2024-2025学年山东省济宁市某中学高二上学期开学收心考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省济宁市某中学2024--2025学年高二上学期开学收心考试英语试卷第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APodcasts(播客)maybeeverywhere.Haveyoueverpaidforeducationalpodcastsorlivevideos?Asksomepeopleandmostofthemwillsayyes.Podcasthasbeenmoreandmorefashionabletheseyears.Thecontentsofthesepodcastsarefromlanguagelearningtogardeningorbaby-caring.Everythingyouthinkofcanbefoundonlineatthismoment.Peopleturntoitforsomeusefulinformation,andoftensuchinformationisatthehandsofexpertswhoservewell-knowncompaniesoruniversities.Youwillgainwhatyouwanttoget.Herewerecommendsomeforyoutolistento.MyParachute(降落伞)Won’tOpen!Skydivinghasassociatedrisks.Forexample,theopeningoftheparachutewillnotgoaccordingtoplan.WhenTimothyVerissimolookedup,heexpectedtoseeacomfortingunfoldedcanopy(顶罩)abovehim.Instead,theNewZealandhighschoolstudentsawamassofchaoticstrings.Hisexperiencewillmakeyouremotionsrunhigh.TumbleScienceisbroughttolifeinthispodcastthattellsstoriesaboutsciencediscoverieswiththehelpofscientists.Theyanswerquestionsfromwhycatsalwaysseemtolandontheirfeettowhatajourneytothecenteroftheearthwouldlooklike.Tumbleisasciencepodcastforkidsandcanbeenjoyedbytheentirefamily.Short&CurlyAimedatprimaryschoolchildrenandtheirparents,thisfun-filledmoralspodcasttalksaboutsubjectssuchas:Isitfairtopunishthewholeclass?Aresomeliesactuallyokay?Frombanningwrappedsweetstooccupyingotherplanets,thispodcasthelpskidsfindtheirwayaroundtrickytopics.LibriVoxThismonthwehighlightthemostimportantsiteforfreereadingmaterialdownloads,,whichprovidesopenaccesstoover15,000recordings.ThetextsareallinthepublicareaandincludefamousonessuchasTreasureIslandandFrankenstein.HOWTOGETPODCASTSTolistenontheweb:Inasearchengine,lookup“LibriVox”,forexample,andclickontheplaybutton.Todownload:DownloadanappsuchasPodcatcheroriTunesonyourdeviceandsimplysearchbytitle.1.Whydopeopleenjoywatchingpodcastsorlivevideosaccordingtothepassage?A.Becausetheyarethepodcasts’fans.B.Becausetheyhopetofollowtheexample.C.Becausetheyarefascinatedbytheproducts.D.Becausetheywanttogainusefulinformation.2.Whatpodcastsaredesignedmainlyforchildrenandtheirfamilies?A.TumbleandLibriVox. B.Short&CurlyandLibriVox.C.TumbleandShort&Curly. D.MyParachuteWon’tOpenandTumble.3.Whydoestheauthorwritethispassage?A.Topersuadereaderstobuytheproducts.B.Toadvertiseapodcastappforacompany.C.Torecommendsomegoodpodcaststoreaders.D.Totellreadershowtointeractwiththesepodcasters.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个博客以及下载方式。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Peopleturntoitforsomeusefulinformation,andoftensuchinformationisatthehandsofexpertswhoservewell-knowncompaniesoruniversities.(人们向它寻求一些有用的信息，而这些信息通常是由知名公司或大学的专家提供的)”可知，人们喜欢看播客或视频直播是因为他们想获得有用的信息。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Tumble部分中“Tumbleisasciencepodcastforkidsandcanbeenjoyedbytheentirefamily.(Tumble是一个为孩子们准备的科学播客，全家人都可以享受)”以及Short&Curly部分中“Aimedatprimaryschoolchildrenandtheirparents,thisfun-filledmoralspodcasttalksaboutsubjectssuchas:Isitfairtopunishthewholeclass?Aresomeliesactuallyokay?(针对小学生和他们的家长，这个充满乐趣的道德播客讨论了诸如：惩罚整个班级公平吗？有些谎言真的可以吗？)”可知，Tumble和Short&Curly主要是为孩子和他们的家庭设计的。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Podcasthasbeenmoreandmorefashionabletheseyears.Thecontentsofthesepodcastsarefromlanguagelearningtogardeningorbaby-caring.Everythingyouthinkofcanbefoundonlineatthismoment.(这些年来，播客越来越流行了。这些播客的内容从语言学习到园艺或照顾婴儿。你想到的一切都可以在网上找到)”结合文章主要介绍了四个博客以及下载方式。可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了向读者推荐一些好的播客。故选C。BWhenthefifthgradeschoolyearwasalmostover,allthegirlsmadeautograph(签名)books.AsIsignedmyclassmates’books,Inoticedtheirmomshadwritteninthem,too.“Icouldn’tbeprouderofyou.Can’twaittoseehowyoulikejuniorhigh!”“Congratulations!Weloveyouandknowyouhaveabrightfuture!”Iaskedmymothertosignmine,too.Whenshehandeditbacktome,Iwasanxioustoseewhatshehadwritten.ThisiswhatIfoundonthepage:Whenathingisfirstbegun,Neverleaveittillit’sdone.Bethelaborgreatorsmall.Doitwellornotatall.Thatwasit?Iwasfrozen.Itwasanindicationtomethat,ifIcouldn’tbeperfect,Iwasn’tgoodenough.Iheldbackmytears,leftthepageinbutsecretlyhopedmyclassmateswouldn’treadit.Doitwellornotatall.Foryears,Ibattledperfectionismandneverfeltgoodenoughformostofmylife.Whenmymotherwasinhereighties,Igaveherabooktofilloutsowecouldknowmoreabouther.Ithadquestionsatthetopofeachpageandthenblankspacetorespond.Isecretlyhopedshe’dbeenworkingonitallalong.Sadly,notlongafter,mymotherpassedaway.WhenIsortedoutherbelongings,whatIwantedmorethananythingwasthatbook.WhatIfoundstoppedmeshort.Onpageten,thequestionwas,“What’sthebestadviceyougotfromyourparents?”Herresponsewaswhatshehadwritteninmyautographbook.EventhoughI’dmemorizedityearsago,Ireaditataslowerpacenow,seeingitinanewlight.Itwaswrittentoherbyhermother,andshewaspassingitdowntoherdaughterinthesameway.Agiftfromhertome.Shewasgivingmetreasured,valuableadvicewhenallIwasthinkingaboutwerewordsofpraise.Iunderstanditnow.4.Inparagraph1,theauthorfoundthatwordsfromotherclassmates’moms________.A.containedreflectiononlifeB.expressedtheirthankfulnessC.showedprideintheirchildrenD.featuredaformalwritingstyle5.Seeinghermom’swordsontheautographbook,howdidtheauthorfeel?A.Disappointed. B.Motivated. C.Hopeful. D.Anxious.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5imply?A.Theauthormemorizedthewordsfromhermom.B.Theauthorwassurprisedtoseethesamewordsagain.C.Theauthorfounditeasytoseethewordsclearlyunderthelight.D.Theauthorbegantohaveanewunderstandingofhermom’swords.7.Whatgiftdidtheauthor’smomgiveher?A.Avisionofaperfectworld.B.Encouragementtodothingswell.C.Hermom’swisdomoflovingyourself.D.Hermom’sadviceonlivingataslowpace.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者起初对妈妈在签名簿上的写的内容不理解，在母亲去世后作者才理解了那些话的意义。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inoticedtheirmomshadwritteninthem,too.“Icouldn’tbeprouderofyou.Can’twaittoseehowyoulikejuniorhigh!”“Congratulations!Weloveyouandknowyouhaveabrightfuture!”(我注意到他们的妈妈也在上面写了字。“我为你感到无比骄傲。等不及想看看你的初中生活了!”“恭喜你!我们爱你，知道你有一个光明的未来!”)”可知，在第一段中，作者发现其他同学妈妈的话是以他们的孩子为傲。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据正文第三段“Thatwasit?Iwasfrozen.Itwasanindicationtomethat,ifIcouldn’tbeperfect,Iwasn’tgoodenough.Iheldbackmytears,leftthepageinbutsecretlyhopedmyclassmateswouldn’treadit.(就这样？我僵住了。这对我来说是一种暗示，如果我不能做到完美，我就不够好。我强忍着眼泪，留下了那一页，但心里暗暗希望同学们不要看。)”可知，看到妈妈在签名簿上写的字，作者是失望的，故选A。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“EventhoughI’dmemorizedityearsago,Ireaditataslowerpacenow,seeingitinanewlight.(尽管我多年前就已经记住了，但我现在读它的速度变慢了，以一种新的眼光看待它。)”和最后一段“Iunderstanditnow.(我现在明白了。)”可知，第5段划线的句子表示作者开始对她妈妈的话有了新的理解。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据作者妈妈写的话“Whenathingisfirstbegun,Neverleaveittillit’sdone.Bethelaborgreatorsmall.Doitwellornotatall.(当一件事刚开始时，不做完就不要离开。无论劳动是大是小。要么做好，要么不做。)”以及最后一段的“Itwaswrittentoherbyhermother,andshewaspassingitdowntoherdaughterinthesameway.Agiftfromhertome.(这封信是她母亲写给她的，她正以同样的方式传给女儿。是她送给我的礼物。)”可知，作者的妈妈写的这些话就是给作者的礼物，从这些话可知，作者的妈妈鼓励作者把事情做好，故选B。CSolarpanels—alsoknownas“photovoltaic”panels—areusedtoturnsunlightintoelectricity.Mostsolarpanelsareplacedonlandinlargecollectionscalledsolarfarms.Butrecentlypeoplehavebeguntoexploreputtingfloatingsolarpanelsonwater.Becausethesepanelsfloat,somepeoplecallthem“floatovoltaics”.Theideaisn’tasunusualasitmightseem.Afterall,anysolarpanelhastobewaterproof,sinceitwillbeoutintherain.TherearealreadyseverallargefloatovoltaicfarmsinAsia.Onland,sopanelsareheldupbyspecialframes(框架).Onthewater,floatovoltaicsareplacedonafloatingplatformattachedtothebottomofalakeorreservoir(水库).Floatingsolarpanelscostabout25%morethanthoseplacedonland.Theresearchersbehindthenewstudylookedat145,555reservoirsworldwide.Theyusedcomputerprogramstofigureouthowmuchelectricitycouldbeproducedyearlybycovering30%ofthesereservoirswithfloatingsolarpanels.Theanswerwassurprisinglylarge—morethantwicetheamountofenergytheUnitedStatesgeneratesinayearand10timesasmuchenergyasallthesolarpowercurrentlybeinggeneratedintheworld.Floatovoltaicscanalsohelpsavewaterbylimitingevaporation(蒸发)fromreservoirs.Thescientistssaythatsolarpanelscoveringjust30%ofthereservoirs’surfacescouldsaveasmuchwateras300millionpeoplewoulduseinayear.Thereareseveralotherreasonsthatmakefloatovoltaicsagoodidea.Photovoltaicpanelsworkbetterwhenthey’renotextremelyhot.Thewaterhelpscoolthepanelssothattheycreatemoreenergy.Floatovoltaicsaren’tperfect.Coveringtoomuchofareservoirwithpanelscouldaffecttheplantsandanimalsinthewater.Thescientistssayitwillbeimportanttostudyhowfloatingpanelswillaffectwaterineachreservoir.Focusingfirstonman-madereservoirswillavoidsomeofthoseproblems.8.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.Tolistsolarpanels’unusualfunctions.B.Tointroducetheworkabilityoffloatingsolarpanels.C.Toshowdisadvantagesofsolarpanelsonland.D.Tomakeacomparisonbetweendifferentsolarpanels.9.Howdidresearcherscarryoutthenewstudy?A.Bylookingatreservoirsworldwide. B.BybuildingfloatovoltaicfarmsintheUS.C.Bymakingcomputer-aidedestimates. D.Byprocessingdatagivenbyspecialists.10.Whatdoweknowaboutfloatingsolarpanels?A.Theymaycausepotentialharmtowaterecosystem.B.Theywilleventuallyreplacephotovoltaicpanels.C.Theyfunctionwellinextremehotweather.D.Theyareperfectexceptforthehighcost.11.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.FloatingSolarPanels—OurFinalChoiceB.FloatingSolarPanels—TakingUsBacktoWaterC.FloatingSolarPanels—ANewWaytoCoolthePlanetD.FloatingSolarPanels—MakingEnergy,SavingWater【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了浮动太阳能电池板的优势——既能发电又能节约水。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theideaisn’tasunusualasitmightseem.Afterall,anysolarpanelhastobewaterproof,sinceitwillbeoutintherain.TherearealreadyseverallargefloatovoltaicfarmsinAsia.Onland,sopanelsareheldupbyspecialframes(框架).Onthewater,floatovoltaicsareplacedonafloatingplatformattachedtothebottomofalakeorreservoir(水库).Floatingsolarpanelscostabout25%morethanthoseplacedonland.(这个想法并不像看起来那么不寻常。毕竟，任何太阳能电池板都必须是防水的，因为它会在雨中使用。亚洲已经有几个大型的浮动光伏电站。在陆地上，太阳能板由特殊框架支撑。在水面上，浮动光伏被放置在附着在湖底或水库底部的浮动平台上。浮动太阳能电池板的成本比放置在陆地上的太阳能电池板高出25%左右。)”可知，第2段的目的是介绍浮动太阳能电池板的可操作性。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theyusedcomputerprogramstofigureouthowmuchelectricitycouldbeproducedyearlybycovering30%ofthesereservoirswithfloatingsolarpanels.(他们使用计算机程序计算出，如果在30%的水库上安装浮动太阳能电池板，每年可以产生多少电力。)”可知，研究人员是通过计算机辅助估算来进行这项新研究的。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Coveringtoomuchofareservoirwithpanelscouldaffecttheplantsandanimalsinthewater.(用面板覆盖太多的水库可能会影响水中的植物和动物。)”可知，浮动太阳能电池板可能对水生态系统造成潜在危害。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第三段“Theanswerwassurprisinglylarge—morethantwicetheamountofenergytheUnitedStatesgeneratesinayearand10timesasmuchenergyasallthesolarpowercurrentlybeinggeneratedintheworld.(答案惊人地大——是美国一年发电量的两倍多，是目前世界上所有太阳能发电量的10倍。)”和倒数第二段“Floatovoltaicscanalsohelpsavewaterbylimitingevaporation(蒸发)fromreservoirs.(浮动光伏还可以通过限制水库的蒸发来帮助节约用水。)”可知，本文主要介绍了浮动太阳能电池板的优势——既能发电又能节约水，因此最好的题目是D选项“浮动太阳能电池板——发电，节水”。故选D。DBlindimitationisself-destruction.Tothosewhodonotrecognizetheiruniqueworth,imitationappearsattractive;tothosewhoknowtheirstrength,imitationisunacceptable.Intheearlystagesofskillorcharacterdevelopment,imitationishelpful.WhenIfirstlearnedtocook.Iusedrecipesandturnedoutsometastydishes.ButsoonIgrewbored.Whyfollowsomeoneelse’swayofcookingwhenIcouldcreatemyown?Imitatingrolemodelsislikeusingtrainingwheelson&child’sbicycle;theyhelpyougetgoing,butonceyoufindyourownbalance,youflyfasterandfartherwithoutrelyingonthem.Indailylife,imitationcanhurtusifwesubconsciously(下意识地)holdpoorrolemodels.If,asachild,youobservedpeoplewhoseliveswerebad,youmayhaveacceptedtheirfearandpainasnormalandgoneontofollowwhattheydid.Ifyoudonotmakestrongchoicesforyourself,youwillgettheresultsoftheweakchoicesofothers.Inthefieldofentertainment,ourcultureglorifiescelebrities.Thosestarslookgreatonscreen.Butwhentheystepoffscreen,theirpersonallivesmaybedisastrous.Ifyouaregoingtofollowsomeone,focusontheirtalent,nottheirbadcharacterorunacceptablebehaviors.Blessedisthepersonwillingtoactontheirsuddendesiretocreatesomethingunique.Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfriendsthathaveaffectedyoumostdeeply.Theytouchedyoubecausetheircreationsweremotivatedbyinspiration,notdesperation.Theworldischangednotbythosewhodowhathasbeendonebeforethem,butbythosewhodowhathasbeendoneinsidethem.Creativepeoplehaveanendlessresourceofideas.Theproblemacreatorfacesisrunningoutofmaterial;itiswhattodowiththematerialknockingatthedoorofimagination.Studyyourrolemodels,acceptthegiftstheyhavegiven,andleavebehindwhatdoesnotserve.Thenyoucansay,“Istandontheshouldersofmyancestors’tragediesanddeclarevictory,andknowthattheyarecheeringon.”12.Imitationprovesusefulwhenyou______.A.knowyouareunique B.losethebalanceoflifeC.begintolearnsomethingnew D.gettiredofroutinepractice13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“glorifies”inparagraph4mean?A.complains. B.beautifies. C.dominates. D.rejects.14.Thetroubleacreatorfacesis______.A.thelackofstrongmotivation B.theabsenceofpracticalideasC.howtosearchformorematerials D.howtouseimaginationcreatively15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofcreativity. B.Tocriticizethecharactersofrolemodels.C.Tocompareimitationwithcreation. D.Toexplainthemeaningofsuccess.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了我们要创新，不要盲目模仿，告诉了我们创新的重要性。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Intheearlystagesofskillorcharacterdevelopment,imitationishelpful.”（在技能或性格发展的早期阶段，模仿是有帮助的。）以及“Imitatingrolemodelsislikeusingtrainingwheelson&child’sbicycle;theyhelpyougetgoing,butonceyoufindyourownbalance,youflyfasterandfartherwithoutrelyingonthem.”（模仿榜样就像在儿童自行车上使用辅助轮；它们帮助你前进，但一旦你找到了自己的平衡，你就可以在不依赖它们的情况下骑得更快更远。）可知，模仿证明是有用的，当你开始学习新的东西。故选C项。【13题详析】词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句“Thosestarslookgreatonscreen.”（那些明星在银幕上看起来很棒。）可推知，划线单词句子的意思为“在娱乐领域，我们的文化赞美名人。”故可猜测，划线单词glorifies为“美化，赞美”的意思，结合选项B项beautifies“美化”意思一致。故选B项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Creativepeoplehaveanendlessresourceofideas.Theproblemacreatorfacesisrunningoutofmaterial;itiswhattodowiththematerialknockingatthedoorofimagination.”（有创造力的人有无穷无尽的想法资源。创作者面临的问题是素材不足；它是如何处理敲开想象之门的材料。）可知，创作者面临的难题是如何创造性地运用想象力。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Blindimitationisself-destruction.Tothosewhodonotrecognizetheiruniqueworth,imitationappearsattractive;tothosewhoknowtheirstrength,imitationisunacceptable.”（盲目模仿是自我毁灭。对于那些没有认识到自己独特价值的人来说，模仿似乎很有吸引力；对于那些知道自己实力的人来说，模仿是不可接受的。）以及倒数第二段中“Theworldischangednotbythosewhodowhathasbeendonebeforethem,butbythosewhodowhathasbeendoneinsidethem.Creativepeoplehaveanendlessresourceofideas.”（改变世界的不是那些按照前人的做法行事的人，而是那些按照自己内心的想法行事的人。有创造力的人有无穷无尽的想法资源。）可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是强调创造力的重要性。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,共12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。HealthySee,HealthyDoVisitthegrocerystoreonanemptystomach,andyouwillprobablycomehomewithafewthingsyoudidnotplantobuy.Buthungerisnottheonlycauseofadditionalpurchases.Thelocationofstoredisplays(摆放)alsoinfluencesourshoppingchoices.___16___Thecheckoutareaisaparticularhotspotforjunkfood.Studieshavefoundthattheproductsmostcommonlyfoundtherearesugaryandsaltysnacks.___17___A2012studyintheNetherlandsfoundthathospitalworkersweremorelikelytogiveupjunkfoodforhealthysnackswhenthelatterweremorereadilyavailableoncanteenshelves,forexample.In2014NorwegianandIcelandicresearchersalsofoundthatreplacingunhealthyfoodswithhealthyonesinthecheckoutareasignificantlyincreasedlast-minutesalesofhealthierfoods.___18___Ithasbeenworkingwithmorethan1,000storeownerstoencouragethemtoorderandpromotenutritiousfoods.“Weknowthatthestoresarefullofcues(暗示)meanttoencourageconsumption,”saysTamarAdjoian,aresearchscientistatthedepartment,“Makinghealthyfoodsmoreconvenientorappealingcanleadtoincreasedsalesofthoseproducts.”Adjoianandhercolleagueswonderedifsuchfindingswouldapplytotheircity’scrowdedurbancheckoutareas,sotheyselectedthreeBronxsupermarketsfortheirownstudy.___19___Thentheyrecordedpurchasesoversixthree-hourperiodsineachstorefortwoweeks.Ofthemorethan2,100shopperstheyobserved,just4percentboughtanythingfromthecheckoutarea.Amongthosewhodid,however,customersinthehealthylinespurchasednutritiousfoodsmorethantwiceasoftenasthoseinthestandardlines.___20___ThefindingswerereportedinSeptemberintheJournalofNutritionEducationandBehavior.Thepotentialinfluencemayseemsmall,butAdjoianbelievesthatchangingmorecheckoutlineswouldopencustomers’eyestonutritious,lower-caloriefoods.HealthdepartmentofficialsarenowexploringwaystoexpandhealthyoptionsatcheckoutcountersthroughoutNewYorkCity.A.Thesefoodsgivepeoplemoreenergy.B.Theyboughtunhealthyfoods40percentlessoften.C.Anditmaymakeorbreaksomehealthyeatinghabits.D.Thesupermarketsbegantooffernutritious,lower-caloriefoods.E.ThesefindingscaughttheattentionofNewYorkCityDepartmentofHealth.F.Theyreplacedcandiesandcookieswithfruitsandnutsnearthecheckoutcounter.G.Andafewstudieshavesuggestedthatsimplyswappinginhealthieroptionscanchangecustomerbehavior.【答案】16.C17.G18.E19.F20.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章用几个实验向我们证明了商店里商品的摆放位置，特别是结账处附近的商品摆放会影响我们购物的选择。所以健康部门和专家都呼吁将健康食品放在这些地方，提高大家对健康食品的关注度。【16题详析】空格位于首段最后一句。空格前一句句意为：店内商品的摆放位置也会影响购物的选择。选项C中的it与上句话中的“Thelocation”可形成指代关系，并且“makeorbreaksomehealthyeatinghabits”与文章主题（HealthySee,HealthyDo看到的健康的，买的就是健康的）呼应。故选C。【17题详析】空格位于段中。空格前句意为：结账处摆放的商品经常是糖或者咸的零食。空格后的两个举例都是强调如果购物者看到的经常是健康食品的话，他们会更多的选择健康食品。由此可推知，空格处应该是强调换一下摆放在结账处的食品的重要性。选项G中的“simplyswappinginhealthieroptionscanchangecustomerbehavior（简单地将垃圾食品换成健康一点的食品能改变顾客的购物行为）”与这一语境呼应，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。【18题详析】空格位于段首。由本段中的“aresearchscientistatthedepartment”可知，前边应该出现过department，选项E中的“DepartmentofHealth”与之呼应。故选E。【19题详析】空格位于段中。分析文章结构，第四段和第五段主要讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验。空格前句意为：为了证明把健康食品放在收银处，是不是影响拥挤的市区内的顾客的购买行为，他们选择了三家超市。空格后句意为：他们连续三周每天分六次每次三小时记录购买情况。可以推知，中间一句话应该是实验的设置方式。选项F中的“Theyreplacedcandiesandcookieswithfruitsandnutsnearthecheckoutcounter（他们把收银处附近的糖和饼干换成了水果和坚果）”与这个试验的目的一致。故选F。【20题详析】空格位于段中。这一段讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验的结果。由空格后的thesefindings可知，前边至少有两项发现。空格前句意为：在那些在收银处买了东西的人当中，站在健康食品队列的人比站在不健康食品队列的人买了多于两倍的东西。这是一个发现，选项B中的“Theyboughtunhealthyfoods40percentlessoften.（他们买不健康食品的概率也降低了40%。）”与上一句句式接近，并且表达的是与上一句意思一致的一个发现，又与下句中的“thesefindings”呼应。故选B。【『点石成金』】七选五题目主要考查学生综合的英语逻辑思维能力。一篇好的短文，不仅在内容上要前后一致，而且还要语篇结构清晰，上下文逻辑意义严谨。内容的前后一致体现在段内及语篇内话题的自然过渡。语篇结构主要体现为：文章是总分结构，还是按时间或空间顺序发展的，还是辩证三段论的编排的。逻辑意义的严谨最主要的可以通过代词、连词和副词等形式来体现。例如本文中的第一题、第四题要分别借助于篇章结构和段落结构解题。第二题依据段落内空格前后语义之间的关系解题，第三题和第五题依据词汇呼应解题。这篇七选五是比较难的题目，大家要着重分析文章和段落的结构。具体解题过程看详析。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnafreezingJanuaryevening,AshleyAustrewsatinhercarinanOmahaparkinglot.Shewasworkingupthe___21___togointoacomedyimprov(即兴表演)class.For20minutes,the33-year-oldjournalistandmomoftwosatwiththoughtsof___22___:“Ican’tdothis.I’llbetheworstone.”Thensheturnedofftheengine,tookafewdeepbreaths,andwent___23___.ForAustrew,___24___improvwasthefirstsmallsteptoimproveherself-esteem.Shelackedconfidenceanddidn’thavethecouragetotryanything___25___.Soshemadealistofallthethingsshewasafraidto___26___andthenaskedherself,“WhatifIdidn’tletmyexcuseswin?”Improvwasherbiggest___27___.Herfear___28___assoonasshewalkedintotheclass.Herclassmateswerealso___29___,andshediscoveredthatshewas____30____capableofearningafewlaughsandmakingnewfriends.Overthenexttwoyears,Austrewwentontodealwithotherwhat-ifs,includingwritingabook.“Self-esteemislikeamuscle--youhaveto____31____itconstantly,”shesays.Somepeopleare____32____withaseeminglyunshakablepositivity,butmostofusneedtolearnhowto____33____ourselvesupbyourownhands.Thankfully,likeAustrew,wecanlearntofeel____34____aboutourselvesand____35____ourfeelingsofhope.21.A.courage B.project C.preparation D.solution22.A.self-esteem B.self-confidence C.self-doubt D.self-reflection23.A.inside B.ahead C.home D.out24.A.acting B.trying C.building D.getting25.A.important B.different C.special D.new26.A.abandon B.attempt C.absorb D.account27.A.confidence B.guarantee C.surprise D.target28.A.dissolved B.arose C.appeared D.changed29.A.helpers B.strangers C.supporters D.beginners30.A.barely B.perfectly C.slightly D.widely31.A.work B.break C.catch D.take32.A.connected B.burdened C.blessed D.tired33.A.bring B.put C.pick D.pull34.A.better B.simpler C.smaller D.smarter35.A.forget B.strengthen C.spread D.hide【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.B25.D26.B27.D28.A29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。通过主人公Austrew不断尝试新事物并找到自我价值这个故事，让我们要学着自我感觉更好，增强我们的希望感。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她正鼓足勇气去上喜剧即兴表演课。A.courage勇气；B.project计划；项目；C.preparation准备；D.solution解决方案。根据下文“Thensheturnedofftheengine,tookafewdeepbreaths,”可知AshleyAustrew开始有点紧张，此处指她正鼓足勇气去参加即兴表演的。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位33岁的记者、两个孩子的母亲坐在那里，想着自我怀疑:“我做不到，我会是最糟糕的一个。”。A.self-esteem自尊；B.self-confidence自信；C.self-doubt自我怀疑；D.self-reflection自我反思。根据下文“Ican’tdothis.I’llbetheworstone(我做不到。我会是最糟糕的一个。)”可知AshleyAustrew很不自信，在自我怀疑。故选C。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后她关掉引擎，深吸了几口气，走了进去。A.inside里面；B.ahead朝前地；C.home在家；回家；D.out出现；向外。根据前文“Shewasworkingupthe______togointoacomedyimprov(即兴表演)class.”可知，此处指AshleyAustrew在适当调整紧张的情绪后走进了即兴表演班。故选A。【24题详析】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：对奥斯特来说，尝试即兴表演是提高她自尊的一小步。A.acting表演；B.trying尝试；C.building建立；D.getting得到。从第一段描写Austrew鼓足勇气准备上即兴表演班课程的细节可推知，此处指尝试即兴表演。且下文的“Shelackedconfidenceanddidn’thavethecouragetotryanything.”也是提示。故选B。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她缺乏自信，没有勇气尝试新事物。A.important重要的；B.different不同的；C.special特殊的；D.new新的。根据下文“Soshemadealistofallthethingsshewasafraidto”可知Austrew总是没有勇气尝试新的事物。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以她将所有她不敢尝试的事情列了一个清单，然后问自己，“如果我不让我的借口得逞呢?”A.abandon抛弃；B.attempt尝试；C.absorb吸收；D.account导致；认为；报账。根据上文“didn’thavethecouragetotryanything”可知Austrew列出了所有她不敢尝试的事情。故选B。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即兴表演是她最大的目标。A.confidence自信；B.guarantee保证；C.surprise惊讶；D.target目标；指标。根据上文“Soshemadealistofallthethingsshewasafraidto______”可推知即兴表演在Austrew所列的清单中，并且是一个最大的目标。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一走进教室，恐惧就消失了。A.dissolved溶解；B.arose出现；引发；C.appeared出现；D.changed改变。根据下文“shediscoveredthatshewas______capableofearningafewlaughs”可知Austrew表演的还不错，由此推知Austrew一走进教室，恐惧就消失了。故选A。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的同学也是初学者，她发现自己完全有能力赢得一些笑声和结交新朋友。A.helpers帮助者；B.strangers陌生人；C.supporters支持者；D.beginners初学者。根据空格前的“also”一词可推知其他同学和她一样也是第一次走进即兴表演教室，即都是初学者。故选D。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的同学也是初学者，她发现自己完全有能力赢得一些笑声和结交新朋友。A.barely仅仅；勉强；B.perfectly完美地，完全地；C.slightly轻微地；D.widely广泛地。结合前文“Herclassmateswerealso______,”及语境可知当Austrew发现同学们都是初学者时，Austrew找到了自信，她觉得自己完全有能力赢得一些笑声和结交新朋友。故选B。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“自尊就像肌肉——你必须不断锻炼，”她说。A.work工作；B.break打破；C.catch抓住；D.take拿，取；带去。前文中有“amuscle”，根据动宾语义上的合理搭配可知此处指让肌肉锻炼(工作)。故选A。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人被赋予了一种看似不可动摇的积极性，但我们大多数人需要学习如何通过自己的双手把自己拉起来。A.connected有联系的；B.burdened负荷的；C.blessed神圣的；尊敬的；D.tired劳累的。下文是“aseeminglyunshakablepositivity(一种看似不可动摇的积极性)”，根据语义上的合理搭配可知此处用短语“beblessedwith（被赋予）”，此处指有些人被赋予了一种看似不可动摇的积极性。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人被赋予了一种看似不可动摇的积极性，但我们大多数人需要学习如何通过自己的双手把自己拉起来。A.bring带来；B.put放置；C.pick挑选；采摘；D.pull拉。根据下文“ourfeelingsofhope”可知此处指让自己振作起来，再结合空格后“up”联想到短语pullup，意为：拔起；向上，符合语境。故选D。【34题详析】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，像Austrew一样，我们可以学着自我感觉更好，增强我们的希望感。A.better更好的；B.simpler更简单的；C.smaller更小的；D.smarter更聪明的。根据前文“Thankfully,likeAustrew”以及前文对Austrew不断尝试新事物并找到自我价值的细节描述可知，此处指我们可以像Austrew一样，学着做更好的自己。故选A。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，像Austrew一样，我们可以学着自我感觉更好，增强我们的希望感。A.forget忘记；B.strengthen加强；C.spread传播；D.hide隐藏。下文是“ourfeelingsofhope”，根据动宾语义上的合理搭配及语境可知此处指增强我们的希望感。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PariswitnessedthegloriousperformanceoftheChinesesportsdelegationatthe2024Olympics.Chineseathletes,withtheirtenacious(顽强的)fightingspiritandoutstandingcompetitive_____36_____(strong),wroteanewchapterinChinesesports.BreakthroughsinbasicmajoreventsandpotentialadvantageouseventsbecameamajorhighlightofthisOlympics.Themen’s100-meterfreestyleathletesetanewworldrecord,____37____enabledtheChinesenationalanthemtobeplayedbesidetheswimmingpool.Eventslikesynchronizedswimming(花样游泳),rhythmicgymnastics(艺术体操),andwomen’sboxingallachievedthebreakthroughofzeroOlympicgoldmedals.Manyyoung“post-00s”athletesbecametheleadingfiguresonthefield.Withthepassionofyouthandfearlesscourage,theyshowedtheworldthestyleof_____38_____newgenerationofChineseathletes.Theydaredtofightandcompeteinthefaceofpressure,brokethrough_____39_____(they)inthefaceofchallenges,andleft_____40_____(forgettable)momentsonthefieldwithconfidentandcalmpostu