2024-2025学年山东省菏泽市鄄城县某中学高二下学期开学英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省菏泽市鄄城县某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学英语试卷第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ABestSTEMSummerCampsForKidsCarnegieMellonSAMSCollegepreparationisaprimarygoalofScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(STEM)programs,andCarnegieMellonUniversityoffersanaccelerated(快捷的)summeracademyforthisspecificpurpose.Thebestpartaboutitisthatit’scompletelyfreeforstudents.TheSummerAcademyforMathandScience(SAMS)lastsfiveweeksandprovidesafull-timeeducationalexperienceduringtheschoolbreak.Applicantsneedtobeajuniorinhighschool.MadScienceWorldwideMadScienceWorldwidehasseverallocationsacrosstheUnitedStatesandothercountries.Unlikeothertraditionalcamps,theirSTEMcampsarehostedatschoolsandallowentireclassestoattend.MadScienceWorldwidehassummercampsforkidsages3-12.Sessionsareavailableinhalf-dayandfull-daysessions.Theteacher-to-studentratefallsbetween1:12-1:15,withinstructorswhoareeitherteachersorcollegestudentswithpreviousexperienceteachingchildren.AstroCampLocatedinthebeautifulSanJacintoMountainsofSouthernCalifornia,AstroCampcombinesthetraditionalsummercampswithalargelistofactivitiesfocusedonSTEMlearning.AstroCampofferstwo-weeksessionsofeducationandfuntokidsages8to17.Campactivitieslikerockclimbing,hiking,andsailing,keepcampersactiveinthesun.InSTEMactivitieskidscanexploretheuniversewithtelescopesduringstarnightsorconductexperimentswithgasesandatmosphereinthelab.SpaceCampSomechildrendreamofbeinganastronaut,andtheycanliveoutthosedreamsatSpaceCamp.LocatedinHuntsville,Alabama,incooperationwiththeU.S.RocketandSpaceCenter,SpaceCamphasservedfamiliessince1982.Programsaresixdayslongforcampers9-18.ParentscansharethefunwiththeirchildrenbyenrollingintheFamilySpaceAcademyoption,whichlaststhreedays.Therearealsootherspecialtycampsthatfocusonaviation(航空)andcybersecurity.1.What’sthepurposeofCarnegieMellonSAMS?A.Togetstudentsreadyforhighereducation.B.Toofferscholarshiptohighschoolstudents.C.Toentertainstudentsduringsummerholiday.D.Toprovidestudentswithfull-timecollegeexperience.2.WhatdoweknowaboutAstroCamp?A.Itissponsoredbylocalspacecenter.B.Itisatwo-weekcampbasedataschool.C.Itfeaturesvariousexcitingextremesports.D.ItintegratesregularcampactivitieswithSTEMlearning.3.Whichcamphasactivitiesintendedforbothchildrenandparents?A.AstroCamp. B.CarnegieMellonSAMS.C.SpaceCamp. D.MadScienceWorldwide.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了适合孩子们的几个暑期夏令营。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“CollegepreparationisaprimarygoalofScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(STEM)programs,andCarnegieMellonUniversityoffersanaccelerated(快捷的)summeracademyforthisspecificpurpose.(为大学做准备是科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）项目的主要目标，卡内基梅隆大学为此提供了一个加速的暑期学院)”可知，CarnegieMellonSAMS的主要目的是使学生为大学做好准备。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“LocatedinthebeautifulSanJacintoMountainsofSouthernCalifornia,AstroCampcombinesthetraditionalsummercampswithalargelistofactivitiesfocusedonSTEMlearning.(AstroCamp位于南加州美丽的圣哈辛托山脉，将传统的夏令营与大量专注于STEM学习的活动结合起来)”可知，关于AstroCam将传统的夏令营与大量专注于STEM学习的活动结合起来。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Programsaresixdayslongforcampers9-18.ParentscansharethefunwiththeirchildrenbyenrollingintheFamilySpaceAcademyoption,whichlaststhreedays.(项目为期六天，适用于9-18岁的露营者。家长可以报名参加为期三天的家庭太空学院，与孩子一起分享乐趣)”可知，SpaceCamp提供的夏令营活动有适合孩子和家长的活动。故选C。BIt’satruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatkidsarerarelyfondofeatingtheirgreens.Butfruitsandvegetablesarethefoundationofahealthydiet,whichmakesparentscomeupwithcreativesolutionstogettheirchildrentohappilyeatthem.That’showfoodartistSarahBeachcameupwithanidea—turntheseingredientsintocharacters,animals,objects,andeveninspiringmessages.Herdeliciouscreations,whichshesharesonherFacebook,arealsoafeastfortheeyes.Beach’sadventureintheworldoffoodartbeganin2018,withasimplerabbitdesign.Herfoodartworksnotonlyputasmileonherchildren’sfaces,butalsokeepthemcomingbackformore.Fortheartist,foodarthasalsoprovidedherwithawaytorelaxafterwork.“MostofmydesignsstartduetoaneventorideaIhave.ThenIlookwhichfruitswouldworktomakethedesignappealingtokids,”shesaid.“Colorsarekey.”Stayingtruetoherpurpose,Beachonlyusesfreshfruitandvegetables,alongwithseeds,nuts,andoccasionallyatouchofchocolate.Herartdoesnotcontainanyfoodadditives(添加剂).Stickingtohervaluesaroundfoodhasmadehernoticetheversatility(多功能)ofeachingredient.ForBeach,blueberrieslendthemselvesperfectlyforvariouselements.“Iloveworkingwithblueberries.Youcanusethemforeyes,skin,linesandbackground.Veryhealthyanddeliciousaswell.”Everyonehastheirownuniqueapproachtocreativity.Beachsaid,“Idon’treallyhaveacreativeprocess.Themostbasicofmycreationstakeonlyaround30minutestocreate,whilesomemorecomplexdesignstakeuptotwohours.IgetideaswhenIlistentothenews,readbooksorsurftheInternet.Ihaveadeep-seatedinnerpassiontodevelopnovel,useful,andsometimesbeautifulsolutionstokids’healthyeating.Somyfruitartillustratesmybeliefandpassion.”4.WhydidSarahBeachstartcreatingfoodart?A.Todevelopanewhobbyafterwork. B.Tobecomefamousonsocialmedia.C.Toexperimentwithdifferentfoodingredients. D.Togetkidstoeatfruitsandvegetableshappily.5.WhatdoesSarahsayaboutthecolorsinherfoodartdesigns?A.Theyareessentialtoherfoodart. B.Theyareselectedbythechildren.C.Theyareoptionalforsomedesigns. D.Theyarereplacedbyartificialcolors.6.WhatcanweknowaboutSarahfromthelastparagraph?A.Sheusesnaturalingredientsforherdesigns.B.Sheintegratesloveandcreativityintoherfoodart.C.Shecooperateswithsocialmediaforinspiration.D.Sheisunwillingtoconcentrateonthecreativeprocess.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.FreshFruitsandVegetablesBenefitingChildrenB.PracticalSuggestionsonMaintainingaHealthyDietC.TurnOrdinaryIngredientsintoDeliciousWorksofArtD.SarahBeach’sJourneytoBeaProfessionalFoodArtist【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了SarahBeach如何通过创意食物艺术让孩子爱上果蔬。【4题详析】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“It’satruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatkidsarerarelyfondofeatingtheirgreens.Butfruitsandvegetablesarethefoundationofahealthydiet,whichmakesparentscomeupwithcreativesolutionstogettheirchildrentohappilyeatthem.That’showfoodartistSarahBeachcameupwithanidea-turntheseingredientsintocharacters,animals,objects,andeveninspiringmessages.(众所周知，孩子们通常都不喜欢吃蔬菜。但水果和蔬菜是健康饮食的基础，这促使家长们想出了各种创意方法，让孩子们乐于吃这些蔬果。这就是食物艺术家SarahBeach想出的一个主意——把这些食材变成角色、动物、物品，甚至是鼓舞人心的信息。)”可知，SarahBeach开始创作食物艺术是为了让孩子们快乐地吃水果和蔬菜。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。由文章第三段中““MostofmydesignsstartduetoaneventorideaIhave.ThenIlookwhichfruitswouldworktomakethedesignappealingtokids,”shesaid.“Colorsarekey.”(她说：“我的大部分设计都是源于某个事件或想法。然后我会看看哪些水果能让设计对孩子们更有吸引力。色彩是关键。)”可知，Sarah说颜色在她的食物艺术设计中是必不可少的。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Ihaveadeep-seatedinnerpassiontodevelopnovel,useful,andsometimesbeautifulsolutionstokids’healthyeating.Somyfruitartillustratesmybeliefandpassion.(我内心有着一种根深蒂固的热情，想要为孩子们的健康饮食开发出新颖、实用，有时还很美观的解决方案。因此，我的水果艺术作品体现了我的信念和热情。)”可知，Sarah将爱和创造力融入到了她的食物艺术中。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“It’satruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatkidsarerarelyfondofeatingtheirgreens.Butfruitsandvegetablesarethefoundationofahealthydiet,whichmakesparentscomeupwithcreativesolutionstogettheirchildrentohappilyeatthem.That’showfoodartistSarahBeachcameupwithanidea-turntheseingredientsintocharacters,animals,objects,andeveninspiringmessages.(众所周知，孩子们通常都不喜欢吃蔬菜。但水果和蔬菜是健康饮食的基础，这促使家长们想出了各种创意方法，让孩子们乐于吃这些蔬果。这就是食物艺术家SarahBeach想出的一个主意——把这些食材变成角色、动物、物品，甚至是鼓舞人心的信息。)”可知，本文主要讲述了食物艺术家SarahBeach为了让孩子们快乐吃水果和蔬菜，把这些食材变成人物、动物、物品，甚至是鼓舞人心的信息，即把普通食材变成美味艺术品。所以文章最好的标题是“TurnOrdinaryIngredientsintoDeliciousWorksofArt(把普通食材变成美味艺术品)”。故选C。CWhetherwearesittingdownorstandingup,stillormoving,bodypostureinfluencesourmood.Severalstudieshaveshownthislinkbetweenphysicalpostureandmood.Othershaveshownarelationshipbetweenourmoodandourcognitive(认知的)performance,includingmemory,reasoning,learning,andthespeedofreactionandprocessingofinformation.Soalogicalquestionarises.Canbodypostureinfluenceourcognitiveperformance?Previously,aNewZealandteam(UniversityofAuckland)carriedoutanexperimentonposturewhenwewalk,especiallyinthestreet.Theteamhadfoundaveryclearinfluenceofourpostureonourmoodandconfidence.Itappearsthatwalkingwithahunchedback,bowedheadandmotionlessarmshaveanegativeinfluenceonourmentalstate.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatthesimpleactofstraighteningup,standingupstraight,withyourheadheldhigh,andgazing(注视)forwardgivesusaseriousboostofconfidence.Notonlydoesourspontaneous(自发的)posturehaveapsychologicaleffect,butbycorrectingit,itispossibletobringaboutimprovementinthelongterm.Intheotherstudy,thistimecarriedoutbyanAustrianteam(FriedrichAlexanderUniversityinErlangen-Nuremberg),researchersobservedthesamephenomenon,thistimeinasittingposition.Youngadultswereinvitedtoparticipateintestspresentedasintendedtoassesstheirabilitytoconcentrate.Infact,theresearchershadthemsitindifferentpostures-fromuprighttoveryslumped-inordertonotetheirinfluencesonmoodandcognition.Afirstobservationindicatesthat“sittingupright”isassociatedwithabetteroverallmood.Itisalsofoundtohaveapositiveinfluenceonthespeedofprocessinginformationandcompletingtasks,althoughthetestpassratedoesnotvarysignificantlywithposture.Finally,andsurprisinglyenough,bloodpressureisalittlemorefavorableinanuprightposition.Tofurthercompletethelistofbenefitsofsittingupright,wewilladdthatitiswidelyrecommendedforprotectingthebackincaseofworkthatrequiressittingforalongtime.8.Whydoesthewriterintroducethestudiesatthebeginning?A.Toexplainwhatcognitiveperformanceis.B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofbodyposture.C.Toprovetheresultsofthosestudiesareinaccurate.D.Toraiseanewquestiontobestudiedandsolved.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hunched”meaninparagraph3?A.Straight. B.Bent. C.Loose. D.Solid.10.WhatdoesthestudyconductedbytheNewZealandteamindicate?A.Postureinfluencesourmentalstate. B.Straighteninguphasanegativeeffect.C.Gazingupwardbuildsupconfidence. D.Walkingpostureishardtoadjust.11.Whatcanwelearnaboutsittingupright?A.Itrequiressittingforalongtime. B.Ithelpsimprovethetestpassrate.C.Ithasmentalandphysicalbenefits. D.Itincreasesthebloodpressure.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明身体姿势不仅能够影响我们的情绪，而且能够影响我们的认知表现。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Severalstudieshaveshownthislinkbetweenphysicalpostureandmood.Othershaveshownarelationshipbetweenourmoodandourcognitive(认知的)performance,includingmemory,reasoning,learning,andthespeedofreactionandprocessingofinformation.(几项研究表明，身体姿势和情绪之间存在这种联系。其他研究表明，我们的情绪和认知表现之间存在关系，包括记忆力、推理能力、学习能力、反应速度和信息处理速度)”可知，研究证实了身体姿势和情绪之间的联系，以及情绪与认知表现之间的联系。结合第二段“Soalogicalquestionarises.Canbodypostureinfluenceourcognitiveperformance?(因此，一个合乎逻辑的问题出现了。身体姿势会影响我们的认知表现吗？)”可知，上述的研究发现会让人思考身体姿势与认知表现是否有联系的问题。因此，作者一开始提到这些研究是为了提出一个有待研究和解决的新问题。故选D。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“bowedheadandmotionlessarmshaveanegativeinfluenceonourmentalstate.(低着头、手臂不动走路会对我们的精神状态产生负面影响)”可知，走路的姿势是低头、手臂不动，和这种姿势配合的应该是“驼背”，hunched意思应该与Bent意思一致。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theteamhadfoundaveryclearinfluenceofourpostureonourmoodandconfidence.(研究团队发现，我们的姿势对我们的情绪和信心有非常明显的影响)”可知，新西兰研究小组的研究表明姿势会影响情绪状态。故选A。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Afirstobservationindicatesthat‘sittingupright’isassociatedwithabetteroverallmood.(第一个观察表明，“坐直”与更好的整体情绪有关)”和最后一段“Finally,andsurprisinglyenough,bloodpressureisalittlemorefavorableinanuprightposition.(最后，令人惊讶的是，直立姿势时血压更有利一些)”可知，坐直有利于整体情绪、血压和背部保护，因此具有心理和身体的双重好处。故选C。DWithmorethanhalfthecountrylocatedbelowsealevel,theNetherlandshasahistoryofflooding.Nowclimatechangehasbroughtmoresevereweather,heavyrainfall,andevendroughttothearea,forcingthecityofAmsterdamtoconsidernewwaystoprotectitself,andthat’swhereResiliocomesin.TheprojectResiliobuildsinnovativesmartblue-greenroofsthroughoutAmsterdam.Togetherwiththelocalgovernment,fromtheyears2018to2022theyinstalled(安装)specializedroofsinAmsterdamneighborhoodsthatareinthemostdangerofflooddamage.Theroofsaresimilartotheconceptofgreenroofsbutalotsmarter.That’sbecausetheroofsaremadeofmanylayers.Themostimportantlayeristhewaterremaininglayer.Thislayerservesadoublepurpose.Intimesofheavyrainfall,itcollectsrainwaterthatwouldotherwisefloodthestreets,whileintimesofdroughtthewaterfeedsthegardenonthetoplayer.Itisthislayerthatdifferentiatesblue-greenroofsfromregulargreenroofs.AstudyintheJournalofEnvironmentalManagementshowsthatblue-greenroofscancollectupto97percentofextremerain,asopposedtotheabout12percentthatregulargreenroofscancollect.WhatmakesResilioroofssounique,however,aretheirsmartsystems.Multipleblue-greenroofsareconnectedthroughadigitalnetwork,meaningtheroofscaneachbecontrolledindividually,respondingtotheamountofwatercollectedonthatparticularroofasneeded.Eachroofalsohasasmartvalve(阀门)thatisconnectedtoacomputersystemcalledtheDecisionSupportSystem(DSS).TheDSSnetworkswithlocalweatherforecaststodecidewhetherthevalveonaparticularroofshouldopen,spillingwatersafely.andslowlyintothesewer(下水道)system,orwhetheritshouldremainclosedandcollectthecomingrain.ThesearetheinnovationsthatmakeResiliotrulyrevolutionary.Blue-greenroofsshowthatthesolutionstothedangersthatclimatechangebringsneedtobecreativeandmustworkonmanylevels.12.WhatisthepurposeoftheResilioprojectinAmsterdam?A.Tostudytheeffectoftheblue-greenroofs. B.Tocreategardensonthetopofthebuildings.C.Toinstallspecializedroofsinneighborhoods. D.Topromotecreativesolutionstoclimatechange.13.Whatdoestheauthormainlyshowinparagraph3?A.Thewidespreaduseoftheblue-greenroofs. B.Theintelligenceoftheblue-greenroofs.C.Thesignificanceofwaterremaininglayer. D.Thenewapproachtocollectingrainwater.14.Howdoestheauthorshowtheeffectivenessofblue-greenroofsinparagraph4?A.Bypresentingreasons. B.Byanalyzingtypicalcases.C.Byquotingresearchfindings. D.Bycomparingopinions.15.Whatmakescontrollingthewaterleveloneachroofsystempossible?A.Thegovernment’ssupport. B.ThesmartnetworksinResilio.C.Theconvenientsewersystem. D.Thepreciseweatherforecast.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍气候变化给阿姆斯特丹市带来了更恶劣的天气、强降雨，甚至干旱，迫使其应用Resilio项目，在整个阿姆斯特丹建造创新的智能蓝绿色屋顶。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Withmorethanhalfthecountrylocatedbelowsealevel,theNetherlandshasahistoryofflooding.Nowclimatechangehasbroughtmoresevereweather,heavyrainfall,andevendroughttothearea,forcingthecityofAmsterdamtoconsidernewwaystoprotectitself,andthat’swhereResiliocomesin.(荷兰有一半以上的国土位于海平面以下，有洪水泛滥的历史。现在，气候变化给该地区带来了更恶劣的天气，暴雨，甚至干旱，迫使阿姆斯特丹市考虑新的保护自己的方法，这就是Resilio的作用所在)”和第二段“TheprojectResiliobuildsinnovativesmartblue-greenroofsthroughoutAmsterdam.(Resilio项目在阿姆斯特丹各地建造了创新的智能蓝绿色屋顶)”由此推断，阿姆斯特丹Resilio项目就是促进解决气候变化的创造性方案。故选D。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Theroofsaresimilartotheconceptofgreenroofsbutalotsmarter.That’sbecausetheroofsaremadeofmanylayers.Themostimportantlayeristhewaterremaininglayer.Thislayerservesadoublepurpose.Intimesofheavyrainfall,itcollectsrainwaterthatwouldotherwisefloodthestreets,whileintimesofdroughtthewaterfeedsthegardenonthetoplayer.(屋顶类似于绿色屋顶的概念，但更智能。那是因为屋顶有很多层。最重要的一层是水残留层。这一层有双重作用。在大雨的时候，它收集雨水，否则会淹没街道，而在干旱的时候，水浇灌在顶层的花园)”可知，该段主要讲述蓝绿色屋顶的智能性。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Itisthislayerthatdifferentiatesblue-greenroofsfromregulargreenroofs.AstudyintheJournalofEnvironmentalManagementshowsthatblue-greenroofscancollectupto97percentofextremerain,asopposedtotheabout12percentthatregulargreenroofscancollect.(正是这一层将蓝绿色屋顶与普通绿色屋顶区分开来。发表在《环境管理杂志》上的一项研究表明，蓝绿色屋顶可以收集多达97%的极端雨水，而普通绿色屋顶只能收集12%的极端雨水)”可知，作者通过引用研究发现来展示蓝绿色屋顶的有效性。故选C。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“WhatmakesResilioroofssounique,however,aretheirsmartsystems.Multipleblue-greenroofsareconnectedthroughadigitalnetwork,meaningtheroofscaneachbecontrolledindividually,respondingtotheamountofwatercollectedonthatparticularroofasneeded.(然而，使Resilio如此独特的是它们的智能系统。多个蓝绿屋顶通过数字网络连接起来，这意味着每个屋顶都可以单独控制，根据需要在特定屋顶上收集的水量做出反应)”可知，Resilio系统中的智能网络使得控制每个屋顶系统的水位成为可能。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatisitthatallowsSteveJobsandElonMusktoinnovatesoconsistently?____16____It’sabouttryingtostepoutsideofthementalrestrictionsweimpose(强加于)uponourselvestoattempttolookataprobleminanewlight.Beingcreativeallowsyourselftodothings,experiencethingsorconsiderthingsinunfamiliarways.____17____Becurious.Creativityatworkisnotlimitedonlytowhatgoesonintheworkplace.Ifyouwanttobeacreativeandinnovativeindividual,youneedtobroadenyourhorizons.___18___Thiscanhelpyoulearnaboutasmanyfieldsofknowledgeasyoucan.Ifyouhaveatoonarrowoutlook,youwon’tbeabletobreakoutofyourlimitedworldviewandmaketheconnectionsyouneedtohaveoriginalthoughts.___19___Ifcreativityisallabouthavingdifferentperspectivesandviewpoints,thenitmustmakesensetohirepeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsandwithdifferentexperiences.Ifyou’retheboss,don’tsimplyhirepeopleinyourownimage.Ifyoupopulateyourofficewithyourclonesandyourcompanywithlike-mindedpeople,creativitywillsuffer.Amuchbetterhiringpolicyistotrytocreateateamasdiverseaspossible.Whenitcomestodiscussionsandcomingupwithnewideas,youwillgaintherewards.Surroundyourselfwithinspiration.Alwaysbeonthelookoutfornewandexcitingmaterialanddecorateyourworkspacewithwhateveryoufind.___20___It’suptoyou.Makesureyoukeepreplacingeverythingtoo—itwillkeepyourspacefresh,andthis,inturn,willkeepyourmindfresh.Aboveall,don’tletyourenvironmentbecomedullandboring.A.Buildadiverseteam.B.Organizebrainstormingsessionsinyourteam.C.Trytostepoutsideoftheworldyouarefamiliarwith.D.Hereareafewthingstohelpyoubemorecreativeatwork.E.Creativityisabouttryingtoseethingsfromadifferentangle.F.It’samazingthatasimplechangeofscenerycanhelpyourcreativityflowagain.G.Itcouldbenewspaperheadlines,inspiringsentences,objects,photosoranythingelse.【答案】16.E17.D18.C19.A20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何培养创造力给出三条建议。【16题详析】根据下文“It’sabouttryingtostepoutsideofthementalrestrictionsweimpose(强加于)uponourselvestoattempttolookataprobleminanewlight.Beingcreativeallowsyourselftodothings,experiencethingsorconsiderthingsinunfamiliarways.(它是关于试图走出我们强加给自己的精神限制，试图从新的角度看待问题。有创造力可以让你用不熟悉的方式去做事情、体验事情或思考事情。)”可知，这都是对creativity的解释，所以it指代前面的creativity，空格处应该是提出creativity这一概念，所以E选项“创造力就是尝试从不同的角度看问题。”符合题意，故选E。【17题详析】结合上文并根据下文的小标题可知，文章就如何培养创造力给出了三条具体建议，所以D选项“这里有一些方法可以帮助你在工作中更有创造力。”能够承接上文并引出下文，符合语境，故选D。【18题详析】根据上文“Creativityatworkisnotlimitedonlytowhatgoesonintheworkplace.Ifyouwanttobeacreativeandinnovativeindividual,youneedtobroadenyourhorizons.(工作中的创造力并不仅仅局限于工作场所。如果你想成为一个有创造力和创新精神的人，你需要拓宽你的视野。)”可知，下文应是拓宽视野的做法，C选项“试着走出你所熟悉的世界。”符合题意，并且呼应上文的不仅仅局限于工作场所，故选C。【19题详析】根据本段的最后两句“Amuchbetterhiringpolicyistotrytocreateateamasdiverseaspossible.Whenitcomestodiscussionsandcomingupwithnewideas,youwillgaintherewards.(更好的招聘策略是创建一个尽可能多样化的团队。当涉及到讨论和提出新想法时，你将获得回报。)”可知本段主要讲的是要创建一个多样化的团队，所以A选项“建立一个多样化的团队。”符合本段主旨，适合做小标题，故选A。【20题详析】根据上文“Alwaysbeonthelookoutfornewandexcitingmaterialanddecorateyourworkspacewithwhateveryoufind.(总是在寻找新的和令人兴奋的材料，用你找到的任何东西装饰你的工作空间。)”可知，下文应是关于一些能找到的装饰物，G选项“它可以是报纸标题、励志句子、物品、照片或其他任何东西。”正是具体的装饰物，符合题意，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asaparent,therearecertainsituationsyoucan’thelpbutfear.OneofthosehappenedtoStephanieGeorgerecently.OnSaturday,sheandher7-year-oldsonSebastianwerespendinga____21____eveningtogether.BecauseSebastianhasararegeneticdisability,he____22____throughafeedingtube(管子).Usually,heexperiencesno____23____.Butonthatnight,somethingwentwrong.Itturnsoutthatthepotatoandchickenwasn’tgot____24____wellenoughforthe7-year-old.Asaresult,thefoodgotstuckinhisthroat.Hebeganto____25____.Stephaniedidherbesttostay____26____,butitdidn’ttakelongforthissituation-tobecometerrible.Asaresult,thismomhurriedto____27____herphone,butasshewastypingthenumber911andlookingto____28____Sebastian,hewasalreadyblue.That’swhenshestartedto____29____.Afraidthathelpwouldn’tarriveintime,Stephanie____30____toaneighbornamedGaryHutchinson.WithSebastianinher____31____,shespoketoGarythroughhisdoorbellcamerawhilehemadehiswaytothem.Despitethe____32____situation,bothadultswereabletoremaincalmandactquickly.____33____,GaryhashadCPRtraining,soherecoveredhisinstincts(本能)onceSebastianwasinhis____34____.So,terrifyingasthissituationwasforallthreeofthem,intheend,this7-year-oldwas____35____justintime.He’sdoingjustfinenow!Stephaniecouldn’tbemoregrateful.21.A.exceptional B.normal C.painful D.desperate22.A.breathes B.shifts C.digests D.eats23.A.operation B.issues C.delays D.blame24.A.melt B.packed C.cleaned D.mixed25.A.scream B.bleed C.choke D.chew26.A.calm B.strict C.optimistic D.outstanding27.A.drop B.arrange C.grab D.select28.A.assess B.encourage C.treat D.justify29.A.complain B.panic C.reform D.collapse30.A.rangup B.droveaway C.rushedover D.cameback31.A.arms B.knees C.wheelchair D.hands32.A.amazing B.confusing C.frightening D.embarrassing33.A.Ultimately B.Initially C.Obviously D.Thankfully34.A.motivation B.care C.assumption D.experiment35.A.saved B.connected C.praised D.convinced【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.D25.C26.A27.C28.A29.B30.C31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了斯蒂芬妮·乔治和患有遗传缺陷的儿子吃饭时，儿子因为食物被卡在了喉咙，导致窒息。斯蒂芬妮情急之下向邻居加里·哈钦森求助，让儿子最终得救。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：周六，她和她7岁的儿子塞巴斯蒂安正在一起度过一个正常的夜晚。A.exceptional卓越的；B.normal正常的；C.painful痛苦的；D.desperate绝望的。根据上文“OnSaturday,sheandher7-year-oldsonSebastianwerespendinga”指母子俩在周六正度过一个正常的夜晚，故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为塞巴斯蒂安有一种罕见的遗传缺陷，他通过喂食管进食。A.breathes呼吸；B.shifts移动；C.digests消化；D.eats吃。根据上文“Sebastianhasararegeneticdisability”指因为儿子有一种罕见的遗传缺陷，所以他通过喂食管进食。故选D。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常，他不会遇到任何问题。A.operation手术；B.issues问题；C.delays推迟；D.blame责备。根据后文“Butonthatnight,somethingwentwrong.(但那天晚上，出了问题)”可知，后文发生了转折，说明通常情况下不会遇到任何问题。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，对于这个7岁的孩子来说，土豆和鸡肉混合得不够好。A.melt融化；B.packed打包；C.cleaned清理；D.mixed混合。根据上文“thepotatoandchicken”以及后文“Asaresult,thefoodgotstuckinhisthroat.(结果，食物卡在了他的喉咙里)”可知，土豆和鸡肉混合得不够好，导致被卡在了喉咙里。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始窒息。A.scream尖叫；B.bleed流血；C.choke窒息；D.chew咀嚼。根据上文“Asaresult,thefoodgotstuckinhisthroat.(结果，食物卡在了他的喉咙里)”可知，食物卡在了他的喉咙里，导致他开始窒息了。故选C。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：斯蒂芬妮尽力保持冷静，但没过多久，情况就变得很糟糕。A.calm平静的；B.strict严格的；C.optimistic乐观的；D.outstanding杰出的。根据后文“bothadultswereabletoremaincalm”可知，母亲一开始尽力保持冷静。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，这位妈妈赶紧拿起她的手机，但当她正在输入911号码，想要评估塞巴斯蒂安的时候，他已经脸色发青了。A.drop落下；B.arrange安排；C.grab拿起，抓住；D.select选择。根据后文“herphone,butasshewastypingthenumber911”指抓起电话要拨打911求助，故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果，这位妈妈赶紧拿起她的手机，但当她正在输入911号码，想要评估塞巴斯蒂安的时候，他已经脸色发青了。A.assess评估；B.encourage鼓励；C.treat对待；D.justify辩解。根据后文“Sebastian,hewasalreadyblue”可知，母亲想要评估儿子的情况，发现儿子脸色发青了。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时她开始恐慌起来。A.complain投诉；B.panic恐慌；C.reform改革；D.collapse倒塌。根据上文“hewasalreadyblue”可知，儿子脸色发青了，母亲开始恐慌起来。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于担心救援无法及时到达，斯蒂芬妮赶紧跑去找邻居加里·哈钦森。A.rangup结账；B.droveaway赶走；C.rushedover匆忙赶去；D.cameback回来。根据后文“toaneighbornamedGaryHutchinson”指母亲赶紧跑去找邻居加里·哈钦森求助，故选C。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把塞巴斯蒂安抱在怀里，在加里向他们走来的时候，她通过他家门铃上的摄像头跟他说话。A.arms胳膊；B.knees膝盖；C.wheelchair轮椅；D.hands手。根据上文“WithSebastianinher”以及儿子当时窒息了，推测是把儿子抱在怀里找邻居求助，其他选择不符合语境。故选A。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管情况很可怕，但两位成年人都能保持冷静，并迅速采取行动。A.amazing惊讶的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.frightening可怕的；D.embarrassing令人尴尬的。根据后文“terrifyingasthissituation”此处指当时的情况很可怕。故选C。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，加里接受过心肺复苏术训练，所以在他照看塞巴斯蒂安之后，他恢复了本能。A.Ultimately最终；B.Initially首先；C.Obviously显然；D.Thankfully感谢地。根据后文“GaryhashadCPRtraining”可知，幸运的是邻居接受过急救训练，可以帮上忙。故选D。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，加里接受过心肺复苏术训练，所以在他照看塞巴斯蒂安之后，他恢复了本能。A.motivation动力；B.care照顾，照看；C.assumption假定；D.experiment实验。根据上文“GaryhashadCPRtraining,soherecoveredhisinstinctsonceSebastianwasinhis”以及母亲抱着窒息的儿子来求助，所以此处指邻居照顾窒息的儿子，故选B。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，尽管这种情况对他们三个人来说都很可怕，但最后，这个7岁的孩子及时得救了。A.saved挽救；B.connected连接；C.praised赞美；D.convinced使确信。根据后文“He’sdoingjustfinenow!(他现在很好)”可知，儿子及时得救了。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PassantSayedKhalilisaChineseteacherattheConfuciusInstituteofCairoUniversityinEgypt.ShebeganlearningChineseatthesuggestionofherfather,____36____believedthattherelationshipbetweenEgyptandChinawasbecomingincreasinglyclose,makinglearningChinesevery____37____(benefit)tofuturedevelopment.However,herjourneyoflearningChinesewasfullof____38____(challenge).PassantSayedKhalilrecalledfacingpronunciationdifficultiesinthefirstweekoflearningChineseatCairoUniversity.“Chineseis____39____(complete)differentfrommynativeArabiclanguage.SoIneededtoputinextrae