressbehaviors.(然而，生活中主人往往意识不到这些应激行为。)”通过转折，引出狗的压力被忽视的现象，与后文“Itsuggestsourdogsmaybemorestressedthanwerealize.(这表明我们的狗可能比我们意识到的更有压力)”呼应，符合逻辑。故选E。【19题详析】上文“Manageyouremotionalclues.Dogscansensehumanfeelingseasily.Sotrytobeconsciousofhowyouspeakandmovearoundthem,especiallyduringstressfultimes.(管理好你的情绪信号。狗狗很容易察觉到人的情绪。所以，要留意在它们面前说话的方式和肢体动作，尤其是在压力大的时候。)”建议要注意在狗面前的说话方式和动作，尤其是压力大的时候。选项D“Gentletonesandrelaxedbodylanguagecanhelpcalmyourdog.(温和的语气和放松的肢体语言有助于安抚你的狗狗。)”是对注意说话方式和动作的具体说明，给出了实际做法，衔接紧密。故选D。【20题详析】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Ifyourjobstressfeelsunmanageable,considerreachingoutforhelp,whetherfromyouremployer,atherapist,orastressmanagementprogram.Caringforyourselfisoneofthebestwaystocareforyourpet.(要是工作压力大到难以承受，可以考虑寻求帮助，无论是向雇主求助、找治疗师咨询，还是参加压力管理课程。照顾好自己，也是照顾好宠物的最佳方式之一。)”可知，本段讲的是如果工作压力难以应对，可以寻求雇主、治疗师或压力管理项目的帮助。选项A“Getsupportifyouneedit.(如果需要，寻求支持。)”是对后文内容的概括，作为该段的主题句，引出具体的求助方式，结构合理。故选A。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwasafreezingwinternight.Ihuddled(蜷缩)inthecornerofa24-hourconveniencestore,holdingacupofhotchocolatethathadalreadygone___21___.Failingthejobinterviewwaslikeahitonthechest.Ifeltlikeadeflated___22___allmyhopesanddreamsjustleakingaway.Outsidetheglasswindow,thestarsintheskyweredim(暗),___23___thesorrowinmyheart.Suddenly,thesilencewasbrokenbythewindbells.Anoldmaninawashed-outcottonjacket,itsoriginal___24___hardtotell,pushedthedooropen.Aheavybagwithcleaningtoolsshowedthatperhapshewasacleaner.Inhislefthandwasabunchofwildflowersinfullbloom(盛开).Atthecounter,hetookoutahandfulofloose___25___topayforhishotmilk.Suddenly,coins___26___onthefloor.Naturally,Iknelttohelp___27___them.Heofferedtheflowerstomewith___28___.Whenmyfingertipsbrushedagainsthishands,hiscloudedeyes___29___withaquietwarmth.“Here,child,”hesaid,“Takethese...”Ifrozewiththeflowersinmyhands.Theoldmantoldmehowhe____30____themduringhisearly-morningstreetsweeps,tookthembackhome,orgavethemto____31____strugglingthroughthiscoldwinternight.“Nomatterhowhardlifeis,please____32____somethingtokeepgoing,”hewhispered,“Justliketheseflowers,still____33____bloomingdespitethecold.”Thatnight,Iwalkedhomewiththeflowers.Starlight____34____throughtheclouds,shiningoverme.Truestarlightdoesn’tonlyexistinthevastskyabove,butalsoexistsinthesmall,warm____35____ofordinarysouls.21.A.cold B.sour C.bad D.sweet22.A.bomb B.star C.balloon D.engine23.A.correcting B.guiding C.inspiring D.mirroring24.A.color B.style C.identity D.function25.A.food B.change C.flowers D.receipts26.A.shone B.appeared C.dropped D.flowed27.A.rescue B.count C.pack D.gather28.A.tenderness B.hesitation C.curiosity D.patience29.A.rolled B.closed C.softened D.widened30.A.ordered B.collected C.cleaned D.delivered31.A.strangers B.relatives C.followers D.readers32.A.runoutof B.makeupfor C.takechargeof D.holdonto33.A.randomly B.separately C.determinedly D.generally34.A.looked B.danced C.floated D.sheltered35.A.wisdom B.honesty C.rebirth D.kindness【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在求职失败后的寒夜中，偶遇一位送花的清洁老人的故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我蜷缩在一家24小时便利店的角落里，手里握着一杯早已凉透的热巧克力。A.cold寒冷的；B.sour酸的；C.bad坏的；D.sweet甜的。根据上文“Itwasafreezingwinternight.”可知，事情发生在寒冷的冬夜。而热巧克力原本是热的，但在寒冷环境中会变凉。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己像只泄了气的气球，所有的希望和梦想都在一点点溜走。A.bomb炸弹；B.star星星；C.balloon气球；D.engine发动机。根据下文“allmyhopesanddreamsjustleakingaway”可知，本句中用“漏气的气球”比喻“希望和梦想逐渐消失”，符合逻辑。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：玻璃窗外面，天上的星星黯淡无光，仿佛映照出我心中的悲伤。A.correcting纠正；B.guiding引导；C.inspiring激励；D.mirroring反映。根据上文“Outsidetheglasswindow,thestarsintheskyweredim(暗)”可知，上文说天空的星星很暗，暗的星光与作者心中的悲伤形成呼应，仿佛星星在映照内心的情绪。故选D。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位老人推开了门，他穿着一件洗得褪色的棉夹克，原本的颜色已经很难辨认。A.color颜色；B.style风格；C.identity身份；D.function功能。上文“Anoldmaninawashed-outcottonjacket”中的“washed-out”暗示夹克原本的颜色已难以辨认。故选A。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在收银台前，他掏出一把零钱来买热牛奶。A.food食物；B.change改变、零钱；C.flowers花朵；D.receipts收据。根据空后“topayforhishotmilk”以及“Suddenly,coins______onthefloor.”可知，老人用零钱买热牛奶。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，硬币掉在了地上。A.shone照耀；B.appeared出现；C.dropped掉落；D.flowed流动。根据下文“Naturally,Iknelttohelp______them.”可知，硬币掉落在了地上。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很自然地跪下来帮忙捡拾。A.rescue救援；B.count数数、重要；C.pack打包；D.gather聚集。根据上文“Suddenly,coins______onthefloor.”可知，老人买牛奶的硬币掉落在了地上。而作者跪下来是为了帮老人捡拾硬币。故选D。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他温柔地把花递给我。A.tenderness温柔；B.hesitation犹豫；C.curiosity好奇心；D.patience耐心。根据下文