2025-2026学年湖北省楚天协作体高三上学期开学英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省楚天协作体2025-2026学年高三上学期开学英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhatisthemandoingonThursdayafternoons?A.Coachingastudent. B.Writingaresearchpaper. C.Attendingadebatecompetition.【答案】A【原文】W:Inoticedyou’vebeencomingtothiscaféeveryThursdayafternoonforthepastmonth.Workingonsomethingspecial?M:Actually,I’mtutoringahighschoolstudentwho’spreparingforthenationaldebatecompetition.Thisistheonlytimethatfitsbothourschedules.2.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodoabouttheconcerttickets?A.Waitforadiscount. B.Buythemimmediately. C.Chooseadifferentdate.【答案】A【原文】W:Shouldwegettheconcertticketstoday?M:They’requiteexpensivenow.Maybeweshouldholdoff.W:You’reright.Pricesmightdroplater.3.Whatmakestheman’sarchitecturalapproachunique?A.Hisfocusonmoderndesigns.B.Hisurbanplanningexperience.C.Hisstudyoftraditionaltechniques.【答案】C【原文】W:Yourpresentationonurbanarchitecturewasfascinating.Howdidyoudevelopsuchskills?M:Well,whilemostarchitectsfocusonmoderndesigns,IspenttwoyearsstudyingtraditionalbuildingtechniquesinruralChina.Thatexperiencecompletelychangedmyperspective.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shealreadytriedtheman’sidea.B.Shewouldfollowtheman’ssuggestion.C.Shedisagreeswiththeman’ssuggestion.【答案】A【原文】M:WhynotaskProf.Smithforhelp?He’sanexpertinthisfield.W:That’sthefirstthingIdid,buthewastoobusytomeet.5.Whatistheman’sviewonaddressingclimatechange?A.Onlygovernmentpoliciesmatter.B.Individualeffortsaremeaningless.C.Communityactionscanbeeffective.【答案】C【原文】W:ProfessorJohnson’slectureonclimatechangewasquitealarming.Doyouthinkindividualactionscanreallymakeadifference?M:Whilesystematicchangeiscrucial,I’veseenfirsthandhowcommunity-ledinitiativesincoastaltownshavesignificantlyreducedplasticwaste.Smallactionsdoaccumulate.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatwillthewomanprobablydofirst?A.Visitanartgallery. B.Seeafamousstatue. C.Exploreabotanicalgarden.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers. B.Tourguideandvisitor. C.Travelcompanions.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Excuseme,I’mvisitingforthefirsttime.What’sthemust-seeattractionhere?M:Oh,youshouldn’tmissthefamousstatueinthecitysquare—it’sjustashortwalkaway.W:Soundsgreat!Arethereanyguidedtoursforit?M:Yes,theyrunevery30minutes.Theguidessharefascinatingstoriesaboutitshistory.W:Whatelseisnearby?M:There’sabeautifulbotanicalgardenandamodernartgallerytoo.W:Thankssomuchforyourhelp!M:Noproblematall.Enjoyyourvisit!听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatmistakedidthemanmake?A.Hedelayedtheshipment.B.Hesentthewrongproductmodel.C.Heforgottoincludethehandbook.9.Whatdoesthecustomerdemandnow?A.Afullrefund. B.Anurgentreplacement. C.Freemaintenanceservice.10.Howwillthemanhandletheissue?A.Offeradiscount. B.Sendatechnicianimmediately.C.Shipthecorrectitemovernight.【答案】8.B9.B10.C【原文】W:John,IneedtotalktoyouabouttheorderfromGreenTech.M:Ohno,what’swrong?Ishippedtheirpackageyesterday.W:Yes,buttheyreceivedModelXinsteadofModelY—theonetheyactuallyordered.M:Ohno!Imust’vemixedupthelabels.Didtheycomplain?W:Worse—they’rethreateningtocancelallfuturecontractsunlesswefixthisimmediately.M:I’llcalltheirmanagerrightnowtoapologize.Shouldweofferadiscount?W:No,theyneedModelYbytomorrowforaproject.Let’sarrangeovernightdelivery.M:Gotit.I’llhandletheshippingrightaway.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Howmanypeoplewillstayatthehotel?A.6. B.16. C.8.12.Whenwillthemancheckin?A.InearlyDecember. B.Inmid-December. C.InlateDecember.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Offerhispersonalinformation. B.Inquireaboutequipmentrental. C.Requestarestaurantreservation.【答案】11.B12.A13.A【原文】W:GreenMountainGolfCourse.HowmayIhelpyou?M:Hello,I’dliketomakeabookingofthehotelandagolfcourse.W:Whenwouldyouliketovisitus,sir?Icancheckifthereareavailableroomsandgolfingsessions.M:WearethinkingofanyweekendinDecember.Andwe’regoingtobe8couples,sowe’dprefer8doubleroomsifthat’spossible.W:Hmm,well,you’reinluck,sir.Thefirstweekendisquiteemptyrightnow.Wehaveseveralopengolfsessions.Andit’srarethatwehavesomanyopeningsattheweekend.M:Ohthat’swonderful!CouldIbooktwosessions?TheoneforSaturdayandalsoSundaymorning.WemightleavearoundSundayafternoon.W:Wellyes,ofcourse.NowI’llneedsomespecificdetails.Underwhosenamewillthebookingbemade?M:Thatwouldbeme...听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatdidthemanthinkoftheconcert?A.Itwastooloud. B.Itwasdisappointing. C.Itwasunforgettable.15.Whatwillthewomandotonightinstead?A.Gotoacomedyclub. B.Watchadocumentary. C.Attendapoetryreading.16.Whereisthecoffeeshoplocated?A.Neartheman’soffice. B.Besidethecentrallibrary. C.Oppositethetrainstation.17.Whenwillthemanprobablyleavehisflat?A.7:50p.m. B.8:00p.m. C.8:10p.m.【答案】14.B15.A16.B17.A【原文】W:DidyougotothejazzconcertatCityHalllastnight?M:Yes,butitwasn’tasgoodasIexpected.Thebandseemedunprepared,andthesoundsystemkeptfailing.W:Really?Iwasplanningtogotonight,butnowI’mreconsidering.M:Ifyoulovejazz,youmightstillenjoyit.Butmyfriendsaregoingtoacomedyclubinstead—whynotjoinus?W:Thatsoundsbetter!Where’stheclub?M:It’srightnexttoMoonlightCoffeeShop,youknow—theonebesidethecentrallibrary.W:Ohyes!Shouldwemeetthereat8:00p.m?M:Perfect.It’sjusta10-minutewalkfrommyflat.Iwillseeyouthen.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.HowdoesAIbenefitstudentsaccordingtothespeaker?A.Byreplacingteachers. B.Bypersonalizinglearning. C.Byloweringeducationcosts.19.WhatisamajorconcernaboutAIineducation?A.Itrequirescomplextraining.B.Itistooexpensiveforschools.C.Itmaydecreaseface-to-facecommunication.20.Whatwillthenextsessionfocuson?A.FutureAIinventions.B.TechnicalproblemsofAItools.C.Acomparisonofteachingmethods.【答案】18.B19.C20.C【原文】Goodmorning,class.Todaywe’llexplorehowartificialintelligence(AI)istransformingeducation.AItoolslikesmarttutorscannowpersonalizelearningbyanalyzingstudents’strengthsandweaknesses.Theyprovideinstantfeedbackandevenadaptexercisestoindividualneeds.Manyteachersfindthishelpful,especiallyforstudentswhorequireextrasupport.Still,someworrythatover-relianceonAImightreducehumaninteractioninclassrooms.It’scrucialtobalancetechnologywithtraditionalteachingmethods.Nexttime,we’llcompareAI-assistedlearningwithconventionalapproachessidebyside.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThebestartshowstovisitfromthismonthonwards.INBETWEENHORIZONS14Februaryto15March2025InBetweenHorizonsisacaptivatingsoloshowbycontemporarypainterLauraRich.Thiscollectionofabstractlandscapesexplorestheever-changingrelationshipbetweennatureandtransformation,echoingRich’sexperiencesofmotherhood.Herboldbrushworkandintricatelayeringtechniquecreateworksofgreatemotionaldepth,heldincollectionsaroundtheworld.GalleryByTheLakes,DorchesterDT28QU.gallerybythelakes.co.ukBEINGHERE8Marchto25May2025BeingHereisthefirstmajorsurveyexhibitionbyacclaimedBritishartistBarbaraWalker.FollowingitscelebratedrunatTheWhitworth,thiscomprehensiveshowcasefeaturesnearly60works,includingWalker’sTurnerPrize-nominatedseriesBurdenofProof.Theexhibitionchartshercompellingfigurativepracticefromthe1990stothepresentday,exploringthemesofpower,belonging,andBlackpresencethroughvariousmedia,includingdelicategraphitedrawingsandembossedreliefs.Arnolfini,6NarrowQuay,BristolBS14QA..ukSPRINGEXHIBITION1Marchto16March2025GaleriaModerna,thedynamicfamily-runartorganization,isbringingworld-classarttoTheGrandArcade,Cambridge.TheirexclusiveSpringExhibitionwillshowcaseaward-winningartists,includingtwo-timeBritishArtPrizefinalistJoGrayoverthreeinspiringweekends.Discoverstunningcontemporaryworksinahigh-endsettingandbepartofanunforgettableartexperience.GaleriaModerna,TheGrandArcade,CambridgeCB23BJ.UNDERSEA29Marchto8April2025Thisexhibitionisanexplorationofthemysteries,mythsandmarinelifebeneaththewaves.Featuringadiversearrayofpaintings,prints,drawingsandsculpturesfromdifferentculturesandartisticmovements,theexhibitionoffersaninspiringdiveintotheoceans’richartisticlegacy.CuratedbyJamesRussell,itcompletesatrilogyfollowingSeasideModern(2020)andSeafaring(2021).HastingsContemporary,Rock-a-NoreHastingsTN343DW.H21.Whichartistisnotedfordistinctivelayeringtechniques?A.LauraRich. B.BarbaraWalker. C.JoGray. D.JamesRussell.22.Ifyouwanttovisitanexhibitioninmid-April2025,whichonewillbeopen?A.InBetweenHorizons. B.BeingHere.C.SpringExhibition. D.Undersea.23.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthistext?A.Toadvertiseasaleofartwork.B.Tosharetheartists’personallifestories.C.Tocomparedifferentartists’paintingstyles.D.Toinformreadersaboutupcomingartexhibitions.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了从本月起可以参观的四个最佳艺术展览的相关信息。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据INBETWEENHORIZONS部分中的“Thiscollectionofabstractlandscapesexplorestheever-changingrelationshipbetweennatureandtransformation,echoingRich’sexperiencesofmotherhood.Herboldbrushworkandintricatelayeringtechniquecreateworksofgreatemotionaldepth,heldincollectionsaroundtheworld.(这个抽象风景系列探讨了自然与变化之间不断变化的关系，呼应了里奇作为母亲的经历。她大胆的笔触和复杂的分层技巧创造了情感深度很大的作品，被世界各地的收藏家收藏)”可知，LauraRich以其独特的分层技术而闻名。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据BEINGHERE部分中的“8Marchto25May2025(2025年3月8日至5月25日)”可知，如果想在2025年4月中旬参观展览，可以参观BEINGHERE展览。故选B。【23题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Thebestartshowstovisitfromthismonthonwards.(从本月起可以参观的最佳艺术展览)”以及下文对四个展览的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了四个艺术展览的相关信息。由此推知，本文的目的是告知读者即将到来的艺术展览。故选D。BJimCurrylightsthefurnace(火炉)ofhisportableblacksmith’sshopintheparkinglotofChristEpiscopalChurchinGuilford,Connecticut.Thefurnaceglowsorangeandletsoffalowroar.It’llgetupto2,000degrees,hotenoughtosoftenthemetalofatrayofdisassembledshotgunparts.Acrowdiswatching,andCurrypicksouta9-year-oldnamedOlivertohelphim.Oliverswingscautiouslyatfirst,flakesofred-hotmetalfallingaroundhisfeet.Hereshapesitintoatrowelyoucouldusetoplantflowersinagarden.“Itwasexciting,”Oliversays.“Ilovethefactthatyoucantakemetalthat’srandomandshapeitintosomethinguseful.”Curryisaco-founderofSwordstoPlowsharesNortheast,theorganizationputtingonthisevent,whichhelpspolicedepartmentsmanagetheirgunbuybackprogramsandrepurposetheitemsintogardeningtools.CurrysayshewasinspiredbyaMennonitegroupinColoradothatreforged(重新锻造)uselessitemsintogardentools.Thosedoingtherepurposingareoftenprisoners,volunteerblacksmithsoreagerparticipants.Thefinishedtoolsaredonatedtocommunitygardensandagriculturalhighschoolsandtheharvestedvegetablesdonatedtosoupkitchensandhomelessshelters,accordingtothegroup’swebsite.MaryAnnOsbornefirstvolunteeredwithSwordstoPlowshareswhenafamilymemberfellvictimtoviolence.Shehelpscollectitemsthroughpolicebuybacks.“Youseetheitemslyingthereandthenyouseethemgetbrokendown,”shesays.“Andthenyouseepeoplehammer(捶打)them,andthenyouseepeoplediggingtheirgardensandsomethinggrows.Youactuallyseethetransformation.”Shesaysthehammerandforgearepowerfulsymbolsandthenegativeforcescanbereshapedintosomethingpositiveandpeaceful.Currywearsacrossaroundhisneck.“It’smadeoutofpiecesofanAK-47,”hesays.“ButGodtakesthatelementandthenGod’slovebreaksitapart,reshapesit,thentransformsitintothesignofgreatesthope—thecross.Andthat’swhyIwearit.”24.HowdoesOliverfeelabouttheexperienceofreshapingthemetal?A.Hethoughtit’sboringandpointless.B.Hefounditfrighteninganddangerous.C.Hewasfrustratedbythedifficultyofthetask.D.Hefeltexcitedandinspiredbythetransformation.25.WhatisthemainpurposeofSwordstoPlowsharesNortheast?A.Tosellgardeningtoolstoschools. B.Toremakegunsintogardeningtools.C.Toadvocateforcommunitysafetymeasures. D.Toprovidematerialsforpolicedepartments.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCurry?A.Conservativeandselfless. B.Enterprisinganddevoted.C.Dismissiveandadventurous. D.Innovativeandsympathetic.27.WhatdoweknowaboutMaryAnnOsborne?A.Shewasenthusiasticaboutgardening.B.ShethoughthighlyofCurry’sorganization.C.Shetrainedvolunteersinmetalworkingskills.D.ShefoundedtheMennonitegroupthatinspiredCurry.【答案】24.D25.B26.D27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了“化剑为犁东北部组织”将枪支重新锻造成园艺工具的活动及其意义。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中““Itwasexciting,”Oliversays.“Ilovethefactthatyoucantakemetalthat’srandomandshapeitintosomethinguseful.”(“这太令人兴奋了，”奥利弗说。“我喜欢这样一个事实：你可以把随机的金属塑造成有用的东西。”)”可知，奥利弗对重塑金属的经历感到兴奋，并对这种转变感到鼓舞。故选D。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Curryisaco-founderofSwordstoPlowsharesNortheast,theorganizationputtingonthisevent,whichhelpspolicedepartmentsmanagetheirgunbuybackprogramsandrepurposetheitemsintogardeningtools.(库里是“化剑为犁东北部组织”的联合创始人，该组织举办了这次活动，帮助警察部门管理他们的枪支回购计划，并将这些物品重新用于制作园艺工具。)”可知，“化剑为犁东北部组织”的主要目的是将枪支重新制作成园艺工具。故选B。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“CurrysayshewasinspiredbyaMennonitegroupinColoradothatreforged(重新锻造)uselessitemsintogardentools.(库里说，他的灵感来自科罗拉多州的一个门诺派团体，他们将无用的物品重新锻造成园艺工具。)”以及最后一段中““It’smadeoutofpiecesofanAK-47,”hesays.“ButGodtakesthatelementandthenGod’slovebreaksitapart,reshapesit,thentransformsitintothesignofgreatesthope—thecross.Andthat’swhyIwearit.”(“这是用AK-47的碎片制成的，”他说。“但是上帝带走了那个元素，然后上帝的爱把它分解，重塑它，然后把它变成最大希望的象征——十字架。这就是我戴它的原因。”)”可知，库里能够想出将枪支重新锻造成园艺工具的主意，说明他具有创新精神；同时，他佩戴由AK-47碎片制成的十字架，表达了对和平与希望的追求，说明他富有同情心。故选D。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“MaryAnnOsbornefirstvolunteeredwithSwordstoPlowshareswhenafamilymemberfellvictimtoviolence.Shehelpscollectitemsthroughpolicebuybacks.“Youseetheitemslyingthereandthenyouseethemgetbrokendown,”shesays.“Andthenyouseepeoplehammer(捶打)them,andthenyouseepeoplediggingtheirgardensandsomethinggrows.Youactuallyseethetransformation.”Shesaysthehammerandforgearepowerfulsymbolsandthenegativeforcescanbereshapedintosomethingpositiveandpeaceful.(玛丽·安·奥斯本第一次志愿参加“化剑为犁”活动时，她的一名家庭成员成为了暴力的受害者。她通过警方回购帮助收集物品。“你看到那些东西躺在那里，然后看到它们被分解，”她说。“然后你看到人们捶打它们，然后你看到人们在花园里挖土，然后有东西生长出来。你真的看到了转变。”她说，锤子和锻炉是强大的象征，负面力量可以被重塑成积极和平的东西。)”可知，玛丽·安·奥斯本高度评价了库里的组织，认为锤子和锻炉是强大的象征，能够将负面力量转化为积极和平的力量。故选B。CMoleculesinbloodandurinemayrevealhowmuchenergyapersonconsumesfromultra-processedfoods,accordingtoanewstudy.It’sthefirsttimethatscientistshaveidentifiedbiologicalmarkersthatcanindicatehigherorlowerintakeofthefoods,whicharelinkedtoanumberofhealthproblems,saidErikkaLoftfield,aUSNationalCancerInstituteresearcherwholedthestudy.Shesaiditcouldhelpustounderstandmoreabouttheimpactoftheseproductsonourhealth.Ultra-processedfoods—likesugarycereals,sodas,chips,frozenpizzasandmore—areproductscreatedthroughindustrialprocesseswithingredientssuchasadditives,colorsandpreservativesnotfoundinhomekitchens.However,studyingtheirhealthimpactsishardbecauseit’sdifficulttoaccuratelytrackwhatpeopleeat.Typicaldietstudiesrelyonaskingpeoplewhattheyateduringacertainperiod.Butsuchreportsareknowntobeunreliablebecausepeopledon’tremembereverythingtheyate,ortheydon’trecordtheirdietsaccurately.Inthisstudy,Loftfieldandhercolleaguesexaminedexistingdataofmorethan1,000olderUSadults.Morethan700ofthemhadprovidedbloodandurinesamples,aswellasdetaileddietaryrecallreports,collectedoverayear.Thescientistsfoundthathundredsofmetabolites—productsofdigestionandotherprocesses—correspondedtothepercentageofenergyapersonconsumesfromultra-processedfoods.Fromthose,theydevisedasystemusing28bloodmarkersandupto33urinemarkersthatreliablypredictedultra-processedfoodintakeinpeopleconsumingtypicaldiets.It’sstillearlyresearch,butidentifyingbloodandurinemarkerstopredictconsumptionofultra-processedfoodsis“amajorscientificadvance,”saidDr.DariushMozaffarianfromTuftsUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Loftfieldsaidshehopedtoapplythetooltoexistingstudieswherebloodandurinesamplesareavailabletotrack,forinstance,theeffectofconsumingultra-processedfoodsoncancerrisk.However,atatimewhensupportforgovernmentresearchisbeingcut,fundingremainsuncertain.28.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirstudy?A.Bytestingnewfoodadditivesinlaboratories.B.Byinterviewingpeopleabouttheireatinghabits.C.Byanalyzingbloodandurinesampleswithdietarydata.D.Bycomparinghome-cookedmealswithprocessedfoods.29.Theword“metabolites”inparagraph6mostlikelyrefersto_________.A.artificialfoodcolors. B.kitchencookingingredients.C.substancesfrombodilyprocesses. D.industrialadditivesinprocessedfoods.30.WhatisDr.DariushMozaffarian’sattitudetowardthenewmethod?A.Skeptical. B.Favorable. C.Indifferent. D.Critical.31.Whatistheauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tocriticizethefoodindustry’suseofadditives.B.Topromotegovernmentfundingforcancerresearch.C.Tocomparedifferentmethodsofdietaryassessment.D.Toexplainascientificbreakthroughindiettracking.【答案】28.C29.C30.B31.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍新的研究发现血液和尿液中的分子可显示人从超加工食品摄入的能量，还识别出相关生物标志物。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Inthisstudy,Loftfieldandhercolleaguesexaminedexistingdataofmorethan1,000olderUSadults.Morethan700ofthemhadprovidedbloodandurinesamples,aswellasdetaileddietaryrecallreports,collectedoverayear.(在这项研究中，Loftffield和她的同事检查了1000多名美国老年人的现有数据。其中700多人提供了过去一年中采集的血液、尿液样本，以及详细的饮食回忆报告)”可知，研究人员通过分析血液和尿液样本与饮食数据来进行研究。故选C。【29题详析】词句猜测题。根据下文对metabolites的解释“productsofdigestionandotherprocesses(消化和其它过程的产物)”可知，metabolites指的是代谢产物。故选C。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“It’sstillearlyresearch,butidentifyingbloodandurinemarkerstopredictconsumptionofultra-processedfoodsis“amajorscientificadvance,”saidDr.DariushMozaffarianfromTuftsUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.(TuftsUniversity的Dr.DariushMozaffarian没有参与这项研究，他说，这仍然是早期的研究，但通过识别血液和尿液标志物来预测超加工食品的摄入量是“一项重大的科学进步”)”可知，他认为这种新方法是“一项重大的科学进步”。由此推知，他赞同这种方法。故选B。【31题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Moleculesinbloodandurinemayrevealhowmuchenergyapersonconsumesfromultra-processedfoods,accordingtoanewstudy.(根据一项新的研究，血液和尿液中的分子可能会揭示一个人从超加工食品中消耗了多少能量)”可知，作者的目的是介绍一项通过血液和尿液标记物追踪超加工食品摄入的科学突破。故选D。DIntheearly1960sagroupofpsychologystudentsattheUniversityofNorthDakotawereaskedtoassistwithanexperimentinvolvinglabrats.Sixofthestudentsweretoldthattheirratshadbeenbredforbrightnessinrunningthemaze,whiletheothersixstudentswereinformedthattheirratscouldbeexpectedfor“geneticreasons”tohavelimitationstolearningtorunthemaze.Infact,noneoftheratshadbeentrainedtogetoutofamazeandhadbeenrandomlyassignedtoeitherofthetwocages.Priortolearningtheresults,Ipredictedthatnodifferenceswouldbefoundbetweenthegroupsinlearningtorunthemaze.Itturnedoutthatmypredictivepowerswerenotablylacking.Butwhatcouldpossiblyaccountfortheseresults?RobertRosenthal,arenownedsocialpsychologistatHarvardUniversity,exploredwhatspecificallywasinvolvedinthedifferentwaysinwhichthetwogroupsofratswere“handled”.Rosenthalfoundthatthestudentswith“brighterrats”rankedtheirsubjectsasbrighter,morepleasant,andmorelikeablethandidthestudentswhohad“dullerrats”.Theyalsosaidtheyhandledtheiranimalsmorethanthestudentsexpectingpoorperformancedid.It’sinterestingtothinkthatonsomelevel,ratsnotonly“knew”thestudentscaredaboutthembythewaytheywerehandledbutthatthishandlingimprovedtheirlearningtorunthemaze.Basedonthestudy,RosenthalconductedatestinSpruceElementarySchool,whereteachersweretoldtherewereagroupofstudentsineachclasswhoweresetto“blossom”academicallyduringthenewschoolyear.Infact,thisgroupofstudentswasrandomlyselected.Ayearlater,thesestudents’IQscoresimprovedsignificantlymorethanotherstudents’.HecalledwhathadoccurredthePygmalionEffect—expectationsinfluencingperformance.ThePygmalioneffectisbestunderstoodasaremindertobemindfulofthepotentialinfluenceofourexpectations.Havinghighexpectationsinmanysituationscaninspireothersregardingtheirowncapabilities.People’slimitationscanbestretchedifyouchangeyourperceptionoftheirlimitations.32.WhatcanwelearnfromtheNorthDakotastudy?A.Geneticfactorsplayedadecisiveroleinstudyoutcomes.B.Studentsperceivedthedifferencesintherats’intelligence.C.Therewasadifferenceinmaze-runningabilitybetweentherats.D.Students’expectationssubconsciouslyaffectedtherats’performance.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2imply?A.Theauthor’sreasoningabilityiscomparativelyweak.B.Theactualresultscontradicttheauthor’sinitialprediction.C.Theauthorwasoverlyconfidentinhisearlierassumption.D.Theunexpectedresultsresultfromtheexperimentalmethods.34.WhichexampledemonstratesthePygmalionEffect?A.Acoachfavorsathleticplayersincompetitions.B.Studentsstudyharderafterreceivingalowgrade.C.Employeesworkovertimetomeetastrictdeadline.D.Managers’expectationsleadtoworkers’highproductivity.35.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.PygmalionEffect:ItsPracticalApplications B.PygmalionEffect:Belief’sImpactonLearningC.PygmalionEffect:ExpectationsAffectOutcomes D.PygmalionEffect:ReassessingOurExpectations【答案】32.D33.B34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过北达科他大学关于老鼠的实验以及斯普鲁斯小学的测试，介绍了皮格马利翁效应，即期望会影响表现，提醒人们要留意自身期望可能产生的潜在影响。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Sixofthestudentsweretoldthattheirratshadbeenbredforbrightnessinrunningthemaze,whiletheothersixstudentswereinformedthattheirratscouldbeexpectedfor“geneticreasons”tohavelimitationstolearningtorunthemaze.Infact,noneoftheratshadbeentrainedtogetoutofamazeandhadbeenrandomlyassignedtoeitherofthetwocages.(六名学生被告知，他们所负责的老鼠是经过选育的，擅长走迷宫；而另外六名学生则得知，由于“基因原因”，他们的老鼠在学习走迷宫方面可能存在局限。但事实上，所有老鼠都未接受过迷宫逃生训练，且是被随机分配到两组笼子中的)”和第二段中“Priortolearningtheresults,Ipredictedthatnodifferenceswouldbefoundbetweenthegroupsinlearningtorunthemaze.Itturnedoutthatmypredictivepowerswerenotablylacking.(在得知结果之前，我预测两组在学习跑迷宫方面不会有差异。事实证明，我的预测能力明显不足)”可知，作者原本预测两组大鼠在学习跑迷宫方面不会有差异，但实验结果却不是这样。由此推测，学生们的期望在不知不觉中影响了大鼠的表现。故选D。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Priortolearningtheresults,Ipredictedthatnodifferenceswouldbefoundbetweenthegroupsinlearningtorunthemaze.Itturnedoutthatmypredictivepowerswerenotablylacking.(在得知结果之前，我预测两组在学习跑迷宫方面不会有差异。事实证明，我的预测能力明显不足)”可知，作者原本预测两组大鼠在学习跑迷宫方面不会有差异，但实验结果让作者感觉自己的预测能力不足。由此猜测，划线句子表明实际结果与预测相矛盾。故选B。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Basedonthestudy,RosenthalconductedatestinSpruceElementarySchool,whereteachersweretoldtherewereagroupofstudentsineachclasswhoweresetto“blossom”academicallyduringthenewschoolyear.Infact,thisgroupofstudentswasrandomlyselected.Ayearlater,thesestudents’IQscoresimprovedsignificantlymorethanotherstudents’.HecalledwhathadoccurredthePygmalionEffect—expectationsinfluencingperformance.(根据这项研究，罗森塔尔在云杉小学进行了一项测试。他告诉老师们，每个班级里都有一群学生在新学年里注定会“学业绽放”。事实上，这群学生是随机挑选出来的。一年后，这些学生的智商分数比其他学生有了显著提高。他将这种现象称为“皮格马利翁效应”——即期望会影响表现)”可知，期望会影响表现。由此推知，D选项“经理的期望使员工工作效率提高”符合皮格马利翁效应。故选D【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中“HecalledwhathadoccurredthePygmalionEffect—expectationsinfluencingperformance.(他称这种现象为皮格马利翁效应——期望影响表现)”以及最后一段“ThePygmalioneffectisbestunderstoodasaremindertobemindfulofthepotentialinfluenceofourexpectations.Havinghighexpectationsinmanysituationscaninspireothersregardingtheirowncapabilities.People’slimitationscanbestretchedifyouchangeyourperceptionoftheirlimitations.(皮格马利翁效应最好被理解为提醒我们要注意期望的潜在影响。在许多情况下，高期望可以激发他人对自身能力的信心。如果你改变对他人局限性的看法，人们的局限性是可以被突破的)”可知，文章通过北达科他州的老鼠实验和斯普鲁斯小学的学生实验介绍了皮格马利翁效应，即期望影响表现，所以C项“皮格马利翁效应：期望影响结果”适合作为文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sometimes,everythingseemstogowrong.You’repassedoverforajob.Yourbackaches.Yourzipperbreaks.Facedwithsetbackslargeandsmall,youbegintowonderifyou’rejustanunluckyperson.Whydoesitseemlikeyoucannevercatchabreak?____36____WhatIsLuck?Peopledefineluckinthreeways,accordingtoJacquelineWoolley.First,weoftenusethetermluckassynonymouswith‘chance’.Anotherwaytoframeluckis“asasupernaturalforcethatexistsintheuniverse”,shesays.____37____Somepeoplebelieveitalsocanbeharnessed,witharitualorcharm.Third,itcanbethoughtofasapersonaltraitthatyou’rebornwith.Butdoesitexist?RichardWisemanbelievesthatconsideringyourselfluckyorunluckyis“awayofseeingyourself,whichthenhasimpactonhowyouthink.____38____VikLovedayinterviewed44academicemployeeswhowereontemporarycontracts.Hefoundtheywouldattributegoodnewsconcerningtheircareerstoluck,becausetheybelievedithappenedalmostbyaccident.ProfessorWoolleyalsohaslookedatthisideainchildren.Betweentheagesfourandeight,theyareexposedtotheconceptofluckmostlythroughfamilyandbooks.Byageei